Page number citations refer to the print edition.
711, year of Islamic invasion of Iberian Peninsula, ix
1031, year of final collapse of Cordoban Caliphate, xi
1085, year of Alfonso VI’s conquest of Toledo, xi
Abd al-Mumin (Almohad leader), 181
Abd al-Rahman I (founder of Spanish Umayyad dynasty), 185
Abd al-Rahman III (founder of Cordoban caliphate), 185
Abengalbón, 43–45, 75–76, 81
Abraham (biblical patriarch), 125 (n. 17)
Abu Achmed (qadi of Valencia), 113
Abu Tahir (Muslim ruler of Murcia), 109
Abu-Bakr (Almoravid leader), 181, 185
Achilles, 182 (n. 2)
Aeneas, 124
Aeneid (Latin epic), xviii, xix
Africa, xviii
Agaricae gentis (“of the Hagaritic tribe”), 125 (n. 17)
AH (abbreviation of anno Hegirae, “in the year of the Hegira”), 192
Ahmad, Abu (qadi of Valencia), 112
Al-Andalus, xi–xii, 109, 163; as caliphate (912–1031), ix;
as independent emirate (756–712), ix
al-Hakam II (Spanish Umayyad caliph), 185
Alamos, 76
Alarcos, Battle of, 181
Albarracín, xi, 43
Alcalá (town), 15, 16
Alcañiz, 27
Alcarria River, 17
Alcobiella, 14
Alcocer (town), 18, 19–20, 25–26
Alcoceva Notch, 81
Aldonza Gómez (YDR; middle daughter of Count Gómez de Gormaz), 167
Alfonso Gómez (son of Count Gómez de Gormaz), 167
Alfonso, King (Alfonso VI of Castile and León), xi–xii, 3–4, 14, 16–17, 20, 24, 26, 32, 37, 39, 40–41, 51–52, 53–59, 61–63, 80, 82–85, 87–91, 94–97, 99–101, 103, 105, 116–118, 125, 128, 130–131, 134, 136, 140–142, 146, 148, 150, 156–159, 161–163; mentioned by Ibn Bassam, 111; his decree banishing the Cid, 5; his wrath against Cid, 6
Alfonso VII, 187
Alfonso VIII, xi
Alfonso X (king of Castile), 127
Algeria, 181, 194, 195
Algiers, 185
Alhama, 17
Alhambra (Moorish palace in Granada), 191
Alilón, 14
Almanzor (Cordoban grand vizier under Hicham II), 186
Almenara, 33, 39, 120, 126
Almohads, xi
Almoravids, xi–xii, 115
Almudafar (Moorish king of Granada), 117, 161
Alphonsine school of historians, 161
Álvar Álvarez, 23, 49, 56–57, 86
Álvar Díaz, 58
Álvar Fáñez, Minaya, 13, 15–17, 19–21, 23–25, 26–28, 32, 34, 37–39, 40–42, 44–46, 49–55, 61, 63–64, 68, 70, 72–73, 75, 80–81, 85–86, 96–97, 135, 137–139
Álvar Salvadórez, 15, 23, 48–49, 56, 86
Amor, River, 81
Ampurdán, lord of (ally of Count of Barcelona), 120
Andalusia, 179
Andros (place name), 56
Anguita, Caves of, 17
Ansarera, 76
Ansur González (elder brother of Scions of Carrión), 62, 66, 94–95
Araby, kings of (mentioned in Jimena’s prayer), 12
Aragon, xii, 57, 105, 124; allied with Sancho II, 134
Aragon, prince of (suitor of Cid’s daughter), 95–96
Arbujuelo Valley, 43, 45, 75
Arias Gonzalo, 137, 144, 145, 146, 149, 150, 151, 152, 154, 155, 157
Arlanzón River, 5, 9
Arlanzón Bridge, 11
assembly convened by Alfonso, 56–57
Astures (ancient Iberian people), 183
Asturians, 134, 141, 158
Asturias, kingdom of, xi, 82, 128
Ateca, 17–18, 19–20, 25
Athena (in Homeric epic), xxi
Atienza, 76
Atlantic Ocean, 184, 186, 189, 195
Atlas Mountains, 35
Audience of epic poetry, implied, xii
Augustus (Roman emperor), 200
authorship of EC, xx
Ávila (Spanish town and province), 196
Babieca, 45–46, 49–50, 61, 69, 98–99, 176
Badajoz, 189
Bailey, Matthew (editor of Mocedades de Rodrigo), 165 (n. 23)
Balearic Islands, 183
ballads, xiv; characteristics of, 175
Balthasar (one of the Magi), 12
bandits in folklore and history, xvii
banishment of hero, 3
