The page references in this index correspond to the printed edition from which this ebook was created. To find a specific word or phrase from the index, please use the search feature of your ebook reader.
Adelaide Road (No. 22) 100–2
agents provocateurs 299–300
Aikin-Sneath, Francis 276
Alba, Duke of 268
All-Russian Co-Operative Society (ARCOS) 66–7
Allan, Philip (publishers) 143
Allen, Bill 144
Amateur Entomologists’ Society 226
Anderson, Sir John 76, 126, 278, 288, 289, 290, 291, 292
Andrew, Christopher 319
Anglo-Irish War 29
Animal Ailments (magazine) 113
Animal, Vegetable, Mineral (television show) 326
Anti-War Movement (AWM) 121, 122, 124, 163
Arandora Star (ship) 302
ARCOS see All-Russian Co-Operative Society
Associated Press 206–7
Association of Women Clerks and Secretaries (AWCS) 214–15, 218
Atlanta Constitution 206, 207, 208
Attenborough, David 326, 336
Attlee, Clement 317
AWCS see Association of Women Clerks and Secretaries
AWM see Anti-War Movement
‘B. W.’/‘B/W’ see White, John Baker
Baillie-Stewart, Norman 136
Baldwin, Stanley 67, 132, 173
Baring, Hon. Calypso 137
Barr, Hazel see Joyce, Hazel
Barr, Mrs 16, 37, 54
Bauer, Ernst 224
Beaton, Cecil 248
Beauchamp, Kathleen (Pollard) 101, 102, 103, 146
Bechet, Sidney 13, 147, 326
Beckett, John 135
Bennett, Gill: Churchill’s Man of Mystery 74
BF see British Fascisti/British Fascists
Bingham, Honourable John (later 7th Earl of Clanmorris) 253–4, 256, 257, 304–5, 308–9, 341
bird watchers 93
Birmingham: Conservative garden party (1931) 81, 82–3
Birrell and Garnett bookshop 103
Bishop, Reg 109
Black and Tans 29, 30, 35
Blackmore, R. D. 9, 61; Lorna Doone 61
Bletchley Park 318
Blunt, Anthony (‘Tony’) 128, 137, 179, 184, 314–15, 316, 338
Board of Deputies of British Jews 222
Boddington, Con 53, 90
Borovoy, Mikhail, and wife (Willy and Mary Brandes/’Mr and Mrs Stephens’) 189–92, 203
Bramley, Lieutenant-Colonel 52
Briscoe, Norah 309
Bristol, Arnold 252
British Council for a Christian Settlement in Europe 306
British Empire Union 8, 9, 10, 17, 20
British Fascism (BF paper) 117, 194
British Fascisti/British Fascists (BF) 23–5, 26; infiltration by Max 22–3, 25–8, 30, 31, 33, 37–42, 52, 55, 57–8, 59–60, 75, 117–18, 223, 232–4, 320; joined by Joyce 30; ‘K’ unit 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 39–40, 47–8, 51, 60, 116–17, 126, 259; Lambeth Baths rally (1924) 32–5, 37; joined by Roberts 44–5; and MI5 48, 51; Women’s Units 55, 117; ‘The Day’ 57, 58; after the General Strike 58–9; death throes 116–18; and British Union of Fascists 139
British Lion (BF journal) 59, 64
British Loyalists 58
British National Socialist League 200
British Non-Ferrous Metals Research Association 219
British People’s Party 306
British Union of Fascists (BUF) 118; earliest recruits 118; Joyce’s rise in 132, 133–5; relationship with foreign Fascist regimes 135–6, 154, 162; and MI5 136, 137; membership rockets 138–9; investigated by M 139–40; infiltrated by Roberts 152–5, 157–8, 159, 160–61, and Joyce 161–2, 201; supports Mussolini 170; receives payments from him 139–40, 171, 172; attitudes change towards 171, 172; infiltrated by M’s agents 193–5, 241, 228; and outbreak of war 238, 245, 251–2, 259, 275–6, 288, 289; and mass internment 289–93; see also Mosley, Sir Oswald
Brixton Prison 310
Brocklehurst, Henry 305
Brooke, General Sir Alan 288
Brown, Isobel 112
Buchan, John 16, 45, 324, 327
BUF see British Union of Fascists
Bullitt, William C. 264
Burgess, Guy 128, 179, 272, 318, 319, 320–23, 327
Burn, Sir Charles 25
‘C’ see Sinclair, Sir Hugh; Menzies, Stewart
Cable Street, Battle of (1936) 172
Cairncross, John 179
Camberley, Surrey 310, 332, 333, 335
‘Cambridge Spies’ 128, 210, 313; see also Blunt, Anthony; Burgess, Guy; Maclean, Donald; Philby, Kim
Canning, Albert 278
Carnegie, Lord Charles (later 11th Earl of Southesk) 247
Carr, John Dickson 125
Carson, Rachel: Silent Spring 333
Carter, Lt-Colonel John 72–4, 75, 77
Carter, John see Pollard, Graham
Casa Littoria, England 193
Cassel, Sir Ernest 18
Cecil, Lord Robert 185
Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) 93
Chamberlain, Anne (née Cole) 81
Chamberlain, Austen 67
Chamberlain, Neville 81, 233, 237, 238
Chicago Tribune 207
Christian Protest Movement 243
Churchill, Winston: on Mussolini 24; Joyce’s description of 172–3; booed at in newsreels 248; correspondence with Roosevelt compromised 2, 265, 266, 272, 277–8, 295, 338; becomes Prime Minister 274, 275; delivers ‘blood, toil, tears and sweat’ speech 276; demands internment of Communists and Fascists 278–9, 289–90, 291, 292; advised by Desmond Morton 291, 292; dismisses Kell 290
