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Aachen, 71
Academy of Arts (Berlin), 350
Academy of Fine Arts (Leipzig), 22, 24
Acheson, Dean, 318
Air Force, U.S., 1
Air Ministry, 130, 132, 133–35
Alamogordo test. See Trinity test
“Alexander.” See Kremer, Simon
Anderson, John, 97, 98, 107, 119, 141, 142
Andes, 143
Arlington Hall Station, 3, 5–6, 189–90, 292–93
arms race, 169–71
Army Air Force, U.S., 168
Army Corps of Engineers, U.S., 143–44
Arnold, Henry, 202–6
background of, 202
Erna and, 215, 216, 224, 251–53, 254, 261–62, 279, 337
Fuchs’s relationship with, 204–6, 208–9, 219, 229–30, 232–33, 238–39, 251–54, 258–59, 269–70, 323, 326–27
at Harwell, 190, 191, 219, 228, 249, 278
surveillance, 202–6, 208–9, 212, 213, 216, 221, 229–30, 238–39, 258–59, 261–62, 269–70, 300
Atlantic Charter, 7, 140–41, 176, 198
atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 2, 165, 166, 168, 267, 321
atomic bomb research. See also Central Institute for Nuclear Physics; Los Alamos; and specific scientists
of Chinese, 344
nuclear fission, 132–34, 136, 137–39, 149
nuclear weapon design, 157–58, 164, 173
Quebec Agreement between U.S. and U.K., 141–42, 182, 198, 201
of Soviet Union, 1–2, 169–70, 219, 266, 267–68, 322
Atomic Energy Act of 1946 (McMahon Act), 169, 172, 178, 182–83, 262, 318, 324
Atomic Energy Research Establishment (Harwell Laboratory), 176, 177–79, 181–85, 189–90, 193, 202–9, 211–17
attack on Pearl Harbor, 141
Attlee, Clement, 2, 4, 175, 182, 247, 300, 301, 304
Bach, Johann Sebastian, 19, 23, 25
Bad Freienwalde, 69–70
Barwich, Heinz, 335–36
Battlefields Park, 120–21
Battle of Dunkirk, 13
Battle of the Atlantic, 125
Battle of the Plains of Abraham, 114
Behrens, Derek, 183–84, 185, 205, 278
Belgian Congo uranium mine, 318
Bell Cinema, 152
Bell for Adano, A (Hersey), 160
Bentley, Elizabeth, 173, 180, 190, 307, 309
Beria, Lavrentiy, 268
Bethe, Hans
background of, 150
at Cornell, 178
at Los Alamos, 150, 152, 157, 158, 160, 178, 350
at Odenwaldschule, 150
opposition to use of atomic bomb, 170
Peierls’s letters to, 277–78, 287
Birmingham, 65, 135–36, 139–40, 200. See also University of Birmingham
Blackett, Patrick, 82
Blitz, the, 2–3, 12–13, 106–7, 124, 125, 131
Born, Hedwig “Hedi,” 88–89, 94, 97, 282, 334
Born, Irene, 88
Born, Max, 158–59
Fuchs’s and Kellerman’s internment, 97, 99, 107, 119–20
Fuchs’s atomic research, 134–35, 136
Fuchs’s relationship with, 88–89, 94, 95, 96, 107–8, 119–20, 129–30, 175, 237, 281, 282, 292, 334
at University of Edinburgh, 86, 87–89, 94, 96, 129–30, 175, 237, 282
at University of Göttingen, 78, 86, 87, 88
Weisskopf and, 161
Bow Street Magistrate’s Court, 288–89
Brecht, Bertolt, 41–42
breeder reactors, 342, 344–45, 346
Bristol Evening Post, 85
Bristol. See University of Bristol
British Communist Party, 4, 10
British internment, 11–12, 97–99, 101–8
British Overseas Supply Company, 225, 229
British Society of Friends, 68, 78
Brixton Prison, 276, 278–80, 281–82, 288, 290, 293–94, 297
Brookings Institution, 91
Brooklyn Museum of Art, 152
Buddhist Society of England, 271
background of, 179
Fuchs’s relationship with, 178–79, 184, 185, 190, 205, 214, 216, 262–63
Buneman, Micky, 185
Buneman, Oscar
background of, 179
at Harwell, 205–6, 253, 278, 287, 303
MI5 investigation of, 278
Burroughs, William S., 157
Burt, Leonard, 271, 273–74, 276–78, 288, 289
