For over a century, New Zealand has built its economy through a series of commodity-based booms – from wood and wool to beef and butter. Now the country faces new challenges. By doubling down on dairy farms, aren’t New Zealanders destroying the clean rivers and natural reputation upon which the country’s primary exports (and tourism) are based? And in a world where value is increasingly rooted in capitaland technology-intensive industries, can New Zealand really sustain its high living standards by growing grass?

This book takes readers out on to farms, orchards and vineyards, and inside the offices and factories of processors and exporters, to show how New Zealanders are answering these challenges by building The New Biological Economy. From Icebreaker to Mr Apple, from milk and merino to wine and tourism, from highend Berlin restaurants to the shelves of Sainsbury’s, innovative companies are creating high-value, unique products, rooted in particular places, and making pathways to the niche markets where they can realise that value.

The New Biological Economy poses key questions. Do dairy and tourism have a sustainable future? Can the primary industries keep growing without destroying the natural world? Does the future of New Zealand lie in high tech or in the innovations of a land-based economy?

Eric Pawson is an emeritus professor of geography at the University of Canterbury, recipient of various awards (Distinguished New Zealand Geographer Medal, 2007; National Tertiary Teaching Excellence Award, 2009; University of Canterbury Teaching Medal, 2013), and co-author or co-editor of Making A New Land: Environmental Histories of New Zealand (Otago University Press, 2013), Seeds of Empire: The Environmental Transformation of New Zealand (I.B. Tauris, 2011) and many scholarly articles.

The Biological Economies Team is: Richard Le Heron, Hugh Campbell, Matthew Henry, Erena Le Heron, Katharine Legun, Nick Lewis, Harvey C. Perkins, Michael Roche and Christopher Rosin.