Notes

INTRODUCTION

1. Gary M. Jackson, Predicting Malicious Behavior: Tools and Techniques for Ensuring Global Security, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2012.

CHAPTER 1

1. Bob Frost, “Ten Misquotations and Misattributions from History,” HistoryAccess.com, 2010. http://www.historyaccess.com/tenmisquotationa.html

2. Azmat Khan, “The Magazine That ‘Inspired’ the Boston Bombers,” PBS, Front-line, April 30, 2013. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/the-magazine-that-inspired-the-boston-bombers

3. Elizabeth Walsh, Alec Buchanan, and Thomas Fahy, “Violence and Schizophrenia: Examining the Evidence,” British Journal of Psychiatry, June 2002, 180 (6): 490–95. http://bjp.rcpsych.org/content/180/6/490

4. Steve Almasy, “In Notebook Read to Jury, James Holmes Wrote of ‘Obsession,’ ” CNN, May 27, 2015. http://www.cnn.com/2015/05/26/us/james-holmes-trial-notebook/index.html

CHAPTER 2

1. Steven Bucci, James Carafano, and Jessica Zuckerman, “60 Terrorist Plots Since 9/11: Continued Lessons in Domestic Counterterrorism,” Heritage Foundation, 2013. http://www.heritage.org/terrorism/report/60-terrorist-plots-911-continued-lessons-domestic-counterterrorism

2. Zachary Cohen, “DHS Chief: Terror Risk as High as on 9/11,” CNN Politics, April 18, 2017. http://www.cnn.com/2017/04/18/politics/john-kelly-dhs-terrorism-isis-threat/index.html

3. “If You See Something, Say Something,” Department of Homeland Security. https://www.dhs.gov/see-something-say-something

4. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/anomaly

5. Carol Kuruvilla and Vera Chinese, “Families of Newtown Victims Say Adam Lanza’s Mom Shares Blame for Raising a Murderer,” New York Daily News, November 29, 2013. http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/newtown-families-blame-adam-lanza-mom-raising-murderer-article-1.1531903

6. Richard Fausset and Serge Kovaleski, “Nikolas Cruz, Florida Shooting Suspect, Showed ‘Every Red Flag,’ ” New York Times, February 15, 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/15/us/nikolas-cruz-florida-shooting.html

7. Patrick Sauer, “The Story of the First Mass Murder in U.S. History,” Smithsonian.com, October 14, 2015. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/story-first-mass-murder-us-history-180956927/

8. Jeff Wallenfeldt, “Texas Tower Shooting of 1966,” Encyclopædia Britannica, 2017. https://www.britiannica.com/event/Tesax-Tower-shooting-of-1966

9. Luis Martinez, Matthew Mosk, and Karen Travers, “Fort Hood Shooting Report: Warning Signs Were ‘Missed’ and ‘Ignored,’ ” ABC News, January 15, 2010. http://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/fort-hood-warning-signs-missed/story?id=9572844

10. Ray Sanchez and Ben Brumfield, “Fort Hood Shooter Was Iraq Vet Being Treated for Mental Health Issues,” CNN, April 2, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2014/04/02/us/fort-hood-shooter-profile/index.html

11. Dan Frosch and Kirk Johnson, “Gunman Kills 12 in Colorado, Reviving Gun Debate,” New York Times, July 20, 2012. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/21/us/shooting-at-colorado-theater-showing-batman-movie.html

12. Ray Sanchez and Laura Smith-Spark, “Who Is the Charleston Church Shooting Suspect?,” CNN, June 18, 2015. www.cnn.com/2015/06/18/us/charleston-church-shooting-suspect

13. Timothy M. Phelps, “Dylann Roof Tried to Kill Himself during Attack, Victim’s Son Says,” Los Angeles Times, June 20, 2015. www.latimes.com/nation/nationnow/la-na-dylann-roof-suicide-attempt-20150620-story.html

14. Gal Tziperman Lotan, Charles Minshew, Mike Lafferty, and Andrew Gibson, “Orlando Nightclub Shooting Timeline: Four Hours of Terror Unfold,” Orlando Sentinel, May 31, 2017. http://wwworlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-orlando-pulse-nightclub-shooting-timeline-htmlstory.html

15. Krishnadev Calamur, Marina Koren, and Matt Ford, “A Day after the San Bernardino Shooting,” The Atlantic, December 3, 2015. https://www.theatlantic.com/national/archive/2015/12/a-shooter-in-san-bernardino/418497/

16. Chris Keller, “San Bernardino Shooting Update: Rifles Used in Attack Were Modified to Be Illegal,” December 4, 2015. http://www.scpr.org/news/2015/12/04/56040/san-bernardino-shooting-update-rifles-used-in-atta/

17. Greg Ellifritz, “Recognizing the Sound of Gunfire,” Active Response Training, 2017. www.activeresponsetraining.net. Greg Ellifritz posts several articles on this site that are relevant to the topic.