Butler, Rab, 325–26
California Institute of Technology, 170
Camp L, 75, 114–23, 301–2, 323
Camp N, 123–24, 291, 301, 302, 323
Canada internment, 106–7, 113–24, 301–2
Carnegie Hall, 148
Catchpool, Corder, 279
Central Institute for Nuclear Physics (ZfK), 335–39, 344
Chadwick, James, 237
Chamberlain, Neville, 60, 92, 94, 96
Chambers, Whittaker, 286
Channel Islands, 106
Chaplin, Charlie, 26
Charles I of England, 180
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, 19
Chinese atomic research, 344
Churchill, Winston
Atlantic Charter, 7, 140–41, 176, 198
general election of 1945, 175
Iron Curtain Speech, 4
Potsdam Conference, 168–69, 175
Quebec Agreement, 141–42, 182, 198, 201
war leadership of, 94, 96, 97, 98, 134, 138, 140–41, 165
Clarendon Laboratory, 134
Clegg, Hugh, 305–6, 308, 310–11
Fuchs and Royal Society, 184
Fuchs’s resignation, 248–50, 251–52
Fuchs’s arrest, 274
Fuchs’s interrogation and confession, 238, 242, 258, 259, 260, 264, 271
at Harwell, 176, 177–78, 184, 216, 234
Columbia University, 144, 150, 158, 161, 236
Communist International, 61, 72
Communist Party of Germany (KPD)
election of 1930, 25
election of 1932, 28–29, 39, 40, 43, 47
election of 1933, 62–64
Nazi era, 60, 61, 66, 67, 71–72, 78, 91, 140
Weimar Republic years, 25, 27, 32, 40–41, 42, 45–46
“Conscience Without Reason!” (editorial), 320
Corpus Christi College, 111
Cove Fields, 114
Cuno, Wilhelm, 29
Curtis-Bennett, Derek, 295, 296–98
Dachau concentration camp, 335
Davis, Bette, 91
Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (Gibbon), 314
Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR), 13, 152
Deprivation of Citizenship Committee, 316–17
Deutsch, Martin, 168
Dickens, Charles, 295
Didcot Station, 212, 216, 221, 254
Diels, Rudolf, 61
Dimitrov, Georgi, 72, 81, 336–37
Disraeli, Benjamin, 213
Donaldson’s School, 99
Dresden, 27–28, 84, 336, 337–38, 348, 352
Dunworth, John, 224
East Berlin, 331–33
East Germany, 325, 331–39, 344, 346–48
Eden, Anthony, 82
Edinburgh Sheriff Court, 95
“Effect of Fluctuation in the Flow of Nitrogen,” 5–7, 198, 199, 201
Eisenach, 19–20, 22, 23–25, 27–28, 30, 31, 68, 333
Elbe River, 90
electrical conductivity, 78–79, 83
XI International Brigade, 102, 116–17, 235
“enemy aliens,” 11–12, 95–96, 97, 130, 134, 205
“Eugene” (Alexander Feklisov), 180–81, 184–85, 188–89, 282–83, 290
Evangelical Community Newsletter, 12, 19
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
Fuchs case, 7–8, 197, 198, 218–19, 225–27, 232, 236–37, 242, 264–65, 275, 286, 287, 290, 298, 299, 303–9
Heinemann case, 202, 217–18, 232
“Raymond” interrogation, 190
Feklisov, Alexander (“Eugene”), 351–52
Feynman, Richard, 157–58, 161, 168, 280
Flowers, Brian, 184
Forster, E. M., 82
For Whom the Bell Tolls (Hemingway), 117, 132
Free German League of Culture, 131, 140, 294, 334
Free Socialist Student Group, 32–36, 40–41, 47, 49–52, 55–56, 65–66, 349
French and Indian War, 114, 120–21
Friedrichsfelde Cemetery, 349–50, 351
Frisch, Otto, 132–34, 136, 137
Fuchs, Elisabeth. See Kittowski, Elisabeth Fuchs
Fuchs, Else Wagner, 24, 30, 31
death of, 35–36
arrest and imprisonment of, 68–69
in Bad Freienwalde, 69–70
in Berlin, 79–80, 85, 90–91, 186–87
in East Germany with son Klaus, 321, 324, 325, 332, 337
death of, 346
death of daughter Elisabeth, 93–94
death of son Gerhard, 317–18
death of wife Else, 35–36
