A-20 Havoc, 100 Army History, 293
Aachen, 230, 238, 253, 254, 256-60, 264,266, 317
Afrika Korps, 27-28, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48
Alexander, Harold, 44, 45, 234
Alford, Parker, 82
Algeria, 42
Allen, Terry, 316-17
Allied Expeditionary Force (AEF), 69
British-U.S. relations in, 38, 39, 45, 47, 52-53
Eisenhower appointed as Supreme Commander of, 16, 51-54
number of divisions in, 210
Alpine Redoubt, 341
Alsace, 308
Ammons, Jack, 319
Antwerp, 231, 232, 233, 247, 282
Arbatov, Gregori, 341n
Ardennes Forest, 233, 236, 254, 272, 273, 274, 275, 299-300, 308
Argentan, 227
Army, U.S.:
building of, 22
Center of Military History of, 293
civilians and, 178-79, 228, 230
flexibility and initiative in, 214, 217
in Great Britain, 35, 36, 38, 54-58, 210
in Nazi Germany, 333-48
replacement troops in, 188-89, 260-264, 273, 280, 290, 292, 293-94, 311-12, 314, 334
segregation in, 23
size of, 15
Army Group B, German, 48
Army History, 293
Army Specialist Training Program (ASTP), 263, 347
Arnold, James, 109
Assault Training Center, 57
ASTP (Army Specialist Training Program), 263, 347
Atlantic Wall, 48, 58, 61, 102, 321
Australia, 17-18
Ayres, Johnny, 324
B-17 Flying Fortress, 98-102, 103, 140, 172
B-25 Mitchell, 211
B-26 Marauder, 98, 99, 100-101, 103, 107, 216
Bach, J. S., 311
Baines, Darky, 80
balloons, 58
Baltic states, 15
Balzac, Honore de, 190
bangalore torpedoes, 135, 138, 139, 175, 250, 251
barbed wire, 135, 138, 139, 170, 256
Bare, Harry, 124
Bastogne, 274, 275, 279, 284-85, 286, 290
battlefield promotions, 311
Baumgarten, Harold, 124-26
Bayfield, USS, 111
beach obstacles, 57, 118, 165, 169-70, 171, 172, 173-74, 176, 180, 216
Beck, John, 113
Belgium, 15, 223, 229, 230, 238, 255, 266, 274, 299
see also Bulge, Battle of the
Bell, Elmo, 347
Berggren, Bobby, 103
Berlin, 79, 208, 223, 233, 235, 253, 322, 345
divided into sectors, 337
Red Army’s drive to, 337-38, 341
Berlin, Battle of, 341n
Bernstein, Julius, 342
Bertenrath, Friedrich, 222, 226, 340
Bingham, Sidney, 127-28
Bizerte, 46
Blakeslee, Clarence, 268
Blanchard, John, 90
Blankenship, Charles, 90
Blithe, Albert, 204-5
Block, Walter, 148, 149, 151, 153
Bocarski, Ray, 322
Boesch, Paul, 270
Boland, Oliver, 85
Bomber Command, British, 143
bombers, 98-102
key role played by, 58-59
Bouck, Lyle, 275-78
Bowen, George, 138
Bradley, Omar, 62, 63, 70, 207, 208, 231, 232-33, 235, 253, 269, 272, 273, 300, 323, 328, 329, 337
Battle of the Bulge and, 274-75
criticisms of, 223-24
Operation Cobra and, 210-11
Patton’s nickname for, 224
promoted to Twelfth Army Group commander, 221n
Replacement System and, 262-63
in Rhineland battles, 317, 327
Bridge at Remagen, The (Hechler), 324
Brierre, Eugene, 112
Britain, Battle of, 15
British army, 16, 26-29, 220, 223
casualties in, 210
D-Day landing sites of,
see Gold Beach; Sword Beach
in North Africa, 27-28, 39, 42, 45, 48, 67
training in, 28, 30-34, 161, 162, 166
Brooke, Alan, 39, 53, 207, 209, 211, 232, 233, 235, 337
Brotheridge, Den, 31, 81, 85, 86, 87-88
Brown, John, 189
Browning, F.A.M. “Boy,” 28, 31
Brumbaugh, Frank, 78
Brussels, 232
Bryant, H. T., 90
Buchenwald, 341
Buchloe, 336-37
Bulge, Battle of the, 272-94, 317
combat conditions in, 285-89
Eisenhower’s Order of the Day issued in, 283-84
Elsenborn Ridge and, 281-83, 287
German retreat after, 308
German superiority at start of, 275
importance of individual soldiers in, 281
U.S. casualties in, 289-90
Bull, Harold “Pinky,” 233, 327, 343
Burrows, Emmet “Jim,” 326
Butcher, Harry, 60-61, 73, 212, 344
Butgenbach, 299
Butler, Bill, 287
C-47 Dakota, 64, 65, 78, 80, 81-84, 91-92, 103, 104, 238
Cadish, Harold, 90
Caen, 84, 179, 206, 207, 209, 220, 225
Cairo, 51
Camien, John, 115
Canadian army, 169, 223, 225, 247
casualties in, 210
D-Day landing site of,
see Juno Beach
cannons:
88mm, 109, 118, 119, 125, 161, 167, 176, 195, 213, 246, 263, 301
105mm, 253
155mm, 143, 150, 154-57, 176, 320
Carden, Carl, 100
carrier pigeons, 78
Casablanca, 40
Cassidy, Patrick, 114
CBS, 341
CCS (Combined Chiefs of Staff), 39, 52, 59, 207, 327, 344
“Charge of the Light Brigade, The” (Tennyson), 127, 186
Chequers, 39
Cherokee code talkers, 58
China-Burma-India theater, 205
Chinchar, Mike, 324
Christenson, Burton, 304
Christmas, of 1944, 288-89
Chumley, Donald, 287
Churchill, Sir Winston, 39, 51, 59, 66, 212, 337
cigarettes, 27, 75, 85, 142, 228, 295, 297, 334
Citizen Soldiers (Ambrose), 216, 225, 296, 353
civilians:
Belgian, 230
English Red Cross girl, 178-79
French, 126n, 168-69, 175, 227, 228, 309, 310, 311, 333
nation-by-nation comparison of, 333
Civil War, U.S., 206, 254, 266, 279, 295-296, 338
Clark Field, 16
cliff climbing, 31, 57, 117, 119, 143, 145-50
Closing with the Enemy (Doubler), 217
Cobb, John, 340
Cobra, Operation, 210-13, 220, 221
Cochran, John, 330
codes, 39, 58, 80, 149, 151, 210
