xvi Vulture and Book. Painting © 1990 by Simon Thomsett. Used by permission.
1 Introduction epigraph from The Diary of a Left-handed Birdwatcher by Leonard Nathan (1996). Used by permission of Graywolf Press.
3 American Robins. Painting from The Birds of America by John James Audubon (1840). Reproduction © 2008 by Dover Publications, Inc. Used by permission.
6 Chauvet Owl. Photo by HTO, from Wikimedia Commons (public domain).
8 In-text quotation reprinted with the permission of Simon & Schuster, Inc., from One River: Explorations and Discoveries in the Amazon Rain Forest, by Wade Davis. Copyright © 1996 by Wade Davis. All rights reserved.
9 Seraphim Mosaic. Photo by Mattana, from Wikimedia Commons (public domain).
13 Chapter epigraph from The Archaeopteryx’s Song by Edwin Morgan (1977). Used by permission of Carcanet Press.
18 Cartoon of Charles Darwin from the Hornet, March 22, 1871. Image from Wikimedia Commons (public domain).
20 Archaeopteryx lithographica (cast of Berlin Specimen). Photo © 2010 by Thor Hanson.
31 Insect Scoop. Illustration by John Ostrom, from Ostrom 1979. Courtesy of American Scientist.
35 Winter Wren, woodcut by Thomas Bewick (eighteenth century). Reproduction © 2004 by Dover Publications, Inc. Used by permission.
37 Contour Feather. Illustration © 2010 by Nicholas Judson. Used by permission.
40 Developmental Theory (after Prum 1999). Illustration © 2010 by Nicholas Judson. Used by permission.
43 Chapter epigraph from Unearthing the Dragon (2005) by Mark Norell. Used by permission.
49 Sinosauropteryx prima. Artwork © 2006 by Julius Csotonyi. Used by permission.
50 Caudipteryx zoui. Illustration © 2008 by Peter Schouten. Used by permission.
51 Beipiaosaurus. Illustration © by Xing Lida and Zhao Chuang. Used by permission.
60 Common Pigeon. Artist unknown (nineteenth-century engraving). Reproduction © 1979 by Dover Publications, Inc. Used by permission.
63 Thin-billed Prion Chick. Photo © 2005 by Petra Quillfeldt. Used by permission.
68 Dürer’s Rhinoceros. Illustration by Albrecht Dürer, 1515. Image from Wikimedia Commons (public domain).
76 Feather Growth and Molt (after Gill 2007). Illustration © 2010 by Nicholas Judson. Used by permission.
77 King of Saxony Bird of Paradise, from Frith and Beehler 1998. Illustrations by William T. Cooper, © 1998 by Oxford University Press. Used by permission.
89 Golden-crowned Kinglet. Illustration by R. Bruce Horsfall, from Pearson 1936 (public domain).
97 Feather Factory. Photo © 2010 by Thor Hanson.
101 Chapter epigraph reproduced from Analysis of Respiratory Pattern During Panting in Fowl by Mike Gleeson (1985). Used by permission of the Journal of Experimental Biology.
104 Northern Flickers. Painting from The Birds of America by John James Audubon (1840). Reproduction © 2008 by Dover Publications, Inc. Used by permission.
107 Girdle-tailed Lizard. Artist unknown (nineteenth century). Reproduction © 1979 by Dover Publications, Inc. Used by permission.
108 Sooty Tern. Artist unknown, from Drent 1972. Used by permission of Koninklijke Brill NV.
110 Leghorn Rooster Feather Tracts. Artist unknown, from Lucas and Stettenheim 1972 (public domain).
112 Toucans. Thermal imagery © by Glenn Tattersall. Used by permission.
114 Bat and Owl. Thermal imagery © Hristov, Allen, and Kunz, Boston University. Used by permission.
115 Flight section epigraph from Life, the Universe, and Everything by Douglas Adams, copyright © 1982 by Serious Productions Ltd. Used by permission of Crown Publishers, a division of Random House, Inc.
119 Silver-laced Wyandotte by A. O. Schilling, from The American Standard of Perfection (1938 edition). Used by permission of the American Poultry Association.
