INDEX
A
Accountability for Tax Dollars Act of 2002
Accounting, Federal
basis for
budgetary
congressional allocations, nature of
congressional authorizations and appropriations
GAO decisions
other spending authority
prohibitions
federal allowances, nature of
federal entity allotments, nature of
federal obligations, nature of
expenditures
legal form for
other conditions for
recording
fund
OMB apportionment, nature of
proprietary accounting
accrual
for assets
for costs
for disbursements
for expenses
for liabilities
for revenues or receipts
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)
auditing standards, U.S.
AU 312.62
AU 314
AU 314.41
AU 318
AU 325.06
AU 325.07
AU 402
AU-C 200
AU-C, 240.15
AU-C, 315.06
AU-C, 315.11
AU-C 330.04
AU-C 501
generally accepted auditing standards (GAAS)
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
Anti-Deficiency Act
noncompliance consequences
objective
Section 3679 audit considerations
Association of Government Accountants (AGA)
Public Attitudes toward Government Accountability and Transparency (survey)
Redefining Accountability: Recovery Act Practices and Opportunities (research report)
Attestation reports
on agreed-upon procedures
practical consideration
government standards, additional
fieldwork
reporting
on internal controls
on management’s assertions
feasibility of engagement, determining
internal controls and related testing
practical consideration
reporting
standards
fieldwork
general
reporting
Audit and attest engagements, types of
financial-related audits
settlement audits
Audit criteria, Federal
Accountability for Tax Dollars Act of 2002
Anti-Deficiency Act
noncompliance consequences
objective
Section 3679 audit considerations
Budget and Accounting Act of 1921
audit and examinations of the government and others
Budget and Accounting Procedures Act of 1950
audit principles and standards
Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990
agency CFOs and deputy CFOs
annual independent audits
CFO “applicable accounting principles”
CFO responsibilities
concerns of Congress
Federal financial statements
financial policy and OMB
other changes
Department of Homeland Security Financial Accountability Act of 2004
Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990
Federal Financial Management Improvement Act of 1996 (FFMIA)
compliance, auditing and reporting
Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006
Federal Managers Financial Integrity Act of 1982
Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA)
definitions
need for
Impoundment Control Act of 1974
Improper Payment Information Act of 2002
Inspector General Act of 1978
Single Audit Act of 1984
additional “standards” for
application
audits of federal grantees, historical problems with
scope of, as amended
working papers
Supplemental Appropriation Act of 1951
U.S. Constitution
budget and financial management laws, major
congressional authorizing legislation
Federal budget defined
financial authority
Audit, planning
continuous
documenting
account risk analysis
audit strategy/plan
Gantt chart
Federal auditees
assessing the agency’s control environment
learning the agency’s business
initial approach, developing
establishing materiality
establishing rules of engagement
identifying significant accounts
knowledge gaps, planning to fill
models and checklists
team meetings
techniques and sources of information
audit and consulting reports and working papers
Circular A-123 documentation
documenting understanding
historical and interim accounting information
internal guidance
internally developed documentation
management and operating personnel
Audit model, Federal
agency financial statements
audit evidence
audit tests, procedures, and activities
checklists and models
discreditable acts
Government Auditing Standards
management’s assertions
materiality
defined
pervasiveness of
qualitative
phases of Federal audits
Phase I: planning the audit
Phase II: understand and evaluate internal controls
Phase III: test controls, transactions, account, and account groups
Phase IV: reporting audit conclusions, audit results, and auditor’s opinion
sampling
Audit testing
information technology considerations
internal controls
determining which controls to test
procedures
transaction accuracy, ineffectiveness of testing for
walk-throughs and
outsourcing accounting and data services
sampling
analyzing universe
ensuring completeness of universe
relationship of control testing to substantive testing
statistical
substantive tests
analytical procedures
validating account balances
types of
compliance with laws and regulations
controls
substantive
Auditing, Federal, background of
auditing the Federal Government, definition and scope
auditing and government
standard-setting agencies
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA)
Government Accountability Office (GAO)
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
Offices of Federal Inspectors General
types of governmental audits
attest engagements
financial
performance
Auditing standards, U.S.