CIA see Central Intelligence Agency
Clough, Bryan 298
Comintern 105–6, 122, 137, 138, 149, 181, 315–16; and front organisations 106, 122–4, 137; and Olga Gray’s mission to India 141–3, 146–9
Committee of Imperial Defence 197
Communism 8, 18–19, 23, 50, 68, 69, 74, 105–6, 121, 129, 244, 313, 318; and Fascist movements 24, 25, 28, 31, 45, 55, 58, 60, 75, 87, 133, 138, 180, 228, 250; see also Communist Party, British
Communist Party, British: infiltration by Makgill Organisation 20; infiltration of Makgill Organisation 26, 27; attacked by British Fascists 30–31, 32–5, 40–41, 52; and Zinoviev Letter 36; infiltration by M 42–3, 44–5, 70, 71, 74, 78, 89, 90–91, 98, 100, 101, 102, 103–4, 108–12, 126–7, 128, 192, 214, 217–18, 309, 319, see also Gray, Olga; and the General Strike 57; government ban on undercover operations against 67–8, 72; and British Union of Fascists 171–2, 292–3; and war 238, 303; accesses MI5 files 314, 315; bugged by MI5 318; as threat to industry 319; see also Communism; Glading, Percy; Pollitt, Harry
Conservative Party: and Fascist movement 25, 59, 139; election victories 36, 318; MPs 25, 32, 33, 139, 247, see also Ramsay, Captain Archibald Maule; and spies and spymasters 32, 33, 36, 81, 82–3, 89, 92, 104, 111, 122, 217
Cook, Arthur 57
Cooper, John 330
Cornwell, David see Le Carré, John
Coster, Howard 144
Cottenham, Mark Pepys, Earl of 255, 261
Country Questions (BBC radio) 326
Countryside (magazine) 336
Countrywise (BBC television) 327
Crime Cargo (M’s first novel) 143–4, 159
Crowley, Aleister 199
Curry, John 313
Curtis-Bennett, Sir Henry, KC 47
Curzon of Kedleston, George Curzon, 1st Marquess 19
Daily Express 90, 109, 159, 230, 323
Daily Mail 36, 82, 139, 175, 322
Daily Mirror 34, 231
Daily Sketch 296
Daily Worker 99, 100, 101, 102, 108, 110, 111, 112, 127–8, 164, 292
Dale, Walter 67
Danischewsky, Irene 267, 283, 284, 285
D-Day landings (1944) 310
De Bono, General Emilio 170
Defence (General) Regulations 231, 289, 297; 18b(1a) 289–90, 291, 292, 293, 302, 307
Del Monte, Francesco Marigliano, Duca (‘Mr Macaroni’) 277, 278
Delhi Intelligence Bureau 157–8
Dennis, Barry 266
Desert Island Discs (BBC radio) 326–7
‘Destroyers for Bases’ deal 277
Deutsch, Arnold 178–9, 180, 187, 189, 203, 219
‘Dickson, Grierson’ see Dickson, Jimmy
Dickson, Jimmy (‘M/3’) 123, 125, 158; as thriller writer 125, 229; becomes M’s agent 125–7, 128–9, 146, 305, and friend 126, 158; and Glading 181; asked by M to infiltrate Fascist organisations 195, 196, 198, 224–5; runs agents himself 229; continues to work for M Section 241, 293; reports on British Union of Fascists 276; arrests Anna Wolkoff 283, 287; relationships with female MI5 staff 304; life after leaving MI5 340
Dolphin Square, London: M Section 198, 229, 241
Domvile, Admiral Sir Barry 225
‘Don’ see Makgill, Donald
Dorril, Stephen: Blackshirts 139
‘Double Cross deception’ 230, 303
Dr No (film) 334
Driberg, Tom (‘M/8’) 70, 109–10, 159, 230, 314, 315, 321–3, 339
Dundee Courier 175
Ealing Ladies Hockey Club 123, 169
Economic League 32–3, 47, 90, 249
Edwards, Robert 81, 83
Eisenstein, Sergei: Battleship Potemkin 87
Eliot, Vivienne (née Haigh-Wood) 139
Ellsberg, Daniel 266
‘espionage’ 93
Evans, Arthur Glyn 100
Evans, Peggy 100
Ewer, William (‘Trilby’) 327
Fascism 60, 75, 117–18, 122, 136, 138, 171, 196, 202, 246, 293, 301, 302, 309–11, 332, 338; see also British Fascisti/British Fascists; British Union of Fascists
Fellowship of the Services 259–60
‘Fifth Column’/’Fifth Columnists’ 240, 241, 258, 271–2, 274, 278, 285, 290, 300–1, 302
Finney, Jim 50
Fisher, James 330, 336
Fisher, Sir Warren 76
Fleming, Ian 93, 146, 334
Foot, Michael 38
Forster, E. M. 233
Francis-Hawkins, Neil 117, 118, 251–2, 292
Franco, General Francisco 240
Freemasons 8, 20, 26, 50, 242, 243, 270
Friends of the Soviet Union (FSU) 105–9, 112
Fry, Mr Justice 206
FSU see Friends of the Soviet Union
Fuchs, Klaus 318
Gaertner, Friedl (‘GELATINE’) 221–2, 229–30, 252, 293, 306, 337, 339
Gario, Gino 193
Garnett, David ‘Bunny’ 103
Geary, Charles 259–60
‘GELATINE’ see Gaertner, Friedl
General Elections: 1924 32, 35—6, 50, 249; 1929 67; 1931 83–4; 1935 171; 1945 317; 1951 318
General Strike (1926) 57–8
George V 77
Gestapo, the 137, 138, 272, 281
Gilligan, Arthur 25
Gillson, Tony 305
Ginhoven, Inspector Hubert van 67
