Arigatou gozaimasu: a polite way of saying “thank you”
Bakamono: idiot, fool
Bō-hiya: fire arrows
Gaijin: foreigner, literally meaning “outsider”
Hakama: wide pants worn over a kimono
Haori: a wide-sleeved jacket worn over a kimono
Inoshishi: a Japanese wild boar
Kamisori: a traditional type of straight razor used for shaving
Kanpai: “cheers” said before drinking
Katana: the longer sword used for fighting
Ndamoshitan: Kagoshima/Satsuma dialect meaning “oh my,” “what?” or “seriously?”
Noren: fabric curtains used as dividers, often painted with words when used in restaurants or shops
Ohayou: an informal way to say “good morning.” Adding gozaimasu makes it more polite
Oi wa omansa ga wazze sujja: Kagoshima/Satsuma dialect meaning “I like you a lot”
Oniisan/oneesan: friendly, polite terms used for a young man and young woman, respectively
Onsen: a natural hot spring
Sensei: teacher, instructor
Seppuku: ritual suicide
Shinseifu: the new government, established after the Meiji Restoration in 1868
Shōchū: an alcoholic beverage distilled from barley, rice, or sweet potatoes
Wakizashi: shorter sword used for close-range combat and for suicide
Washi: handmade decorative paper used for walls
Watashi wa anata no koto ga daisuki desu: standard Japanese meaning “I like you a lot”
Yōkai: a spirit or ghost of Japanese folklore