18. “Mandalay Bay Attack: At Least 59 Killed in Deadliest US Shooting,” Guardian, October 17, 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2017/oct/02/las-vegas-active-shooter-harvest-country-music-festival

19. “Oklahoma City Bombing,” History.com, 2009. http://www.history.com/topics/oklahoma-city-bombing

20. Mary Beth Sheridan, Doug Struck, and Marc Fisher, “Boston Marathon Bomb Blasts Kill at Least Three, Leave Scores Injured,” Washington Post, April 15, 2013. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/boston-marathon-bomb-blasts-kill-at-least-three-leave-scores-injured/2013/04/15/5b2b5d8a-a607-11e2-b029-8fb7e977ef71_story.html?utm_term=.59dc24554a9f

21. Peter Martinez, “TSA Issues Security Warning about Vehicle-Ramming Threat,” CBS News, May 4, 2017. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/tsa-issues-security-warning-vehicle-ramming-threat/

22. Angela Dewan, Jason Hanna, and Euan McKirdy, “Attack in Nice: Truck Driver Identified as 31-Year-Old Tunisia Native,” CNN, July 16, 2016. http://www.cnn.com/2016/07/15/europe/nice-france-truck/index.html

23. Holly Yan, “Vehicles as Weapons: Melbourne Part of a Deadly Trend,” CNN, December 21, 2017. http://www.cnn.com/2017/03/22/world/vehicles-as-weapons/index.html

24. Tina Moore, Larry Celona, and Danika Fears, “8 Killed as Truck Plows into Pedestrians in Downtown NYC Terror Attack,” New York Post, October 31, 2017. https://nypost.com/2017/10/31/8-killed-truck-pedestrians-downtown-nyc-terror-attack

25. “Japan Is Normally So Safe That Today’s Knife Attack Was the Worst Mass Assault since WWII,” Quartz Media, July 26, 2016. https://qz.com/741981/japan-is-normally-so-safe-that-todays-knife-attack-was-the-worst-mass-assault-since-wwii/

26. Stephen Rex Brown, “Man Who Went on Mass Stabbing in Japan Was Released from Mental Hospital Months before Attack,” New York Daily News, July 27, 2016. http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/japan-killer-released-mental-hospital-stabbing-article-1.2728788

27. Pamela Engel, “ISIS and Al Qaeda Have Specifically Called for the Type of Attack That Just Happened in London,” Business Insider: Politics, November 1, 2017. http://www.businessinsider.com/isis-AlQaeda-london-attack

CHAPTER 3

1. Mike Wood, “Why ‘Run, Hide, Fight’ Is Flawed,” PoliceOne.com, June 15, 2016. https://www.policeone.com/active-shooter/articles/190621006-Why-Run-Hide-Fight-is-flawed/

2. City of Houston, “Run. Hide. Fight,” July 23, 2012. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5VcSwejU2D0

3. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/escape

4. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fight

5. Keith Somerville, “Mystery Remains over CIA Deaths,” BBC News, November 15, 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/2416677.stm

6. Michelle Castillo, “Colo. Shooter Purchased Guns Legally from 3 Different Stores,” CBS News, July 20, 2012. http://www.cbsnews.com/news/colo-shooter-purchased-guns-legally-from-3-different-stores

7. Gal Tziperman Lotan, Charles Minshew, Mike Lafferty, and Andrew Gibson, “Orlando Mass Shooting: Timeline of Events,” Orlando Sentinel, May 31, 2017. http://www.orlandosentinel.com/news/pulse-orlando-nightclub-shooting/os-orland0-pulse-nightclub-shooting-timeline-htmlstory.html

8. “IED Attack: Improvised Explosive Devices,” Department of Homeland Security, News and Terrorism: Communicating in a Crisis. https://www.dhs.gov/xlibrary/assets/prep_ied_fact_sheet.pdf

9. CNN Library, “1993 World Trade Center Bombing Fast Facts,” CNN, last updated February 21, 2017. http://www.cnn.com/2013/11/05/us/1993-world-trade-center-bombing-fast-facts/index.html

10. Sara Morrison and Ellen O’Leary, “Timeline of Boston Marathon Bombing Events,” Boston.com/News, January 5, 2015. https://www.boston.com/news/local-news/2015/01/05/timeline-of-boston-marathon-bombing-events

