BIBLIOGRAPHY
Primary Sources
Manuscripts
Alabama
Alabama Department of Archives and History, Montgomery
Alabama Gubernatorial History Record, 1843–1853
William R. King Papers
California
Bancroft Library, University of California, Berkeley
William Gwin Papers
California Historical Society, San Francisco
William Gwin Papers
Huntington Library, San Marino
Levin Papers
Spence-Lowell Collection
Connecticut
Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, New Haven
Western Americana Manuscripts–Foote Letter
Connecticut Historical Society, Hartford
Thomas Beldon Butler Letter
Truman Smith Letters
Connecticut State Library, Hartford
Truman Smith Letters
Manuscripts and Archives Library, Yale University, New Haven
Baldwin Family Papers
Fowler Family Papers
Florida
P. K. Yonge Library of Florida History, University of Florida, Gainesville
David Levy Yulee Papers (Microfilm)
Georgia
Atlanta History Center
Hugh Haralson Papers
Emory University, Atlanta
Jefferson Davis Papers
Alexander Stephens Papers
Georgia Historical Society, Savannah
John Berrien Papers
Georgia State Archives, Atlanta
Georgia Archives Public Reference Files—Robert Toombs
Governor George Towns Executive Department Subject Files
Hargrett Library for Rare Books and Manuscripts, University of Georgia, Athens
Howell Cobb Family Papers
Cobb-Lamer-Erwin Collection
Robert Toombs Letters
Illinois
Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library, Springfield, Ill.
Edward Baker Papers
William H. Bissell Papers
Stephen A. Douglas Papers
John Mclernand Papers
William A. Richardson Papers
Chicago Historical Society
Henry Asbury Papers
David Davis Papers
James Doty Papers
Newberry Library, Chicago
Daniel S. Dickinson Papers
University of Chicago
Stephen A. Douglas Papers
Indiana
Indiana Historical Society, Indianapolis
William H. English Papers
Henry Smith Lane Papers
James Whitcomb Papers
Indiana State Library, Indianapolis
Jesse Bright Letters
George Julian Letters
Kentucky
Filson Historical Society, Louisville
Beatty Family Papers
Humphrey Marshall Papers
Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort
Orlando Brown Papers
Thomas D. Clark Collection
University of Kentucky, Lexington
Boyd Family Papers (Microfilm)
Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green
Joseph Rogers Underwood Family Papers
Louisiana
Louisiana State University–Special Collections, Baton Rouge
Charles E. A. Gayarre Papers
Tulane University, New Orleans
Colcock Family Papers
Maine
Bowdoin College Library, Brunswick
James Bradbury Papers
Maryland
Enoch Pratt Free Library, Baltimore
John Pendelton Kennedy Papers (Microfilm)
Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore
James Pearce Papers
Massachusetts
American Antiquarian Society, Worcester
Charles Allen Papers
George Briggs Papers
John Davis Papers
Boston Public Library
Anti-Slavery Collection–Samuel May Letters
Horace Mann Letters
Houghton Library, Harvard University, Cambridge
John Palfrey Family Papers
Charles Sumner Papers (Microfilm)
Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston
Appleton Family Papers
Horace Mann Papers (Microfilm)
Theodore Parker Papers (Microfilm)
William Schouler Papers
Robert Winthrop Papers (Microfilm)
Museum of Springfield History, Springfield
Manuscripts Collection—George Ashmun Letters
Phillips Library, Peabody Essex Museum, Salem
James Henry Duncan Papers
Michigan
Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Kingsley Bingham Papers (Microfilm)
Burrows Family Papers
Alpheus Felch Papers
William L. Clements Library, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Lewis Cass Papers
Detroit Public Library
Lewis Cass Papers
Mississippi
Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson
A. G. Brown Papers
McWillie-Compton Papers
Missouri
Missouri Historical Society, St. Louis
Thomas Hart Benton Papers
Willard Clark Hall Papers
New Hampshire
New Hampshire Historical Society, Concord
John P. Hale Papers
Charles Peaslee Papers
Amos Tuck Papers
James Wilson Papers
Rauner Library, Dartmouth College, Hanover
Hale-Chandler Papers
Daniel Webster Letters
Daniel Webster Papers (Microfilm–Dartmouth Edition)
New York
Broome County Historical Society, Binghamton
Daniel S. Dickinson Collection
Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, Buffalo
Millard Fillmore Papers (Microfilm)
Columbia University Archives, New York
Azariah Flagg Papers
Hannibal Hamlin Papers
Cornell University, Ithaca
William Bouck Papers
