Introduction
1. “U.S. Won’t Ban Media from New Orleans Searches,” CNN, September 11, 2005.
2. Meghan Martin, “FEMA: Photo Request Not a Directive,” Poynter Online, September 8, 2005.
3. Eric Lipton, “Republicans’ Report on Katrina Assails Administration Response,” New York Times, February 13, 2006.
4. Democracy Now!, August 31, 2005.
5. Office of the Press Secretary, The White House, May 24, 2005.
6. “New Realities in the Media Age: A Conversation with Donald Rumsfeld,” Transcript, Council on Foreign Relations, February 17, 2006.
7. Andrew Buncombe, “The U.S. Propaganda Machine: Oh What a Lovely War,” The Independent (UK), March 30, 2006.
8. Ibid.
9. “New Realities in the Media Age: A Conversation with Donald Rumsfeld,” February 17, 2006.
10. Thomas Ricks, “Military Plays Up Role of Zarqawi,” Washington Post, April 10, 2006.
11. Ibid.
12. James Risen and Eric Lichtblau, “Bush Lets U.S. Spy on Callers Without Courts,” New York Times, December 16, 2005.
13. “The Secret Downing Street Memo,” London Times, May 1, 2005.
14. “If It’s Sunday, It’s Conservative,” Media Matters for America, February 14, 2006. http://mediamatters.org/static/pdf/MMFA_Sunday_Show_Report.pdf
1: Outlaw Nation
1. Mark Danner, “Abu Ghraib: The Hidden Story,” New York Review of Books, October 7, 2004.
2. “President Bush Discusses Freedom in Iraq and Middle East,” Office of the Press Secretary, White House, November 6, 2003.
3. Arnon Regular, “ ‘Road map is a life saver for us,’ PM Abbas tells Hamas,” Ha’aretz, June 26, 2003.
4. Stephen Grey, “United States: Trade in Torture,” Le Monde Diplomatique, April 2005.
5. Democracy Now!, November 7, 2003.
6. Andrew Higgins and Christopher Cooper, “Cloak and Dagger: A CIA-Backed Team Used Brutal Means to Crack Terror Cell,” Wall Street Journal, November 20, 2001.
7. Jane Mayer, “Outsourcing Torture,” The New Yorker, February 14, 2005.
8. Higgins and Cooper, November 20, 2001.
9. “Arar Lawyers Criticize U.S. Envoy for Comments,” Associated Press, December 27, 2005.
10. U.S. Department of State, “Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Syria,” 2001 Human Rights Report, Washington, D.C., March 4, 2002. http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2001/nea/8298.htm
11. Democracy Now!, February 27, 2006.
12. Tim Harper, “U.S. Ruling Dismisses Arar Lawsuit,” Toronto Star, February 17, 2006.
13. Craig Whitlock, “Italians Detail Lavish CIA Operation; 13 Charged in ’03 Abduction Allegedly Stayed in Finest Hotels,” Washington Post, June 26, 2005.
14. Ibid.
15. Ibid.
16. Craig Whitlock, “CIA Ruse Is Said to Have Damaged Probe in Milan; Italy Allegedly Misled on Cleric’s Abduction,” Washington Post, December 6, 2005.
17. Ibid.
18. U.S. Department of State, “Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Egypt,” 2002 Human Rights Report, Washington, D.C., March 31, 2003. http://www.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2002/18274.htm
19. Democracy Now!, December 7, 2005.
20. Whitlock, December 6, 2005.
21. Stephen Grey, “America’s Gulag,” New Statesman, May 17, 2004.
22. Whitlock, December 6, 2005.
23. Tracy Wilkinson, “Italy Seeks Former U.S. Diplomat in Kidnapping,” Los Angeles Times, September 30, 2005.
24. Mayer, February 14, 2005.
25. Douglas Jehl, “Qaeda-Iraq Link U.S. Cited Is Tied to Coercion Claim,” New York Times, December 9, 2005.
26. Douglas Jehl, “Report Warned Bush Team About Intelligence Doubts,” New York Times, November 6, 2005.
27. Democracy Now!, December 7, 2005.
28. Dana Priest, “Wrongful Imprisonment: The Anatomy of a CIA Mistake,” Washington Post, December 4, 2005.
29. Ibid.
30. Ibid.
31. Ibid.
32. “Extraordinary Rendition: Statement of Khaled El-Masri,” American Civil Liberties Union, December 6, 2005. http://www.aclu.org/safefree/extraordinaryrendition/22201res20051206.html
33. Ibid.
34. Priest, December 4, 2005.
35. Ibid.
36. Press Release, “ACLU Files Landmark Lawsuit Challenging CIA’s ‘Extraordinary Rendition’ of Innocent Man,” ACLU, December 6, 2005. http://www.aclu.org/natsec/emergpowers/22207prs20051206.html. Neil Lewis, “Federal Judge Dismisses Lawsuit by Man Held in Terror Program,” New York Times, May 19, 2006.
37. “Rendition Revisited,” CBS, 60 Minutes, December 18, 2005.
38. Richard Bernstein, “Skepticism Seems to Erode Europeans’ Faith in Rice,” New York Times, December 7, 2005.
39. Don Van Natta, “Germany Weighs If It Played Role in Seizure by U.S.,” New York Times, February 21, 2006.
40. Scott Shane, “German Held in Afghan Jail Files Lawsuit,” New York Times, December 7, 2005.
41. “Extraordinary Rendition: Statement of Khaled El-Masri,” American Civil Liberties Union, December 6, 2005.
