When you submit an academic paper, you will be required to follow a style guide. A style guide determines, among other things, how in-text citations should appear:
a. Smith (1799, p.9) argues that…
b. Smith (1799) argues that… (p.9)
c. Smith argues that… (1799, p.9)
The three most frequently used style guides are APA (Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association), MLA (Modern Language Association’s Style Manual) and CMOS (Chicago Manual of Style). Be sure to use the style guide recommended by your instructor, regardless of the way in which in-text citations are used in sentences 286-329.
286. Smith argues that ____
287. Smith has argued that ____
288. In his 1799 study, Smith argued that ____
289. Smith supports the notion that ____
290. Smith (1799) was the first to coin the term “____”
291. Smith and Jones (1799, p.99) remind us that ____
292. Smith and Jones, in their study of ____, found that ____
293. Smith (1799) poses [50] the question, “____?”
294. Proponents of ____ include Smith, who ____ (1799, p.99)
295. Those who maintain that ____ include Smith, who ____
296. Smith’s discussion of ____ openly acknowledges that ____
297. The work of Smith et al. demonstrates [51] that ____
298. Smith was one of the first to define ____ as ____
299. Smith has advanced the hypothesis that ____
300. Smith and Jones have put forward the hypothesis that ____
301. Smith’s impact on ____ has been widely examined.
302. Each [52] of these influential studies has claimed that ____
303. The study carried out by Smith (1799) revealed that ____
304. Smith’s theoretical framework (1799, p.99) takes account of ____
305. A number of studies ____. Specifically, Smith and Jones (1799, p.99) examined ____
306. As an example of ____, consider the study of Smith (1979), which [53] ____
307. Smith and Jones (1799) outlined several models for ____
308. Smith (1799) provided one of the earliest discussions of ____
309. Smith and Jones have carried out an extensive study on ____
310. Smith et al. (1799) established a link between ____ and ____
311. Several reports by Smith and Jones have found an association [54] between ____ and ____
312. Smith argues that it is a misconception to view ____ as ____
313. In discussing ____, Smith argues that ____
314. In his discussion of ____ (1799, p.99), Smith confirms the centrality of ____
315. While Smith’s findings indicate that ____, it has not yet been demonstrated that ____
316. Although Smith argues that ____, a better way to frame [55] the issue is ____
317. This finding is congruent with the work of Smith (1799), which/who [56] ____
318. Smith (cited in Jones, 1799) defines ____ as ____
319. As Smith (1799) points out from Jones’ research, ____
320. Smith’s argument builds on Jones’. In other words, ____
321. Drawing on the work of Jones, Smith highlights ____
322. Smith, drawing on [57] Jones, defined ____ as ____
323. According to Smith, “____.” Jones went even further and claimed that ____
324. Smith claimed that ____. In a similar vein, Smith also found that ____
325. Smith (cited in Jones, 1799) defines ____ as ____
326. Smith claims that ____ (as cited in Jones, 1799, p. 99).
327. In this study, Smith et al. (1799) largely confirm Jones’ findings.
328. In his 1799 study, Smith ____. Other scholars such as Jones have further analyzed ____
329. Both Smith and Jones ____. However, while the former ____, the latter [58] ____