These additional supplies can make a sketching or drawing session go more smoothly.
The process of sketching and drawing can involve proportioning, which is the gauging and sizing of the subject elements. The simplest device for doing this may be the shaft of a pencil, while more accurate devices or tools include dividers and sewing gauges.
A divider is similar to a compass and can be easily adjusted to compare sizes and proportions when working from photographs.
A sewing gauge can be used in a similar manner to compare sizes and proportions when working from photographs or a live model.
A value scale shows a range of different values. Place this simple device over the drawing and the subject to compare the values while drawing the artwork.
To complete a drawing you may need to trace and transfer a structural sketch. A lightbox illuminates the image from behind, allowing you to trace a structural sketch onto drawing paper.
Another method is to transfer a structural sketch onto drawing paper with transfer paper (also called graphite paper). To use transfer paper, place it between the structural sketch and the drawing paper (on the bottom). Redraw the structural sketch with a hard lead pencil so the image is pressed onto the drawing paper.
Transfer paper can be purchased ready for use, but you can also make your own with tracing paper and a graphite pencil: Cover one side of a sheet of tracing paper with soft graphite, then wipe across the surface with a cotton ball slightly dampened with rubbing alcohol to bind the graphite to the tracing paper.
See Tracing and Transferring in Chapter 1 for more information about using a lightbox and transfer paper.
When tracing or transferring, use masking tape to adhere the sheets of paper together and keep them in place. Name brand masking tape is best because it grips the paper well and releases without tearing the paper.
Fixative bonds the line work to the paper and prevents the smearing of finished drawings. Charcoal and pastel are more prone to smearing than graphite because they are soft and powdery. Always apply fixative in a well-ventilated area.
Though a pencil will do, for more accurate proportioning, a divider or a sewing gauge can be used.
A lightbox and transfer paper are two options for transferring a structural sketch onto drawing paper.
A value scale will help you to know whether to lighten or darken your drawing.