Concept Index

n-gram

character n-gram

abjad

abugida

acoustic phonetics

acoustic signal processing

aggregator sites

agreement

alignment

alphabet

alphabetic system

alphasyllabary

ambiguity

covering ambiguity
lexical ambiguity
overlapping ambiguity
structural ambiguity

amplitude

animal communication system

annotation

antonym

arbitrariness

article

articulatory phonetics

artificial intelligence

ASCII

aspiration

asterisk (*)

automatic speech recognition (ASR)

automatic spelling corrector

babbling

back off

backtrack

bag-of-words assumption

bag-of-words method

base rate

base rate neglect

Bayes’ theorem

Big Endian

bigram

binary

bit

Boolean expression

bottom-up

branching CALL system

bridge languages

byte

canned text response

capitalization

center-embedded structure

channel model

character n-gram

characteristics of human language

chatbot

chromatographic

citation form

classes

classification

classifiers

click-through measurement

cloze exercise

cluster

clustering

coarticulation

cognate

cognitive bias

complexity

compositional semantics

compositionality

compound noun

computer adaptive testing

concatenation

conditioned event

conditioning event

confirmation

confusion probability

confusion set

consonant cluster

constituency

constituency test

construct under-representation

context of use

context word

context-dependent word correction

context-free grammar

context-sensitive grammar

continuous

contraction

convention

conversational maxim

cooperative principle

corpus

corpus annotation

corpus linguistics

counter

cross-serial dependency

cultural transmission

data mining

data sparsity

database

database frontend

decoding

deletion

derivational affix

deskilling

descriptive grammar

diacritic

dialog convention

dialog management move

dialog move

diphone

direct approaches to translation

directed, acyclic graph

discreteness

disjunction

displacement

distractor

distribution

distribution of a word

document classification

dynamic programming

edge

edge label

edit distance

Levenshtein distance
minimum edit distance

effect

emergentism

error cause

error correction precision

error detection precision

error detection recall

error-driven learning

escaped character

ethical impact of LT

evaluation of results

example-based translation

fallback case

fallback step

false friend

false negative

false positive

false positive rate

feature

feature engineering

field

fill-in-the-blank (FIB)

finite-state automata

first language acquisition

formal language theory

formant

frame-based CALL system

free word-order language

frequency

fricative

fully automatic machine translation

fundamental frequency

gap-fill exercise

generation

generative

gold-standard annotation

government

grammar

grammar checking

grammar fragment

Gricean maxim

Manner
Quality
Quantity
Relevance

hand-crafted

having the floor

Hertz

hexadecimal

hierarchical

homophone

HTML tag

human language and animal communication

hypernym

hyponym

IBM Model

ICALL

impact of LT

on self-perception
on society

implicit confirmation

index

individual and social identity

individual feedback

inference

inflectional suffix

information loss

information need

initiating move

innate language faculty

innateness

input layer

insertion

intelligent language tutoring system (ILTS)

interactive spell checker

interlanguage

interlingua

intersection

intonation

inverted index

isolated-word error correction

iteration

iterative method

kitchen sink strategy

L1 transfer

language and identity

language awareness

language model

language testing

learner modeling

learner strategies

least cost

lemma

lexical category

lexical semantic relation

lexical semantics

lexical stem lookup

lexical transfer

lifting

ligature

likelihood

limited domain

linear CALL system

linear model

linear order

linearly separable

linguistic feature

literal meaning

literal strings

Little Endian

local syntactic error

logograph

long-distance syntactic error

loudness

machine-aided human translation

machine learning

mal-rule

manner of articulation

mass noun

maximize probability

message model

meta-information

meta-linguistic feedback

meta tag

metadata

metalinguistics

mixed-initiative

model

monitoring

morpheme

morphology

multi-error misspelling

multiple-choice exercise

n-gram

Naive Bayes

named entity recognition

native speaker

natural language

natural language generation

nature and quality of automated tasks

necessary

negation

noisy channel

non-compositional

nonpositional bigram array

nonterminal

nonword error

nonword error detection

noun, generic use of

null word

odds ratio

ontology

operator precedence

opinion mining

oscillogram

outcome

output layer

overtone

Page Rank

parallel corpora

parse

parts of speech

payoff

perceptron

performative utterance

phi-squared (ϕ2)

phonetic alphabet

phrasal category

phrase based

phrase structure rule

phrase table

pictograph

pitch

place of articulation

positional bigram array

precision

precondition

prescriptivism

preserve meaning

preserving the intended message

prioritization of feedback

privacy

probability

prior probability

productivity

query

query log

ranking

real-word error

recall

recursive

regression

regular expression

relaxation-based technique

relevance

request

request clarification

response

robust

role

run-on error

safety critical

sampling rate

script

search engine

search engine option

second language acquisition

selection

self-perception

semantic hierarchy

semantic-phonetic compound

semantic relatedness

Semantic Web

semantics

semantically inappropriate

semi-structured data

sensitivity

sentence alignment

sentiment analysis

sentiment classification

sequencing of instruction

teaching material

single-error misspelling

smoothing

snippets

sociolinguistics

sound wave

source language

speaker-adaptive

speaker-dependent

speaker-independent

special character

specificity

spectrogram

speech

speech act

speech flow

spell checker

spelling confusion

split error

stages of first language acquisition

state

stemming

stop consonant

stop word

structured data

style checker

subcatego–rization

subject-verb agreement error

sublanguage

substitution

sufficient

suffix

suffix analysis

supervised learning

syllabary

syllabic system

syllable

synonym

syntactic tree

syntax

system-initiative

target language

target modification

task analysis

task oriented

term-by-document matrix

terminal

test set

test suite

text

text-to-speech synthesis (TTS)

token

tokenization

top-down

topological order

training set

transcribe

transfer system

transition probability

translation

translation equivalents

translation memory

translation model

translation need

transparent writing system

transposition

tree node

trigram

true negative

true positive

Turing Test

tutorial dialog

typographical error

unigram

unstructured data

unsupervised learning

upper bound

upselling

upskilling

user-initiative

voicing

vowel

weights

wildcard

Wizard of Oz simulation

word disambiguation

word order

word prediction

word segmentation

word sense

word sense disambiguation (WSD)

writers’ aids

writing system

written text