Glading, Percy: ‘a red-hot Communist’ 119–20; sacked from Woolwich Arsenal 120–21; re-educated in Moscow 149–50; becomes National Organiser of the Communist Party 121, and a paid official in Soviet front organisation 121; under surveillance by Olga Gray 121, 123, 130–31; and Dickson 128, 181; organises Olga’s mission to India 141, 142, 146–7, 149; maintains contact with her 165–6, 169; meets Soviet handlers 178, 179; instructed to recruit subagents from Woolwich Arsenal 179–80; asks Olga to run safe house 180–82, 183; watched by MI5 181, 183; meeting with Maly 184, 185; given mission to steal blueprints of Royal Naval guns 185–6, 187, 188–91, 327; arrested 203–5, 217; trial 206, 207–10, 214, 220, 296; sentenced to hard labour 210
Glading, Rosa 121
Glasgow Communist Party headquarters: raid 40–41, 42–3, 47, 52
Gloucester Place (No. 47) 1–3, 273, 282–5
Godfrey, Admiral John 334
Goebbels, Joseph 231
Good Companions (BBC television) 325
Gowen, Franklin 283, 284, 296
Graham, Lord Ronald 267–8
Gray, Charles 81–2, 94
Gray, Marjorie 208
Gray, Mrs 81, 84, 123, 131
Gray, Olga: childhood 81–2; character 81, 82, 83, 84–5, 92; recruited into Secret Service 81, 82–5; interview with M 85, 91, 92–5; and his training 95, 96–9, 107; pay 98; first mission to infiltrate FSU 103, 104, 105–9; offered position with Communist organisations 112, 122; shares office with Glading 119, 121, 123; joins hockey club 123; works full-time for Comintern organisations 123–5; meets Dickson 123, 125; and M’s direction 128–9; edges closer to Glading 130–31; her mission to India 141–3, 146–9, 150; resigns from Communist organisations 163; becomes Pollitt’s secretary at British Communist Party headquarters 163–6; has breakdown 167–8; finishes as MI5 agent 169; remains in contact with Pollitt and Glading 169; agrees to run Glading’s safe house 180–81, 182, 183; meets Soviet handlers 184, 185; and Glading’s first NKVD mission 187, 188–92; and his failed mission and arrest 203, 204–5; as ‘Miss X’ at preliminary hearing 206–8; at Glading’s trial 209–11, 213–14; and life after MI5 211–12, 341–2
Gray, Richard 205, 208
Gray’s Inn Road (No. 53) 119, 121, 122, 123, 124, 146
Greene, Ben 306–8
Greene, Douglas 125
Greene, Graham 46, 114, 306; The Third Man 307
Guards Club, London 7–8
Gubbins, Major-General Sir Colin 334
Guinness, Diana (née Mitford, later Mosley) 134
Hall, Admiral Sir Reginal ‘Blinker’ 32, 47, 249, 261, 296
Hancock, Thomas 111
Hancock-Nunn, Eileen see Hewitt, Eileen
Hancock-Nunn, Vivian: as M’s agent (‘M/7’) 110–12, 127, 128–9, 144, 293; and Pollard 146; on Glading’s lawyers 209–10, 211; joins The Link 224–5; life after MI5 340; his novels 340, 341
Hankey, Sir Maurice 76
Hannon, Patrick 25
Hansen, Georg 67, 191
Harker, Jasper 211, 218, 219, 275
Hatchett’s, Piccadilly 72, 110
Hawke, Mr Justice 210–11
Healy, Maurice, KC 297
Hewitt, Edgar, KC 111
Hewitt, Eileen 111
Hewitt, Gerald 340
Himsworth, Norman 314
Hirst, John 223, 242, 259, 293, 309
Hiscox, Molly 309
Hitchcock, Alfred 2; Blackmail 83
Hitler, Adolf 60, 75, 220; and Mosley/British Union of Fascists 133, 135, 154, 162, 172, 194; admired by Joyce 135, 139; and rearmament 157; and Munich Crisis 223; invites Kathleen Tesch to Berchtesgaden 225–7; and Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact 228, 229, 231; sympathisers in Britain 245, 248, 309; in Warsaw victory parade 246; plans invasion of Britain 281, 290
Holderness, Sir Ernest 278
Holland Road (No. 82) 183
Hollis, Roger 315
Holmes, Colin 35
Holt-Wilson, Sir Eric 89, 290, 292
Home Office: warrants allowing MI5 interception of letters (‘HOWs’) 90; and Isobel Brown 112; asks MI5 for reports on Fascist movement 136, 138–9, 161; and Joyce 231; refuses to authorise mass internment 239–41, 274, 275–6, 278–9;
finally persuaded 288–90; and arrest of Anna Wolkoff 282; and Ben Greene case 307–8
Home Office Advisory Committee 298, 302, 308
Hope, Henry and Mary (later Lord and Lady Rankeillour) 252
Hughes, J. McGuirk 47, 144, 161, 201, 267–8, 273, 297–8, 299, 300
‘Hunger Marches’ 132
Imperial Fascist League 58–9
Incitement to Disaffection Act (1934) 129
Indian Communist Party 147–8, 149
‘Innocents’ Clubs’ 105
International Lenin School 149–50
International News Service 266
internment 196—7; mass 239–41, 274, 275–6, 278–9, 288–9, 291–2, 293
Invergordon Mutiny (1931) 86–7
IRA 29, 35
Irgun (Zionist group) 317
Italia Nostra, L’ (newspaper) 193
Italo-Abyssinian War, Second 170
Jane, Sergeant Charles 67
Johnson, Herschel 279, 280
Joint Intelligence Committee 274
Jowitt, Sir william 296
Joyce, Hazel (née Barr) 16–17, 35, 37, 54–5, 71, 116, 162
Joyce, James 195
Joyce, Joan 232, 244
Joyce, Meg 231