Colby, John, 191, 199-200, 306, 319, 320-21
Cold War, 340
combat conditions, 295-307
in Battle of the Bulge, 285-89
in forest fighting, 266-71
foxholes and, 55, 56, 298-99, 305, 307
inexperience and, 97-98, 184, 315
psychology of, 303-4, 306-7, 314-15
in Rhineland battles, 311-17
senior officers’ ignorance of, 262-66, 296
training as insufficient for, 66, 82-83, 199, 292-93
trench foot and, 269, 300-301, 311, 314, 317, 347
unpredictability of reactions to, 88, 199, 200-201
see also hedgerows; night fighting
combat exhaustion, 314-15, 322-23
Combined Chiefs of Staff (CCS), 39, 52, 59, 207, 327, 344
Command and General Staff School, 224
commandos, British, 57, 144, 146, 179
Compton, Lynn, 92, 93, 94, 95, 98
concentration camps, 336-37, 338, 341-342
Congressional Medal of Honor, 98, 116
Cook, Julian, 242, 244, 245-46
Cooper, Belton, 214, 222, 256, 263
Cota, Norman “Dutch,” 122, 127, 130, 184, 197-98, 268
Cotentin Peninsula, 96
Craft, J. A. “Strawberry,” 296, 322
Craft, William, 296
Creully, 169
Culin, Curtis, 217
Cunningham, Andrew, 52
Custer, George, 239
Daniel, Derrill, 258
Davis, Chalmers, 297
Davis, Ralph, 148-49
Dawson, Joseph, 135-37, 138, 140, 184, 237-38, 253, 256-57, 258-60
D-Day, 69-187, 206, 254, 268, 269, 299
British landing sites on,
see Gold Beach; Sword Beach
Canadian landing site on,
see Juno Beach
casualty figures for, 97, 123, 169, 179, 187
description of sight of, 99, 185
Eisenhower’s “failure” press release prepared for, 74
Eisenhower’s Order of the Day issued for, 74-75, 350
equipment carried by troops on, 64, 75-78, 80-81, 123, 128, 132
fighter pilots in, 102-4
final exercises held before, 63-65
first company to hit the beach on, 107
first German counterattack made on, 162
French railway system bombarded before, 59
German prisoners taken on, 96, 97, 108, 110-11, 113, 115, 131, 137, 139, 152, 153, 179
Johnson’s pep talk delivered before, 78-79
most important shot fired on, 164
opening hours of, 86-104
postponement of, 69-73
takeoff and cross-Channel flight in, 79-85
training for, 55, 57-58, 65-66
twentieth anniversary of, 62, 186-87
U.S. landing sites on,
see Omaha Beach; Utah Beach see also Overlord, Operation
Deevers, Murray, 325
DeFilippo, Arthur, 83
de Guingand, Freddie, 231, 234
DeLisio, Joe, 325, 326-27, 328
Della-Volpe, Ralph, 112
Delury, John, 78
democracy, 281
citizen soldiers as product of, 67-68, 351-54
Eisenhower on, 182-83, 186-87, 351
moral superiority and, 285
war effort and, 37
deuce-and-a-half trucks, 215
Dibbern, Hans-Heinrich, 227-28
Distinguished Service Cross (DSC), 98, 116, 138, 186, 204
Ditmar, Robert, 125
Doenitz, Karl, 342-43
dogsled teams, 316
dragon’s teeth, 256, 317, 318, 321
Dresden, 341
Driant, Fort, 249-53
duds, 215-16
DUKW amphibious vehicle, 57, 145, 146
du Maurier, Daphne, 28
Dunkirk, 28
Dusseldorf, 230
Dutch East Indies, 17
Duus, Martin, 322-23
Eagle, Exercise, 63-65
Eastern Front, 27, 35, 46, 47, 48, 51, 170, 183, 222, 223, 314
Eastern Task Force (ETF), 186
Eben Emael, Fort, 230
Eifel Mountains, 254, 275, 282
Eighth Air Force, U.S., 143
8th Infantry Division, U.S., 270
8th Infantry Regiment, U.S.:
1st Battalion of, 106
2nd Battalion of, 107-12
80th Infantry Division, U.S., 303
82nd Airborne Division, U.S., 49, 78, 81, 91, 200, 205, 274, 302, 312, 313, 318, 340
D-Day landing site of, 105
invasion HQ of, 189
in Operation Market-Garden, 238, 239, 247
84th Infantry Division, U.S., 264, 288, 296, 297, 305-6
87th Mortar Battalion, U.S., 113
Eikner, James, 57-58, 144n, 145, 149, 151, 152-53, 155, 156-57
Eilendorf, 253
Eisenhower, Arthur, 46
Eisenhower, Dwight David, 35-63
appointed as commander of ETO, 36
appointed as Supreme Commander of AEF, 16, 51-54
Battle of the Bulge and, 273-75, 280, 283-84, 289
British-U.S. relations fostered by, 38, 39, 45, 47, 52-53
as celebrity, 36
character of, 16, 20-21, 36-37, 38, 43, 46-47, 49-50, 53, 60-61, 63, 206, 233, 235, 315
criticisms of decisions made by, 43-44, 49-50, 223-25, 235, 247-48, 273
and crossing of the Rhine, 327
D-Day failure press release written by, 74
Eisenhower, Dwight David, continued
D-Day “OK” given by, 69-73
D-Day Order of the Day issued by, 74-75, 350
on democracy, 182-83, 186-87, 351
diary entries of, 20-22, 35, 40, 70
direct vs. supervisory role of, 60, 73
early military career of, 16
ETO named by, 35
eyes of, 53
fatigue and anxiety felt by, 53, 60-61, 344, 345
German surrender to, 343-45
in Great Britain, 36-39
on his contribution to Overlord, 59-60
leadership style and philosophy of, 19, 22, 41-42, 43-44, 45, 49-50, 181-183
Marshall on accomplishments of, 346
Marshall’s relationship with, 18-19, 20-21
on Marshall’s staff, 16-22, 35-36
medals presented by, 138
military ranks held by, 16, 21, 272
as military theorist, 206-7, 211, 223-224
Montgomery compared with, 206
Montgomery’s relationship and disagreements with, 206-7, 208-10, 211-12, 224-25, 231-33, 234-35