Hugh White Papers
Manhattanville College, Purchase
Alexander Stephens Papers
New-York Historical Society
Beekman Family Papers
Hannibal Hamlin Letters
John A. King Papers
Preston King Letters
William Marcy Papers
Stebbins Letters
Daniel Ullmann Papers
Robert Walker Letters
Walker-Rockwell Papers
Daniel Webster Letters
St. Lawrence University, Canton
Preston King–Simeon Smith Papers
Saratoga Springs Historical Society, Saratoga Springs
Sackett Family Papers
Syracuse University
Gerrit Smith Papers (Microfilm)
University of Rochester
William Henry Seward Papers (Microfilm)
Thurlow Weed Papers
North Carolina
North Carolina State Archives, Raleigh
Edmund DeBerry Papers
David Reid Papers
Rare Book, Manuscript, and Special Collections Library, Duke University, Durham
Baron Bulwer Papers
Armistead Burt Correspondence
John C. Calhoun Papers
Samuel Calvin Papers
Campbell Family Papers
John J. Crittenden Papers
Andrew Ewing Papers
Herschell V. Johnson Papers
Willie Mangum Papers
Paulus Powell Papers
Pierre Soulé Papers
Alexander Stephens Papers
Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
John Berrien Papers (Microfilm)
David F. Caldwell Papers
Edmund DeBerry Papers
Franklin Harper Elmore Papers
Gustavus Henry Papers
James McDowell Papers
David Outlaw Papers
Robert Barnwell Rhett Papers
Thompson Family Papers
Benjamin Yancey Papers
Ohio
Cincinnati Historical Society
Oren Follett Papers
Thomas B. Stevenson Papers
Ohio Historical Society, Columbus
Alexander St. Clair Boys Papers, Vertical File Material
Lewis D. Campbell Papers
Lewis D. Campbell Papers, Vertical File Material
Thomas Corwin Papers, Vertical File Material
Philemon Beacher Ewing Papers
Samuel Galloway Papers
Joshua Reed Giddings Papers
John McLean Papers
Samuel Medary Papers
Benjamin Tappan Papers
Western Reserve Historical Society, Cleveland
Albert G. Riddle Papers
Pennsylvania
Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
James Buchanan Papers (Microfilm)
Salmon Chase Papers (Microfilm)
Roswell L. Colt Papers
George M. Dallas Papers
William Morris Meredith Papers
Pennsylvania State Archives, Harrisburg
Samuel Calvin Papers
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
H. H. Furness Memorial Library Manuscript Collection
South Carolina
South Caroliniana Library, University of South Carolina, Columbia
James L. Orr Papers
Texas
Briscoe Center for American History, University of Texas, Austin
Guy Bryan Papers
Thomas J. Rusk Papers
Vermont
University of Vermont, Burlington
George Marsh Papers
James Meacham Papers
Virginia
Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville
Stuart Baldwin Papers
Papers of the Bocock and of the Bocock, Thornhill Christian, Stephens, Flood,
Patteson, and Diuguid Families of Buckingham and Appomattox Counties
John Overton Choules Collection
Papers of the Dana Family
Papers of the Gouch Family
Papers of Robert Thurston Hubard
Papers of the Hubard Family
Papers of the Hunter-Garnett Family
Jeremiah Morton Papers
Papers of George Ticknor
Library of Virginia, Richmond
Thomas Bayly Papers
Robert M. T. Hunter Papers
Virginia Historical Society, Richmond
Robert M. T. Hunter Papers
McDowell Family Papers
Paulus Paul Papers
William Ballard Preston Papers
Edmund Ruffin Papers
Seddon Family Papers
Washington, D.C.
Library of Congress
John Bell Papers
John Berrien Papers
Jeremiah S. Black Papers
Blair Family Papers
Henry Clay Papers
Henry Clay Family Papers
John C. Calhoun Collection
John C. Calhoun Papers
Salmon Chase Papers
Salmon Chase Papers (Microfilm)
Salmon Chase Papers (University Publications of America Microfilm)
John M. Clayton Papers
William W. Corcoran Papers
Thomas Corwin Correspondence
John J. Crittenden Papers
Thomas Ewing Family Papers
William Pitt Fessenden Papers
Hamilton Fish Papers
Joshua R. Giddings and George W. Julian Papers
James Hammond Papers
Joseph Holt Papers
James Xavier McLanaham Papers
John McLean Papers
William L. Marcy Papers
Humphrey Marshall Papers
James K. Polk Papers
Riggs Family Papers
William C. Rives Papers
Henry Rowe Schoolcraft Papers
Whitemarsh B. Seabrook Papers
Caleb Smith Papers
Alexander Stephens Papers
Thaddeus Stevens Papers
Zachary Taylor Papers
Martin Van Buren Papers
Benjamin F. Wade Papers
Daniel Webster Papers
Thurlow Weed Papers
Gideon Welles Papers
Published Documents and Directories
“The Action of Congress on the California and Territorial Question.” North American Review 71, no. 1 (July 1850): 221–69.