Joyce, Quentin 232, 244
Joyce, William: early life 29–30; meets Max at British Fascists 28, 29–30, 126; Max’s complex relationship with 30, 37, 41, 71, 115–16; becomes member of K 30–31, 51, 116–17; wounded at Lambeth Baths rally (1924) 33–5, 116, 135; meets future wife at Cenotaph 36–7; marriage 54; graduates from Birkbeck with a First 70; joins Conservative Party 59, 70; cheats on wife 71; not taken on by Max 71; becomes teacher 116; recruited by Mosley into British Union of Fascists 118, 132, 133; runs ‘I Squad’ 133–4; speaks at BUF events 134, 135; secures British passport 134; leads BUF delegation in Germany 134; abandons academia 134–5; becomes BUF Director of Propaganda 135; his anti-Semitism 135, 161, 173, and admiration for Hitler and Mussolini 135, 162; M’s profiles of 161–2, 173; used as an informant by M 162; given money for BUF by financier 171; speeches become wilder 172–3; Eric Roberts on 200, 201; forced out of BUF and sets up pro-Nazi splinter group 200; taken on as agent by M 201–2; reassessed by M 223–4; warned by M and escapes to Berlin 231, 232–3, 244; broadcasts as Lord Haw-Haw 231–2, 244; and Anna Wolkoff 256, 268–70, 271, 273, 297, 298, 300; arrested in Germany 311; hanged 311–12
Joynson-Hicks, William 67
‘K’ (head of MI5) 78
‘K’ (unit) see British Fascisti/british Fascists
Kell, Sir Vernon: sets up Secret Service Bureau 240–41; as head of MI5 49; on duties of a Security Service 300; introduces Morton and Makgill 49–50; sees Max’s reports 51; makes him an offer 53, 57; and department changes 76–7; relationship with M 89, 91; and Incitement to Disaffection Act 129; gives M a Christmas bonus 129–30; his attitude to British Fascism 136, 138; and Mosley 171; dinners with M 199; swamped by enemy alien tribunals 241; and Anna Wolkoff 255, 260–61; at Home Office meeting on British Fascists 288; dismissed by Churchill 290, 292
Kendal, Sir Norman 282
Kennedy, John F., President 264
Kennedy, Joseph 264, 280, 282, 285, 297–8
‘Kent, John’ see Kent, Tyler
Kent, Tyler 263–4; collects copies of documents 263, 264–6; and Anna Wolkoff and Captain Ramsay 262, 266–7, 272–4, 277; arrested 1–2, 279–80, 282–7, 288–9, 291, 300; trial 295–8, 338; sentenced 297
Kerrigan, Peter 143–4
‘King, Captain’ 85, 91, see Knight, Maxwell
‘King, Jack’ see Roberts, Eric
Kipling, Rudyard: Kim 45
Knight, Ada (mother) 10, 12, 13, 16, 56
Knight, Enid (sister) 10, 13, 16, 56, 97, 199, 331
Knight, Eric (brother) 10, 12, 13, 16
Knight, Gwladys (née Poole; 1st wife) 55–6, 61–5, 115, 160; death 174–7, 197–8, 200
Knight, Hugh (father) 10, 12, 97, 145
Knight, Lois (née Coplestone; 2nd wife) 197–8, 199, 200, 249, 330–31
Knight, Maxwell (‘M’)
appearance 7, 95, 159, 197
awarded OBE 308
birth and childhood 10-11, 61, 144–5, 335
and Cambridge spy ring 313–15, 321–2, 338
character and personality 7, 10, 11, 15, 30, 41, 43, 71, 144, 145, 177, 320, 329; animal lover 10–12, 14–15, 17, 27, 43, 52–3, 56, 61, 89, 94, 95, 96–7, 121–2, 152, 159, 166, 188, 198–9, 249, 310, 328–30, 332, 333; belief in loyalty 59–60, 114; charm 10, 55, 63, 94, 197, 251; club joiner 158–9; craves recognition 63, 144, 333; jazz lover 13–14, 17, 94–5, 97, 129, 159, 311, 326; likes breaking and entering 40, 41, 282, 283, 310; political views 9–10, 17, 28, 37, 41, 59–60, 69, 89, 127, 130, 140, 162, 202, 232–4, 245, 249–50, 293–4, 315, 316, 317–18; sexuality 16–17, 63–5, 200, 331; as smoker 144, 333; speech/voice 95, 197, 329; spiritualist interests 199–200; as spymaster see below
death and memorial service 336
and death of his wife 174—7, 198, 200
early career: on HMS Worcester 12; in Royal Naval Reserve 9, 12–13; at Ministry of Shipping 13, 15; as paint salesman 15, 16; as games master 7, 16, 27, 102
on Exmoor 59, 61–5, 69–70, 144
family 9, 10, 12, 13, 15–16, 145
homes: in Camberley 310, 332, 333, 335; in Putney 13, 14, 16; Royal Oak, Withypool 61–2; 38 Sloane Street 96–7, 156, 198, 249; Tythegston Court, Wales 9, 10
illnesses: pneumonia 163, 167; angina 332
and Joyce 28, 29–30, 37, 41, 71, 115–16, 126, 167, 201–2, 244, 311–12; his assessments of 29, 161–2, 173, 223–4; and Joyce’s escape to Germany 232–3, 244
in ‘Makgill Organisation’ 7–10, 17, 20–21, 41–2, 50–51, 53, 70, 71
marriages: first 54, 55–6, 64–5, 115, 160; second 197–8, 330–31; third 331–2
MI5 connections 53, 76–8, 87–91, 144, 317; see also ‘M Section’
MI6 connections 50–52, 53, 68–70, 72–6
and Mosley/British Union of Fascists 139–40, 259, 288
as radio broadcaster 326, 328; on Desert Island Discs 326–7; The Naturalist 326, 327
salary 52, 69, 97, 330