Banu Hud (ruling clan in Saragossa), 112
Barcelona, xi–xii, 119; county, 29
Barcelona, Count of. See Raymond (Count of Barcelona)
bard, folkloric, xx
beard, symbolic and folkloric significance of, 30, 58, 92
Belorado, 171
Beltrán, Count, 84
Benedictine Order, 187
Benicadell, 35, 39
Beowulf (Old English epic), xviii
Berbers, xi
Berlanga, 81
Bermúdez, punning significance of name, 93 (n. 26)
Bermudo III (king of León), 189
Bermudo Laínez (ancestor of Cid; HR), 116
Besalú, lord of, 120
Bethlehem, 12
Biscayans, 134
breeches, as gift, 9
Bronchales, 43
Bubierca, 17
Búcar (King of Morocco), 67, 69–72
Bulcor of Sepúlveda (Moorish sheik; YDR), 171
Burgos, xi, xii, 4–6, 10, 25, 43–44, 56, 80, 88, 142–143, 159, 199
Burgos of Ayllon (Moorish chieftain; YDR), 171–173
Burriana, 33
Cabezón, 133, 143
Cabra, castle of, 92, 117, 125, 137; Battle of, 185
Cáceres, 189
Calatayud, 18–20, 23, 25–26
Caliphate of Cordoba, xi, 186
Calvary, 12
Camino de Santiago. See Way of Saint James
Campeador (meaning of epithetic title), xxi, xxiii–xxiv
Campidoctor (epithetic Latin title of Cid), xiii, xxiii
Campo Taranza, 202
Canon Law, 95 (n. 28)
Cantabrian Sea, 183
cantar (“song”; medieval Spanish term for epic poem), ix, xxi
Cantar de Mio Cid (Spanish title of EC), ix
Carcassone, lord of, 120
Carmen Campidoctoris (Latin title of SC), 123 (n. 13)
Carrión, 39, 67, 71, 73–76, 88–90, 99, 104; de los Condes (present-day Spanish town), 186; plain of, 97; River, 141; counts of, 40, 73
Caspar (one of the Magi), 12
Castejón (modern Castejón de Henares), 15–17, 186
Castejón (modern Castellón de la Plana, Catalonian city), 39, 187
Castejón de las Armas, 180
Castile, xii, 3, 8–9, 11, 14, 21, 25–26, 28, 37, 44, 51, 74, 82, 116, 124, 128, 131, 134, 163, 168, 171
Castilians, 56, 84, 134, 138, 139, 158
castles, wooden, used in mock warfare, 64
Castro Nuño, 148
Catalan (Romance language), 199
Catalonia, 124
Catholic Kings (Ferdinand and Isabella, so-called), xi
cavallero, meaning of in EC, xii–xxiii
Cebolla, 34, 39
Cella de Canal, 20, 26, 35
Cellorigo (province), 116
Cetina, 17
chansons de geste (French epic genre), xix
Charlemagne, 29 (n. 10)
Charles Martel (founder of Carolingian dynasty), 186
chests, used to trick moneylenders, 6–8
chivalry, xxiii
Christina (daughter of historical Cid), xii, 176 (n. 26), 193
Chronicle of Twenty Kings (Crónica de veinte reyes), 3, 67 (n. 20), 161
Cid, the. See Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar
“Cid and the Moorish King, The” (ballad), 175
Cid poet, xix
Cinca River, 120
Ciudad Real, 196
Coimbra (Portuguese city), 190, 143, 194
Colada, 30, 70, 74, 78, 88–90, 100, 102
combat, judicial, 65 (n. 19), 101–103
composition of epic, methods of, xxi
concordance of verbal tenses, inconsistency of in EC, xii
Constance, Queen (wife of Alfonso VI), 84 (n. 23)
Cordoba, ix, 117; Christian conquest of (1236), xi
Corneille (author of Le Cid), xiv
Corpes, Oakgrove of, 65, 77–78, 80, 83, 88, 91
court of justice (convened by Alfonso), 84, 88
Covadonga, Battle of, 198
crow, flight of, as omen, 3–4
Cuenca (Spanish town and province), 193, 196
Cullera, 34–35, 50, 193
Curiel (province), 116
Daniel, in lion’s den, 12
Daroca, 26
Denia, xi, 34, 119
Diego (son of Arias Gonzalo), 157
Diego González, 32, 54, 94, 102–103
Diego Laínez (father of Cid), 116, 166–170, 198
Diego Ordóñez, 148, 149, 157
