Chizuko: Yoshiko’s assistant
Doihara Kenji: notorious agent provocateur of the Kwantung Army, whose many dark acts furthered Japanese advances in China; said to be one of Yoshiko’s financial backers
Fuku: Yoshiko’s adoptive mother; wife of Kawashima Naniwa
Fukunaga Kosei: only surviving daughter of Hiro and Pujie
Ganjurjab: son of Mongol military leader Babujab; married Yoshiko in 1927
Harada Tomohiko: Naniwa’s relative, who knew Yoshiko in her youth
Hiro: see Saga Hiro
Itō Hanni: speculator, Yoshiko’s lover
Iwata Ainosuke: ultranationalist activist and Yoshiko’s onetime suitor
Jin Bihui: another name for Kawashima Yoshiko
Jin Moyu: Yoshiko’s younger sister
Kamisaka Fuyuko: author of 1984 biography of Yoshiko
Kawashima Naniwa: Yoshiko’s adoptive father
Kawashima Renko: Yoshiko’s niece; adopted by Kawashima Naniwa
Kawashima Shōko: Yoshiko’s grand-niece, Renko’s daughter
Kawashima Yoshiko: also known as Aisin Gioro Xianyu, Eastern Jewel, Radiant Jade, Jin Bihui
Kosei: see Fukunaga Kosei
Mariko: Yoshiko’s fictional counterpart in Muramatsu Shōfū’s novel The Beauty in Men’s Clothing
Matsuoka Yōsuke: foreign minister of Japan 1940–1941
Moriyama Eiji: ultranationalist and Yoshiko’s onetime suitor
Muramatsu Shōfū: author of best-selling novel about Yoshiko, The Beauty in Men’s Clothing
Muramatsu Tomomi: Muramatsu Shōfū’s grandson; also wrote about Yoshiko
Naniwa: see Kawashima Naniwa
Ogata Hachirō: Yoshiko’s assistant in the latter part of her life
Prince Su: Yoshiko’s father; also known as Shanqi
Pujie: younger brother of “Last Emperor” Puyi; husband of Saga Hiro
Puyi: last emperor of the Qing dynasty
Renko: see Kawashima Renko
Saga Hiro: aristocratic Japanese wife of Pujie
Sasakawa Ryōichi: controversial entrepreneur and Yoshiko’s benefactor
Shōfū: see Muramatsu Shōfū
Shōko: see Kawashima Shōko
Sonomoto Kotone: became close friend of Yoshiko’s in 1939, in Fukuoka
Su Bingwen: warlord who staged a rebellion against the occupying Japanese
Tada Hayao: officer in Kwantung Army, Yoshiko’s lover
Tanaka Ryūkichi: officer in Kwantung Army, Yoshiko’s lover
Terao Saho: author of 2008 biography of Yoshiko
Tomomi: see Muramatsu Tomomi
Tōyama Mitsuru: prominent ultranationalist leader of Gen’yōsha, a group dedicated to Japan’s expansion
Wanrong: Puyi’s wife
Xianli: Yoshiko’s older brother
Yamaga Tōru: Yoshiko’s “first love”; later worked for Japan’s Special Service Agency
Yamaguchi Yoshiko: famed singer-actress, known in China as Li Xianglan and in Japan as Ri Kōran
Zhang Zuolin: also known as Chang Tso-lin; powerful warlord assassinated by the Japanese in 1928