and Soviet espionage postwar 313–16, 317–19
as spymaster (‘M’) 41, 42–3, 45–7, 70, 71, 129, 146, 148, 156, 169, 182, 192, 200, 217, 222–3, 241, 251, 253, 300–1, 304–5, 334, 335, 338–9, 343—4; see ‘M Section’
as television show host 326, 328, 329; Countrywise 327; Good Companions 325
undercover in British Fascist movement 22–3, 25–8, 31, 48, 52; at Lambeth Baths rally (1924) 33, 34, 35, 37; and kidnapping of Pollitt 39, 41; raids on Glasgow Communist Party headquarters 40–41, 52; after the General Strike 57–9; leaves BF 117–18
in wartime: and Home Office refusal to authorise internment 276, 288–9, 291–2, 293; interrogation of Fascists 309—10; works for Special Operation Executive 309; and D-Day landings 310
as writer 16, 94, 113–15, 143–4, 159, 199, 326, 327, 328, 330, 331
Knight, Robert (uncle) 12, 15, 53
Knight, Susi (formerly Barnes; 3rd wife) 331–2
‘Knight’s Black Agents’ 305—6, see ‘M Section’
Koestler, Arthur 122
Kurtz, Harold 220–21, 222, 293, 306, 307, 309, 340
Labouchere, Colonel Frank 299
Labour Monthly 110, 111
Labour Party 31–2, 36, 38, 67, 70, 117, 317, 319; MPs 38, 117, 135; see also Driberg, Tom; MacDonald, James Ramsay
LAI see League Against Imperialism
Lang, Fritz: Spione 83
Larkin, Philip: ‘For Sidney Bechet’ 13
LaRocca, Nick 14
Lazarus, Jack 33, 135
League Against Imperialism (LAI) 121, 122, 124, 137, 163
League of Nations 122, 157
Leather, Mrs (daily) 249
Le Carré, John (David Cornwell) 93, 94, 253, 319–20, 324, 327; A Perfect Spy 93, 124, 158, 319, 320; Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy 93
‘Lend-Lease’ 277
Lenin, V. I. 105
Le Queux, William: The Invasion of 1910 240
Liddell, Guy 136, 137; goes to Nazi Germany 136–8, 228; clashes with Home Office over mass internment 238–40, 241, 274, 275–6; fails to show M’s report on Tyler Kent to Americans 273–4; at Home Office meeting on internment of British Fascists 288–9; on Churchill’s views on internment 291, 292; on stress suffered by agents 168; and Anna Wolkoff’s trial 296; on agents provocateurs 299–300; on MI5 training 304; critical of M Section 304; and release of Ben Greene 307; agrees with M over Soviet espionage 315–16; on the future of intelligence gathering 318
Link, The 225, 309
Lintorn-Orman, Blanche 23–4
Lintorn-Orman, Rotha 23–4, 26–7, 117
Litvinov, Maxim 45
Liverpool K section: Pollitt kidnap 38–9, 47
Lloyd George, David 18
London International Press 194
London Zoo 122, 326, 334
Long, Breckinridge 295
Look (BBC television) 326
Loveday, Arthur 247
Luke, Celia 314, 315
‘M’ see Knight, Maxwell
‘M Section’: creation of 78, 87–8, 97–8; agents 153, 198; female agents 91, 103–4, 112, 165, 337–8, and see Gaertner, Friedl; Gray, Olga; Mackie, Marjorie; Maund, Mona; Miller, Joan; Munck, Hélène de; Tesch, Kathleen; male agents 90–91, and see Bingham, John; Dickson, Jimmy; Driberg, Tom; Hancock-Nunn, Vivian; Joyce, William; Kurtz, Harold; Le Carré, John; Kurtz, Harold; Mandeville-Roe, E. G.; Pollard, Graham; Roberts, Eric; Sykes, Claud; Younger, Bill; spies arrested see Glading, Percy; Kent, Tyler; Wolkoff, Anna; in wartime 241, 305—6, 316; introduction of basic training 303—4; and Ben Greene 306–8
‘M/1’ see Pollard, Graham
‘M/2’ see Maund, Mona
‘M/3’ see Dickson, Jimmy
‘M/4’ 109, 146, 230–31
‘M/5’ (Glaswegian gun examiner) 42–3, 90, 127, 136, 144, 146, 181, 208
‘M/7’ see Hancock-Nunn, Vivian
‘M/8’ see Driberg, Tom
‘M/12’ see Gray, Olga
‘M/A’ 252
‘Macaroni, Mr’ see Del Monte, Duke
Macartney, Wilfred 67, 191
McCall, Joseph 40–41, 42, 47
McClure, George 296
MacDonald, James Ramsay 31, 36, 67–8, 132, 173
Mackie, Marjorie (‘M/Y’) 242, 293, 337; infiltrates Right Club 242, 243, 244, 246–7; interested in spiritualism 256; gathers information on Anna Wolkoff 247, 248, 249, 254–6, 257–8, 260, 267, 276–8, 282, 285, and Tyler Kent 262, 273, 282, 285; hears of Right Club sympathisers in the police 282; testifies at Wolkoff—Kent trial 296; M proud of 296; life after MI5 339
Maclean, Donald 128, 179, 318, 319, 320–21
McMeakin, Elsie 100
MacNab, Angus 224, 298–9
Mail on Sunday 342
Maisky, Ivan 237
Makgill, Sir Donald (‘Don’) 20, 25–6, 27, 28, 31, 42, 50, 51, 139–40
Makgill, Sir George 18, 19, 68; relationship with Desmond Morton 49–50; sets up intelligence agency 20–21, 22, 50, 71 (see Makgill Organisation); meeting with M (1923) 7–10, 17; and British Fascisti 22–3, 26, 75; horrified by Labour government 31–2; impressed by Max 31; organises Economic League–’K’ coalition 32–3; death 59
Makgill Organisation 20–21, 22, 25–6, 27, 36, 41 –2, 44, 50, 51, 53, 59, 97–8, 245
