Glossary and Abbreviations

Agitprop – Agitation and Propaganda

ANC – African National Congress

apparat – apparatus, bureaucracy

apparatchik – bureaucrat, full-time official (especially of Communist Party)

BBC – British Broadcasting Corporation

BCP – Bulgarian Communist Party

blat – pull, influence through reciprocal favours (Russia)

BSP – Bulgarian Socialist Party

Bund – Jewish socialist organization

CC – Central Committee

CCP – Chinese Communist Party

Cheka – All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage (December 1917–22)

CIA – Central Intelligence Agency (USA)

Cominform – Communist Information Bureau (1947–56)

Comintern – Communist International (1919–43)

CPGB – Communist Party of Great Britain

CPI – Communist Party of India

CPI (M)–Communist Party of India (Marxist)

CPR – Chinese People’s Republic

CPRF – Communist Party of the Russian Federation

CPSA – Communist Party of South Africa

CPSU – Communist Party of Soviet Union

CPUSA – Communist Party of the USA

CPV – Communist Party of Vietnam

CPY – Communist Party of Yugoslavia (to 1952)

CSCE – Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe

CWIHB – Cold War International History Bulletin

DPA – Democratic Party of Albania

DRV – Democratic Republic of Vietnam

FNLA – National Front for the Liberation of Angola

FRG – Federal Republic of Germany

GDP – Gross Domestic Product

GDR – German Democratic Republic

glasnost – openness, transparency

Glavlit – state censorship (USSR)

Gosplan – State Planning Committee (USSR)

guanxi – connections, networking, reciprocal exchange of favours (China)

ID – International Department (CC of CPSU)

ILO – International Labour Organization

IMEMO – Institute of World Economy and International Relations (Moscow)

INF – Intermediate-range Nuclear Forces

Iskra – The Spark (newspaper and organization founded by Lenin)

JCP – Japanese Communist Party

KAN – Club of Non-Party Activists (Czechoslovakia, 1968)

KGB – Committee of State Security (USSR)

Komsomol – Young Communist League (USSR)

KOR – Workers’ Defence Committee (Poland)

KPD – Communist Party of Germany

Kuomintang (also known as Guomindang)–Chinese Nationalist Party

LCY – League of Communists (Yugoslavia – after 1952)

MAD – Mutally Assured Destruction

MAKN – Mongolian People’s Revolutionary Party

MGB – Ministry of State Security (USSR, 1946–53)

MKS – Inter-Factory Strike Committee (in Poland)

MPLA – Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola

MVD – Ministry of Internal Affairs (USSR)

MSZMP – Hungarian Socialist Workers’ Party

NEM – New Economic Mechanism (Hungary)

NEP – New Economic Policy (of Lenin in 1920s)

NKVD – People’s Commissariat of Internal Affairs (name of Soviet security police during worst years of the purges)

nomenklatura – Communist system of appointments; also used to refer to people appointed to high positions by this system as an especially privileged social stratum

Novy mir – New World (Russian monthly literary journal)

NSA – National Security Archive (Washington DC)

OGPU – name of Soviet security organs before they became

NKVD Okhrana – pre-revolutionary Russian secret police

ORI – Integrated Revolutionary Organization (name of Cuban Communist party, 1961–65)

PCC – Cuban Communist Party

PCE – Spanish Communist Party

PCF – French Communist Party

PCI – Italian Communist Party

PDPA – People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan

perestroika – reconstruction (or restructuring)

PKI – Communist Party of Indonesia

PLA – People’s Liberation Army (China)

Politburo – Political Bureau of Central Committee of Communist parties (the highest collective policy-making body in Communist states)

POUM – Worker Party of Marxist Unification (Spain)

PSP – Popular Socialist Party (early name of Cuban Communist party)

PUWP – Polish United Workers’ Party

RFE – Radio Free Europe

RL – Radio Liberty

RSDLP – Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (forerunner of CPSU).

RSFSR – Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian republic of USSR)

Sovnarkom – Council of People’s Commissars (name of Soviet government – became Council of Ministers from 1946)

sovnarkhozy – regional economic councils (Khrushchev era, USSR)

SPD – Social Democratic Party (Germany)

SRs – Socialist Revolutionaries (a Russian political party, 1902–22)

svyazi – connections (Russia)

UDF – Union of Democratic Forces (Bulgaria)

UN – United Nations

USSR – Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

vozhd’–leader and guide, with strongly positive connotation (Russia)