Diego Pérez, 117, 162
Diego Téllez, 80
direct address of EC poet to audience, xii
Dozy, Reinhart (Dutch Arabist), 109
duel, judicial, 65 (n. 19)
Duero River, 14, 80, 143, 149, 153, 171
Ebro River, 124, 128
Egypt, 184
El Cid, film (1963), xiv
electrum (alloy of gold and silver), 126
Elpha, 77
Elvira (daughter of epic Cid), 176
Elvira (younger daughter of Fernando I), xi, 128, 142, 146
Elvira Gómez (in YDR, eldest daughter of Count Gómez de Gormaz), 167
Enzón, Count, 137
Epic of the Cid, ix, xxi; date of composition, xiv; importance of the law in, xv; compared to other epics, xviii
epic poetry, defined, xviii; primary, xix; French, xix; Greek, xx; secondary, xix, xxi
epithets, in epic composition, xxi, xxiii
Escarp, castle of, 120
Escobar, Ángel (co-editor of Carmen Campidoctor), 123
Esgueva River, 203
Eucharistic Fast, 95 (n. 28)
Extremadurans (allies of Sancho II), 134
Fagib, al-, 126
Fagles, Robert (translator of Homer), xvii
Falque, Emma (editor of Historia Roderici), 115
Fáriz (Moorish king), 23, 25
Fariza (place name), 17
Félix Muñoz (nephew of the Cid), 23, 75, 78–79, 86
Ferdinand II of Aragon, 183
Fernán González, Count (founder of independent Castile), 187
Fernán Laínez (ancestor of the Cid; HR), 116
Fernando Gómez (son of Count Gómez de Gormaz), 167
Fernando González (one of the Scions of Carrión), 32, 54, 67–68, 91–93, 102
Fernando I (king of Castile and León), xi, 128–131, 142, 145, 156, 158, 168, 171
Fernando III, xi
feudalism, meaning of, 4 (n. 5)
feudum (Latin term), 4 (n. 5)
Fez (Moroocan city), 181
fief, meaning of, 4 (n. 5)
fifth, share of plunder reserved for the king, 16
Figueruela, 14
First General Chronicle (Primera crónica general), 127, 161
Fletcher, Richard, xiii, 109 (n. 2)
folklore and theory of epic composition, xii
formulaic language, xxi
Fortún Sánchez, 117
fosterage, 59 (n. 15)
France, epic tradition of, xx
Frankish realm, 29
Froila, Count, 84
Fuentedueña, 171
Gabriel, the angel, in Cid’s dream, 14
Galicia, xi, 74, 128, 130, 136, 142; counts of, 82
Galician (Romance language), 199
Galicians, 56, 84, 141, 158; Muslim designation for Iberian Christians, 110 (n. 4)
Galindo García, 15, 23, 57, 86
Gallaecia (Roman province), 190
Gallocanta Pass, 28
Galve (Moorish king), 23
García de Cabra. See García Ordoñez
García IV (king of Navarre), 189
García Ordóñez (archenemy of the Cid), 32, 39, 52–53, 58, 84, 87–88, 92, 100, 117, 125, 132–133, 137, 148, 150, 155–156, 162
García, King (youngest son of Fernando I), xi, 128, 130–132, 134–140, 146
García (king of Pamplona), 117
Gate of the Sandpit, 153–154
Gaul, 190, 203
Genoa, xii
genre, verification of, with regard to EC, xvii
Germanic law, 65 (n. 19)
Germany, xviii
Gibraltar, Strait of, xi, 195
gift-giving, 8
Gil, Juan (editor of HR), 115
girl, nine-year-old (in Burgos), 5
Golgotha, 12
Golpejera, xi, 116, 140, 141
Gómez de Gormaz, Count, 166, 167
Gómez Peláez (Leonese noble, ally of the Vanigómez), 97
Gomiel (place name), 171
Gonzalo Ansúrez (father of the Scions of Carrión), 65, 70, 103
Google Books, 128
Gormaz, Castle of, 80–81, 166
Goths, 129, 131
Granada, 117, 161, 162, 191; conquest of by Catholic Kings, xi
Grañón (town), 171
Grañón, curly-haired man of. See García Ordóñez Graus (castle), 116
Griza (town), 76
Guadalajara, 15–16, 188, 196, 202
Guadalquivir River, 200