42. Peter Hart and Jim Naureckas, “The Consequences of Covering Up,” FAIR Extra! Update, December 2005.
43. Democracy Now!, November 8, 2005.
44. Demetri Sevastopulo, “Amnesty’s ‘Gulag’ Jibe Irks Rumsfeld,” Financial Times, June 2, 2005.
45. E. J. Dionne, Jr., “Hyperbole and Human Rights,” Washington Post, June 3, 2005.
46. Irene Khan, “A U.S. Gulag by Any Name,” Letter to the Editor, Washington Post, June 2, 2005.
47. Democracy Now!, December 8, 2005.
48. Jan Silva, “Investigator: U.S. Outsourced Torture,” Associated Press, January 24, 2006.
49. James Aronson, The Press and the Cold War, New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1970, p. 166.
50. Ibid.
51. Ibid.
2: Watching You
1. Nat Hentoff, “J. Edgar Hoover Lives!” Village Voice, February 7, 2002.
2. Allan M. Jalon, “A Break-In to End All Break-Ins,” Los Angeles Times, March 8, 2006.
3. Quoted in Hentoff, February 7, 2002.
4. “COINTELPRO: The FBI’S Covert Action Programs Against American Citizens,” Final Report of the Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities, Vol. III, U.S. Senate, April 23, 1976. http://www.icdc.com/~paulwolf/cointelpro/churchfinalreportIIIa.htm
5. Jalon, March 8, 2006.
6. Ibid.
7. Eric Lichtblau, “FBI Goes Knocking for Political Troublemakers,” New York Times, August 16, 2004.
8. Press Release, ACLU of Colorado, March 28, 2006.
9. Democracy Now!, August 19, 2004
10. John S. Friedman, “Spying on the Protesters,” The Nation, September 19, 2005.
11. Democracy Now!, October 9, 2003.
12. “The Denver Police Spy Files,” ACLU of Colorado. http://www.coloradoaclu.org/spyfiles/fbifiles.htm
13. Friedman, September 19, 2005.
14. Ibid.
15. Nicholas Riccardi, “FBI Keeps Watch on Activists,” Los Angeles Times, March 27, 2006.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. Walter Pincus and Dan Eggen, “325,000 Names on Terrorism List,” Washington Post, February 15, 2006.
19. Lisa Myers, Douglas Pasternak, Rich Gardella, “Is the Pentagon Spying on Americans?” NBC News, December 14, 2005.
20. Transcript, Senate Appropriations Committee Hearing, March 9, 2006. http://leahy.senate.gov/press/200603/030906.html
21. Lowell Bergman, et al., “Spy Agency Data After Sept. 11 Led FBI to Dead Ends,” New York Times, January 17, 2006.
22. Spencer Hsu and William Branigan, “GAO: Customs Failed Dirty Bomb Test,” Washington Post, March 29, 2006.
23. Nina Totenberg, “O’Connor Decries Attacks on Courts,” NPR Morning Edition, March 10, 2006.
3: News Fakers
1. “Media Contracts: Activities and Financial Obligations for Seven Federal Departments,” Government Accountability Office, January 2006.
2. James Glanz, “Iraq Utilities Are Falling Short of Prewar Performance,” New York Times, February 9, 2006.
3. Mark Mazzetti and Borzou Daragahi, “U.S. Military Covertly Pays to Run Stories in Iraqi Press,” Los Angeles Times, November 30, 2005.
4. Jeff Gerth, “Military’s Information War Is Vast and Often Secretive,” New York Times, December 11, 2005.
5. Andrew Buncombe, “So, Just Who Is Christian Bailey?” The Independent (UK), December 17, 2005.
6. Mark Mazzetti and Kevin Sack, “Planted PR Stories Not News to Military,” Los Angeles Times, December 18, 2005.
7. Buncombe, December 17, 2005.
8. Gerth, December 11, 2005.
9. Mazzetti and Sack, December 18, 2005.
10. Mazzetti and Daragahi, November 30, 2005.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. Democracy Now!, January 14, 2004.
14. Peter Slevin, “Iraqis Unhappy with U.S. Signals,” Washington Post, May 26, 2003.
15. Bruce B. Auster, “Iraq: Broadcast Blues,” U.S. News & World Report, January 26, 2004.
16. Katrin Dauenhauer and Jim Lobe, “Massive Military Contractor’s Media Mess,” Asia Times, August 16, 2003.
17. Dean Calbreath, “SAIC Rejoins Pentagon’s Media Blitz,” San Diego Union-Tribune, June 18, 2005.
18. Daniel Williams, “Staffers Quit at U.S.-Backed Paper,” Washington Post, May 5, 2004.
19. Noelle C. Haner, “How Harris Became a Major Media Player,” Orlando Business Journal, December 12, 2004.
20. Ibid.
21. Mark Mazzetti, “Planted Articles May Be Violation,” Los Angeles Times, January 27, 2006.
22. Mark Mazzetti, “PR Meets Psy-Ops in War on Terror,” Los Angeles Times, December 1, 2004.
23. Howard Kurtz, “Journalists Worry About Limits on Information, Access,” Washington Post, September 24, 2001.
24. Jack Fairweather, “Heroes in Error,” Mother Jones, March/April 2006.
25. Ibid.
26. Jeff Gerth and Scott Shane, “U.S. Is Said to Pay to Plant Articles in Iraq Papers,” New York Times, December 1, 2005.
27. David S. Cloud and Jeff Gerth, “Muslim Scholars Were Paid to Aid U.S. Propaganda,” New York Times, January 2, 2006.
28. “What the Iraqi Public Wants,” Program on International Policy Attitudes, University of Maryland, January 31, 2006. http://www.worldpublicopinion.org/pipa/pdf/jan06/Iraq_Jan06_rpt.pdf
4: Unreality TV
1. David Barstow and Robin Stein, “Under Bush, a New Age of Prepackaged TV News,” New York Times, March 13, 2005.
2. “U.S. Screeners Miss One in Four Bombs,” Daily Telegraph (London), October 16, 2004.
