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Schafer, William. 1974. “Thoughts on Jazz Historiography: ‘Buddy Bolden’s Blues’ vs. ‘Buddy Bottley’s Balloon.’” Journal of Jazz Studies 2, no. 1: 3–14.
———. With assistance from Richard B. Allen. 1977. Brass Bands and New Orleans Jazz. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press.
Schwerin, Jules. 1992. Got to Tell It: Mahalia Jackson, Queen of Gospel. New York: Oxford University Press.
Scott, James C. 1990. Domination and the Arts of Resistance. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Shapiro, Nat, and Nat Hentoff, eds. 1955. Hear Me Talkin’ to Ya: The Story of Jazz as Told by the Men Who Made It. New York: Dover.
Simpson, Erik. 2002. “Playing Lead: Bandleadership in New Orleans, 1900–1925.” Unpublished seminar paper, Duke University.
Small, Christopher. 1998. Musicking: The Meanings of Performing and Listening. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England.
Somers, Dale A. 2000. “Black and White in New Orleans: A Study in Urban Race Relations, 1865–1900.” In The African American Experience in Louisiana, Part B: From the Civil War to Jim Crow, ed. Charles Vincent, 518–36. Lafayette: Center for Louisiana Studies. First published in Journal of Southern History 40 (February 1974): 42.
Souchon, Edmond. 1964. “King Oliver: A Very Personal Memoir.” Repr. in Martin Williams, ed., Jazz Panorama: From the Pages of the Jazz Review, 13–20. New York: Da Capo, 1979.
Stearns, Marshall. 1956. The Story of Jazz. London: Oxford University Press.
Stearns, Marshall, and Jean Stearns. 1994. Jazz Dance: The Story of American Vernacular Dance. New York: Da Capo. (Orig. publ. 1968.)
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———. 2004. Funerals with Music in New Orleans. New Orleans: Save Our Cemetaries, Inc., and Jack Stewart.
Stewart, Rex. 1972. Jazz Masters of the Thirties. New York: Macmillan.
———. 1991. Boy Meets Horn. Ed. Claire P. Gordon. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
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Thompson, Robert Farris. 1966. “An Aesthetic of the Cool: West African Dance.” African Forum 2: 85–102.
———. 1983. Flash of the Spirit: African and Afro-American Art and Philosophy. New York: Random House.
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Archival Sources
References are to interviews unless otherwise noted. For explanation of the abbreviations used in this section, see page 321.
Albert, Don. HJA 1961, May 11.
———. HJA 1967, December 30.
———. HJA 1972a, May 27.
———. HJA 1972b, September 18.
———. HJA 1973, August 6.
———. HJA 1974, June 2.
Allen, Ed. HJA 1961, January 14.
Anderson, Andy. HJA 1960, April 30.
Armstrong, Louis. WRC 1939, January 18 (interview for Jazzmen).
———. LAHA 1949? Tape 495.
———. LAHA 1951a. Tape 202 (interview in Honolulu).
———. LAHA 1951b. Tape 238.
———. LAHA 1953. Tape 96 (dubbing of radio interview).
———. IJS 1954 (Armstrong’s typescript that was used to make Satchmo: My Life in New Orleans).
———. LAHA 1954. Tape 528 (dubbing of radio interview).
———. LAHA 1957. Tape 295.
———. LAHA 1960. Tape 564 (dubbing of interview from July 2, 1960).
———. HJA 1960a, August 2 (interview for WQED Our Heritage).
———. HJA 1960b, August 9 (interview for WQED Our Heritage).
———. HJA 1960c, August 16 (interview for WQED Our Heritage).
———. LAHA 1965, February 20. Tapes 3-8 and 3-9.
———. LAHA 1968, May 6 (letter from Larry Amadee). This fascinating letter has been published by Giddins (1988, 212–23), who discusses the issue of authority. Armstrong has recopied a letter from Amadee and glossed it without indicating the two different voices. I have examined the letter but cannot offer any improvement on Giddins’s good (though speculative) attempt to distinguish Armstrong from Amadee.
———. LAHA 1970a, May 25. Tape 487 (Mike Douglas Show).
———. LAHA 1970b. Tape 426 (letter to Max Jones).
———. WRC 1970 (interview transcribed in mss 506, folder 14).
———. LAHA n.d. Tape 124.
———. LAHA n.d. Tape 336 (interview for This Is NY radio program).
Barbarin, Isidore. HJA 1959, January 7.
Barbarin, Paul. HJA 1957, March 27.
———. HJA 1959, January 7.
Barnes, Emile. HJA 1960a, July 29.
———. HJA 1960b, August 22.
———. HJA 1962, January 3.
Barnes, Emile, with Paul Barnes. HJA 1959, October 1.
Barnes, Harrison. HJA 1959, January 29.
Bechet, Leonard. ALA ca. 1948 (interview with Alan Lomax).
Bechet, Sidney. HJA 1945, November 19 (conversation with John Reid).
———. WRC n.d. (interview for Jazzmen).
Bechet, Sidney, et al. HJA 1944, June (joint interview, Louis Nelson, Manuel Perez, Alphonse Picou, Willie Santiago).
Bertrand, Jimmy. HJA 1959, September 9.
Bigard, Alex. HJA 1961, February 7.
Brunious, John. HJA 1959, May 26.
Cagnolatti, Ernie. HJA 1961, April 5.
Casimer, John. HJA 1959, January 17.
Charles, Hypolite. HJA 1963, April 13.
Charles, Jessie. HJA 1967, December 15.
Christian, Narcisse J. “Buddy.” WRC 1938, mss 519, folder 21 (interview for Jazzmen).