Hagar (concubine of Abraham), 125 (n. 17)
Haro, 166, 169
Hayib, al-, 119–121
Hegira, 192
Hélie de Semur-en-Brionnais (mother of Constance of Burgundy), 187–188
Henares River, 15–17, 84
Henry, Count (Henry of Burgundy), 84–85, 87–88, 98
Herod Agrippa (New Testament character), 200
Heston, Charleton (star of film El Cid), xiv
Hicham II, 186
Hijri Calendar (Islamic calendar), 192
Hill of the Cid, 27
Hispanic era, 105 (n. 31)
History of Rodrigo (Historia Roderici), 115
Hita (town), 16
Hobsbawm, Eric, xvi
Holinshed (English chronicler), 128
Holy Trinity, 68
Homer, xvii; and epithets, xxi
Homeric epic, xix
horses, importance of, 24, 26, 39, 51–53, 57, 60–61
Huerta (fertile district near Valencia), 47
Huesa (town), 33
Huesca, 27–28
Ibn Alquama, xiii
Ibn Bassam (Hispano-Arabic chronicler), 109
Ibn Ghaldun (historical personage probably corresponding to EC’s Abengalbón), 179
Ibn Tûmart, Muhammad (founder of Almohad movement), 180
Ibn Yasin, Abdallah (Almoravid leader), 181
Iliad (Greek epic), xviii
illiteracy, possible, of Cid poet, xxi
India, xviii
Indian epic, xix
individualist model of epic composition, xx
infante, meaning of, 32
Infantes de Carrión (Spanish name of Scions of Carrión), 32 (n. 12)
infanzón (noble of lowest rank), xi, 95
Íñigo Jiménez (emissary of Prince of Navarre), 95–96
Isabel I of Castile, 183
Ishmael, son of Abraham (traditional ancestor of Arabian peoples), 125 (n. 17)
Isidore, Saint, 39, 85, 88, 130
Italian (Romance language), 199
Jalón River, 18, 20, 25, 44–45, 75–76
James I of Aragon, 115
James, Saint (patron saint of Christian Spain), 200
Japan, xviii
Játiva, 34–36
Jérica, 33, 39
Jerome, Bishop, 38, 43–46, 48–49, 51, 56, 58, 64, 68–69, 72, 86
Jerusalem, 200
Jesus Christ, 47, 135
Jews in Visigothic Spain, 204
Jiloca River, 20
Jimena Díaz (wife of the Cid), xi, xviii, 10–12, 39, 41–42, 46–48, 50–52, 57, 62–63, 72, 82, 85, 117. See also Jimena Gómez
Jimena Gómez (youngest daughter of Count Gómez de Gormaz; YDR), 165, 168, 170, 176
John, Saint, Gospel of, 193
Júcar River, 36
Keturah (mother of Midian), 126 (n. 18)
King’s-Ford, 81
knight, meaning of, xii
knighthood, xxiii
La Rioja (Spanish province), 196
La Torre, 80
Laín Calvo (ancestor of Cid), 116, 166
Laín Fernández, 116
Laín Núñez, 116
language, of EC, xvii; repetitious, in EC, xxi
Lattimore, Richmond (translator of Homer), xvii
law, importance of, in EC, xv–xvi
Lazarus, 12
Le Cid (play by Corneille), xiv
left-hand side, significance of, 4 (n. 4)
León, x–xi, 74, 82, 84, 128–129, 134, 142, 187
Leonese, 56, 134, 141
Lérida, xi, 126
Lerma, 171
Libya, 181, 194
Limousin (Occitanian language), 199
linguists and theory of epic composition, xii
lion, incident of, 66, 93–94
literacy, of Cid poet, xxi
litigation, 86
Llantada, 140
Logroño, 196
Longinus (New Testament character), 13
Lope Sánchez, 117, 162
Lord, Albert (author of The Singer of Tales), xix–xx
Loren, Sophia (co-star of film El Cid), xiv
Luna, castle of, 116, 139, 140
Luzón Mountains, 75
Ma’mun, al-, 157
Madrid, 184
Maghreb, 181
Magi (New Testament characters), 12, 182
Mal Anda, 86
Malaga, ix
Mamun, al- (king of Toledo), 142 manuscript of EC, missing opening page of, 3
María (daughter of historical Cid), xii, 176 (n. 26), 193
Mark, Saint, Gospel of, 193
Marrakesh, 181–182
marriage of Cid’s daughters, arranged by Alfonso, 59–60