AU 312.62
AU 314
AU 314.41
AU 318
AU 402
AU-C 200
AU-C 240.15
AU-C, 315.06
AU-C, 315.11
AU-C 330.04
AU-C 501
recent developments in
2006 standards
Federal guidance
B
Balance sheet
accounting for assets
accounting for liabilities
accounting for net position of Federal entity
classifications in
Budget and Accounting Act of 1921
audit and examinations of the government and others
Budget and Accounting Procedures Act of 1950
amendments to
Budgetary accounting
C
Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990
agency CFOs and deputy CFOs
annual independent audits
CFO “applicable accounting principles”
CFO responsibilities
concerns of Congress
Federal financial statements
financial policy and OMB
other changes
Chief Financial Officers Council (CFOC)
Chief Information Officers Council (CIOC)
Clarity Project
Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996
Cloud computing
Committee of Sponsoring Organizations (COSO) of the Treadway Commission
Internal Control—Integrated Framework
Congressional Budget and Impoundment Act
Congressional Budget Office (CBO), role in federal budget
Consolidation Appropriations Act of 2005, Division H, Section 522
Contracts
audits
responsibility for
congressional
Cost Accounting Standards Board (CASB)
Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA)
General Services Administration (GSA)
Government Accountability Office (GAO)
individual contracting agencies
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
types
Cost Accounting Standards Board (CASB)
Council of Inspectors General for Integrity and Efficiency (CIGIE)
D
Defense Contract Audit Agency (DCAA)
Department of Defense (DoD)
Department of Homeland Security Financial Accountability Act of 2004
Department of the Treasury
E
E-Government Act of 2002
End-of-audit, quality control, and reporting procedures
auditor’s reports, illustrative
final critique of audit plan, programs, and procedures
independent auditor’s reports, issuing
on compliance
on financial statements
on internal controls
legal representation letters
management letters
management representation letters
quality control review and validation
audit documentation
independence
staff assignment, supervision, and competence
special-purpose report
illustrative
F
Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board (FASAB)
Federal budget
cycle
phase I: budget preparation phase
phase II: congressional action phase
phase III: budget execution phase
defined
PPPBS, ZBB, and MBO concepts
planning, programming, and budgeting system
Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990
Federal Financial Management Improvement Act of 1996 (FFMIA)
compliance, auditing and reporting
Federal financial management policy, major legislation to establish
Federal Funding Accountability and Transparency Act of 2006
Federal Grants and Cooperative Agreement Act of 1977
Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA)
Federal Information System Controls Audit Manual (FISCAM)
Federal Managers Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA) of 1982
Federal Risk and Authorization Management Program (FedRAMP)
Financial Audit Manual (FAM)
major changes to
Section 580.32
Financial audits
financial statement
other audits, review, and examinations
Financial and internal control reporting, Federal
assessing internal control over financial reporting
emerging issues
achieving government-wide audit opinion
developing information to support decision making
enhancing financial reporting
leveraging technology to audit more effectively
emphasis on internal control over financial reporting
Federal financial statements
accelerated audit and reporting schedule
current
FY 2012 results by agency
internal control over financial reporting, assertions relating to
internal control standards
reporting by federal agencies
GAO’s Government Auditing Standards
OMB internal control deficiencies
Financial-related audits
Financial statements, Federal
accounting principles for Federal entities, hierarchy of
balance sheet
accounting for assets
accounting for liabilities
accounting for net position of Federal entity
classifications in
Federal Government’s accounting hierarchy
Federal reporting entity
breadth of accountability
limitations of appropriation, cash basis accounting
government-wide
basis of accounting for U.S. statements
checklist
content of consolidated U.S. statements
format of consolidated U.S. statements
management discussion and analysis
reporting by departments, agencies, and government as a whole
government corporations
performance and accountability reports
reporting, historical emphasis of
required supplementary stewardship information
statement of budgetary resources
statement of changes in net position
financing sources, classifications of
statement of custodial activity
statement of net cost
statement of social insurance/changes in social insurance amounts
Fund accounting
G
Gantt chart
General Services Administration (GSA)
Generally accepted auditing standards (GAAS)
Government Accountability Office (GAO)
decisions governing Federal appropriations
definition of performance auditing
Federal Information System Controls Audit Manual (FISCAM)
Financial Audit Manual (FAM)
major changes to
Section 580.32
Government Auditing Standards (Yellow Book)
and grant reviews
Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government (Green Book)
Government Auditing Standards (Yellow Book)
examples of materiality in
Government Corporation Control Act (GCCA) of 1945
Government Management and Reform Act of 1994
Government Performance and Results Act of 1993 (GPRA)
definitions
need for
Grant audits
cooperative agreements
events requiring accounting entries
cash advances
expenditure reports
grant agreement
grant applications
grant authorization
schedule and voucher of payments
Federal
audits of agency management
methodology of audits of
grant types
grantees, audits of
allowable costs criteria
policies
tests of Federal grant compliance policies and regulations
types of
grants defined
responsibility for grants
congressional
controls for grants-in-aid
Government Accountability Office (GAO)
grants-in-aid process
individual Federal grantor agencies
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
Green Book. See Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government
I
Impoundment Control Act of 1974
Improper Payment Information Act of 2002
Improper Payments Improvement Act (IPIA)
Independent auditor’s reports, issuing
on compliance
nature of
special, additional report
on financial statements
agency, elements of
audit opinions on Federal financial statements
on internal controls
Federal agency
on special-purpose financial statements, illustrative
Information Technology Management Reform Act (ITMRA)
Information technology (IT) systems, auditing and evaluating
audit and information assurance services, growing demand for
audit process
phase I—planning
phase II—testing
phase III—reporting
key laws and regulations on information security, understanding
Clinger-Cohen Act of 1996
E-Government Act of 2002
FFMIA and FMFIA
FISMA
OMB Circulars
privacy and expanded requirements
business process application controls
methodologies and standards
OMB circulars and memoranda on privacy
privacy acts and guidance
Statement on Standards for Attestation Engagements (SSAE)
security, understanding need for
Inspector General Act of 1978
Internal controls. See also Financial and internal control reporting, Federal
audit testing of
determining which controls to test
procedures
transaction accuracy, ineffectiveness of testing for
walk-throughs and
documenting
completing and documenting auditor’s understanding of
controls, definitions, and requirements
evaluation requirements
Federal guidance
Federal standard setters
historical perspective
reporting by federal agencies
risks, assessing and evaluating
account-level
additional OMB requirements
approach, finalizing and documenting
auditing procedures, developing
definitions and classifications of
levels of
threats, identifying
vulnerabilities, identifying
standards
Internal Control—Integrated Framework (COSO)
J
Joint Financial Management Improvement Program (JFMIP)
K
Kearney & Company, P.C.