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. http://bioguide.congress.gov/biosearch/biosearch.asp.
Calhoun, John C. A Disquisition on Government and Selections from the Discourse. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1953.
Congressional Directory for the First Session of the Thirty-First Congress of the United States of America. Washington, D.C.: Gideon, 1850. http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?u=l&num=l&seq=10&view=image&size=100&id=njp.32101072368499&ql=congressional+directory.
Congressional Globe. 31st Congress, 1st session. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/ammem/amlaw/lwcglink.html#anchor31.
Journal of the Convention of the State of Mississippi, and the Act Calling the Same. Jackson, Miss.: Thomas Palmer, 1851.
Michigan Legislature. Resolutions Relating to the Union. 1850.
Resolutions, Address, and Journal of Proceedings of the Southern Convention Held at Nashville, June 3–12, 1850. Nashville, 1850.
Richardson, James D., ed. A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents, 1789–1897. Vol. 5. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1896–1899.
Correspondence, Diaries, and Memoirs
American Historical Association. “Correspondence Addressed to John C. Calhoun, 1837–1849.” In Annual Report of the American Historical Association for the Year 1929, edited by Cauncy S. Boucher. Vol. 2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1930.
———. “Correspondence of John C. Calhoun.” In Annual Report of the American Historical Association for the Year 1899, edited by J. Franklin Jameson. Vol. 2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1900.
———. “Correspondence of Robert M. T. Hunter, 1826–76.” In Annual Report of the American Historical Association for the Year 1916, edited by Charles Henry Ambler. Vol. 2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1918.
———. “The Correspondence of Robert Toombs, Alexander H. Stephens, and Howell Cobb.” In Annual Report of the American Historical Association for the Year 1911, edited by Ulrich B. Phillips. Vol. 2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1913.
———. “Diary and Correspondence of Salmon P. Chase.” In Annual Report of the American Historical Association for the Year 1902, edited by Samuel H. Dodson. Vol. 2. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1903.
Avary, Myrta L., ed. Recollections of Alexander H. Stephens. New York: Doubleday, 1910.
Barnes, Thurlow W. Memoir of Thurlow Weed. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1891.
Blesser, Carol, ed. Secret and Sacred: The Diaries of James Hammond. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.
Brooks, R. P., ed. “Howell Cobb Papers.” Georgia Historical Quarterly 5, no. 3 (September 1921): 35–55.
Carter, George E. “Theodore Parker and John P. Hale.” Dartmouth College Library Bulletin 12, no. 1 (November 1972): 13–33.
Clingman, T. L. Selections from the Writings and Speeches of Hon. Thomas L. Clingman of North Carolina, with Additions and Explanatory Notes. Raleigh, N.C.: John Nichols, 1877.
Coleman, Mrs. Chapman. The Life of John J. Crittenden, with Selections from his Correspondence and Speeches. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1871.
Colton, Calvin, ed. The Works of Henry Clay. Vol. 3. New York: G. P. Putnam’s and Sons, 1904.
Crallé, Richard K., ed. The Works of John C. Calhoun. Columbia, S.C: A. S. Johnston, 1851.
Crist, Lynda Lasswell, Haskell M. Monroe Jr., and James T. McIntosh, eds. The Papers of Jefferson Davis. Vol. 4. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1983.
Foote, Henry S. A Casket of Reminiscences. Washington, D.C., 1874.
———. War of the Rebellion; or, Scylla and Charybdis. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1866.
French, Francis. Growing up on Capitol Hill: A Young Washingtonian’s Journal. Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, 1998.
Graff, Leroy P., et al., eds. The Papers of Andrew Johnson. Vol. 1. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1967.
Harvey, Peter. Reminiscences and Anecdotes of Daniel Webster. Boston: Little, Brown, 1877.
Hay, Melba Porter, ed. The Papers of Henry Clay: Candidate, Compromiser and Elder Statesman. Vol. 10. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1991.
Hillard, Henry W. Politics and Pen Pictures at Home and Abroad. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1892.