Harwell visit to son Klaus, 190–91, 283
at Kiel Pedagogical Academy, 30, 31–32, 36, 56–57, 65
pacifist beliefs of, 21, 37, 41, 62, 65, 346
political activities of, 20–24, 25, 30, 35, 36–37, 56–57, 65, 68–70, 186, 320
Quakerism of, 37, 41, 63–64, 65, 68, 78, 84, 89, 92, 93, 186
at University of Leipzig, 186, 188, 190, 191, 228, 229, 232, 238, 269, 317, 324
von Bardeleben incident, 68, 73
at Woodbrooke Quaker Centre, 65, 68
during World War II, 186–88
Fuchs, Gerhard
arrest and release of, 84
in Berlin, 29, 30, 31, 47–48, 54, 61–62, 64, 65–66, 69, 84
death of, 317–18
political activities of, 26–27, 32, 34–35, 36–37, 40–41, 43–48, 65–68, 79–80, 84–85
in Switzerland, 12, 20, 92–93, 186, 187–88, 317
tuberculosis (TB) of, 84, 89, 93, 186, 187–88
at University of Kiel, 44–47
at University of Leipzig, 24, 26–27, 34–35, 36–37, 43
Fuchs, Karin, 48, 65, 84, 85, 317
Fuchs, Klaus
at Air Ministry, 130, 132, 133–35
arrest of, 272–84
atomic research of, 132–35, 138–39, 143–44, 146–50, 342, 344–45, 346
Los Alamos, 155–57, 160, 161–62, 167, 173, 176, 178, 265–66, 322
ZfK, 335–39
in Berlin, 58–62, 64, 66–68, 69
inducement, 229–30, 260, 261, 264, 268, 271, 289, 295, 296
denaturalization of, 316–17
early life of, 19–24
in East Germany, 325, 331–39, 344, 346–48
education of, 23, 24–27, 29–30, 31, 36–37, 66–68
“enemy alien” status of, 11–12, 95–96, 97, 130, 132
Erna and, 189, 208, 214–17, 222–23, 239, 240–41, 249–54, 261–63, 269, 289, 311, 319, 326
espionage and meetings
“Alexander,” 131, 136–37, 139, 281–82, 290, 294
“Eugene,” 180–81, 184–85, 188–89, 282–83, 290
“Raymond,” 145–49, 152–53, 160–61, 163–64, 166, 169, 170, 171–73, 180, 190, 265–66, 291, 305–11, 343
evil, question of, 352–53
Grete and, 72, 337–38, 339, 349, 350, 351–52
as “Margot” (Margarete), 323, 325, 336
at Harwell, 176, 177–79, 181–85, 189–90, 202–9, 211–17, 247, 253, 269, 271–72, 281, 321, 346
forced resignation, 247–50, 254
imprisonment of
at Brixton, 276, 278–80, 281–82, 288, 290, 293–94, 297
release, 324–28
at Wormwood Scrubs, 303–4, 305–6, 313–14
internment of
in Canada, 113–24
Ettrick crossing, 108–12
in London, 77–78
MI5 interrogations, 231–32, 237–43, 247–48, 250–51
MI5 security investigation, 195–209
MI5 security review, 179–80, 181–82
MI5 surveillance, 198–209, 211–17, 221–22, 224–25, 227–30, 233, 234–35, 237, 239, 240–41, 258–59
Moorehead interview, 319–20
naturalization, 9, 129–30, 140, 179, 234
in Paris, 71–74
registration card of, 80–81
student political activities of, 27–28, 29–30, 34–37, 39–43, 47, 49–56, 66–68
death sentence, 53–54
trial of, 285–86, 288–90, 295–98
at University of Birmingham, 130, 132, 133, 135, 139, 201, 207–8, 263
at University of Bristol, 9–10, 74, 77, 78–79, 81–86, 215–16
at University of Edinburgh, 86, 87–89, 91–92, 94–95, 129–30, 282
work permit of, 9, 12–13, 132, 137
Fuchs, Kristel. See Heinemann, Kristel Fuchs “Christel”
Furry, Wendell, 291–92
gaseous diffusion, 138–39, 151, 198
Geheeb, Paul, 20, 31, 41, 48, 58, 90
General Electric Company, 213
General Post Office (GPO), 211–12
Geneva Conventions, 104
German Communist Party. See Communist Party of Germany
German federal election of 1930, 25, 28
German federal election of 1932, 28–29, 39, 40, 43, 47
German federal election of 1933, 53, 62–64
German National People’s Party, 63
German POWs, internment of, 12, 104, 106–7, 109, 112, 114, 115, 117–18