3. Barstow and Stein, March 13, 2005.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
6. “Video News Releases: Unattributed or Prepackaged News Stories Violate Publicity or Propaganda Prohibition,” U.S. Government Accountability Office, May 12, 2005. http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d05643t.pdf
7. Memorandum from Joshua Bolton, White House Office of Management and Budget, March 11, 2005. http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/memoranda/fy2005/m05-10.pdf.
8. Barstow and Stein, March 13, 2005.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. GAO, May 12, 2005, p. 1.
14. Alvin A. Snyder, “U.S. Foreign Affairs in the New Information Age: Charting a Course for the 21st Century,” The Annenberg Washington Program in Communications Policy Studies of Northwestern University, 1994.
15. “Fake TV News: Widespread and Undisclosed,” Center for Media and Democracy, April 6, 2006. www.prwatch.org/fakenews
16. Democracy Now!, April 6, 2006.
17. Office of Inspector General, Department of Education, “Review of Formation Issues Regarding the Department of Education’s Fiscal Year 2003 Contract with Ketchum, Inc. for Media Relations Services,” April 2005, ED-OIG/A19-F0007, p. 11.
18. Ibid., p. 16.
19. Armstrong Williams, “Secretary Paige and Mayor Williams Fight for Change,” syndicated column, January 7, 2004. http://www.townhall.com/columnists/Armstrongwilliams/aw20040107.shtml
20. “Department of Education—Contract to Obtain Services of Armstrong Williams,” GAO, September 20, 2005, p. 6.
21. Ibid., p. 5.
22. Howard Kurtz, “Writer Backing Bush Plan Had Gotten Federal Contract,” Washington Post, January 26, 2005.
23. Ibid.
24. Maggie Gallagher, “A Question of Disclosure,” United Press Syndicate, January 25, 2005. http://www.uexpress.com/maggiegallagher/index.html?uc_full_ date=20050125
25. Kurtz, January 26, 2005.
26. Eric Boehlert, “Third Columnist Caught with Hand in the Bush Till,” salon.com, January 27, 2005. www.salon.com/news/feature/2005/01/27/mcmanus/index.html
27. Office of Inspector General, “Review of Department Identified Contracts and Grants for Public Relations Services,” U.S. Department of Education, September 2005, p. 14. www.ed.gov/about/offices/list/oig/aireports/i13f0012.doc
28. Press Release, Rep. George Miller, “Department of Education Pays for OpEds, Ads That Promote Bush Policies, Do Not Reveal Federal Government as Funding Source,” September 6, 2005. www.house.gov/apps/list/press/ed31_ democrats/rel9605.html
29. “And now, the counterfeit news,” Editorial, New York Times, March 16, 2005.
30. Mike Allen, “Bush’s Isolation from Reporters Could Be a Hindrance,” Washington Post, October 8, 2004.
31. David Margolick and Richard Gooding, “Jeff Gannon’s Public Blogging,” Vanity Fair, June 2005.
32. Maureen Dowd, “Bush’s Barberini Faun,” New York Times, February 17, 2005.
33. Real Time with Bill Maher, October 28, 2005.
34. Ann Coulter, “Republicans, Bloggers and Gays, Oh My!,” February 23, 2005. http://www.anncoulter.com/cgi-local/article.cgi?article=43
35. Democracy Now!, April 8, 2004.
36. Russell Mokhiber, “Scottie and Me: White House Press Briefing with Scott McClellan,” commondreams.org, September 2, 2003. www.commondreams.org/scottie/0902-10.htm
37. Ibid., February 1, 2005. www.commondreams.org/scottie/020105.htm
38. Associated Press, October 13, 2005.
39. Democracy Now!, October 14, 2005.
40. Jim VandeHei, “Troops Put in a Good Word to Bush About Iraq,” Washington Post, October 14, 2005.
41. The Harris Poll # 95, December 29, 2005. http://www.harrisinteractive.com/harris_poll/index.asp?PID=623
42. John Zogby, “A Letter from the Troops,” tompaine.com, March 1, 2006. http://www.tompaine.com/articles/2006/03/01/a_letter_from_the_troops.php
5: The Mighty Wurlitzer
1. John M. Crewdson and Joseph B. Treaster, “Worldwide Propaganda Network Built by the CIA,” New York Times, December 26, 1977.
2. Carl Bernstein, “The CIA and the Media,” Rolling Stone, October 20, 1977.
3. Crewdson and Treaster, December 26, 1977.
4. Bernstein, October 20, 1977.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. Crewdson and Treaster, “Worldwide Propaganda Network Built by the CIA,” New York Times, December 26, 1977; and Crewdson and Treaster, “The CIA’s 3-Decade Effort to Mold the World’s Views,” New York Times, December 25, 1977.
12. Crewdson and Treaster, December 25, 1977.
13. Ibid.
14. Democracy Now!, February 17, 2006.
15. Bernstein, October 20, 1977.
16. Judith Miller, “A Personal Account: My Four Hours Testifying in the Federal Grand Jury Room,” New York Times, October 16, 2005.
17. James Rainey, “New York Times Story on Leak Raises Questions,” Los Angeles Times, October 18, 2005.
18. Howard Kurtz, “The Judy Chronicles,” Washington Post, October 17, 2005.
19. John M. Crewdson and Joseph B. Treaster, “CIA Established Many Links to Journalists in U.S. and Abroad,” New York Times, December 27, 1977.