Johannsen, Robert W., ed. The Letters of Stephen Douglas. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1961.
Julian, George W. Political Recollections, 1840–1872. Chicago: Jansen, McClurg, 1884.
Morrow, Josiah. The Life and Speeches of Thomas Corwin. Cincinnati: W. H. Anderson, 1896.
Nevin, John, et al., eds. The Salmon Chase Papers, Correspondence, 1823–1857. Vol. 2. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1994.
———, eds. The Salmon Chase Papers, Journals, 1829–1872. Vol. 1. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1993.
Palmer, Beverly Wilson, ed. The Selected Letters of Charles Sumner. Vol. 1. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1990.
Quife, Milo, ed. The Diary of James K. Polk. Chicago: Longmans, Green, 1939.
Severance, Frank H., ed. Publications of the Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society: The Millard Fillmore Papers. Buffalo: Buffalo and Erie County Historical Society, 1907.
Seward, Frederick. Seward at Washington. New York: Derby and Miller, 1891.
Shanks, Henry Thomas. The Papers of Willie Pearson Mangum. Vol. 5. Raleigh, N.C.: State Department of Archives and History, 1956.
Stephens, Alexander. A Constitutional View of the Late War between the States. 2 vols. Philadelphia: National, 1868–70.
Tyler, Lyon G., ed. The Letters and Times of the Tylers. Vol. 2. Richmond: Whittet and Shepperson, 1885.
Wentworth, John. Congressional Reminiscences. Chicago: Fergus, 1882.
Williams, Amelia W., and Eugene C. Barker, eds. The Writings of Sam Houston, 1813–1863. Vols. 1–8. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1938–43.
Wilson, Clyde, and Shirley Bright Cook, eds. The Papers of John C. Calhoun, 1849–1850, with Supplement. Vol. 27. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2003.
Wiltse, Charles M., et al., eds. The Papers of Daniel Webster. Vol. 7. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1986.
Winthrop, Robert C. A Memoir of Robert C. Winthrop. Boston: Little, Brown, 1897.
Speeches and Pamphlets
Allen, Charles. Speech by Charles Allen, at the City Hall, in Worcester, Oct. 5, 1850. Worcester, Mass.: Spy Office, 1850. Massachusetts Historical Society.
Brown, A. G. Speech of A. G. Brown, of Mississippi, Delivered at Elwood Springs, Near Port Gibson, Miss., November 2, 1850. Mississippi Department of Archives and History.
Buel, Alexander W. Speech of the Hon. Alex. W. Buel in Defense of the Constitution and the Union Delivered at a Public Dinner Given to him by his Fellow Citizens, at Detroit, November 19, 1850. Washington, D.C.: Thomas Ritchie, 1851. University of Rochester.
Calhoun, John C. “The Southern Address.” In The Works of John C. Calhoun, edited by Richard K. Crallé, 6:285–313. Columbia, S.C.: A. S. Johnston, 1851.
Campbell, Lewis D. “Union for the Cause of Freedom!”: Letter of the Honorable L. D. Campbell, of Ohio, to the Hon. Daniel R. Tilden, as to the Proper Means of Securing Freedom to the Free Territories. N.p.: Bell and Blanchard, 1850. Western Reserve Historical Society.
Chase, Salmon P. Speech of Senator Chase, Delivered at Toledo, May 30, 1851, before a Mass Convention of the Democracy of North-Western Ohio. N.p.: Ben Franklin Book and Job Office, 1851. Massachusetts Historical Society.
Cheves, Langdon. Speech of Langdon Cheves, of South Carolina, in the Southern Convention, at Nashville, Tenn., November 14, 1850. Massachusetts Historical Society.
Clingman, T. L. “Letter of T. L. Clingman to the Editors of the Republic.” March 22, 1850. University of North Carolina.
Dickinson, Charles. Discourse Delivered on Fast Day March 27, 1850 on the Compromise. 1850. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
Dickinson, D. S. “Popular Sovereignty and State Rights.” United States Magazine and Democratic Review 25 (1849): 3, 112.
Douglas, Stephen A. Speech of Hon. Stephen A. Douglas, on the “Measures of Adjustment,” Delivered in the City Hall, Chicago, October 23, 1850. Washington, D.C.: Gideon, 1851. Massachusetts Historical Society.
Graham, Sylvester. Letter to the Hon. Daniel Webster, on the Compromise of the Constitution. Northampton, Mass.: Hopkins, Bridgeman, 1850. Historical Society of Pennsylvania.