German-Soviet Nonaggression Pact, 94–95, 137, 301
Germany
during Cold War, 331–39
Nazi era. See Nazis
Weimar Republic. See Weimar Republic
Goddard, Rayner, 296–98
Gold, Harry (a.k.a. “Raymond” a.k.a. “Goose”), 180, 190, 291, 306–10
arrest and interview of, 305–10, 343
background of, 306–7
Fuchs’s meetings with, 145–49, 152–53, 163–64, 166, 169, 170, 265–66, 308–9, 311
Heinemann’s meetings with, 153, 160–61, 163–64, 172–73, 291, 308–9
Göring, Hermann, 28, 53, 59–60, 63
Gortipohl, 187
Gouzenko, Igor, 173, 180, 218, 309
Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), 3
Graf Zeppelin, 28
Grand Central Terminal, 280
Great Depression, 4, 25–26, 27, 307
Great Rollright, 315
Greenglass, David, 308
Groves, Leslie, 142, 143–44, 155–56, 159–60
Gunn, Ronald, 74, 78, 79, 81–82, 234–35, 279
gun-type diffusion, 157–58
Gurney, Ronald, 81
Hager, Kurt, 338
Hahn, Otto, 132–33
Hamburger, Ursula. See Kuczynski, Ursula
Hanfstaengl, Putzi, 61
Harper, Russell, 223
Harvard University, 145
Harwell Laboratory, 176, 177–79, 181–85, 189–90, 193, 202–9, 211–17. See also specific scientists
Haupt, Joachim, 33–34, 36, 57–58
Heinemann, Kristel Fuchs “Christel,” 31–32, 336, 347–48
brother Klaus at Wormwood, 313–14
in Cambridge, MA, 92, 144–45, 152, 178, 188, 202
FBI investigation of, 217–19, 232, 248, 251, 290–91, 305–6
marriage to Albert Holzer, 347–48
nervous breakdown and hospitalization of, 188, 269, 290–91, 314, 317, 347
at Odenwaldschule, 28, 31, 35, 36, 58
“Raymond” and, 153, 160–61, 163–64, 172–73, 291, 308–9
Heinemann, Robert “Bob,” 145, 188, 217–19, 232, 290–92, 314
Heinemann, Stephen, 314
Heisenberg, Werner, 27, 87, 139, 159
Herweg, Ludwig, 11
Hill, B. A., 271–74
Hindenburg, Paul von, 39–40, 43, 44, 52–53, 55, 59, 63
Hiss, Alger, 286–87
Hitler, Adolf
appointment as chancellor, 52–53
death of, 165
election of 1932, 28–29, 40, 43
Kiel rally, 46
Reichstag fire, 55–56
Reichswehr trial, 28–29
rise to power, 23, 26, 28–29, 32, 40, 43, 46
during World War II, 13, 81, 90, 92, 94, 96, 118, 121
Hitler Youth, 41
Hodder, Hartley, 11
Hollywood Ten, 286
Holzer, Marianna, 347
Hoover, J. Edgar
Fuchs case, 265, 285–86, 287, 298, 299, 310, 311
McCarthyism and, 287
Venona project, 292–93
Hornig, Don, 167
Horst-Wessel-Haus, 60
Hotel Fürstenhof, 23
House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), 286–87
Howse, Philip, 292–93
Humphreys, Christmas, 271, 274, 288–89, 295–98
Huxley, Aldous, 82
Huxley, Julian, 82
Hyde Park, 2–3
IG Farben, 79
Immigration Act of 1924, 145
Imperial Naval Station, 32
Imperial Tobacco Company, 78, 234
implosion bomb, 157–58, 164, 173, 267–68
International Brigade, 102, 116–17, 235
internment
in Britain, 11–12, 97–99, 101–8
in Canada, 106–7, 113–24, 301–2
of Japanese-Americans, 156
Irish Republican Army, 324
Isle of Man, 104–6
Italian declaration of war, 103
Italians, internment of, 11–12, 109, 112, 156
atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 2, 165, 166, 168, 267, 321
attack on Pearl Harbor, 141
Soviet invasion of Manchuria, 169
surrender, 171
Japanese-American internment camps, 156
Jewish internment in Canada, 121–23
Johnson, Peter, 332–33
Joint Institute on Nuclear Research, 341–44
Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC), 1–2
Journal of George Fox, 68
Kadena Air Base, 312
Kahle, Hans, 11–12, 131–32, 180, 224, 235, 350