6: Hijacking Public Media
1. Democracy Now!, July 22, 2005.
2. “Review of Alleged Actions Violating the Public Broadcasting Act of 1967,” Office of Inspector General, Corporation for Public Broadcasting, November 15, 2005, p. 3.
3. Timothy Karr, “The Karl and Ken Show,” Media Citizen, November 6, 2005. http://mediacitizen.blogspot.com/2005/11/karl-and-ken-show.html
4. Brian Lowry, “Tuning In,” Variety, January 30, 2006.
5. Frank Rich, “The Armstrong Williams NewsHour,” New York Times, June 26, 2005.
6. News Release, Senator Byron Dorgan, June 30, 2005. http://dorgan.senate .gov/newsroom/record.cfm?id=239955
7. Eric Boehlert, “Fair and Balanced—The McCarthy Way,” Salon.com, May 25, 2005.
8. Wes Vernon, “Voice of America Struggles with Its Own ‘Anti-American’ Arrogance,” NewsMax.com, October 16, 2002. http://www.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2002/10/15/213933.shtml
9. Democracy Now!, July 12, 2005.
10. Paul Farhi, “A Different Reception for Public Broadcasting,” Washington Post, May 20, 2005.
11. Sarah McBride, “As Sponsorship Sales Blossom, Public Radio Walks a Fine Line,” Wall Street Journal, March 27, 2006.
12. Chris Mooney, “Some Like It Hot,” Mother Jones, May/June 2005.
13. Ross Gelbspan, “Snowed,” Mother Jones, May/June 2005.
14. Maxwell T. Boykoff and Jules M. Boykoff, “Balance as Bias: Global Warming and the U.S. Prestige Press,” Global Environmental Change, July 2004, pp. 125–136.
15. Mooney.
7: Whitewashing Haiti
1. Paul Farmer, “What Happened in Haiti?” in Getting Haiti Right This Time, ed. Noam Chomsky, Paul Farmer, and Amy Goodman, Common Courage Press, 2004, pp. 13–14.
2. Ibid., p. 15.
3. Democracy Now!, February 16, 2004.
4. Democracy Now!, February 18, 2004.
5. AP, AFP, “Aristide Flees Country,” Herald Sun (Australia), March 1, 2004.
6. Christopher Marquis, “The Aristide Resignation: The Finale,” New York Times, March 1, 2004.
7. Michael Wines, “If You’re Thinking of Living in Exile,” New York Times, March 7, 2004.
8. Herald Sun (Australia), March 1, 2004.
9. Farah Stockman and Susan Milligan, “Before Fall of Aristide, Haiti Hit by Aid Cutoff,” Boston Globe, March 7, 2004.
10. Farmer, p. 19.
11. Max Blumenthal, “The Other Regime Change,” Salon.com, July 16, 2004.
12. Walt Bogdanich and Jenny Nordberg, “Mixed U.S. Signals Helped Tilt Haiti Toward Chaos,” New York Times, January 29, 2006.
13. Democracy Now!, July 20, 2004.
14. Bogdanich and Nordberg, January 29, 2006.
15. Ibid.
16. Dennis Bernstein and Anthony Fenton, “Denial in Haiti: AP Reporter Régine Is Wearing Two Hats,” Flashpoints, Pacifica Radio, December 29, 2005. http://haitiaction.net/News/FP/12_29_5/12_29_5.html
17. Democracy Now!, February 8, 2006.
8: Witch Hunt
1. James Risen and Jeff Gerth, “U.S. Says Suspect Put Code on Bombs in Unsecure Environment,” New York Times, April 28, 1999.
2. James Risen and Jeff Gerth, “Breach at Los Alamos: A Special Report; China Stole Nuclear Secrets for Bombs, U.S. Aides Say,” New York Times, March 6, 1999.
3. Matthew Purdy, “The Making of a Suspect: The Case of Wen Ho Lee,” New York Times, February 4, 2001
4. Risen and Gerth, March 6, 1999.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
7. Purdy, February 4, 2001.
8. Ibid.
9. Robert Scheer, “The Real Scandal: A Scientist Slandered,” Los Angeles Times, October 7, 1999.
10. James Risen, “U.S. Fires Scientist Suspected of Giving Bomb Data,” New York Times, March 9, 1999.
11. Risen and Gerth, April 28, 1999.
12. Mary Dejevsky, “How the New York Times Said Sorry (and Lost Its Reputation),” The Independent (London), October 3, 2000.
13. David A. Vise, “President ‘Troubled’ by Lee Case,” Washington Post, September 15, 2000.
14. James Sterngold, “Nuclear Scientist Set Free in Secrets Case; Judge Attacks U.S. Conduct,” New York Times, September 14, 2000.
15. “Statement by Judge in Los Alamos Case, with Apology for Abuse of Power,” New York Times, September 14, 2000.
16. Cited in Robert Scheer, “No Defense,” The Nation, October 23, 2000.
17. Bob Drogin, “Zeal to Catch ‘Spy’ Created Shaky Case That Finally Crumbled,” Los Angeles Times, September 18, 2000.
18. James Sterngold, “U.S. to Reduce Case Against Scientist to a Single Charge,” New York Times, September 11, 2000.
19. Vise, September 15, 2000.
20. “An Overview: The Wen Ho Lee Case,” New York Times, September 28, 2000.
21. “From the Editors: The Times and Wen Ho Lee,” New York Times, September 26, 2000.
22. “An Overview: The Wen Ho Lee Case,” September 28, 2000.