Hale, John P. Speech of Mr. Hale, of New Hampshire, on The Territorial Question. March 19, 1850. New Hampshire Historical Society.
Jay, William. Letter to the Hon. William Nelson, M. C. on Mr. Clay’s Compromise. New York: William Harned, 1850. Houghton Library, Harvard University.
Julian, George W. Speeches on Political Questions, 1850–1868. New York: Hurd and Houghton, 1872. https://archive.org/details/speechesonpoliti00juli.
Mann, Horace. Horace Mann’s Letters on the Extension of Slavery into California and New Mexico and on the Duty of Congress to Provide the Trial by Jury for Alleged Fugitive Slave. New York: William Harned, 1850. Massachusetts Historical Society.
———. New Dangers to Freedom and New Duties for Its Defenders: A Letter by the Hon. Horace Mann to His Constituents, 1850, May 3, 1850. Boston: Redding, 1850. Houghton Library, Harvard University.
Morris, Gouverneur. An Oration, Delivered on Wednesday June 29, 1814. N.p.: Committee of Arrangements, 1814. http://digicol.lib.depaul.edu/cdm/ref/collection/p16106coll2/id/5919.
Parker, Theodore. Speech of Theodore Parker Delivered in the Cradle of Liberty, March 25, 1850. Boston: R. F. Wallcut, 1850. Houghton Library, Harvard University.
Phillips, Wendell. Review of Webster’s Speech on Slavery. Boston: American A. S. Society, 1850. Houghton Library, Harvard University.
Selections from the Speeches and Writings of Prominent Men in the US on the Subject of Abolition and Agitation and in Favor of the Compromise Measures. New York, 1851. Cornell University.
Shields, James. Letter of the Honorable James Shields Addressed to a Committee of His Fellow-Citizens, at Galena, Illinois. Washington, D.C., August 5, 1852. Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library, Springfield, Ill.
Smith, Gerrit. Substance of Speech Made by Gerrit Smith in the Capitol of the State of New York, March 11, 12, 1850. Syracuse, N.Y.: V. W. Smith, 1850. Cornell University.
Smith, Hugh. Address of Hugh Smith of New Mexico to the People of the That Territory. Washington, D.C., 1850. Western Reserve Historical Society.
Soulé, Pierre. Mr. Soulé’s Speech, at Opelousas, Louisiana, Delivered on the 6th of Septembre 1851. New Orleans: J. L. Soullee, 1851. Massachusetts Historical Society.
Spooner, Lysander. A Defense for Fugitive Slaves. Boston: Bela Marsh, 1850. Samuel J. May Collection, Cornell University.
Thurman, John. Address to Constituents. 1850. Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University.
Tucker, Nathaniel Beverley. Prescience: A Speech Delivered by the Hon. Beverley Tucker of Virginia, in the Southern Convention Held at Nashville, TN, April 13, 1850. Richmond, Va., 1862.
Webster, Daniel. Correspondence between Mr. Webster and His New Hampshire Neighbors. Washington, D.C.: Gideon, 1850. Massachusetts Historical Society.
———. Letter from Citizens of Newburyport, Mass. to Daniel Webster, in Relations to His Speech Delivered in the Senate of the United States on the 7th March, 1850. And Mr. Webster’s Reply. Washington, D.C.: Gideon, 1850. Massachusetts Historical Society.
Wellborn, M. J. To the Voters of the Second Congressional District of Georgia. University of Rochester.
Broadsides
The Grand Bill of Abominations. Cornell University.
The Omnibus Bill Condemned and the Ordinance of 1787 Approved in Convention, Columbus. May 6, 1850. University of North Carolina.
Resolutions Adopted at the “Union Meeting” in Manchester, November 20, 1850. University of North Carolina.
Secondary Literature
Books
Allgor, Catherine. Parlor Politics, In Which the Ladies of Washington Help Build a City and a Government. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 2000.
Anderson, Benedict. Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism. London: Verso, 1983.
Ashworth, John. Slavery, Capitalism, and Politics in the Antebellum Republic, vol. 1, Commerce and Compromise, 1820–1850. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1995.
———. Slavery, Capitalism, and Politics in the Antebellum Republic, vol. 2, The Coming of the Civil War, 1850–1861. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Ayers, Edward L. What Caused the Civil War? Reflections on the South and Southern History. New York: Norton, 2005.
Baker, Jean Harvey. Affairs of Party: The Political Culture of Northern Democrats in the Mid-Nineteenth Century. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1983.