British internment of, 102–3, 108, 111, 179, 300
Canada internment of, 116–19, 122–25
Fuchs’s relationship with, 131–32, 137, 179, 196, 200, 207–8, 301, 302, 303
as inspiration for Hemingway, 117, 132
Karl Marx Medal, 349
Kearton, Frank, 143, 144, 150, 201–2, 225–26, 235–36, 278
Keilson, Grete
in East Germany, 323, 325, 331, 336–38, 347, 351–52
Fuchs’s relationship with, 337–38, 339, 349, 350, 351–52
Keilson, Max, 72
Kellermann, Walter, 88, 92, 94, 96, 255, 282
British internment of, 98, 99, 103–8
Canada internment of, 116, 124–25
Ettrick crossing, 108–12
at Southampton College, 130
at University of Edinburgh, 88, 89, 91, 129–30
Keynes, John Maynard, 82
KGB, 147, 153, 173, 189–90, 307, 309, 325, 332, 341–43, 352
Khrushchev, Nikita, 333
Kiel, 31–34, 41–48, 52–53, 58. See also University of Kiel
Kiel Daily News, 32
Kiel Pedagogical Academy, 30, 31, 36, 56–57
Kittowski, Elisabeth Fuchs, 69
at Academy of Fine Arts, 22, 24
arrest and imprisonment of, 69
in Berlin, 79, 80, 84–85, 90–91
death of, 93–94
death of mother, 35
political activities of, 26, 34, 54, 58, 69, 90–91
arrest and imprisonment of, 69, 84, 85, 90–91
political activities of, 69, 84–85, 90–91
Kittowski, Klaus, 84, 145, 181, 321, 346, 347
in East Germany, 331, 337, 339
visits with uncle Klaus, 190–91, 228, 323
during World War II, 186, 187–88
at Young Friends Work Camp, 323
Klaus Fuchs: History of Atomic Treachery (movie), 345
Klopstech, Johanna, 180, 294–95
Korda, Alexander, 320
KPD. See Communist Party of Germany
Kremer, Simon (a.k.a. “Alexander”), 131, 136–37, 139, 281–82, 290, 294
Kristallnacht, 145
Kuczynski, Jürgen, 130–31, 180, 294–95, 335
Fuchs’s relationship with, 91, 103, 130–31, 139, 140, 294–95, 350
internment and release of, 96, 98
Kuczynski, Ursula (a.k.a. “Sonya”), 139–40, 315, 350
kulaks, 83
Kurchatov, Igor, 268
Leconfield House, 3, 212. See also MI5
Leipzig, 24–25, 28. See also University of Leipzig
Lend Lease program, 140–41
Lichtenfeld, Karl, 44–45
Fuchs case, 236, 247–48, 286, 293, 304–5, 316, 321–22
confession, 259, 260, 264, 268
interrogation, 231–32, 233, 239–42, 247, 248
German communist activities, 60–61, 64
Gold’s arrest, 310
MI5 purge, 287–88
Lingen, Count (Prince Friedrich of Prussia), 111, 116, 117, 122, 123
Liverpool, 108, 125, 208, 215, 275, 315
London Airport, 327
London School of Economics, 294, 301
Los Alamos, 149–50, 155–72, 353. See also specific scientists
Fuchs’s arrival at, 155–57
Fuchs’s espionage at, 160–61, 163–64, 166, 169, 171–73, 251, 265–66
Trinity test, 165–69, 178, 266, 268
Los Alamos Main Gate, 127, 156, 163, 166
Los Alamos Ranch School, 157
Lutheranism, 19, 22–23, 37, 41
McCarthy, Joseph (McCarthyism), 287
Maclean, Donald, 318–19
McMahon Act, 169, 172, 178, 182–83, 262, 318, 324
Malleson, Tatiana, 224, 238, 279
Manhattan Project, 4, 5, 7, 143–44, 146–52. See also Los Alamos
Martin, Arthur
Fuchs case, 5–15, 195–209, 218–19, 225–28, 235–38, 241, 242, 250, 251, 282
forced resignation, 249
Peierls surveillance, 217–18
Martin, Joan, 6
Mayer, Maria Goeppert, 150–51, 158, 161
Meitner, Lise, 132–33
Mendeleev Congress, 82–83
MI5. See also specific persons
bugging of British Communist Party, 4, 10
covert “purge system” of, 287–88
Fuchs’s arrest, 271–84
Fuchs’s confession, 254–55, 257–67, 286, 289
Fuchs’s interrogations, 231–32, 237–43, 247–48, 250–51
Fuchs’s postmortem of case, 299–303