Clayton, Jimmy. HJA 1961, June 23.
Clementin, Ferrand. HJA 1973, August 2.
Cornish, Bella. HJA 1959, January 13.
Dawson, Eddie. HJA 1959, August 11.
———. HJA 1961, June 28.
———. HJA 1962, January 31.
———. HJA 1972, April 5.
Desvigne, Sidney. HJA 1958, August 18.
DeVore, Charlie. HJA 1962, July 4.
Dodds, Johnny. WRC n.d. (interview for Jazzmen, ca. 1938(?); mss 515, folder 15).
Dodds, Warren “Baby.” WRC n.d. Untitled memoir, Manuel Manetta papers mss 516, folder 744.
———. HJA 1958, May 31.
Dominique, Anatie “Natty.” HJA 1958, May 31.
Duhé, Lawrence. HJA 1957, June 9 (with Wellman Braud).
———. HJA 1960 (only date given).
Foster, Abbey “Chinee.” HJA 1960, June 29.
Foster, George “Pops.” WRC 1938, mss 519, folder 13 (interview for Jazzmen).
———. HJA 1961, April 27.
Garland, Ed. WRC 1958, August 16.
Glass, Henry “Booker T.” HJA 1962, March 22.
Glenny, Albert. ALA ca. 1948 (interview with Alan Lomax, Leonard Bechet joining).
Hamilton, Charlie. HJA 1965, March 21.
Hardin, Lillian. WRC 1938 (interview for Jazzmen).
———. HJA 1959.
———. LAHA 1971? Tape 3-1 (dubbing from older audio clips, including an interview with Lil Hardin).
Henry, Charles “Sunny.” HJA 1959, January 8.
———. HJA 1959, October 21.
Henry, Oscar “Chicken.” HJA 1959, July 11.
Hightower, Willie. HJA 1958, June 3.
Humphrey, Earl. HJA 1963, March 28.
Jackson, Preston. WRC 1938 (interview for Jazzmen).
———. HJA 1958, June 2.
James, Louis. HJA 1959, May 25.
Johnson, Victoria Davis. WRC 1938, mss 519, folder 20 (interview for Jazzmen).
Johnson, William Manuel “Bill.” WRC 1938, mss 519, folder 28 (interview for Jazzmen).
Jones, Louis. HJA 1959, January 19.
Jones, Richard M. WRC 1938, mss 519, folder 29 (interview for Jazzmen).
Joseph, John “Papa John.” HJA 1958, November 26.
Keppard, Louis. HJA 1957, August 4.
———. HJA 1961, January 19.
Lala, Johnny. HJA 1958, September 24.
Laurent, August. HJA 1960, March 21.
Lawrence, Marshall. HJA 1960, June 28.
Lindsay, Joe. WRC n.d. (interview for Jazzmen).
Loyacano, Arnold. HJA 1956, September 29.
Manetta, Manuel. WRC 1957–1970, mss 516, folders 648–738.
Mares, Paul, WRC n.d. (notes taken from Jazzmen, folder 31).
Marrero, Lawrence. HJA 1959, January 2.
Matthews, Bill. HJA 1959, March 10.
Miller, Ernest “Punch.” HJA 1959a, August 20.
———. HJA 1959b, September 25.
———. HJA 1960a, April 4.
———. HJA 1960b, August 23.
Miller, Sing. HJA 1964, December 11.
Mitchell, George. HJA 1959, July 1.
Morand, Herb. HJA 1950, March 12.
Morton, Ferdinand “Jelly Roll.” LC ca. 1938 (transcription of interviews conducted at the Library of Congress; circulating photocopy with no transcriber named).
Nelson, Louis. HJA 1960, April 18.
Nicholas, Albert. HJA 1972, June 26.
Noone, Jimmie. WRC 1938 (interview for Jazzmen).
Oliver, Stella. HJA 1959, April 22.
Ory, Edward “Kid.” HJA 1957, April 20.
Palmer, Roy. HJA 1955, September 22.
Parker, Willie. HJA 1960, March 29.
Penn, Sammy. HJA 1960, April 21.
Perez, Manuel. WRC 1938, mss 519, folder 34 (interview for Jazzmen).
Picou, Alphonse. HJA 1958, April 4.
Piron, Armond J. WRC 1938, mss 519, folder 35 (interview for Jazzmen).
Rena, Henry “Kid.” WRC 1938, mss 519, folder 36 (interview for Jazzmen).
René, Joseph. HJA 1960, April 7.
Ridgley, William “Bebé.” HJA 1959, June 2.
———. HJA 1961, April 11.
Robichaux, Joe. HJA 1959, March 19.
St. Cyr, Johnny. ALA ca. 1948 (interview with Alan Lomax).
———. HJA 1958, August 27.
Shoffner, Bob. HJA 1959, September 8.
Singleton, Arthur “Zutty.” WRC 1938, mss 519, folder 37 (interview for Jazzmen).
Souchon, Edmond. HJA 1958, May 7.
———. LSM n.d. Typed memoir, Louisiana State Museum. Partly published as Souchon 1964.
Stevenson, Burke. HJA 1959, June 12.
Summers, Eddie. HJA 1960, September 16.
Valentine, Thomas “Kid Thomas.” HJA 1957, March 22.
———. HJA 1959, November 8.
Vigne, Arthur. HJA 1961, November 29.
Walters, Albert. HJA 1959, January 5.
Wiggs, Johnny. HJA 1962, August 26.
Williams, Clarence. WRC 1939, mss 519, folder 17 (interview for Jazzmen).
Williams, George. HJA 1959, March 17.
Wilson, Cassius. HJA 1962, April 5.
Zeno, Alice. HJA 1958, November 14.