M
Management audits
Management discussion and analysis
N
National Defense Authorization Act of 2010
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
security areas
SP 800-146
O
Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
apportionment, nature of
audit requirements for Federal financial statements (Bulletins 06-08 and 07-04)
Bulletin 01-02
Bulletin 06-03
Bulletin 07-04
Circular A-11
Circular A-21
Circular A-87
Circular A-122
Circular A-123
Appendix A
auditee documentation pursuant to
Circular A-127
Circular A-129
Circular A-130
Appendix I
Appendix III
Circular A-133
Circular A-136
circulars and bulletins
circulars and memoranda on privacy
Circular A-130, Appendix I
Memorandum M-03-22
Memorandum M-06-16
Memorandum M-06-19
Memorandum M-07-16
Memorandum Recommendations for Identify Theft Related Data Breach Notification
internal control deficiencies
Memorandum M-09-15
Memorandum M-10-26
regulations relating to grant awards
requirements for assessing internal controls
role in federal budget
Office of Personnel Management (OPM)
Offices of Federal Inspectors General
Operational audits
P
Performance audits
conducting
elusive scopes and changing views
general standards
collective competence of audit teams
independence
professional judgment
quality control and assurance
fieldwork standards
documentation
obtaining sufficient and appropriate evidence
planning
supervision
orientation phase
ad hoc database
conducting a survey
origin and credits
process
report of audit
reporting standards
content of reports
distributing reports
written reports
risks and issues, reviewing
structuring
audits for economy, efficiency, and effectiveness
different and elusive criteria
Planning, programming, and budgeting system (PPBS)
Privacy acts and guidance
Consolidation Appropriations Act of 2005, Division H, Section 522
Privacy Act of 1974
Procurement audits
cost criteria, allowable and unallowable
costs, allowable, unallowable, and indirect
of direct and other contract costs
external contract
factors to consider in planning
postaward surveys
preaward surveys
pricing reviews
Procurements, Federal
accounting
accrued costs
accrued expenditures
obligations incurred
agency units involved
accounting section
contractor or vendor
contracts office or procurement section
program office or allottee
Treasury Department
forms, key
cash advances
contract document
financial expenditure reports and invoices
procurement request and authorization
request for proposal or bids or quotes
schedule and voucher of payments
submitted proposals or bids
process
Proprietary accounting
accrual
for assets
for costs
for disbursements
for expenses
for liabilities
for revenues or receipts
Public Attitudes toward Government Accountability and Transparency (AGA survey)
Public Company Accounting and Oversight Board (PCAOB)
Q
Quality control and assurance standard
Quality control review and validation
audit documentation
independence
staff assignment, supervision, and competence
assignments and responsibilities
continuing professional education
supervision
R
Recovery and Transparency Oversight Board (RATB)
Redefining Accountability: Recovery Act Practices and Opportunities (AGA research report)
Reports Consolidation Act
S
Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX)
Settlement audits
Single Audit Act of 1984
additional “standards” for
application
audits of federal grantees, historical problems with
scope of, as amended
working papers
Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government (Green Book)
Statement of budgetary resources
Statement of changes in net position
financing sources, classifications of
Statement of custodial activity
Statement of net cost
Statement on Quality Control Standards (SQCS) 8
Statement of social insurance/changes in social insurance amounts
Statements on Auditing Standards
SAS 78
SAS 82
SAS 88
SAS 90
SAS 94
SAS 102
impact on GAGAS
practical considerations
SAS 103
SAS 104–111
documenting audit process based on audit evidence
executing the audit
SAS 109
SAS 110
SAS 112–114
Statements of Federal Financial Accounting Standards
SFFAS 21
SFFAS 34
Statements on Standards for Attestation Engagements (SSAE)
Supplemental Appropriations Act
Y
Yellow Book. See Government Auditing Standards