North African invasion undercommand of, 39-48, 49
in occupied Germany, 345
Operation Northwind and, 308-9
and overrunning of Germany, 337-38, 341
Patton and, 59, 208, 224, 232-33, 234-35, 328
post-Overlord attack strategy of, 206-212, 223-24, 231-35, 254
promoted to General of the Army, 272
Replacement System and, 262-63
self-confidence of, 53-54
troops visited by, 62-63
on twentieth anniversary of D-Day, 62, 186-87
Eisenhower, Ida, 46
Eisenhower, Mamie, 46, 61, 328, 345
Eisenhower Center, 152n
Eisenhower Library, 181
Eisenhower’s Lieutenants (Weigley), 220-21
El Alamein, 42
11th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 250-52, 329
A Company of, 250
Elsenborn Ridge, 281-83, 287, 317
enfilade fire, 118, 147, 169-70
Enola Gay, 40
Erben, Fred, 138
Eureka/Rebecca Radar Beacon System, 78
European Theater of Operations:
Eastern Front in, 27, 35, 46, 47, 48, 51, 170, 183, 222, 223, 314
Eisenhower appointed to command of, 36
most popular division commander in, 239
naming of, 35
Falvey, William, 226
Faust, William, 322
Feiler, Samuel, 79
Fellers, Taylor, 119
Feuchtinger, Edgar, 48
fighter pilots, 102-4
1st Airborne Division, British, 28-29, 160, 238, 246-47
1st Armored Division, Polish, 227
1st Armored Division, U.S., 262, 299, 302
First Army, U.S., 196, 199, 231, 232, 233, 236, 250, 273, 284, 311, 329, 337, 341
G-2 intelligence unit of, 190
in Operation Cobra, 211-13, 220
in pursuit of German army, 220-21
in push to Germany, 254, 265, 266, 269, 327
First Bull Run, 279
1st Infantry Division, U.S., 46, 74, 143, 191, 258
D-Day landing site of, 105
nickname of, 131
1st Panzer Division, German, 282
4th Infantry Division, U.S., 74, 97, 105-116, 191, 205, 215, 226, 229, 236, 255, 266, 269
D-Day landing site of, 105, 106
D-Day successes of, 116
14th Armored Division, U.S., 309
42nd Infantry Division, U.S., 309
5th Ranger Battalion, U.S., 57, 149, 156
F Company of, 185
Fifteenth Army, German, 210
XV Corps, U.S., 208
50th Infantry Division, British, 105
501st Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S., 79, 84
E Company of, 201-5
F Company of, 204
502nd Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S., 82
1st Battalion of, 114
H Company of, 65
504th Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S., 242, 244-46
F Company of, 90-91
506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S., 79, 82, 90, 91, 186, 279
backgrounds of members of, 22-23
Battalion HQ Company of, 24
D Company of, 24
E Company of, 22-24, 25, 55, 63-65, 66, 92-98, 112, 290-92, 335-36, 349
F Company of, 24
2nd Battalion of, 24
507th Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S., 83
508th Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S., 78, 82, 84
Foch, Ferdinand, 298
Fordham University, 122
forest fighting, 266-71
Forsell, John, 268
forward observers (FOs), 97, 220, 267, 296
Fox, Dennis, 85, 158, 159, 161, 163
foxholes, 55, 66, 298-99, 305, 307
Allied push across, 220-36, 237
civilians in, 126n, 168-69, 175, 178-179, 227, 228, 309, 310, 311, 333
destruction of railway system in, 59
German occupation of, 183
1944 invasion of,
see D-Day; Overlord, Operation
number of U.S. troops in, 188, 210
proposed 1943 invasion of, 35, 48, 49, 51
see also Normandy
Fredendall, Lloyd, 42, 43, 44, 49
Free French, 74
Fruling, Robert, 152n
Furlong, Dan, 83
G-2 intelligence units, 190
Galdonick, Clair, 302
Gallagher, Richard, 138
Gardner, William, 129
gasoline supplies, 229-30, 236, 238, 249
Gault, James, 208
Gauthier, Sims, 106
Gellhorn, Martha, 341-42
Genget, Mlle, 168-69
Germany, Nazi, 230
air force of,
see Luftwaffe
Allied approach to, 220-36, 237-48
Allied forces in, 333-48
army of,
see Wehrmacht
civilians in, 333-35, 339, 342
divided into zones of occupation, 337
Gerow, Leonard, 44
Gerrie, Jack, 251-52
Gestapo, 309
Gianelloni, Edward “Buddy,” 197, 228-229
Gibbons, Sam, 75
Giller, Edward, 103-4
GIs, 349-54
Glasgow, HMS, 153
Glider Pilot Regiment, British, 84
gliders, 29, 30, 80, 81, 84-85, 86, 91, 104, 241
bombing attack made on, 101-2, 164-165
landing at, 164-68
resort houses at, 164
sectors of, 167
Gray, Billy, 31, 80, 81, 84, 86, 161-62
Gray, Glenn, 163, 291, 303, 335
national character of, 333
Overlord buildup and training in, 54-68
Great Depression, 23-24
Green, Charles, 216
grenades, 30, 75, 87, 161, 296, 298
thermite, 155
Griffing, Len, 84
Griswold containers, 75
Guards, Armored Division, British, 242, 247
Guarnere, Bill, 92, 93, 94, 98
Guderian, Heinz, 227
Gunther, Helmut, 221
Haig, Douglas, 265
Haislip, Wade, 208
Halifax bombers, 84
Hall, John D., 96
Halsted, Henry, 353
Hanks, Clayton, 132
Hansen, Herman, 25
Harris, Arthur, 59
Havener, J. K., 101
Hawaii, 18
Hawley, Paul, 300
Hayes, Harold, 290
Healey, Robert, 142
Hechler, Ken, 324
hedgerows, 92, 154, 185, 188-97, 200, 206, 208, 210, 221, 238, 254