Baptist, Edward E. The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism. New York: Basic Books, 2014.
Barnett, Tersa. Sacred Relics: Pieces of the Past in Nineteenth-Century America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2013.
Barney, William L. The Road to Secession: A New Perspective on the Old South. New York: Praeger, 1972.
Baxter, Maurice C. One and Inseparable: Daniel Webster and the Union. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1984.
Bensel, Richard. The American Ballot Box in the Mid-Nineteenth Century. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2004.
Bernath, Michael T. Confederate Minds: The Struggle for Intellectual Independence in the Civil War South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2010.
Berwanger, Eugene H. The Frontier against Slavery: Western Anti-Negro Prejudice and the Slavery Extension Controversy. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1971.
Blight, David. Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2001.
Blue, Frederick J. The Free Soilers: Third Party Politics, 1848–1852. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1973.
Bonner, Robert E. Mastering America: Southern Slaveholders and the Crisis of American Nationhood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
Bordewich, Fergus M. America’s Great Debate: Henry Clay, Stephen Douglas, and the Compromise That Preserved the Union. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2012.
Brock, William R. Conflict and Transformation: The United States, 1844–1877. Baltimore: Penguin, 1973.
Brooks, Corey. Liberty Power: Antislavery Third Parties and the Transformation of American Politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2016.
Brown, Thomas. Politics and Statesmanship: Essays on the American Whig Party. New York: Columbia University Press, 1985.
Brugger, Robert J. Beverley Tucker: Heart over Head in the Old South. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1978.
Buehrle, Robert Koch. Thaddeus Stevens’ Attitude toward the Omnibus Bill. Lancaster: 1911.
Burstein, Andrew. Sentimental Democracy: The Evolution of America’s Romantic Self-Image. New York: Hill and Wang, 1999.
Capers, Gerald M. John C. Calhoun: Opportunist. Chicago: Quadrangle, 1969.
———. Stephen A. Douglas: Defender of the Union. Boston: Little, Brown, 1959.
Carey, Anthony Gene. Parties, Slavery, and the Union in Antebellum Georgia. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1997.
Carnes, Mark C., and Clyde Griffen, eds. Meanings for Manhood: Construction of Masculinity in Victorian America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990.
Chambers, William Nisbet. Old Bullion Benton: Senator from the New West. New York: Russell and Russell, 1956.
Childers, Christopher. The Failure of Popular Sovereignty: Slavery, Manifest Destiny, and the Radicalization of Southern Politics. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2012.
Cmiel, Kenneth. Democratic Eloquence: The Fight over Popular Speech in Nineteenth-Century America. New York: William Morrow, 1990.
Coit, Margaret L. John C. Calhoun: American Portrait. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1950.
Cole, Arthur. The Whig Party in the South. Washington, D.C.: American Historical Association, 1914.
Conlin, Michael F. One Nation Divided by Slavery: Remembering the American Revolution While Marching toward the Civil War. Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 2015.
Connerton, Paul. How Societies Remember. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
Cooper, William J., Jr. Jefferson Davis, American. New York: Vintage Books, 2000.
———. Jefferson Davis and the Civil War Era. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2008.
———. The South and the Politics of Slavery, 1828–1856. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press. 1978.
Craven, Avery. The Coming of the Civil War. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1942.
Current, Richard N. Daniel Webster and the Rise of National Conservatism. Boston: Little, Brown, 1955.
———. John C. Calhoun. New York: Washington Square Press, 1963.
Currier, John James. History of Newburyport, Mass., 1764–1905. Newburyport: John James Currier, 1906.
Dalzell, Robert F., Jr. Daniel Webster and Trial of American Nationalism, 1843–1852. New York: Norton, 1972.
Davis, William C. Jefferson Davis: The Man and His Hour. New York: HarperCollins, 1992.
Dean, Adam Wesley. An Agrarian Republic: Farming, Antislavery Politics, and National Parks in the Civil War Era. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015.
Donald, David. Charles Sumner and the Coming of the Civil War. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960.
Douglas, Ann. The Feminization of American Culture. New York: Avon, 1977.
Durham, David. A Southern Moderate in Radical Times: Henry Washington Hillard, 1808–1892. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2008.
Earle, Jonathan. Jacksonian Antislavery and the Politics of Free Soil, 1824–1854. Chapel Hill: North Carolina University Press, 2004.
Elliot, Sam Davis. Isham G. Harris of Tennessee: Confederate Governor and United States Senator. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2010.