23. Robert Scheer, “All the Secrets Unfit to Print,” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, February 8, 2001.
24. “FAIR Calls for Revealing Sources in Plame, Lee Cases,” Media Advisory, FAIR, August 19, 2004. http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=1830
25. Democracy Now!, September 22, 2005
26. Vernon Loeb, “Pentagon: Deutch Did No Harm,” Washington Post, February 1, 2001.
27. Rowan Scarborough, “Islamic Chaplain Is Charged as Spy,” Washington Times, September 20, 2003.
28. Oliver Burkeman, “He Is Not Guilty and He Is Not Innocent,” The Guardian, March 30, 2004.
29. John Mintz, “Clashes Led to Probe of Cleric,” Washington Post, October 24, 2003.
30. Ibid.
31. Burkeman, March 30, 2004.
32. John Mintz, “Plea Deal Erases Charges of Spying,” Washington Post, September 23, 2004.
33. Eric Schmitt and Tim Golden, “U.S. Concedes to Force-Feeding Detainees,” New York Times, February 22, 2006.
9: The Torturers’ Apprentice
1. Ken Auletta, “Fortress Bush,” The New Yorker, January 19, 2004.
2. “Vice President for Torture,” Editorial, Washington Post, October 26, 2005.
3. Democracy Now!, November 9, 2005.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
6. Alfred W. McCoy, “Why the McCain Torture Ban Won’t Work,” TomDispatch .com, February 8, 2006. http://www.tomdispatch.com/index.mhtml?emx= x&pid=57336
7. Democracy Now!, February 17, 2006.
8. Michael Scherer and Mark Benjamin, “What Rumsfeld Knew,” Salon.com, April 14, 2006.
9. Ibid.
10: Exporting Abuse
1. Democracy Now!, December 20, 2005.
2. “A Macabre Assembly Line of Death: Death Penalty Developments in 1997,” Amnesty International USA, 1997. http://www.amnestyusa.org/children/document.do?id=8DA10EEF6D68397A802569000068A28F
3. Robert Dvorchak, “Brutality Probe Targets Up to 40 Guards at SCI Greene,” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, April 10, 1998.
4. Mike Bucsko and Bob Dvorchak, “Firings, Charges Shake Up SCI Greene,” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, August 9, 1998.
5. Dvorchak, April 10, 1998.
6. Pennsylvania Department of Corrections, December 2005. http://www.cor .state.pa.us/portal/lib/portal/Execution_List.pdf
7. Ibid.
8. Richard C. Dieter, “The Death Penalty in Black and White,” Death Penalty Information Center, June 1998. http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/article.php? scid=45&did=539
9. U.S. Department of Justice, Capital Punishment 2004, Bureau of Justice Statistics Bulletin, November 2005. http://www.ojp.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/cp04.pdf
10. “Death by Discrimination: The Continuing Role of Race in Capital Cases,” Amnesty International USA, April 24, 2003. http://web.amnesty.org/library/index/engamr510462003.
11. U.S. Department of Justice, Capital Punishment 2004.
12. Robert Dvorchak, “State-of-Art SCI Greene Criticized as Repressive,” Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, August 10, 1998.
13. Ibid.
14. Bureau of Justice Statistics, Press Release, Department of Justice, May 21, 2006.
15. Thomas Bonczar, “Prevalence of Prison in the U.S. Population, 1973–2001,” Bureau of Justice Statistics, Department of Justice, August 2003. http://www.ojp .usdoj.gov/bjs/pub/pdf/piusp01.pdf
16. Daniel P. Mears, Evaluating the Effectiveness of Supermax Prisons, Justice Policy Center, Urban Institute, June 2005, p. 6. http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/211971.pdf
17. Siobahn McDonough, “U.S. Prison Population Soars in 2003, 2004,” Associated Press, April 28, 2005.
18. “Lawsuits Challenge Prison Conditions,” Associated Press, March 9, 2005.
19. Dvorchak, August 10, 1998.
20. Democracy Now!, December 20, 2005.
21. “Order at SCI Greene; Changing the Culture at an Unruly State Prison,” Editorial, Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, August 13, 1998.
22. Paul von Zielbauer and James Dao, “Guard Left Troubled Life for Duty in Iraq,” New York Times, May 14, 2004.
23. Paula Zahn Now, CNN, May 27, 2004.
24. Von Zielbauer and Dao, May 14, 2004.
25. Democracy Now!, June 2, 2004.
26. MTC Web site, http://www.mtctrains.com/company/
27. Dan Frosch, “Exporting America’s Prison Problems,” The Nation, May 12, 2004.
28. Democracy Now!, June 2, 2004.
29. Office of Inspector General, “A Review of ICITAP’s Screening Procedures for Contractors Sent to Iraq as Correctional Advisors,” U.S. Department of Justice, February 2005, p. 21. http://www.usdoj.gov/oig/special/0502/final.pdf
30. Democracy Now!, June 2, 2004.
31. Office of Inspector General, p. 27.
32. “New Realities in the Media Age: A Conversation with Donald Rumsfeld,” Transcript, Council on Foreign Relations, February 17, 2006.
33. Seymour M. Hersh, “The Gray Zone,” The New Yorker, May 24, 2004.
34. Press Release, “U.S. Operatives Killed Detainees During Interrogations in Afghanistan and Iraq,” ACLU, October 24, 2005. http://www.aclu.org/intl humanrights/gen/21236prs20051024.html
35. Democracy Now!, October 26, 2005.
36. “Docket: Center for Constitutional Rights Seeks Criminal Investigation in Germany into Culpability of U.S. Officials in Abu Ghraib Torture,” Center for Constitutional Rights, 2005.
