Preface
1. John Kirk, José Martí: Mentor of the Cuban Nation.
2. Peter Turton, José Martí: Architect of Cuba’s Freedom.
Part 1: Writings on the Americas
The Memorial Meeting in Honor of Karl Marx
1. Henry George (1839–97): American economist and reformer who argued that poverty could be overcome through a single tax on land.
Dedication of the Statue of Liberty
1. Marquis de Lafayette (1757–1834) was a French general who fought in the American revolution.
2. Count Jean-Baptiste de Rochambeau was commander-in-chief of the French troops and François Joseph Paul de Grasse commanded the French fleet sent to assist the American colonists in the War of Independence.
3. Marquis Charles Cornwallis commanded British forces during the War of Independence.
4. The statue had been sculpted by Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi (1834–1904).
5. The statue was originally proposed by French jurist and politician Edouard René de Laboulaye (1811–83).
6. David Glasgow Farrugut (1801–70): a naval commander during the American war against Mexico and the Civil War.
7. Viscount Ferdinand de Lesseps (1805–94): French diplomat and financier who built the Suez Canal but failed to build a canal across Panama.
The Funeral of the Haymarket Martyrs
1. Louis Antoine Saint-Just (1767–94): French revolutionary follower of Robespierre.
2. Camille Desmoulins (1760–94): French revolutionary and journalist who led the march on the Bastille in 1789.
3. Montezuma II was the last Aztec emperor who died in 1520 during the Spanish conquest of Mexico by Hernán Cortés.
Mother America
1. The liberation of Latin America from Spanish rule began in Caracas, Venezuela in 1810. By 1889, only Cuba and Puerto Rico remained colonies.
2. Benito Juárez (1806–72) was born of Indian parents and was President of Mexico, 1861–71.
3. Cochabamba, Peru, was the site of an armed uprising against Spain in 1730.
4. José de Antequera protested against the power of the Jesuits and led an independence movement in Paraguay in 1767.
5. Tomás de Torquemada (1420–98): first Spanish Inquisitor-General, renowned for his cruelty.
6. Antonio de Nariño was a Colombian independence fighter.
7. Ignatius de Loyola (1491–1556) was the founder of the Jesuit order.
8. Bernadino Rivadavia (1780–1845): leader of the Argentine independence movement and first president of the Argentine Republic.
Our America
1. A reference to Father Miguel Hidalgo, guerrilla leader José María Morelos and Doña Josefa Ortiz de Domínguez (wife of the chief magistrate of Querétaro).
2. San Martín and Simón Bolívar.
3. Augustín Iturbide (1783–1824): Mexican independence leader who was briefly declared emperor.
San Martín
1. In 1813 San Martín won a major victory over loyalist forces in the Argentine province of Salta.
2. San Martín was appointed governor of Cuyo in September 1814.
3. Bernardo O’Higgins (1780–1846): independence fighter in Argentina and Chile.
4. San Martín was named Protector after Peru’s independence was proclaimed July 28, 1821.
With All, for the Good of All
1. Common Cuban rodent.
The Cuban Revolutionary Party
1. The first Cuban War of Independence began with the “Cry of Yara” on October 10, 1868, when plantation owner Carlos Manuel de Céspedes proclaimed the island’s independence and freed and armed his slaves.
Simón Bolívar
1. Bolívar won a decisive victory at the Battle of Boyacá on August 7, 1819.
2. Bolívar captured the silver-rich region of Bolivia, Potosí, from the Spanish on April 4, 1825, which signaled the end of Spain’s colonial rule in South America.
3. Tupac Amaru led an unsuccessful Indian uprising in Peru in 1781.
4. Juan Facundo Quiroga was a dictator of Argentina.
5. Augustín Morales was assassinated while President of Bolivia.
6. Venezuelan, Chilean, Colombian and Argentine revolutionary forces united against Spain to win the battle of Ayacucho (December 9, 1824).
7. José Félix Ribas was Bolívar’s uncle who fought in the liberation movement.
8. José Antonio de Sucre was Bolívar’s lieutenant who commanded the revolutionary troops at Ayacucho.
9. Manuel Carlos Piar, a mulatto from Curaçao, fought with Bolívar but was later executed as a deserter.
10. José Antonio Páez (1790–1873): Venezuelan leader, who was made General-in-Chief by Bolívar after the victory at Carabobo.
11. José Córdoba was one of the commanders at the battle of Ayacucho (1824).
12. Bolívar’s forces, under Páez, defeated the Spanish at Carabobo, June 24, 1821.
13. Site of a battle between Bolívar and Spanish troops.
Campaign Diary
1. Maisí is the eastern point of the island of Cuba.
Part 2: Letters
To the Editor of the Evening Post
1. This letter was published in the New York Evening Post, March 25, 1889. It was written in English.
To Manuel Mercado
1. Martínez Campos was the commander of Spanish armed forces during the first Cuban War of Independence (1868–78) and was recalled to Cuba when the revolution began in 1895.
2. It is supposed that Martí stopped writing this letter to continue it later, but he could never finish it.