Erickson, Paul D. The Poetry of Events: Daniel Webster’s Rhetoric of the Constitution of the United States. New York: New York University Press, 1986.
Ericson, David F. The Debate over Slavery: Antislavery and Proslavery Liberalism in America. New York: New York University Press, 2000.
———. Slavery in the American Republic: Developing the Federal Government, 1791–1861. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 2011.
Eustace, Nicole. Passion Is the Gale: Emotion, Power, and the Coming of the American Revolution. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2008.
Eyal, Yonatan. The Young America Movement and the Transformation of the Democratic Party, 1828–1861. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Faust, Drew Gilpin. The Creation of Confederate Nationalism: Ideology and Identity in the Civil War South. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1988.
———. The Ideology of Slavery: Proslavery Thought in the Antebellum South, 1830–1860. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1981.
Fehrenbacher, Don. The Slaveholding Republic: An Account of the Federal Government’s Relations to Slavery. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001.
Foner, Eric. Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party before the Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970.
Foote, Lorien. The Gentlemen and the Roughs: Violence, Honor, and Manhood in the Union Army. New York: New York University Press, 2010.
Forbes, Robert Pierce. The Missouri Compromise and Its Aftermath: Slavery and the Meaning of America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2007.
Ford, Lacy K. Deliver Us from Evil: The Slavery Question in the Old South. New York: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Formisano, Ronald P. The Birth of Mass Political Parties: Michigan, 1827–1861. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1971.
———. The Transformation of American Political Culture: Massachusetts Parties, 1790s–1840s. New York: Oxford University Press, 1983.
Freehling, William W. The Reintegration of American History: Slavery and the Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press, 1994.
———. The Road to Disunion, vol. 1, Secessionists at Bay, 1776–1854. New York : Oxford University Press, 1990.
———. The Road to Disunion, vol. 2, Secessionists Triumphant, 1854–1861. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Freeman, Joanne. Affairs of Honor: National Politics in the New Republic. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2001.
Gallagher, Gary. The Union War. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2011.
Ganaway, Loomis Morton. New Mexico and the Sectional Controversy, 1846–1860. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 1944.
Genovese, Eugene. The Political Economy of Slavery: Studies in the Economy and Society of the Slave States. New York: Vintage Books, 1965.
———. Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made. New York: Vintage Books, 1976.
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Articles
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Childers, Christopher. “Interpreting Popular Sovereignty: A Historiographic Essay.” Civil War History 57, no. 1 (March 2011): 48–70.
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Griffen, Clyde. “Kentucky’s Linn Boyd and the Dramatic Days of 1850.” Kentucky Historical Society Register 55 (July 1957): 185–95.
———. “Reconstructing Masculinity from the Evangelical Revival to the Waning of Progressivism: A Speculative Synthesis.” In Meanings for Manhood, edited by Mark C. Carnes and Clyde Griffen, 183–204. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990.
Hamilton, Holman. “Texas Bonds and Northern Profits.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review 43, no. 4 (1957): 579–94.
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Hodder, Frank. “The Authorship of the Compromise of 1850.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review 22, no. 4 (March 1936): 525–36.
Hoganson, Kristin. “Garrisonian Abolitionists and the Rhetoric of Gender, 1850–1860.” American Quarterly 45, no. 4 (December 1993): 558–95.
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Maizlish, Stephen E. “The Cholera Panic in Washington and the Compromise of 1850.” Washington History 29, no. 1 (Spring 2017): 55–63.
———. “Rehearsing for the Great Debate of 1850: The Controversy over Seating Father Theobald Mathew on the Floor of the Senate.” Civil War History 64, no. 2 (December 2018): forthcoming.
———. “Salmon P. Chase and the Origins of Reform.” Journal of the Early Republic 18, no. 1 (Spring 1998): 47–70.
Malanson, Jeffery L. “‘If I Had It in His Hand-Writing I Would Burn It’: Federalists and the Authorship Controversy over George Washington’s Farwell Address, 1808–1859.” Journal of the Early Republic 34, no. 2 (Summer 2014): 219–42.
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Onuf, Peter. “Antebellum Southerners and the National Idea.” In The Old South’s Modern Worlds: Slavery, Region, and Nation in the Age of Progress, edited by Diane L. Barnes, Brian Schoen, and Frank Towers, 25–46. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.
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Randall, James G. “The Blundering Generation.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review 27, no. 1 (June 1940): 3–28.
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Rotundo, Anthony. “Learning about Manhood: Gender Ideals and the Middle Class Family in Nineteenth Century America.” In Manliness and Morality, edited by J. A. Mangan and James Walvin, 35–51. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1987.