37. Press Release, American Civil Liberties Union, March 1, 2005. http://www.aclu .org//safefree/general/17594prs20050301.html
38. Press Release, Death Penalty Information Center, November 16, 2005. http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/122Exoneration.pdf
11: Unembedded in Fallujah
1. Kerry Kennedy, Speak Truth to Power, Crown: New York, 2004, p. 195.
2. Joshua Chaffin, Salamander Davoudi, and Nicolas Pelham, “U.S. Army Promises Punishment and Pacification after Fallujah Killings,” Financial Times, April 2, 2004.
3. Rory McCarthy and Julian Borger, “Defiant U.S. Says Fallujah Dead Were Rebels,” Guardian (UK), April 12, 2004.
4. Jeffrey Gettleman, “Into the Heart of Falluja,” New York Times Magazine, May 2, 2004.
5. Kevin Maguire, “Law Chief Gags the Mirror on Bush Leak,” Daily Mirror (UK), November 22, 2005.
6. Arthur Neslen, “Reality Television,” Guardian (UK), April 21, 2004.
7. “Iraq: Journalists in Danger,” Committee to Protect Journalists, 2006. http://cpj.org/Briefings/Iraq/Iraq_danger.html
8. “The War in Iraq: The Most Deadly One for the Media Since Vietnam,” Reporters Without Borders, May 3, 2005. http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/Etude_ Irak_Eng_PDF.pdf
9. Ann Cooper, “Jailing Iraqi Journalists,” Dangerous Assignments, Committee to Protect Journalists, Fall/Winter 2005. http://cpj.org/Briefings/2005/DA_fall05/DA_fall-05_FINAL.pdf
10. Jamie Doward, et al., “The Leak That Revealed Bush’s Deep Obsession with Al Jazeera,” The Observer (UK), November 27, 2005.
11. Jeremy Scahill, “The War on Al Jazeera,” The Nation, December 19, 2005.
12. Peter Johnson, “U.S. Says Al-Jazeera Putting Troops at Risk,” USA Today, April 19, 2004.
12: Oil Profiteers
1. Patricia Wilson, “Bush Focuses On Energy Bill’s Economic Impact,” Reuters, August 8, 2005.
2. Elisabeth Bumiller, “Bush Admits to ‘Mixed Signals’ Regarding Laboratory on Renewable Energy,” New York Times, February 22, 2006.
3. “Email from Release of Energy Department Documents,” Judicial Watch. http://www.judicialwatch.org/1770.shtml
4. Letter from Public Citizen to the Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, February 11, 2003.
5. Center for Responsive Politics. http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/allindus.asp?CID=N00007997
6. Dana Milbank and Justin Blum, “Document Says Oil Chiefs Met with Cheney Task Force,” Washington Post, November 16, 2005.
7. “Maps and Charts of Iraq’s Oil Fields,” Judicial Watch. http://www.judicial watch.org/iraqi-oil-maps.shtml.
8. “The Best Energy Bill Corporations Could Buy: Summary of Industry Giveaways in the 2005 Energy Bill,” Public Citizen, August 29, 2005.
9. “Campaign Contributions to Members of the House-Senate Energy Bill Conference Committee,” Public Citizen, July 18, 2005. http://www.citizen.org/cmep/energy_enviro_nuclear/electricity/energybill/2005/articles.cfm?ID=13728
10. Susan Milligan, “Energy Bill Highlights Influence of Texas,” Boston Globe, August 4, 2005.
11. “Press Gaggle by Trent Duffy,” White House Press Release, August 8, 2005. http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/08/20050808-8.html
12. Center for Responsive Politics, 2005.
13. Paul Brown, “Republicans Accused of Witch-Hunt Against Climate Change Scientists,” The Guardian (UK), August 30, 2005.
14. Edmund Andrews, “Vague Law and Hard Lobbying Add Up to Billions for Big Oil,” New York Times, March 27, 2006.
15. Ibid.
16. Chris Mondics, “Energy Bill Stokes Nuclear Power,” Philadelphia Inquirer, July 29, 2005.
17. “The Best Energy Bill Corporations Could Buy,” Public Citizen, August 29, 2005.
18. “Summary of Harmful Provisions in the Energy Bill,” Alaska Wilderness League, et al., July 26, 2005. http://www.citizen.org/documents/harmful provisions.pdf
19. Jad Mouawad, “For Leading Exxon to Its Riches, $144,573 Per Day,” New York Times, April 15, 2006.
20. “Exxon Chairman’s $400 Million Parachute,” ABC News, April 14, 2006.
21. Simon Romero and Edmund Andrews, “At ExxonMobil, a Record Profit but No Fanfare,” New York Times, January 31, 2006.
22. Ralph Nader, “Open Letter to the New ExxonMobil Chairman, Rex Tillerson,” commondreams.org, April 1, 2006. http://www.commondreams.org/views06/0401-26.htm
23. Brad Foss, “Boone Pickens Sees Oil Prices Going Higher,” Associated Press, June 22, 2005.
13: Cindy’s Crawford
1. Cindy Sheehan, “The Dangerous Gold Star Families,” commondreams.org, January 24, 2005. http://www.commondreams.org/views05/0124-20.htm
2. Stan Goff, “The Spectacle,” Counterpunch, January 22, 2005. http://www .counterpunch.org/goff01222005.html
3. Leon Alligood, “Nashville Soldier Asks Rumsfeld, Why Can’t We Get Armor We Need?” The Tennessean, December 9, 2004.
4. Democracy Now!, August 31, 2005.
5. Ibid.
6. Democracy Now!, August 25, 2005.
7. Democracy Now!, August 19, 2005.
8. Ken Herman, “An Exercising Bush,” Atlanta Journal-Constitution, August 15, 2005.
9. “Secretary Rumsfeld Remarks to National Council of State Legislatures,” News Transcript, U.S. Department of Defense, December 12, 2003.