Fuchs’s security file, 3, 8–15, 81, 131, 140, 300–301
Fuchs’s security investigation, 152, 195–209
Fuchs’s security review, 179–80, 181–82, 299–301
Fuchs’s surveillance, 198–209, 211–17, 221–22, 224–25, 227–30, 233, 234–35, 237, 239, 240–41, 258–59
SCR and, 82
Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, 94–95, 137, 301
Montcalm, Louis-Joseph de, 121
Moorehead, Alan, 319–20
Moorlager, 69
Mortimer, Raymond, 320
Moscow Trials, 85–86
Mott, Nevill, 78–79, 81–83, 86, 89, 130, 281, 334
Nash, John, 334
Nazis (Nazi Germany)
anti-Jewish legislation, 46, 55, 57
election of 1932, 28–29, 39, 40, 43, 47
Hitler’s appointment as chancellor, 52–53
internment of POWs in Canada, 12, 104, 106–7, 109, 112, 114, 115, 117–18, 122, 207
Kristallnacht, 145
military build-up, 96, 97, 98–99
Operation Barbarossa, 137
Reichstag fire, 55–56, 59, 72, 73
seizure of power, 23, 26–30, 31–34, 36–37, 39–40, 43–50, 52–53, 59–65, 79
“Night of the Long Knives,” 58
Normandy landings, 150
North Korea, 311–12
nuclear fission, 132–34, 136, 137–39, 149
Nuremberg Laws, 121
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 8, 92, 144, 195, 198, 265
Odenwaldschule, 20, 21, 22, 28, 31, 35, 36, 58, 190–91
Official Secrets Act, 137, 139, 140, 229, 267, 272
OGPU (Joint State Political Directorate), 207, 294
Old Bailey, 295–96
Operation Barbarossa, 137
Oppenheimer, Robert
Fuchs’s arrest, 280
at Los Alamos, 149–50, 152, 157–61, 165, 182, 184, 291
opposition to use of atomic bomb, 170
Paddington Station, 221, 237, 238, 263, 321
Pajarito Plateau, 156
Papen, Franz von, 44, 46–47, 52, 53, 61
Paterson, Alexander, 124
Patterson, Geoffrey
interrogation, 232, 233, 237–38, 303–4
Heinemann investigation, 218–19
Peierls, Genia
background of, 136
Fuchs’s imprisonment, 278, 279–80, 294
Fuchs’s investigation, 214, 224
Fuchs’s relationship with, 162, 282–83
Fuchs’s release, 326
Mott’s visit, 83
Peierls, Rudolf “Rudi”
atomic research of, 132–37, 139, 143–44, 149–52, 157–58, 161–62, 167, 184, 207–8
Fuchs’s imprisonment, 294
Fuchs’s investigation, 13, 201–2, 214, 235–36, 263, 287
Fuchs’s release, 326
Fuchs’s return to Germany, 346
at Los Alamos, 157–62, 167, 172
MI5 investigation and surveillance of, 13, 179, 201–2, 211, 217–18, 237
Mott’s visit, 83
at University of Birmingham, 130, 132, 133, 135–36, 139, 177, 184, 201, 207–8
Peierls-Frisch Memo, 132–34, 136, 137
Penney, William, 321–22
Pentland Hills, 91–92
Perrin, Michael
background of, 197
Fuchs case, 13–14, 197–98, 201–2, 292, 293, 300, 303, 309, 322
confession, 258, 259–61, 263, 265, 266, 268–70
forced resignation, 248–49, 251, 252
trial, 289
Russian atomic bomb test, 1–2
Perutz, Max, 120
Philby, Kim, 284
Plains of Abraham, 114
Portal, Charles, 233, 234, 242, 249, 264, 272, 274–75, 292, 293
Potsdam Conference, 168–69, 175
Proceedings of the Royal Society, 79, 83
Putin, Vladimir, 349
Quakers, 21, 37, 41, 63–64, 65, 68, 78, 84, 89, 92, 93
“Quantum Mechanical Investigation of the Cohesive Forces of Metallic Copper Metals” (Fuchs), 78–79, 83
Quebec Agreement, 141–42, 182, 198, 201
Queen Mary, 178
Queen’s University, 218
Rackwitz, Arthur, 29, 62, 63, 69, 90–91, 334–35
Radomysler, Asik, 301–3
Railway House Hotel, 253–54
Rantzau, Otto Graf zu, 53
“Raymond.” See Gold, Harry
“Red Scare,” 286–87
Red Shock Squad, 66
Red Spark, 41–42
Red Student Group (RSG), 46, 65–66