Rubin, Anne. “Seventy-Six and Sixty-One: Confederates Remember the American Revolution.” In Where These Memories Grow: History, Memory, and Southern Identity, edited by W. Fitzhugh Brundage, 85–105. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2000.
Russel, Robert R. “What Was the Compromise of 1850?” Journal of Southern History 22, no. 3 (August 1956): 292–302.
Sanders, Edith R. “The Hamitic Hypothesis: Its Origins and Functions in Time Perspective.” Journal of African History 10, no. 4 (1969): 521–32.
Sellers, Charles G. “The Travail of Slavery.” In The Southerner as American, edited by Charles G. Sellers, 40–71. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1960.
Shelden, Rachel A. “Messmate’s Union: Friendship, Politics, and Living Arrangements in the Capital City, 1845–1861.” Journal of the Civil War Era 1, no. 4 (December 2011): 453–80.
Silbey, Joel. “John C. Calhoun and the Limits of Southern Congressional Unity, 1841–1850.” The Historian 30, no. 1 (November 1967): 58–71.
———. “‘There Are Other Questions beside That of Slavery Merely’: The Democratic Party and Antislavery Politics.” In Crusades and Compromisers: Essays on the Relationship of the Antislavery Struggle to the Antebellum Party System, edited by Alan M. Kraut, 143–78. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1983.
Smith, Elbert B. “Thomas Hart Benton: Southern Realist.” American Historical Review 58, no. 4 (July 1953): 795–807.
Stampp, Kenneth M. “The Concept of a Perpetual Union.” In The Imperiled Union: Essays on the Background of the Civil War, 3–36. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980.
———. “Southern Road to Appomattox.” In The Imperiled Union: Essays on the Background of the Civil War, 246–69. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980.
Stegmaier, Mark J. “Zachary Taylor versus the South.” Civil War History 33, no. 3 (September 1987): 219–41.
Stewart, James Brewer. “Joshua Giddings, Anti-Slavery Violence, and Congressional Politics of Honor.” In Antislavery Violence: Sectional, Racial, and Cultural Conflict in Antebellum America, edited by John McGivigan and Stanley Harrold, 167–92. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1999.
Tosh, John. “What Should Historians Do with Masculinity? Reflections on Nineteenth Century Britain.” History Workshop Journal 38 (Autumn 1994): 179–202.
Waite, Kevin. “Jefferson Davis and Proslavery Visions of Empire in the Far West.” Journal of the Civil War Era 6, no. 4 (December 2016): 536–65.
Wickberg, Daniel. “Heterosexual White Male: Some Recent Inversions in American Cultural History.” Journal of American History 93, no. 1 (June 2005): 136–57.
———. “What Is the History of Sensibilities? On Cultural Histories, Old and New.” American Historical Review 112, no. 3 (June 2007): 661–684.
Wilson, Major L. “Of Time and the Union: Webster and His Critics in the Crisis of 1850.” Civil War History 14, no. 4 (December 1968): 293–306.
Woods, Michael E. “What Twenty-First-Century Historians Have Said about the Causes of Disunion: A Civil War Sesquicentennial Review of the Recent Literature.” Journal of American History 99, no. 2 (September 2012): 415–39.
Yacavone, Donald. “‘Language of Fraternal Love.’” In Meanings for Manhood, edited by Mark C. Carnes and Clyde Griffen, 85–95. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990.
Zagarri, Rosemarie. “The Family Factor: Congressmen, Turnover, and the Burden of Public Service in the Early American Republic.” Journal of the Early Republic 33, no. 2 (Summer 2013): 283–316.
Zboray, Ronald, and Mary Zboray. “Gender Slurs in Boston’s Partisan Press during the 1840s.” Journal of American Studies 34, no. 3, part 1 (December 2000): 413–46.
Theses and Dissertations
Bearss, Sara Beth. “‘How All Occasions Do Inform’: Henry Clay’s Open Break with Zachary Taylor over the Compromise of 1850.” M.A. thesis, University of Virginia, 1984.
Dierksheide, Christa. “The Amelioration of Slavery in the Anglo-American Imagination, 1780–1840.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Virginia, 2008.
Mueller, Ken S. “Benton and the People: White Nationalism on the Jacksonian Frontier, 1782–1848.” Ph.D. dissertation, Saint Louis University, 2007.
Quinn, John Fitzgerald. “Father Mathew’s Crusade: Temperance in Ireland, 1838–1856.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Notre Dame, 1992.