lack of prior intelligence about, 188-189, 190-91
tanks and, 195-97, 212-17, 220, 222
training for combat in, 191, 195
Heinz, W. C., 239, 257, 258-59, 260
Henry V (Shakespeare), 177
Herron, A. P., 290
Hester, Clarence, 24, 25, 96, 202, 203n
Heuer, Richard, 305
Hickey, Jim, 123
Hicks, Herb, 134
Higgins, Marguerite, 342
Higgins boat (LCVP), 69, 106, 107, 112, 119, 120, 122, 124, 128, 131, 133, 144
Hill, Jacob, 154
Hill, Ralph, 279-80
Hindenburg, Paul von, 298
Hiroshima, 143
Hitler, Adolf, 15, 47, 48, 61, 67, 80, 103, 125, 183, 187, 193, 225, 242, 258, 273, 274, 275, 282, 308, 315, 331, 338, 340
suicide of, 342
Hitler Jugend (Youth), 168, 234, 330, 338, 339
Hobart, Percy, 165n
Hodges, Courtney, 221n, 224, 265, 266, 269, 272, 273, 323, 327-28, 337
Holland,
see Netherlands
Holmlund, Robert, 250
Honan, Josh, 170-75
Honey, Oakley, 317
Hooper, Tony, 85
Horrocks, Brian, 242, 246, 264
horses, German artillery drawn by, 170, 223, 226
Houch, “Rusty,” 96
Howard, John, 184
background of, 29-30
on D-Day, 86, 89, 158-59, 160, 161, 162, 164, 179
in D-Day takeoff, 80-81, 84-85
ranks held by, 30
training as led by, 30-34
Howell, Raymond, 131
Huebner, Clarence, 143-44, 155
Hurtgen, Battle of, 254, 266-71, 317
Idelson, George, 323
Indochina, 15
infantry, role of, 140
Ingersoll, Ralph, 269, 299-300
Iran, 51
Italian civilians, 333
Italy, 42, 48-49, 51, 56, 189, 234
Iwo Jima, 194
Jahnke, Arthur, 107-8
Janus, Raymond, 262
Japan, 35
jeeps, 215
Jews:
blood “contamination” and, 332
in concentration camps, 336-37, 338, 341-42
Nazi program against, 47
slave labor by, 215-16
Johnson, Howard “Jumpy,” 78-79
Johnson, L. “Legs,” 113-14
Johnson, Sigie, 175-76
Julian, John, 290
description of, 169-70
landing at, 171-76
obstacles on, 169-70, 172, 173-74
Kalberer, Stanley, 305-6
Kall trail, 268
Kampfgruppe Meyer, 128
Kaspers, Walter, 227
Kasserine Pass, 42, 43, 44, 45, 47, 55
Keller, John, 243
Kelly Field, 181
Kennedy, John F., 350
Kenser, Thomas, 124
Kerchner, George, 145, 147, 149, 150-151
Kindersley, James, 33
King, C. K., 177
King, Ernest J., 21-22
Kirk, Alan G., 71-72
Kischkel, Gottfried, 286
Klare, Tommy, 163
knives, 64, 75, 79, 90, 91, 171, 174, 255
Kobe, George, 129
Kraiss, Dietrich, 128
Krefeld, 321
Krinkelt, 283
Kuhn, Jack, 154
Laird, Sergeant, 120
Landsberg, 336-37
Landsberg-on-Lech, 342
Langrune, 169
Larsen, Harold, 324
Lauer, Walter, 317
LCA (landing craft, assault), 119-20, 144, 145, 146, 147, 164, 173, 174, 177
LCC (landing craft, control), 106
LCI (landing craft, infantry), 177, 179
LCM (landing craft, medium), 167
LCT (landing craft, tank), 106-7, 164, 165, 166, 172, 177
LCT(R) (landing craft, tank [rocket]), 105, 172
LCVP (landing craft vehicle, personnel) (Higgins boat), 69, 106, 107, 112, 119, 120, 122, 124, 128, 131, 133, 144
leadership, 32, 127, 128, 130-31, 140-141, 239, 241, 312, 353-54
Cota’s lesson in, 197-98
Eisenhower’s style and philosophy of, 19, 22, 41-42, 43-44, 45, 49-50, 181-83
see also officers, junior; officers, non-commissioned; officers, senior
Leavenworth, Fort, 224
LeCrone, Penrose, 301
Lee, Robert E., 338
Lees, Howard, 108-9
Leigh-Mallory, Trafford, 70, 71, 73, 86
Leinbaugh, Harold, 302
Lend-Lease program, 214
Leningrad-Moscow canal, 27
Les-Dunes-de-Varreville, 106, 108-9
Lewis, William, 130-31
Libya, 42
Liebling, A. J., 119
Liege, 274
lieutenants, 269
Eisenhower on, 181-82
replacement, 260-62
Lindblad, Arnold, 304
Lion-sur-Mer, 176
Lipton, Carwood, 24, 25, 92, 93, 95, 97, 98, 203-4, 291, 306-7
Lisko, Louis, 152n
London, 36, 37, 38-39, 56, 65, 211, 258n
London Fire Department, ladders donated by, 57, 145-46, 156
Lovelace, Roger, 100-101
Low, Rex, 185
LST (landing ship, tank), 58, 156, 171, 172
Luck, Hans von, 27-28, 47-48, 160, 309-11
Ludendorff Bridge, 324-27
Luftwaffe, 55, 100, 102, 103, 239, 242
Lydon, John, 352-53
MacArthur, Douglas, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 62, 272
McKeogh, Mickey, 272
McKinney, Benjamin, 126
MacPhee, John, 132
Mahlmann, Paul, 267
Maimone, Salva, 156
Malarkey, Don, 92, 93, 94, 98, 204, 205
Malaya, 15
Malmedy, 255
Maloney, John, 204
Mark, Irv, 317-18
Market-Garden, Operation, 238-48
assessment of, 247-48
Marshall, George C., 39, 42, 43, 44, 46, 48, 51-52, 53, 62, 261, 272, 315, 328
Eisenhower on staff of, 16-22, 35-36
on Eisenhower’s accomplishments, 346
Eisenhower’s relationship with, 18-19, 20-21
Martin, John, 314
Masny, Otto, 151
Materne, Gunter, 225, 288, 338-39
Matheson, S. L., 24
Mazzara, Buddy, 138
medics, 110, 122, 149, 197, 203, 204, 241, 284, 296, 305, 332
Mediterranean, allied offensives in, 28, 48-50, 67
Meigs, Sylvester, 347
Mellett, Francis, 290
Merville battery, 176
Meuse-Argonne, 266
Meyer, Werner, 100
Millin, Bill, 177
Milosevich, Risto, 278
mines, land, 111, 135, 138, 139, 170, 176, 240, 255-56, 318
Mark IV antitank, 75
S- (Bouncing Betties), 110, 254-55