10. “The Final Word Is Hooray!,” FAIR, March 15, 2006. http://www.fair.org/index.php?page=2842
11. Ibid.
12. Cindy Sheehan, “Casey Austin Sheehan: May 29, 1979–April 04, 2004,” commondreams.org, March 31, 2006. http://www.commondreams.org/views06/0331-28.htm
14: Anti-Warriors
1. Bertolt Brecht, Gedichte, Vol. 4. Suhrkamp Verlag, 1961. Reprinted by permission of Suhrkamp Verlag.
2. John Zogby, “A Letter from the Troops,” Tompaine.com, March 1, 2006. http://www.tompaine.com/articles/2006/03/01/a_letter_from_the_troops .php
3. Gordon Trowbridge, “Troops Sound Off,” Military Times, January 3, 2006. http://www.militarycity.com/polls/2005_main.php
4. T. Trent Gegax, “Wartime Stress,” Newsweek, April 2, 2004.
5. Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America is a successor to Operation Truth, also founded by Rieckhoff.
6. Jeffry House, personal communication, April 1, 2006.
7. Bill Nichols, “8,000 Desert During Iraq War,” USA Today, March 7, 2006.
8. Monica Davey, “Former GIs, Ordered to Fight, Fight Not to Go,” New York Times, November 16, 2004.
9. Nichols, March 7, 2006.
10. James McKinley, Jr., “Mexican Pride and Death in U.S. Service,” New York Times, March 22, 2005.
11. Camilo Mejia, “Peace Doesn’t Come Easily.” www.freecamilo.org
12. Quoted in War Resisters Support Campaign, “Declaration.” http://www.resisters .ca/declaration.html
13. Chet Barfield, “Navy Petty Officer Refuses Duty,” San Diego Union Tribune, December 6, 2004.
14. Democracy Now!, March 28, 2005.
15. Democracy Now!, May 13, 2005.
16. Joe Garofoli, “Anti-War Sailor Lifts Foes of Iraq Policy,” San Francisco Chronicle, May 28, 2005.
17. Seth Hettina, “Sailor Who Refused to Deploy Sentenced to Hard Labor,” Associated Press, May 12, 2005.
18. Damien Cave, “For a General, a Tough Mission: Building the Army,” New York Times, February 5, 2006.
19. Shankar Vedantam, “A Political Debate on Stress Disorder,” Washington Post, December 27, 2005.
20. News Release, “DoD Announces Recruiting and Retention Numbers for September,” Department of Defense, October 11, 2005. http://www.dod.mil/releases/2005/nr20051011-4881.html
21. Charles A. Krohn, “Finding Our Next Army,” Washington Post, June 26, 2005.
22. Robert Burns, “Army Offers New Plan to Boost Recruiting Numbers,” Associated Press, October 11, 2005.
23. Ann Scott Tyson, “Youths in Rural U.S. Are Drawn to Military,” Washington Post, November 4, 2005.
24. Robert Sappenfield, “Short of Recruits, Army Redoes the Math,” Christian Science Monitor, December 15, 2005.
25. Michael Bronner, “The Recruiters’ War,” Vanity Fair, September 2005.
26. “Army Recruiters Face Investigation,” CBS News, May 2, 2005.
27. Lizette Alvarez, “Army Effort to Enlist Hispanics Draws Recruits, Criticism,” New York Times, February 9, 2006.
28. Leslie Wayne, “America’s For-Profit Secret Army,” New York Times, October 13, 2002.
29. Michael Gilbert, “Army Tries Civilian Recruiters in Ten Areas, Including Tacoma, Wash.,” News Tribune, August 5, 2002.
30. Press Release, Serco, November 23, 2005. http://www.serco-na.com/r-news-2005-11-23.asp
31. Juan O. Tamayo, “Private Firms Take On Jobs, Risks for U.S. Military in Andes Drug War,” Miami Herald, May 22, 2001.
32. Jonathan Krim, “More than 100 Groups Launch Campaign to Dismantle Database,” Washington Post, October 19, 2005.
33. JAMRS Web site, “Affiliations.” 2006. http://www.jamrs.org/about/affiliations.php
34. JAMRS Web site, “Market Research and Studies: Mothers’ Attitude Study— Video Preview.” http://www.jamrs.org/programs/mktrs/mother_study.php
35. Democracy Now!, June 24, 2005.
36. “DOD Database Campaign Coalition Letter,” Privacy Coalition, October 28, 2005. http://www.privacycoalition.org/nododdatabase/letter.html
37. James Gillaspy and Dan McFeely, “Military Recruiter Accused of Sex Assaults,” Indianapolis Star, March 1, 2005.
38. Press Release, “Teens’ Support for the War in Iraq Weakens,” Teenage Research Unlimited, May 10, 2004, Web site accessed 1/20/2006. http://www.teen research.com/PRview.cfm?edit_id=204
15: Human Wrongs
1. “Uzbekistan,” World Report 2006, Human Rights Watch, January 2006.
2. Craig Murray, “Speech to Freedom House,” October 17, 2002, on the Web site of Craig Murray. http://www.craigmurray.co.uk/archives/2002/10/speech_by_ ambas.html
3. Robin Gedye, “FO Backs Down over Envoy’s Sacking,” Daily Telegraph (UK), November 7, 2003.
4. “The Murray Torture Telegrams,” http://chris-floyd.com/telegrams/feed/#docs.