Martín Antolínez, 5–11, 23, 43–44, 56, 80, 86, 89, 94, 99, 102–103
Martín Muñoz, 23, 56, 86
Martín River, 27
Mary, mother of Jesus, 9, 11–12, 37, 47–48, 65, 72
Matamoros (Spanish nickname of Saint James the Greater), 200
Matthew, Saint, Gospel of, 193
Mauritania, 194
Maya, Antonio (editor of Historia Roderici), 115 (n. 11)
Mecca, 192
Medina (Spanish town), 75, 81
Medina (Arabian city), 192
Medina de Rioseco, 144–145
Medinaceli, 40, 42–43, 45, 194
Melchior (one of the Magi), 12
Menéndez Pidal, Ramón (Spanish philologist), 127–128
Mérida, 189
meter, poetic, xii
Michael, Ian (British Hispanist), 180
Midian (son of Abraham by Keturah), 126 (n. 18)
Midianites, 126 (n. 18)
Miedes Mountains, 14
miller’s fees (slanderously associated with Cid), 95
mills, historical association with infazones, 95 (n. 27)
Milton, John, xix
Minaya, meaning of, 182
Minaya Álvar Fáñez. See Álvar Fáñez, Minaya
Moabites (Christian name for Almoravids), 115
Mocedades de Rodrigo (Spanish title of Youthful Deeds of Rodrigo), 165
Molina, 26, 43, 45, 75, 81
Molina de Aragón (modern Spanish town), 179, 94
Monreal, 26, 35
Monreal del Campo (modern Spanish town), 194
Montalbán, 28, 33
Montaner, Alberto, 104 (n. 30), 123
Montemor-o-Velho (modern Portuguese town), 194
Montes Claros (Spanish range), 76
Monzón (town and castle), 27, 119–120
Moor, Spanish-speaking (vassal of Abengalbón), 76
Moorish king (in ballad of “The Cid and the Moorish King”) 176–177
Moors, 27, 48
Moradillo (province), 116
Moriscos, 196
Mormojón (province), 116
Morocco, 47–48, 67, 72
Munia Mayor (mother of Fernando I), 189
Muño Gustioz, 42, 43, 44, 56, 62, 82, 83, 86, 95, 99
Muqtadir, al-, 119
Murviedro, 33–35, 39
musical performance, evidence of in EC, xxi
Musta’in, al-, 111–112
Mutamid, al-, 117–118, 162
Mutamin, al-, 119, 120, 121
Nájera, 128, 191
names, proper, xxiii
Nava del Grillo, 171
Navapalos, 14
Navarre, 105
Navarese, 134, 158
Navarre, prince of (suitor of Cid’s daughters), 95–96
Navas de Tolosa, Battle of, x, 181
Nuño (townsman of Zamora), 147
Nuño Álvarez de Amaya, 166
Nuño de Lara, Count, 137
Nuño Laínez (ancestor of Cid), 116
Occitanian dialects, 199
Odysseus (Homeric character), xxi
Odyssey (Greek epic), xviii
Ojarra (emissary of Prince of Navarre), 95–96
Old Castilian language, ix
Olocau, 33; Pass, 33
omen, flight of crow as, 3; significance of, 4 (n. 4)
Onda, 33, 39
oral-formulaic theory of epic, xix
oral-traditionalist model of epic composition, xx
Ordoño, Count, 148
Osorio, Count, 168, 170
Oviedo, 821
Palencia, 117, 196, 201
Paradise Lost, as secondary epic, xix
parias, 17 (n. 6)
Paris (Greek hero), 124
Parry-Lord theory of oral-formulaic epic composition, xx
Parry, Milman, and oral-formulaic theory, xix
patriarchy, xvi
patronymics (Old Spanish naming system), 182 (n. 2)
Pax Domini (“Peace of the Lord”), 95 (n. 28)
payments in kind (made by Scions of Carrión to Cid), 91
Pedro (son of Arias Gonzalo), 157
Pedro Ansúrez, 146
Pedro Bermúdez (nephew and vassal of Cid), xv–xvi, 19, 21–22, 42, 44, 52–56, 62, 67–68, 80–81, 86, 89, 92–93, 99, 102
Pelagius (Pelayo; semilegendary founder of Asturian kingdom), 183, 198
Peña Falcón, 171 Peñafiel, 171
peón (“foot soldier”), compared to cavallero, xxiii
Per Abbat, 105
performance of epic poetry, xii, xx–xxi
Périgord (French province), 193
Pico d’Aneto (highest peak of Pyrenees range), 197