Maly, Theodor (‘Mr Peters’) 178, 179, 180, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 203, 219
Manchester Evening News 159
Manchester Guardian 207
Mandeville-Roe, E. Geoffrey (‘M/R’) 117, 118, 139, 193–4, 195, 196, 222, 293, 339
Marina, Princess of Kent 248
Martin, Edith 100
Mass Observation 231
Masters, Anthony 342; The Man Who Was M 331
Matthews, Leo Harrison 334–5
Matthias, Ludwig 265, 266, 272, 279
Maud, Princess of Fife (Lady Carnegie) 247
Maude, John, KC 340
Maugham, William Somerset 137; Ashenden: Or the British Agent 78
Maund, Captain 217
Maund, Mona (‘M/2’) 104, 109, 130, 146, 214–19, 256, 319, 337, 339
Maxwell, Sir Alexander 239, 288
Maxwell Knight Memorial Fund 336
Maxwell Knight Young Naturalists’ Library 336
May, Alan Nunn 318
Mayne, Ferdy 114
‘M/B’ 252
‘M/C’ 241, 319
‘M/D’ 252
Medical Supply Association 292
Melville, william 78
Menezes, Rogerio 309
Menzies, Ian 221, 334
Menzies, Stewart 221
Meredith, Frederick 109
‘M/F’ see Roberts, Eric
‘M/H’ see Kurtz, Harold
‘M/I’ see Munck, Hélène de
MI5 xiii, 240–41; employs Mussolini (1917) 24; heads/Director Generals see Kell, Sir Vernon, Petrie, Sir David, Sillitoe, Percy; and Makgill Organisation 20; former officers 47; relaxed about K 48, 51; suspicious of British Fascists 48; postwar cuts and staff reduction 50; and ARCOS raid (1927) 66; arrests Soviet agents in Special Branch 67; unprofessional intelligence gathering 73; relations with MI6 and Special Branch 74–5, 76; renamed the Security Service xiii, 76–7; tasked with investigating Communist movement 76–7, 87, 129, 138, 149–50, 164, 172, 213–14; and Invergordon Mutiny (1931) 86–7; headquarters (‘The Office’) on Cromwell Road 88–9, 97, 127, 198, 200; information regarding Communist Party ‘strictly limited’ 89–90; naming of agents 100; and Glading/Woolwich Arsenal case 119, 120, 121, 149, 181, 183, 190–91, 203–4; Jimmy Dickson as agent (see entry) 125–6, 127; attitude to Fascist movement 136–9, 152, 153, 157, 161, 171–2, 196; watchers’ methods ‘very unscientific’ 183–4; wages 211; demands internment without trial 196–7; fails to arrest Melita Norwood 217–19; changes in recruitment 314; and German espionage 220, 224, 265; ‘Double Cross’ deception 230, 303; battles with Home Office over mass internment 238–41, 274, 275–6, 278–9, 288–93, 300–2; and wartime ‘spy fever’ 271; official histories 313, 319; and ‘Cambridge Spies’ and further Soviet espionage 313–16, 318, 319; and Zionist terrorists 317; bugs Communist Party headquarters 318; and Driberg 321–3; and Security Service Act (1989) 337; and the ‘Waldegrave Initiative’ 337; former agent appeals against murder conviction 168; see also ‘M Section’
MI6 xiii, 71, 241; and Zinoviev Letter 36; head (‘C’) 78, see Sinclair, Sir Hugh, see also Menzies, Stewart; Production section run by Desmond Morton (see entry) 49; suggests MI5’s staff be reduced 50; and ARCOS raid 66; shares Makgill’s agents 50–51; and arrest of Soviet agents in Special Branch 67; and use of Max and his agent network 68–70, 72–4; ‘outright warfare’ with Special Branch 74–6; and ‘Treaty of Westminster’ 76–7, 88, 126; and Glading 119; undercover agents 221, 224, 247, 339; and M’s encroachment on Belgian territory 273, 300; and Soviet moles 316, 323, 324
Military Censorship 246, 249, 256
Miller, Joan 256–7, 276, 277, 296
Minehead: Madame Miranda (beauty salon) 160
miners/Miners’ Federation 56, 57
Ministry of Labour 126
Mirren, Dame Helen 267
Mitcham, Surrey 10; Mitcham Common 11, 61
Mitchell, Harold, MP 247
Mitford, Unity 134, 247
Mitford sisters see Guinness, Diana; Mitford, Unity
‘M/J’ see Joyce, William
‘M/M’ 252
Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact (1939) 228, 229, 230, 231
Montagu, Ivor 327–8
Morning Post 24
Morris, Desmond 328, 336
Morton, Desmond 49, 50–52, 53, 66–70, 72–5, 76, 77, 291–2, 293, 300
Mosley, Sir Oswald 132–3, 144; with Mussolini in Rome 117, 135, 136; launches new Fascist party (see British Union of Fascists) 117, 118; impressed by Joyce 133, 134, 135; supported by Lord Rothermere 139; performs at Fascist rally in Olympia (1934) 151; strengthens relationships with Mussolini and Hitler 154, 157, 161, 162, 170, 171; British public turns against 171; delivers inflammatory speeches 172; forces Joyce out of BUF 200; ‘our time is approaching’ 259; appeals to ‘patriotism’ of BUF members 288; and Captain Ramsay 285, 289; imprisoned 290; appears as character witness for Anna Wolkoff 296–7; unable to relaunch postwar political career 293
‘M/R’ see Mandeville-Roe, E. G.