5. “Confidential Letters from Ambassador Craig Murray,” March 18, 2003. www.craigmurray.co.uk
6. Robin Gedye, “The Envoy Silenced after Telling Undiplomatic Truths,” Daily Telegraph (UK), October 23, 2004.
7. Gedye, November 7, 2003.
16: Bravo Bush!
1. “60 Stops in 60 Days Accomplishments,” Social Security Information Center, April 27, 2005. http://www.strengtheningsocialsecurity.gov/60stops/accomplishments _042705.pdf
2. Jonathan Weisman, “Cost of Social Security Drive Cited,” Washington Post, April 7, 2005.
3. “President Discusses Strengthening Social Security in Colorado,” Office of the Press Secretary, White House, March 21, 2005. http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2005/03/print/20050321-13.html.
4. Democracy Now!, April 8, 2005.
5. Dana Milbank, “The Tenacious Trio,” Washington Post, June 22, 2005.
6. E. J. Dionne, “Stepford Town Meetings,” Washington Post, April 1, 2005.
7. Richard Morin and Jim VandeHei, “Social Security Plan’s Support Dwindling,” Washington Post, June 9, 2005.
8. Howard Pankratz, “Bush Staffers Ejected 3 at Speech,” Denver Post, March 20, 2006.
9. News Release, ACLU Foundation, November 21, 2005.
10. Cassie Tomlin, “UA Young Democrat Banned from Forum,” Arizona Daily Wildcat, March 22, 2005.
11. Josh Marshall, “Public Forums Are No Place for Bush’s Thought Police,” The Hill, April 7, 2005.
12. “33 on List Connected to Fargo-Moorhead Democracy Group,” Fargo Forum, February 3, 2005.
13. Dave Roepke, “Local Volunteer at Root of Do-Not-Admit Buzz,” Fargo Forum, February 4, 2005.
14. Ken Herman, “How to Get Straight to the People: Control the Message, Stage the Event,” Cox News Service, February 14, 2005.
15. Jeff Jones, “GOP Says Pledge Allegiance,” Albuquerque Journal, July 30, 2004.
16. Steve Larese, “Bush-Backers-Only Policy Riles Voters at RNC Rallies,” Boston Globe, August 9, 2004.
17. Leslie Linthicum, “I Really Like This Crowd,” Albuquerque Journal, August 1, 2004.
18. “Teachers’ T-shirts Bring Bush Speech Ouster,” KGW-Newschannel 8 and Associated Press, October 15, 2004.
19. Kera Abraham, “An Unwelcome NO,” Eugene Weekly, February 9, 2006.
20. Larese, August 9, 2004.
21. “Grieving Mom Heckles Laura Bush,” CBS News, September 17, 2004. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/09/17/politics/main644005.shtml
22. Ibid.
23. Center for Public Integrity, 2006.
24. Democracy Now!, February 8, 2006.
25. Special Report with Brit Hume, Fox News, February 8, 2006.
26. Media Matters, February 9, 2006. http://mediamatters.org/items/200602090006
27. Hannity & Colmes, Fox News, February 8, 2006.
17: We Interrupt This Program . . .
1. “What Happened in Bhopal,” The Bhopal Medical Appeal & Sambhavna Trust. http://www.bhopal.org/whathappened.html#_ftnref2
2. Saheed Shah, “New documents will threaten US giant’s defence on Bhopal disaster,” The Independent (U.K.), December 6, 2004.
3. Pierre Prakash, “In Bhopal, the Poison Still Flows,” La Liberation, December 3, 2003. http://www.truthout.org/docs_03/120503G.shtml
4. Shah, December 6, 2004.
5. Democracy Now!, December 6, 2004.
6. Ibid.
7. “Dow ‘Help’ Announcement Is Elaborate Hoax,” The Yes Men (Web site). http:// www.dowethics.com/r/about/corp/bbc.htm
8. Shah, December 6, 2004.
9. Democracy Now!, October 21, 2005.
10. David Evans, “Heckled in Columbus,” Columbus Free Press, February 25, 1998. http://www.freepress.org/Backup/UnixBackup/pubhtml/iraq/heckled.html
11. Cleveland Plain Dealer, February 19, 1998.
12. “U.S.’s Iraq Policy Catches Flak in Ohio,” CNN, February 18, 1998. http://www.cnn.com/WORLD/9802/18/town.meeting/
13. Democracy Now!, February 19, 1998.
14. CNN, February 18, 1998.
15. Democracy Now!, February 19, 1998.
16. “Day of Desperation,” ACT UP Web site. http://www.actupny.org/diva/synDesperation.html
17. “Jon Stewart’s America,” Crossfire, CNN, October 15, 2004. http://transcripts .cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0410/15/cf.01.html
18. Bill Carter, “CNN Will Cancel ‘Crossfire’ and Cut Ties to Commentator,” New York Times, January 6, 2005.
19. Charlie Savage, “Bush Challenges Hundreds of Laws,” Boston Globe, April 30, 2006.
20. Jacques Steinberg, “After Press Dinner, the Blogosphere Is Alive with the Sound of Colbert Chatter,” New York Times, May 3, 2006.
21. Paul Bedard, “Skewering Angers Bush and Aides,” USNews.com (U.S. News & World Report), May 1, 2006. http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/060501/1whwatch.htm. E&P Staff, “Colbert Lampoons Bush at White House Correspondents Dinner—President Not Amused?” Editor & Publisher, April 29, 2006.
22. Transcript of Colbert speech on DailyKos, May 2, 2006. http://dailykos.com/storyonly/2006/4/30/1441/59811