Pisa, xii
Pisuerga River, 128, 203
place names, English-language versions of, xxiii
Porto (Portuguese city), 189
Portugal, 130, 137, 142
Portuguese, subjects of King Alfonso, 84; Romance language, 199
prayer, Jimena’s, 12, 13
Primitive Rebels (Hobsbawm book), xvi
Provençal (Occitanian dialect), 199
Pyrrhus (legendary Greek hero, son of Achilles; also known as Neoptolemus), 124
Quinea Road, 14
quito, meaning of, 104–105 (n. 30)
Raquel and Vidas, xvi, 6–9, 42
Raymond of Burgundy, 84–85, 87–91, 98
Raymond (Count of Barcelona), xii, 28–31, 126
Reconquest, The (Christian campaign of expansion into Al-Andalus), xi
Redecilla, 171
repetition, as indicator of epic performance, xii
Robert I (Duke of Burgundy), 187
Robin Hood, xvi–xvii
Robledo de Corpes (modern Spanish town), 188
Rodrigo (last king of Spanish Visigoths), 113
Rodrigo (son of Arias Gonzalo), 157
Rodrigo Álvarez (maternal grandfather of Cid), 116
Rodrigo Bermúdez (ancestor of Cid), 116
Rodrigo Díaz de Vivar (the Cid), xi–xii, xiv–xviii, 3–4 Abengalbón, friendship with, 44–46, 75–76; accusations against, 7; alférez (constable) of Sancho II, xi; Alfonso, relationship with, 5; altruism of, xvi; ancestry of, in HR, 116; in YDR, 166; banishment of, by Alfonso VI, 3, 12, 119, 125, 164; banishment of, by Sancho II, 147; beard, importance of, 25, 37, 87, 92, 98, 104; biography of, 198–199; bravery and prowess in battle, 24, 51, 69–71, 124, 126, 141, 167; burial of, at monastery of San Pedro de Cardeña, xii; calumny against, 12; campeador, meaning of, xxiii; acquisition of epithet, 116, 162; charismatic leader, xxiii; Christian view of, as ideal warrior and leader, xiii; Cid, meaning of epithetic title, xiii, xvii; clothing, ostentation of his, 86–87; complaint against Scions of Carrión, 83, 88, 90–91; counselor to Sancho II, 133–134, 141, 156; court of justice, convened on his behalf, 84–85, 88; crusading spirit, his lack of, in EC, xiv; daughters of, 11, 39, 42, 46–48, 50–52, 57, 59, 62–64, 72–83, 85, 89, 91, 94–96, 105; death of, xii, 105; deference toward him, expressed by hand-kissing, 9, 12, 22; deference shown by him to Alfonso, 58–59; 85; divine favor, beneficiary of, 34, 51; economic incentives, offered by him as recruiting incentive, 8; emissary, his role as, of Sancho II to Urraca, 143–145, 147; Everyman, his folkloric role as, xvi; fatherhood, his embodiment of, 4, 12, 14; forbearance toward Scions of Carrión, 67–68, 70, 72; Gabriel, the Angel, his dream of, 14–15; García Ordóñez, rivalry with, 40, 53–54, 84, 87, 92, 125; generosity of, 61–62, 65, 167; generosity toward his men, 12, 25–26, 34, 52; generosity toward abbot of San Pedro, 11; generosity toward church of Santa María in Burgos, 26; generosity toward Count of Barcelona, 31–32; generosity toward Alfonso, 98–99; generosity toward Moors, 18, 20; generosity toward foes, 172–173; generosity toward Scions of Carrión, 73–74, 96; honor of, in relation to law, xvi; hospitality of, 59; family man, exemplary, 47, 48, 49, 51–52, 63; ideology, absence of as motive in, 198; infamy, his charge of, leveled against Scions of Carrión, 92; infanzón, his status as, x, 94; jealousy of and accusations against him, 12, 118–119, 125, 163; jousting, skill at, 65; kinship, his, with royal houses of Spain, 105; leadership in war, 22–23, 30, 35, 37, 49–50, 68, 