Miracle of the West, 231
Moder River, 310
Montebourg, 116
Montgomery, Bernard Law, 16, 63, 71, 73, 234, 272, 275, 337
and crossing of Rhine, 327
on Eisenhower, 54
Eisenhower compared with, 206
Eisenhower’s relationship and disagreements with, 206-7, 208-10, 211-12, 224-25, 231-33, 234-35
Goodwood and, 209-10
Operation Market-Garden and, 238, 247
Operation Plunder and, 321, 322, 323, 328, 329
Moore, Walter, 24
Morgan, Frederick, 343
Morgan, George, 266
Moriarity, William, 99
Morphis, Bert, 302
Morse code, 152
mortars, 31, 118, 155, 191, 193, 203, 295, 301, 305
percentage of U.S. casualties caused by, 195
Mountbatten, Lord Louis, 38
Muck, Warren “Skip,” 205, 290, 292
Mulberry harbors, 180
Murdoch, Gil, 122
Murphy, Donald, 319
Murrow, Edward R., 341
Myers, Bob, 113
Nance, E. Ray, 121
Napoleon I, Emperor of France, 22, 328
Nash, Leo, 121
NCOs,
see officers, non-commissioned
Neilson, Jock, 89
Netherlands, 15, 223, 230, 333
Operation Market-Garden in, 238-48
New York, N.Y., 19
New Yorker, 269
New York Herald Tribune, 342
New York Times, 341
New Zealand, 18
night fighting:
at Orne Canal bridge, 161-64
technology and, 295-96
Niland, Bob, 205
Niland, Fritz, 205
9th Armored Division, U.S., 267-68
in push to Germany, 254, 265, 322
9th Infantry Division, U.S., 266-67, 324
9th Panzer Grenadier Division, German, 246
90th Infantry Division, U.S., 208, 226, 227, 302, 319, 330, 332, 346-47
99th Infantry Division, U.S., 276, 279, 281, 287, 302, 303, 317
902nd Panzer Grenadier Regiment, German, 227
959th Panzer Grenadier Regiment, German, 223
Norfleet, Willard, 129
Norfolk, Va., 40
Normandy, 48, 221, 225, 234, 240
British landing sites in,
see Gold Beach; Sword Beach
Canadian landing site in,
see Juno Beach
Eisenhower’s visits to, 207-8, 211
ex-soldiers’ return visits to, 126n, 152n, 153
hedgerows of,
see hedgerows
relative positions of beaches in, 105
stone farm houses of, 197
troop strengths in, 210
U.S. landing sites in,
see Omaha Beach; Utah Beach
Normandy, Battle of, statistics for, 228
Norris, F. W., 332
North Africa, 27, 39-48, 49, 50, 51, 67, 131, 223
German surrender in, 46
number of prisoners taken in, 46
U.S. casualties in, 47
Northern Ireland, 54
Northwest Europe, Battle of, 261
Northwind, Operation, 308-11
Norway, 15
Nutt, Dave, 303
observation posts (OPs), 297, 304
officer candidate school (OCS), 24
officers:
Eisenhower on responsibility of, 63, 181-82
German, 48, 183-84, 225, 226, 230-231
in SHAEF, 60
officers, junior, 32, 67, 127, 138, 140, 141, 193, 196, 212, 275, 281, 300, 311-12, 347, 351, 353
average age of, 188
in basic training, 25
Eisenhower on, 181-82
German, 225
replacement, 260-62
turnover among, 311
see also lieutenants
officers, non-commissioned (NCOs), 25, 67, 127, 138, 140, 141, 170, 193, 275, 281, 311-12, 347, 351, 353
officers, senior, 44, 267-68, 300
as ignorant of battle conditions, 262-266, 296
most beloved, 239
see also leadership
Okinawa, 194
Omaha Beach, 49, 58, 70, 105, 117-42, 143, 149, 151, 155, 156, 185-87, 188, 191, 196, 198, 201, 230, 238
Dog Green sector of, 123
Dog Red sector of, 123
Dog White sector of, 124
Easy Green sector of, 123-24
Fox Red sector of, 131
German system of defenses at, 118-19
lack of German counterattack at, 128
landing at, 119-42
physical description of, 117-18
U.S. cemetery at, 136n
101st Airborne Division (Screaming Eagles), U.S., 22, 25, 81, 112, 115, 304, 306
in Battle of the Bulge, 274, 279, 284, 285
in D-Day dress rehearsal, 63-65
D-Day landing site of, 105
in Nazi Germany, 335
103rd Infantry Division, U.S., 261, 322
104th Infantry Division, U.S., 316-17
104th Medical Battalion, U.S., 304
106th Infantry Division, U.S., 280, 319
116th Parachute Infantry Regiment, U.S., 75, 119-31, 132
B Company of, 124-25
D Company of, 55, 124, 129-30, 131
F Company of, 120, 123-24, 127
I Company of, 124
L Company of, 131
M Company of, 124
2nd Battalion of, 127
121st Infantry Division, U.S., 270
149th Combat Engineers, U.S., 142
158th Grenadier Infantry Regiment, German, 1st Battalion of, 192
Oran, 42
Orne Canal, 176
Orne Canal bridge, 80, 86-90, 91, 158-164
Orne River bridge, 158
Ost battalion troops, German, 170, 183
Our Hearts Were Young and Gay (Skinner), 142
“over here … under Eisenhower” quips, 56
Overlord, Operation, 49
Allied air superiority in, 58, 60, 70-71
Allied vs. German advantages in, 58, 161
delayed by North African campaign, 39
Eisenhower appointed as commander of, 51-52
importance of individual soldiers and officers in, 62, 67, 92, 110, 114-16, 127, 140, 164, 183-84, 199
number of troops in, 54-55
preparations and planning for, 51-68
see also D-Day
Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry, British:
D Company of, 29-34, 84-85, 86-90, 158-64, 179
in D-Day takeoff, 80-81, 84-85
nickname of, 29
training of, 30-34
Oyler, Sherman, 84
P-47 Thunderbolt, 102-4, 222, 246, 312