Red Students (newsletter), 36
Reichsbanner, 27, 41, 44, 56–57
Reichstag fire, 55–56, 59, 68, 72, 73, 81, 336
Religious Society of Friends. See Quakers
Revolutionary Student Group, 32
Ribbentrop, Joachim von, 61
Richmond Park, 180
Riesengebirge, 65
Rio Grande, 156
Robbins, Joseph Arnold, 304, 307–8
Fuchs and Arnold, 206, 208, 221, 228–29, 238–39, 253, 254, 258–59
Fuchs’s confession, 260, 261, 263, 269–70
Fuchs’s surveillance, 198–203, 206, 208, 211–12, 221, 223, 224–25, 234–35, 238–39, 250
Rockefeller Foundation, 159
Röhm, Ernst, 58
Rolland, Romain, 72
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 138, 140–41, 165
Atlantic Charter, 7, 140–41, 176, 198
Quebec Agreement, 141–42, 182, 198, 201
Rosenberg, Ethel, 287, 308, 334
Rosenberg, Julius, 287, 308, 334
Rotblat, Joseph, 168
Rote Burg, 68–69
Russell, Bertrand, 82
Russian Revolution, 25, 40, 41, 82, 95, 286
Rust, Bernhard, 58
Sakharov, Andrei, 322
Sangre de Cristo Mountains, 162
Saturday Evening Post, 320
Sawyer Hill, 162
Scottish Enlightenment, 95
Scottish Refugee Committee, 96
Secret Intelligence Service. See MI6
Security Service. See MI5
SED. See Socialist Unity Party of Germany
Serpell, Michael, 206–8, 300, 301–3
Shady Hill School, 190–91
Shawcross, Hartley, 295–98, 316–17
Shell Mex House, 198, 201, 216, 242
Signal Intelligence Service, U.S. Army (SIS), 7, 195–96. See also Venona project
signals intelligence (SIGINT), 287–88
Sillitoe, Percy
background of, 231
Fuchs and FBI, 286, 292–93, 304, 311
Fuchs’s interrogation, 231–34
Fuchs’s postmortem of case, 299–301
Fuchs’s surveillance, 248–49
Halperin and, 218
Moorehead book, 319
Simon, Francis, 134, 138–39, 281
Sinclair, Upton, 72
Skalweit, August, 39, 52, 53, 54, 57
Skardon, William James “Jim,” 334
Fuchs’s confession, 254–55, 257–64, 265, 271
Fuchs’s interrogations, 238–40, 241–42, 250–51, 270, 294–95, 300, 303–4, 305, 311, 313–16, 321–22
Fuchs’s surveillance, 202–3, 212
Fuchs’s trial, 289–90
Moorehead interview, 319
Skinner, Elaine, 215, 240, 250
Skinner, Erna
background of, 215
death of, 315
Fuchs’s arrest, 273, 276, 277, 279, 283–84
Fuchs’s imprisonment, 293–94, 314–15
Fuchs’s relationship with, 189, 208, 214–17, 222–23, 239, 240–41, 249–54, 261–63, 269, 289, 311, 319, 326, 337
Fuchs’s surveillance, 211, 213, 215, 217, 222–23, 224, 240–41
Moorehead book, 319
Skinner, Herbert
background of, 215
death of, 315
Fuchs’s imprisonment, 293–94, 314–15
Fuchs’s relationship with, 189, 208, 215–16, 238, 251–53, 264, 281
Fuchs’s resignation, 248
Fuchs’s surveillance, 211, 213, 215, 217, 224
at University of Bristol, 215–16
at University of Liverpool, 208, 238, 248, 249, 250
Skyrme, Tony, 144, 150, 151, 160, 161, 201–2, 225, 236
Smith, Officer, 276–77
Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), 25, 26–27, 32–33, 36, 66
election of 1932, 40–41, 43, 47
Emil’s joining of, 22, 25, 346
Socialist Student Union, 26–27, 29–30, 32
Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED), 332, 335, 336, 337, 344, 345, 349
Society for Cultural Relations between the Peoples of the British Commonwealth and the USSR (SCR), 81–82, 85–86
Some of My Best Friends Are Soldiers (Halsey), 160
Southampton College, 130
South Korea, 311–12
Soviet Union
arms race, 169–71
atomic bomb project, 1–2, 169–70, 219, 266, 267–68, 322
invasion of Manchuria, 169
Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, 94–95, 137, 301
Mott’s visit, 82–83
Operation Barbarossa, 137
Spanish Civil War, 85, 92, 102, 103, 116–17
SPD. See Social Democratic Party of Germany
Potsdam Conference, 168–69, 175
Steenbeck, Max, 347
Strategic Bombing Survey, 295
Sturge, Paul, 95
Sturmabteilung (SA), 41, 42, 44, 46–47, 53, 54, 58, 60, 68, 73
Sunkel, Reinhard, 33–34, 36, 46, 57–58
Tale of Two Cities (Dickens), 295
TASS Russian News Agency, 296, 298
Technische Hochschule, Berlin, 66–68, 336
Technische Hochschule, Dresden, 336
Tel Aviv University, 57
Teller, Edward, 150–51, 158–59, 164, 267, 322
Thälmann, Ernst, 40–41, 43, 64, 72
Thomson, G. P., 134–35
Thysville, 125
Trafalgar Square, 237
Traitors, The (Moorehead), 320
Trinity test, 165–69, 178, 266, 268
atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 165, 168
Korean War, 312
Potsdam Conference, 168–69, 175
Turnip Winter of 1916–17, 21
Uffington White Horse, 177
Ulam, Stan, 322
Ulbricht, Walter, 332, 335, 337, 338, 342, 343, 345
United Kingdom general elections of 1945, 175
United Nations Atomic Energy Commission, 170–71
University of Adelaide, 249
University of Birmingham, 200
Fuchs at, 130, 132, 133, 135, 139, 201, 207–8, 263
Peierls at, 130, 132, 133, 135–36, 139, 177, 184, 201, 207–8
University of Bristol, 9–10, 74, 77, 78–79, 81–86, 215–16
University of Cambridge, 87, 116, 216
University of Edinburgh, 86, 87–89, 91–92, 94–95, 129–30, 282
Born at, 86, 87–89, 94, 96, 129–30, 175, 237, 282
Fuchs at, 86, 87–89, 91–92, 94–95, 129–30, 282
University of Frankfurt, 57
University of Göttingen, 78, 86, 87, 88
University of Kiel, 17, 32–37, 39, 40–42, 44–54
fee increase protests, 34–35, 36
University of Leipzig, 24–27, 29–30, 159, 317, 339, 348
Emil Fuchs at, 186, 188, 190, 191, 228, 229, 232, 238, 269, 317, 324
University of Liverpool, 208, 238, 248, 249, 250
University of Pennsylvania, 307
uranium U-235, 133–34, 136, 138, 141, 149, 151, 158, 165, 169, 172, 265
van der Lubbe, Marinus, 55
Väter der tausend Sonnen (documentary), 350
Venona project, 7, 189–90, 197, 198, 292–93
Fuchs case, 195–96, 199, 201, 217, 226–27, 233, 238, 241, 242–43, 251, 257, 283, 284
Victoria, Queen, 116
Victory in Europe Day (V-E Day), 165
Vidal, Gore, 157
Vishinsky, Andrei, 85–86
Vivian, Valentine, 200
von Neumann, John, 119–20, 161, 292, 322
Wagner, Gisela, 225
Wall Street Crash of 1929, 25–26
Wartburg Castle, 28
Washington Post, 285
Weimar Republic, 21–22
election of 1932, 28–29, 39, 40, 43, 47
Weisband, William, 189–90
Weisskopf, Victor Frederick “Viki,” 161
Weiz, Herbert, 349
Wells, H. G., 82
West, Rebecca, 320–21
Westborough Hospital, 290–91, 347
Westemigranten, 336
Fuchs’s interrogation and confession, 230, 231, 238, 242, 251, 310
Fuchs’s surveillance, 198, 199, 200
Whitson, Lish, 285, 286, 292, 293, 299
Wiggs, C. W., 116, 117, 118, 120–21, 122–23
Wills, Henry H., 78
Wills, Henry Overton, I, 78
Wolf, Karl, 57
Wolf, Markus, 348
Wolfe, James, 121
Wood, Arthur, 157
Woodbrooke Quaker Centre, 65, 68
Woolf, Virginia, 82
Woolworth Building, 144
World Committee Against War and Fascism (1933), 72, 336–37
World Congress of Youth Against War and Fascism (1933), 71, 72, 73–74, 336–37
Wormwood Scrubs Prison, 245, 303–4, 305–6, 313–14
Yapou, Edith, 223
Young Friends Work Camp, 323
ZfK (Central Institute for Nuclear Physics), 335–39, 344
Zorn, Johanna, 349