117, 121, 139–140, 162, 169, 171; legend of, xiv; lion, his confrontation of, 66; literary characterization of, contrasted with historical man, xiv, xvi; little girl of Burgos, his encounter with, 6; lordship, his embodiment of, 15, 38; loyalty to Alfonso, 17, 25, 27, 38, 40, 52–54, 62; loyalty to Sancho II, 139; marriage to Jimena, xi, 168–170; marriage of daughters to Scions of Carrión, 55–56, 60–64; marriage of daughters to princes of Navarre and Aragon, 95–96, 105; marriage of ladies-in-waiting to his vassals, 52; milling, his association with, imputed by Ansur González, 94–95; moneylenders, Cid contrasted with, xvi; Muslim view of, xiii; My Cid, meaning and usage of, as epithetic title, 4 (n. 3); negative view of, in Ibn Bassam, 111–113; oath, his taking of King Alfonso’s in Santa Gadea, 158–159; omens, his reading of, 4–5, 74; outlaw status of, xvii; Outrage of Corpes, his reaction to, 80; piety of, xviii, 86; expressed in prayer, 10; in establishment of Valencian diocese, 39; promise to protect heirs of Fernando I, 129; raiding and plundering, organizer of, 4, 28–29, 118; reconciliation with Alfonso, 56–59; reconciliation with Sancho II, 148–149; recruiting of followers, 8, 34, 36, 42; redistributor of plunder, xvii, 17, 25–26, 35, 37–38, 51, 52, 71–72, 172; Robin Hood, comparison to, xvii; Ruy, as short form of Rodrigo, 199; Saragossa, his service to emir of, xi, xvi, 119–121; Seville, his defense of, against Granada and allies, 162; social bandit, similarity to, xvi; strategist, 16, 18–20, 22; taifa states, relationship with, 202; tribute, levier of, 19, 27; upbringing of, in household of Sancho II (HR), 116; Valencia, his conquest and occupation of, xii, 203; vassalage, his personification of, 5; Vellid Adolfo, his pursuit of, 154; vengeance, declaration of, against Scions of Carrión, 82; warlord, concept of, applied to him, xvi, xxiii; as possible translation of “campeador,” xxiv; wedding of daughters, 64–65
Roman Empire, 203
romance (Spanish word for ballad), 175
Romance languages, xix
Romanian (Romance language), 199
Rome, 200
Roncevaux, Battle of, 186
Rosellón, lord of, 120
Ruy Jiménez, 135
Ruy Laínez (uncle of Cid in YDR), 166, 169
saddles, Galician, 29
Safar (Arabic month), 109–110
Sagrajas, Battle of, xi, 111 (n. 7), 181
Saguntum (ancient Roman name of medieval Murviedro; modern Sagunto), 195
Sahagún, 38, 82, 134, 142–143
Sahara Desert, 184
Saint James the Greater, 22, 34, 49
Saint John the Evangelist, Feast of, 130
Saint Peter (apostle), 10, 13, 41
Saint Sebastian, 12
Saint Susanna, 12
San Esteban, 14, 77, 80–81, 163
San Pedro de Cardeña (Benedictine monastery), xii, 9, 10, 11, 12, 41–42, 171
San Salvador (plaza in Zamora), 146, 147
San Salvador de Oña (monastery), 157
San Servando (castle and monastery in Toledo), 85–87
Sancha, Queen (wife of Fernando I), 189
Sancho, Don (abbot of San Pedro de Cardeña), 10, 13, 41
Sancho II (eldest son of Fernando I), xi–xi, 116, 125, 128–141, 143–147, 149–150, 152–153, 155–159
Sancho III (king of Navarre, father of Fernando I), 189, 196
Sancho (king of Aragon), 119–120
Santa Aren, 137
Santa Gadea (church in Burgos), 159
Santa María, cathedral of Burgos, 5, 25; cathedral of Valencia, 48, 64; church in Carrión, 141
Santa María de Albarracín, 75
Santander (Spanish town and province), 196