German name for, 221
Pacific Theater, 16-18, 35, 45
pacifism, 46
Padberg, Walter, 223, 225-26, 227
panzerfausts, 195, 196, 216, 230, 234, 251
Paris, 59, 207, 221, 225, 231, 233, 259-260, 275
Parish, Arnold “Ben,” 305
Parisians, 333
Parker, Charles, 156
Parr, Wally:
in Channel crossing, 80, 81, 84-85
Ox and Bucks joined by, 29
Patch, Alexander, 308
pathfinder planes, 99
pathfinders, 78
Patton, George S., 16, 62, 63, 210, 231, 236, 247, 264, 265, 272, 273, 316, 319-20, 323, 337
all-out attack sought by, 224-25
Battle of the Bulge and, 274-75
Eisenhower and, 59, 224, 234-35, 328
on offense vs. defense, 320
in pursuit of German army, 221, 223, 224, 225, 228
Replacement System and, 262-63
Rhine’s level raised by, 328-29
Pearl Harbor, 15
Peiper, Jochen, 282
Pemberton, James, 331
Pennsylvania National Guard, 268
Perconte, Frank, 25
Perrett, Marvin, 112-13
Peszek, Henry, 135
Peterson, Kenneth, 138
Petrencsik, Joe, 325
Petty, William “L-Rod,” 148, 154
Peyton, Wesley, 287
“phony war,” 28
Piat (projector infantry antitank) gun, 30, 159, 161, 162-63
Pickersgill, Harold, 178
Pilck, Joe, 135
pillboxes, 118, 256, 317-18, 319-21
Plunder, Operation, 321, 322, 323, 328, 329
PLUTO (pipe line under the ocean), 230
destruction of German artillery at, 57, 150, 152, 154-57
landing at, 143-45
location of, 143
U.S. casualties at, 151, 153, 156
Polek, Lee, 123
Popilski, Ben, 240
prisoners of war, 223, 227, 288
German, 96, 97, 108, 110-11, 113, 115, 131, 137, 139, 152, 153, 179, 270, 304, 311, 317-18, 319, 326, 329, 334, 335-36, 338-40
productivity, U.S., 22, 67, 312
proximity fuses, 277
Pruden, Joe, 269
Pyle, Ernie, 139-40
Queen Mary, 55
Rader, Robert, 23
Radzom, Paul, 138
railways, French, destruction of, 59
Ramsay, Bertram, 70, 71, 72, 73, 185-86
Ramsbury, 65
Ranville, 158
Ray, John, 91
rear echelon, Craft’s definition of, 296
Rebarcheck, Lieutenant, 108
Red Army, 15, 27, 35, 46, 139, 168, 214, 234, 314, 334, 340, 343, 353
in drive to Berlin, 337-38, 341
Red Ball Express, 229
refugees, from occupied Europe, 54
Reilly, Pat, 310
Reims, 343-45
Remagen, 324, 326, 327, 328, 330
Replacement System, 262-63, 293-94
replacement troops, 188-89, 260-64, 273, 280, 290, 292, 293-94, 311-12, 314, 334
Repple Depples (Replacement Depots), 262, 292, 293, 347
Resistance, 183
Reville, John, 185
Rhineland battles, 308-32
aftermath of, 330-32
combat conditions in, 311-17
and crossing of Rhine River, 324-29
German prisoners taken in, 317-18, 319, 326, 329
Operation Northwind, 308-11
Operation Plunder, 321, 322, 323, 328, 329
U.S. vs. German artillery strength in, 312
Rhine River, 223, 234, 247, 254, 266, 309
Allied crossing of, 321, 324-29
Patton’s relief at crossing of, 328-29
rhino ferries, 58
Richardson, Elliot, 110
Riddle, Clinton, 318-19
rifles:
Browning Automatic (BAR), 123, 152, 154, 155, 194, 278
M-1, 75
MG-42, 193
in 3rd FJ vs. 29th Division, 194
Roach, George, 122
Robertson, Clarence “Pilgrim,” 125
Robinson, John, 101
Rocherath, 283
rocket launchers, multibarreled, 48
Rogosch, Adolf, 191
Roland, Charles, 263, 281, 293, 302
Romania, 47
Romanian army, 15
Rome, 49
and building of Atlantic Wall, 48
and defenses at Omaha Beach, 118
Germany’s defeat predicted by, 47
in North Africa, 27, 42, 43, 45, 47
Roosevelt, Franklin D., 18, 21, 39, 51-52
Roosevelt, Theodore, 107
Roosevelt, Theodore, Jr., 107, 108-10, 111, 184
Rote, Larry, 130
Roundup, Operation, 48, 49, 51
Royal Air Force, British, 26, 166, 172
Royal Engineers, British, 164
Royal Marines, British, 168
Royal Navy, British, 26, 165-66, 172
Rudder, James, 143-44, 145, 147, 149, 151, 152, 153, 155
Rundstedt, Gerd von, 298
Rupinski, Frank, 155
Russell, Ken, 90-91
Sabia, John, 302-3
St.-Co me-de-Fresne, 168-69
Ste.-Mere-Eglise, 90, 91, 92, 189, 192, 197, 241
Saint-Germain, 272
St.-Laurent, 180
St.-Lo, 215, 216, 229, 238, 255
St.-Malo, 224-25
St.-Martin-de-Varreville, 114
St. Paul’s Cathedral, 258 n
St.-Vith, 236
Salerno, 49
Sales, Robert, 124
Salomon, Sidney, 196
Sam Houston, Fort, 16
Sampson, Francis, 205
Sampson, Otis, 240, 242, 243, 244
Sanders, Gus, 347
Sanders, Ray, 101
Sandhurst, 63
Satterlee, USS, 145, 148, 152-53, 155
Schilling, Walter, 129
Schlemmer, D. Zane, 240, 312-13, 330-331
Schmeisser submachine-gun, 200
Schmidt, Hans, 267
Schultz, Arthur “Dutch,” 83, 200-201, 238, 239, 302, 347
Schwarz, Heinz, 326-27
Seaborne, Ronald, 167-68
seasickness, 112-13, 119, 126, 128, 132, 166, 167, 171
2nd Armored Division, U.S., 217, 267
743rd Tank Battalion of, 229, 230
Second Army, British, 209, 210, 211, 238, 246
2nd Infantry Division, U.S., 281, 283, 305
2nd Panzer Division, German, 222
2nd Ranger Battalion, U.S., 57, 143-57, 196
A Company of, 149
B Company of, 149
D Company of, 143, 144, 145, 147, 151, 154
F Company of, 143, 151, 152, 154
6th Airborne Division, British, 176, 246