‘M/S’ see Sykes, Claud
‘M/T’ see Tesch, Kathleen
Muggeridge, Malcolm 263
Munck, Hélène de 252–4, 256–8, 262, 268–70, 272–3, 285, 293, 296, 300, 337, 339
Munday, Charles 204, 217–18; trial 208–9, 210
Munich Crisis (1938) 223, 224, 228–9
Munzenberg, Willi 105, 106
Mussolini, Benito 24, 60, 75; and Mosley 117, 135; and funding of British Union of Fascists 139, 140, 154, 162, 171; supported by BUF 170; meets Mandeville-Roe 194; and Ribbentrop 258; and Del Monte 278
‘M/Y’ see Mackie, Marjorie
National Archives 337
National Fascisti 59
‘National’ Government 83
National Zeitung 196
Natural History Museum 88, 336
Naturalist, The (BBC radio) 326, 327
Naturalists’ Notebook (BBC radio) 326
Nature Parliament (BBC radio) 326
Nazi Party 117, 133, 134, 137–8, 157, 173, 223, 256, 271–2, 281, 300; in London 196, 229–30; see also Hitler, Adolf
New York Times 207
News Chronicle 220
Nicholas II, Tsar 248, 253
Nieuwenhuys, Jean 255–6, 273
NKVD (People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs) 178–82, 185, 186, 187–9, 191, 203, 218–19, 272, 315, 321
Noakes, S. H. 308
Nordic League 232
Norwood, Melita 217–19
Nuremberg, Germany: ‘Day of Victory’ celebrations (1933) 134; Trials 340
Observer 24
‘Office, The’ 88–9, 171, 238, 340; M refuses to run ‘M Section’ from 97, 127, 198, 200, 317; attitudes to M 118, 130, 177, 244, 318, 319; and Anna Wolkoff 247, 255; and Soviet moles 314, 316, 323–4
Official Secrets Act 136, 297, 315, 318, 323
Original Dixieland Jazz Band 14
Orwell, George 210
Overseas Club, London 174–5
Parker, Andrew 93
Peace Pledge Union 238, 306
Pearson, Inspector Joseph 2–3, 284
Pepys, Mark see Cottenham, Earl of
Petrie, Sir David 304
Philby, Kim 128, 179, 187, 188, 210, 313
Pilcher, Toby 278
Pincher, Chapman 323
Poland 228, 229, 240, 246, 300
police, the: on strike 19; and K’s raid on Glasgow Communist Party headquarters 40–41, 47; and ARCOS raid 66–7; pass and receive MI5 intelligence 90, 100, 193; enter Daily Worker offices 128; and Fascist movement 136, 138, 276, 301; and intelligence operations 191–2; and Glading’s arrest 205, 209, 217; allow Joyce to escape to Germany 232; wartime arrests 309; infiltrated by Right Club sympathisers 282; see also Special Branch
Pollard, A. F. 102, 103
Pollard, Graham 99–103, 109, 127, 128–9, 169, 181; An Enquiry into the Nature of Certain Nineteenth Century Pamphlets (with Carter) 145–6
Pollard, Kathleen see Beauchamp, Kathleen
Pollitt, Harry 38–9, 41, 47, 141–3, 146, 149, 163, 164–5, 169, 180
Pontecorvo, Bruno 318
Popov, Dusko (‘TRICYCLE’) 230
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) 168, 342–3
Poston, Guy 305, 332
Pritt, Denis, KC 209, 210
PTSD see post-traumatic stress disorder
Putlitz, Wolfgang zu 220
Pyle, Dolly 83, 84, 85
Quennell, Peter: The Marble Foot 102–3
Radley, Ellen 194
Radley Forensic Document Laboratory 194
Rag Tiger (record) 14
Ramsay, Hon. Captain Archibald Maule, MP (‘Jock’) 242–4, 247, 254, 259, 272, 273, 285, 289, 290, 296
Ramsay, Mrs 243, 246, 254
Redesdale, David Freeman-Mitford, 2nd Baron 247
Retallick, Rita 156–7, 167
Ribbentrop, Joachm ‘von’ 137, 228, 258
Riddell, Enid 277
Right Club 242–3, 244, 246, 247, 248, 252, 254, 256, 258, 259, 260, 262, 267, 270, 273, 276, 277, 282, 289, 338; Red Book 285, 286, 289
Roberts, Eric (‘Jack King’; ‘M/F’): childhood 151–2; self-improvement 151; recruited by M 44–5, 293; first assignment 45; relationship with M 45–6; infiltrates British Communist Party 151; and Ivor Montagu 327; reactivated by M 151, 152, 193; honeymoons in Nazi Germany 152; infiltrates British Union of Fascists 152–8, 159, 160–61, 162, 196, 224; reports on Edith Tudor-Hart 184; infiltrates the Right Club 242; suspects Anthony Blunt 315; infiltrates right-wing groups as Gestapo officer 43–4, 299–300; suffers PTSD 342; becomes MI5 officer 340–41; emigrates to Canada 341; on Olga Gray; on Joyce 200, 201; MI5 files released 43–4
Roberts, Maxwell 341
Roesel, Dr Gottfried 196
Roosevelt, President Franklin D. 186, 297; correspondence with Churchill compromised 2, 265, 266, 272, 277–8, 295, 297, 338
Rothermere, Harold Harmsworth, 1st Viscount 139
Rothschild, Victor 114
Runyon, Damon 114
St James’s Park Underground Station 70, 73
Saklatvala, Shapurji, MP 31, 32, 35
Saville, Victor: The W. Plan 83
Schlesinger, James 93
Schubatow, Prince 261
Scott, Peter 326, 330, 336
Scott, Sir Robert Russell 136
Scrimgeour, Alex 171
séances 199–200
Seaton, Reginald 175—6
Secret Service Bureau 240–41
Secret Service Committee 75, 76, 118, 127
Security Service 76–7
Security Service Act (1989) 337
Selsey, Rosamund 200
Shakespeare, William: Macbeth 305
Shields, Jimmy 127–8
Sillitoe, Percy 317
Simons, Stanley 212
Simpson, Wallis 248
Sinclair, Sir Hugh (‘C’) 68–9, 75, 76, 78, 118