122 Proavis. Illustration from Origin of Birds by Gerhard Heilmann (1927) (public domain).
124 Wallace’s Flying Frog by John Gerrard Keulemans, from The Malay Archipelago by Alfred Russel Wallace (1869) (public domain).
128 Chukar and Protobird. Artwork by Robert Petty. Courtesy of the Flight Laboratory, Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana.
133 Apollo 15 Feather. Photo courtesy of NASA.
137 Peregrine Falcons. Painted by Luis Agassiz Fuertes, from Eaton 1915 (public domain).
143 The Lament for Icarus. Artwork by Herbert James Draper (1898). Image from Wikimedia Commons (public domain).
147 Lilienthal Glider. Photo courtesy of Otto Lilienthal Museum, Anklam, Germany.
149 Featherfly. Model design by Ray Malmstrom. Courtesy of Impington Village College Model Aeroplane Club and the Ray Malmstrom family.
153 Cardinal Landing. Photo © 2007 by Howard Cheek. Image from
BigStock.com.
162 Greater Birds of Paradise by T. W. Wood, from The Malay Archipelago by Alfred Russel Wallace (1869) (public domain).
163 Birds of Paradise, from Frith and Beehler 1998. Illustrations by William T. Cooper, © 1998 by Oxford University Press. Used by permission.
168 Sing-sing. Photo © 1991 by Clifford B. Frith. Used by permission.
172 Las Vegas Showgirls. Used by permission of Found Image Press, LLC.
177 McCall’s Covers, from McCall’s Magazine, various issues, 1908–1911 (public domain).
181 Ostrich Expedition Map (after Smit 1984). Map © 2010 by Nicholas Judson. Used by permission.
184 Ostrich Expedition Photos. Courtesy of Dave Glenister and the family of Russel William Thornton.
194 Leah C. Hat. Photo © by 2010 Leah C. Couture Millinery (Photographer: M. K. Semos; hair: Ryan B. Anthony; makeup: Jules Waldkoetter; model: Lindsay Michelle Nader). Used by permission.
195 Chapter epigraph from Kodachrome copyright © 1973 Paul Simon. Used by permission of the publisher, Paul Simon Music.
199 Cedar Waxwing. Illustration by R. Bruce Horsfall, from Pearson 1936 (public domain).
202 Anchiornis huxleyi. Artwork © 2009 by Julius Csotonyi. Used by permission.
204 Red Feather Money. Photos by William Davenport. Courtesy of the Penn Museum, image numbers 176014 and 176008a.
207 Aztec Warriors. Illustration from The Florentine Codex, by Bernadino de Sahagun (1574). Image from Wikimedia Commons (public domain).
218 Water Drop on Feather. Photo courtesy of Edward Bormashenko and the Journal of Colloid and Interface Science.
229 Atlantic Salmon Flies. Artist unknown, from The Salmon Fly by George Kelson (1895).
231 Fly Casting. Artist unknown, from The Salmon Fly by George Kelson (1895).
235 Art of Writing. Artist unknown, from L’Encyclopédie by Denis Diderot (1750–1765). Image courtesy of ARTFL Encyclopédie Project.
240 Sower and the Seed. Illumination by Aidan Hart with contributions from Donald Jackson and Sally Mae Joseph, © 2002, The Saint John’s Bible, Hill Museum & Manuscript Library, Order of Saint Benedict, Collegeville, Minnesota, USA. Scripture quotations are from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, Catholic Edition, Copyright 1993, 1989 National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
242 Quill Pens. Artist unknown, from L’Encyclopédie by Denis Diderot (1750–1765). Image courtesy of ARTFL Encyclopédie Project.
249 White-backed Vultures. Watercolor © 1990 by Simon Thomsett. Used by permission.
254 Club-winged Manakin. Illustration © 1998 by Kimberly Bostwick. Used by permission.
257 Manakin Feathers. Artist unknown, from Darwin 1871 (public domain).
268 Feather Lab Plume. Photo © 2010 by Thor Hanson.
273 Illustrated Guide to Feathers. Illustrations © 2010 by Nicholas Judson. Used by permission.