Air Landing Brigade of, 84, 91, 158, 160
D-Day landing site of, 105, 158
East Yorkshire Regiment of, 176, 177
South Lancashire Regiment of, 176
Suffolk Regiment of, 176
16th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 131-41, 185
C Company of, 138-39
F Company of, 135
G Company of, 135-41, 237, 238, 253, 256-57, 258-60
in North Africa and Sicily, 131
2nd Battalion of, 127, 133-34, 137
69th Infantry Division, U.S., 306
644th Tank Destroyer Battalion, U.S., 283
7th Armored Division, U.S., 273
Seventh Army, German, 172
Seventh Army, U.S., 308, 309, 310, 311, 323, 341
17th Panzer Grenadiers, German, 221
70th Tank Battalion, U.S., 111
79th Armoured Division, British, 165n
79th Infantry Division, U.S., 197, 229, 309
709th Infantry Division, German, 107
716th Infantry Division, German, 169, 170
1st Panzer Engineering Company of, 160, 163
2nd Panzer Engineering Company of, 160
741st Tank Battalion, U.S., 283
743rd Tank Battalion, U.S., 58
747th Tank Battalion, U.S., 212, 213
segregation, in U.S. Army, 23
self-inflicted wounds, 301-2
self-propelled vehicle (SPV), 48, 296, 320
sergeants, 311-12
Service of Supply, 229
SHAEF,
see Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force
Shakespeare, William, 177
Shearer, Penrose, 90
Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry, British, 264
Shettle, Charles, 79
Shindell, John, 290
Shoff, Guy, 156
Shroeder, John, 138-39
Sicily, 45, 48-49, 51, 131, 189, 299
Sidlowski, Walter, 57
Siegfried Line, 225, 230, 231, 236, 238, 253, 254, 255, 260, 264, 308, 317, 318, 319, 321, 323
signal lamps, 152-53
Simmons, Conrad, 109, 110, 111
Sisk, Wayne, 25
Skinner, Cornelia Otis, 142
Skocz, Joe, 322
Slape, Bill, 276-77
Slater, “Duke,” 144
Slaughter, John R., 55, 74, 129-30
slave labor, 215-16, 231, 338, 342
sleep deprivation, 303
Smith, R. “Sandy,” 81, 85, 87, 88, 159, 161
Smith, Thor, 63
Smith, Walter B., 71, 72, 73, 74, 208, 209, 211, 231, 274, 343
Somme, Battle of the, 132, 265
South, Frank, 145, 147, 149, 151
Soviet Union, 345
army of,
see Red Army
German invasion of, 27, 183, 222, 223
Spain, 40
Spaulding, John, 134-35, 137, 138, 140, 184
special units, 58
sports, 31
SPV (self-propelled vehicle), 48
SS, 227, 246, 257, 264, 285, 332, 336, 338, 339, 342
Stark, Phillip, 288-89
Steckel, Francis, 293-94
Steele, John, 90-91
Stefanich, Anthony, 241, 347, 354
Stephens, Allen, 99
Stewart, Ed, 307
sticks, of paratroopers, 82
Stone, Major, 173-74
Storms, Sergeant, 126
Streczyk, Philip, 138
Street, Jack, 156
street fighting, 201
Strohl, Rod, 202
Strong, Kenneth, 71, 233, 273, 274, 343
Studebaker trucks, 214
“suicide squads,” 57
Sullivan, Richard, 184
Summers, Harrison, 114-16
Sundby, Sigurd, 148
supply lines:
German, 43
U.S., 311
Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), 59, 69, 208, 209, 229, 231, 233, 264, 272, 273, 274, 327, 344, 353
G-2 intelligence unit of, 190, 228, 339
total strength of, 60
Susloparoff, Ivan, 343
Swanage, 57
Swanson, Vernon, 281, 282, 306, 317, 318
Sweeney, H. J. “Tod,” 31, 85, 90, 148, 158, 160
Sweeney, John, 299
Sword Beach, 101-2, 105, 118, 158, 176-79
Tallerday, Jack, 347
Talybont, HMS, 145
tankdozers, 250
tanks, 55, 158-59, 160, 176, 207, 221, 228, 238, 249, 270, 296, 297
“brewing up” of, 195
bulldozer, 106
tanks, continued
DD (swimming), 58, 105-6, 107, 131, 134, 175, 176
dozer, 212
dragon’s teeth and, 256
Goliath, 107
hedgerows and, 195-97, 212-17, 220, 222
Hobart’s Funnies, 165
men crushed by, 313
1944 production figures for, 213
Panzer (Panther), 213, 222, 257, 263, 273, 283
panzerfausts and, 195, 196, 216, 230, 234, 251
Piat gun used against, 161, 162-63
Royal Navy rules for guidance for, 165-66
Sherman, 106, 109, 111, 165, 195-96, 212-17, 229, 230, 242, 243, 246, 250, 251, 257, 283
T-34, 214
training in use of, 262
Tatara, Ed, 135
Taylor, John, 84
Tedder, Arthur, 59, 70, 71, 72, 73, 208, 209, 212, 233, 343
Teheran, 51
Ten Commandments, 78
Tennyson, Alfred Lord, 127, 186
10th Airborne Division, U.S., 274
10th Armored Division, U.S., 273, 284, 299
10th SS Division, German, 264
Texas, USS, 143
3rd Armored Division, U.S., 263, 266-267
Third Army, U.S., 16, 210, 220, 236, 247, 273, 311
casualties in, 264
at Driant, 249-53
in pursuit of German army, 220, 223, 224, 225, 228
in push to Germany, 254, 264, 265, 323
Rhine crossed by, 328-29
3rd Fallschirmja ger Division, German, 193-94
3rd Infantry Division, British, 105, 158
King’s Own Scottish Borderers Regiment of, 177
King’s Shropshire Light Infantry Regiment of, 177
Lincolnshire Regiment of, 177
Royal Norfolk Regiment of, 177
Royal Ulster Rifles Regiment of, 177
Royal Warwickshire Regiment of, 177
Third Infantry Division, Canadian, 105, 170
Regina Rifle Regiment of, 171
Royal Winnipeg Rifle Regiment of, 171, 172, 175-76
30th Infantry Division, U.S., 258
314th Infantry Division, U.S., 296
320th Barrage Balloon Battalion (Colored), U.S., 58