Sisman, Adam: John Le Carré 319
Sloane Street (No. 38) 96–7, 156, 198
Smith, Harry 314–15
Smith, William ‘Crickett’ 147
Snowden, Edward 266
SOE see Special Operations Executive
Soviet Union 19, 20, 23, 49, 66, 87, 172, 228, 230, 238, 243, 303, 337; ambassadors 45, 237; defectors 67, 90; and ARCOS raid 66–7; diplomatic relations restored 67–8; espionage/agents 66, 67, 68, 109, 130, 164–5, 168, 185, 191–2, 217–19, 316, 328, see also ‘Cambridge Spies’; Glading, Percy; Kent, Tyler; Wolkoff, Anna; front organisations 121–3; London safe house 183, 184; Navy 185–6; first atomic bomb test 318; see also Comintern; Friends of the Soviet Union; NKVD; Stalin, Joseph
Spanish Civil War (1936–8) 180, 220, 240
Special Branch, Metropolitan Police 51; makes payments to agents 47, 51; infiltrated by Soviet spies 67; instructed to scale back operations against British Communist Party 67–8; bypassed by Desmond Morton 68, 72; and Max’s lunches with Lt-Colonel Carter 72–4, 77, 333; ‘outright warfare’ with MI6 74–5; and the ‘Treaty of Westminster’ 76–7; wrecks recruitment of Communist Party informants 108; and Glading 119, 120, 205; and Fascist movement 136, 172, 301; reports that Max warned Joyce of imminent arrest 244; and Kent–Wolkoff arrests 1–3, 267, 268, 270, 282–6, 296; and mass internment 276, 278; against use of agents provocateurs 299
Special Operations Executive (SOE) 309, 334
Speyer, Sir Edgar 18
spiritualism 199, 256–7, 339
Springball, Douglas 315
Stalin, Joseph 149, 150, 185–6, 228, 229, 231
‘Stalin’s Terror’ 188
Stapleton, Irma 308
‘Stephens, Mr and Mrs’ see Borovoy, Mikhail
Stern Gang (Zionist group) 317
Stirling, Aubrey 89
Straits Times 159
Sunday Times 320–21
Suschitzky, Wolf 327
Sussex Agricultural Express 42
Sykes, Claud (‘M/S’) 195–6, 293, 339
Tangye, Derek 316
Teagarden, Jack 311
Tesch, Kathleen (‘M/T’) 225–7, 293, 337, 339
Tesch, Leonard Robert 225, 226
Thames House: The Office 198
Thistlethwaite, Dick 97–8
Thomas, Joe 165
Thompson, E. P. 323
Time magazine 206, 207
Times, The 24, 32, 34, 102, 146
‘Tony’ see Blunt, Anthony
Trades Union Congress 57, 136
trade unions 19, 20, 27, 28, 146, 319
Treachery Act (1940) 290
‘Treaty of Westminster’ 76, 88, 126
Trenchard, Hugh Trenchard, 1st Viscount 136
Trevor-Roper, Hugh 316
‘TRICYCLE’ see Popov, Dusko
‘Trilby’ see Ewer, William
Truth (periodical) 159
Tucker, Mr Justice 297, 311
Tudor-Hart, Edith 156–7, 184, 187–8, 327
Tudor-Hart, Miss H. B. 156
Tythegston Court, Wales 9, 10, 61
unemployment 19, 69, 83, 132, 139
United Services Club 69
Vernon, Wilfred 109
Victoria Tutorial College, London 116
Vivian, Valentine 217
Vogue (magazine) 248
‘Waldegrave Initiative’ 337
Wall Street Crash (1929) 69
Wandsworth prison 311
War Book 196–7, 239, 293
Washington Post 206
Waugh, Evelyn 103
Week in Westminster, The (BBC radio) 321
Weidenfeld & Nicolson (publishers) 322
Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, 5th Duke of 247
West, Nigel 315; Mask 164; MI5 305
Western Morning News 177
Westminster Bank 44, 151, 154, 160, 161, 171
Whaddon, Buckinghamshire 226
Wheatley, Dennis 199, 222, 229
Wheen, Francis: Tom Driberg 321, 322
White, Dick 177
White, John Baker 8, 17, 20, 74–5, 90
Whiteman, Paul 13
Whomack, George 191, 204; trial 208–9, 210
Wilhelmshaven Mutiny, Germany (1918) 87
Willetts, Paul: Rendez-vous at the Russian Tea Rooms 282, 283
Williams, Albert: trial 208–9, 210
Willingdon, Freeman Freeman-Thomas, 1st Marquess of, Viceroy of India 173
Willington School, Putney 16, 27, 52
Winter, Sir Ormonde 52
Wintringham, Tom 128
Withypool, Devon: Royal Oak Hotel 61–2, 69, 115, 118, 160
Wodehouse, P. G. 171
Wolkoff, Alexander 260
Wolkoff, Anna ‘de’ 247–8; angry at collapse of her business 248; introduced to Mrs Mackie 248; puts up posters undermining the war effort 248; boasts she can get uncensored messages out of the country 249; under surveillance by Mrs Mackie 254–5, 256; and Hélène de Munck 252, 253, 257–8; applies to Kell for a job at MI5 255; meets Kell and M 260–62; connection with Tyler Kent 262, 266–7, 272–3; given envelope for Joyce by J. McGuirk Hughes 268–70, 297, 300, 306; linked with Kent by M 273–4; obtains information from Churchill–Roosevelt correspondence 277–8; arrested 279–80, 282, 283, 284, 285, 287, 291; trial 295, 296–8, 339; sentenced 297
Wolkoff, Admiral Nikolai 248, 249, 252, 253, 268
Wollic, Sir William 175
Woman’s Hour (BBC radio) 326
Woolf, Virginia 229
Woolwich Arsenal 120, 130–31, 149, 180, 181; ‘spy ring’ 185, 191, 204, 206, 208–9, 213, 338
Worcester, HMS 9, 12, 115
Workers Press Commission 101
Working Class Movement Library, Manchester 215
Younger, Bill 229, 241, 305
Zinoviev Letter 36, 50
Zoological Society of London 327–8