Santerem (town in Portugal; birthplace of Ibn Bassam), 109
Santiago (Christian battle cry), 22
Santiago de Compostela, 82, 84
Santiago’s Field (outside Zamora), 157
Saragossa, ix, xi–xii, xxiii, 27, 33, 112, 116, 119, 121, 124, 126
Sarah (wife of biblical Abraham), 126 (n. 18)
Sardinian (Romance language), 199
Scions of Carrión, xvi, 32–33, 40, 52, 54–56, 58–68, 70–80, 82, 83–92, 96–97, 100–101, 104
Segorbe, 20
Segovia, 196
Segre River, 120
Sepúlveda, 188
Seville, ix, xi, 117–118, 124, 161–162; king of, 36
Shakespeare, 128
Sierra de Tragacete, 193
Sierra Miedes, 76
Siete Partidas (Spanish law code), 127
Singer of Tales (book by Albert Lord), xix–xx
singing and epic performance, xxi
Smith, Colin (British Hispanist), 175
social bandits, xvi
society, traditional, xii
Sol (daughter of epic Cid), 176
Song of Roland (old French epic), xviii–xix
Song of the Campeador (Carmen Campidoctoris), 123
Soria, 191, 194, 202
Spain, 15, 143, 145; epic tradition of, xx
Spanish March, 29
Spanish National Library, ix
Spinaz de Can, 14
spoils, division of, 24, 30
style, epic, xvii; oral-formulaic, xx
Tagus River, 56
taifas, xi, 17
Tajuña River, 17
Tamarite, castle of, 120–121
Tamín (fictitional Moorish king), 20
Tangiers, 185
Taranz, 45; plain of, 17;
Thickets of, 43
Teresa (wife of Henry of Burgundy), 191
Terrer, 18–19, 20, 23, 25–26
Teruel, 26–27
Tévar, Battle of, xii
Tévar, pine forest of, 28
thieves, crucified with Christ, 12
Third Crusade (1187–1192), xiv
Tiedra (castle), 144–145
titles, of EC in English, ix; selection of, in English, xvii
Tizón, 70, 74, 78, 88–90, 100, 102
Tlemcen (Algerian city), 181
Toledo, ix, xi, 84–86, 88, 101, 110, 142, 146, 148, 157
tonsure, meaning of, 38
Toro (town), xi, 142, 146
Tortosa, xi
Tosios (sheik of Olmedo), 171
Toubkal Mountain (Moroccan peak), 184
tournaments, 64 (n. 18)
Treasury of the Excellencies of the Spaniards, xiii, 109
Tudela de Duero, 171–172
Tunisia, 183, 194
Ubierna River, 95
Umayyads (Spanish Muslim dynasty), 185
Urgel, count of, 120
Urraca (daughter of Fernando I), xi, 128, 131–132, 142–148, 150–151, 154–157
Urraca Hernando (daughter of Cid in ballad of “The Cid and the Moorish King”) 176
Valencia, ix, xi–xii, xvii, 32–35, 37–39, 40–43, 45–47, 49–52, 54, 57, 60, 62, 64, 65, 67, 71–75, 79–81, 83, 88, 90–91, 93, 97–99, 109–110, 112–113, 115, 176; Cid’s entry into, 36
Valencia, king of, 19
Valencians, reaction to Cid’s attack, 35
Valladolid, 52, 144, 145
Vanigómez, 96 vassalage, meaning of, 4 (n. 5)
Vellid Adofo, xi, 125 (n. 16), 151–155, 159
Villafranca de Valcárcel, 137
Villalpando, 144–145
Virgil (author of Aeneid), xix
Visigothic law, 65 (n. 19)
Visigothic Spain, ix
Visigoths, 65 (n. 19)
Vivar, xi, 3, 167, 169, 171
warlord, as possible translation of campeador, xxiv
warlords, concept of, xxiii–xxiv; in Mexico, China, Africa, xxiv
Way of Saint James (“Camino de Santiago”; pilgrimage route), xii, 199
wedding of Cid’s daughters to Scions of Carrión, 64
Yoda (place name), 171
Youthful Deeds of Rodrigo (Mocedades de Rodrigo), 165
Yugoslavia, traditional oral-formulaic poetry of, xix
Yusuf (King of Morroco [Yusuf ibn Tashfin], leader of Almoravids), 47, 50, 51, 53, 111, 181
Yusuf al-Mu’tamin (Muslim ruler of Saragossa), xi
Zamora, xi, 128, 142–147, 149–155, 157–158, 168–169, 171
Zebedee (father of Saint James the Greater), 200
Zorita, 182