323rd Group, U.S., 216
325th Glider Infantry Division, U.S., 318-19
327th Infantry Division, U.S., 204
328th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 323, 347
333rd Infantry Regiment, U.S., 321-22
352nd Infantry Division, German, 195, 216
915th Regiment of, 128
353rd Infantry Division, German, 191, 267
394th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 282-83
I&R platoon of, 275-80
395th Infantry Regiment, U.S., C Company of, 281-82, 306, 317
397th Bomb Group, U.S., 99
12th Armored Division, U.S., 342
Twelfth Army Group, U.S., 221n, 231, 265-66, 274, 329
12th Infantry Regiment, U.S., 112-13
XX Corps, U.S., 252
21st Army Group, U.S., 231, 232, 233, 234, 274, 337
21st Panzer Division, German, 48, 179
192nd Regiment of, 160
25th Panzer Division, German, 309
27th Armored Infantry Battalion, U.S., 324-27
28th Infantry Division, U.S., 268-69
29th Infantry Division, U.S., 55, 74, 191, 193, 197, 212, 216
115th Regiment of, 185
D-Day landing site of, 105
monument dedicated to, 126n
“three divisions” saying of, 292
200th Flotilla, British, 177
237th Engineer Combat Battalion, U.S., 106, 109
275th Infantry Division, German, 267
299th Engineer Combat Battalion, U.S., 106, 109
Thomas, Charles, 133
Thompson, George, 307
Thornton, Jacqueline, 178-79
Thornton, John, 178
Thornton, M. C. “Wagger,” 85, 161, 162-63
Tibbets, Paul, 40
Tidrick, Edward, 121
Tidworth Barracks, 55
Tighe, Lieutenant, 111
Timmermann, Karl, 324, 325, 326, 327, 328, 330
Tlapa, Ladislaw, 90
Tobruks, 118
Torch, Operation, 39-48, 49, 50, 52
tracer bullets, 82, 84, 90, 146, 163
training, 44, 129, 140, 147, 156, 256
in British army, 28, 30-34, 161, 162, 166
for forest fighting, 268
for hedgerow fighting, 191, 195
as insufficient for actual combat, 66, 82-83, 199, 292-93
for night fighting, 33, 48, 55
of replacements, 160-61, 293-94
in Wehrmacht, 48, 128, 191, 193-94, 195
Transportation Plan, 59-60, 100
Tremblay, Frank, 78
trenches:
at Omaha Beach, 118
at Pointe-du-Hoc, 150-51
in World War I, 298
trench foot, 269, 300-301, 311, 314, 317, 347
Trevor, Travis, 146
Troop Carrier Command, 65
True, William, 82
Tunis, 46
Tunisia, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48
UDT (Underwater Demolition Team), British, 164, 165, 173, 176
Uncle Red Beach, 106
Underkofler, Jim, 316-17
Uppottery airfield, 63-64
USO shows, 296
Utah Beach, 58, 70, 97, 99, 105-16, 118, 143, 154, 188, 191, 197, 201, 205, 269, 347
action inland from, 113-16
bombing runs on, 100-101, 105, 107
destruction of German battery at, 97
landing at, 105-14
Tare Green sector of, 106
Valance, Thomas, 120-21
Vander Beek, Howard, 106
Vandervoort, Ben, 189-90, 191, 192-93, 242, 243, 246
Van de Voort, Leo, 131
Vaux, 169
Verdun, 274
Vermeer, Elmer “Dutch,” 146, 152, 153, 156
Versailles, 272
Vierville, 118, 119, 123, 126n, 144, 149, 150, 153
Virginia Wilderness, 206, 254, 266
Volkssturm divisions, German, 280, 339
volunteers, 170-71
Vonnegut, Kurt, 280
Waal River, 244-46
Wales, 54
Wallace, Richard, 303
Wallwork, Jim, 81, 84, 86, 159
Walter Reed Hospital, 239
War Department, U.S., 16, 181, 205, 274, 285, 312
War Plans Division (WPD), 17
Philippines and Far Eastern Section of, 18
Warriors, The (Gray), 163
Warspite, HMS, 176
Wartime (Fussell), 98
Washington, William, 137
in Battle of the Bulge, 281-82, 283, 299-300
on D-Day, 101
D-Day delayed by, 69-73
foxholes and, 298-99
weather conditions, continued
Operation Cobra and, 210-11
Webb, Harold, 290
Webb, Kenneth, 290
Webster, David Kenyon, 26, 56, 290, 291-92, 306, 333-35
ages of troops of, 170
civilians and, 227
comradeship in, 222
fighting zeal of, 315
hedgerow training in, 191
in North Africa, 27-28, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48
number of divisions in Normandy of, 210
officers of, 48, 183-84, 225, 226, 230-231
political blunders made by, 183
in retreat, 220-31
in Soviet Union, 27, 183, 222, 223
surrender of, 343-45
training in, 48, 128, 191, 193-94, 195
troops of, 48
Weigley, Russell, 220-21
Wellington, Duke of, 261
Western Task Force (WTF), 186
Whinney, Brian T., 169
Whiteley, J.F.M., 274
Whittington, George, 184
Wilck, Gerhard, 258
Wilkes, Sergeant, 122
Wilson, George, 215, 226, 229, 236, 255
Wilson, Woodrow, 183
Winters, Richard, 23, 24, 92, 94-96, 97, 98, 184, 186, 201, 203 n, 204-5, 279, 280, 336-37
Wisconsin-Madison, University of, 351
Witt, Henry, 121
Wood, David, 31, 80, 85, 88-89
World War I, 132, 193, 207, 220, 254, 265, 266, 289, 298, 352
World War II:
theaters of,
see China-Burma-India theater; European Theater of Operations; Pacific Theater
unpreparedness of democracies at start of, 15
Wray, Waverly, 189-90, 191-93, 241, 354
WTF (Western Task Force), 186
Yalta conference (1945), 337
York, Alvin, 193
Zafft, Robert, 185
Zeitner, Herman R., 347
Ziegelmann, Fritz, 216
Zittats, Walter, 350-51