11. Annette Witheridge, Rachel Quigley, Lydia Warren, and Louise Boyle, “Grisly New Evidence Photographs Show the Shrapnel That Was Blasted towards Boston Marathon Victims by Deadly Pressure Cooker Bomb,” Daily Mail (UK), April18, 2013. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2310768/Boston-bombings-2013-photos-shrapnel-blasted-deadly-pressure-cooker-bomb.html

12. CNN Library, “Terrorist Attacks by Vehicle Fast Facts,” CNN, last updated June 22, 2017. http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/03/world/terrorist-attacks-by-vehicle-fast-facts/index.html

13. Tom Winter, Corky Siemaszko, Phil Helsel, and Jonathon Dienst, “New York Terrorist Attack: Truck Driver Kills Eight in Lower Manhattan,” NBC News, November 1, 2017. https://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/nyc-terrorist-attack/least-one-person-dead-incident-lower-manhattan-n816166

14. “Traffic Safety Facts: 2014 Data,” U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, May 2016. https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812270

15. CNN Library, “September 11, 2001: Background and Timeline of the Attacks,” CNN, August 24, 2017. http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/27/us/september-11-anniversary-fast-facts/index.html

16. Kenneth Pletcher, “Tokyo Subway Attack of 1995,” Encyclopædia Britannica, November 2, 2014. https://www.britannica.com/event/Tokyo-subway-attack-of-1995

17. Terry Macalister and Richard Halpin, “Radioactive Materials Lost in More Than 30 Incidents over Past Decade,” Guardian, May 5, 2013. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2013/may/05/radioactive-materials-lost-30-incidents

18. “Truck Carrying Radioactive Material Stolen in Mexico, 9 States on High Alert,” Fox News World, April 25, 2017. http://www.foxnews.com/world/2017/04/25/truck-carrying-radioactive-material-stolen-in-mexico-9-states-on-high-alert.html

CHAPTER 4

1. “Former Marine Helps Dozens Escape Orlando Nightclub Attack,” CBS This Morning video, June 14, 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OjHhXRj9D6M

2. Alex Harris, “911 Heard Pain and Panic from Those Hiding inside Pulse Nightclub during Massacre,” Miami Herald, updated November 20, 2016. http://www.miamiherald.com/news/state/florida/article116038018.html

3. Ben Brumfield, “Connecticut Teachers Were Heroes in the Face of Death,” CNN, December 18, 2012. http://www.cnn.com/2012/12/17/us/connecticut-shooting-teacher-heroism/index.html

4. Corky Siemaszko and Miguel Almaguer, “ ‘Why Won’t He Stop Shooting?’ San Bernardino Terror Attack Survivors Speak,” NBC News, December 7, 2015. http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/san-bernardino-shooting/san-bernardino-shooting-survivors-speak-n475756

5. Rong-Gong Lin II and Rubaina Azhar, “Man Planned Christmas Attack on San Francisco’s Pier 39, Was Inspired by Islamic State, FBI Says,” Los Angeles Times, December 22, 2017. http://www.latimes.com/local/lanow/la-me-terror-attack-plot-san-francisco-20171222-story.html

6. Al Abidin, “5 Ways to Survive Edged Weapon Threats: Know How to Effectively Respond to an Unexpected Knife Attack,” Police: The Law Enforcement Magazine, March 18, 2010. http://www.policemag.com/channel/weapons/articles/2010/03/5-ways-to-survive-edged-weapon-threats.aspx

7. CNN Library, “Terrorist Attacks by Vehicle Fast Facts,” CNN, updated November 6, 2017. http://www.cnn.com/2017/05/03/world/terrorist-attacks-by-vehicle-fast-facts/index.html

8. “Traffic Safety Facts: 2015 Data,” U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, February 2017. Report No. DOT HS 812 375. https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812375

9. Joe Ruiz and Doreen McCallister, “Events Surrounding White Nationalist Rally in Virginia Turn Fatal,” NPR, August 12, 2017. http://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/08/12/542982015/home-to-university-of-virginia-prepares-for-violence-at-white-nationalist-rally

CHAPTER 5

1. “The Off-Duty Cop Who Tried to Take Down Pulse Nightclub Killer: Bodycam Pictures Reveal First Desperate Minutes of Massacre,” Associated Press, April 14, 2017.

2. Sanchez, R., “Connecticut School Shooting: Six-Year-Old Stayed Alive by Playing Dead,” Telegraph, December 17, 2012 http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/9750471/Connecticut-school-shooting-six-year-old-stayed-alive-by-playing-dead.html

3. “Report of the State’s Attorney for the Judicial District of Danbury on the Shootings at Sandy Hook Elementary School and 36 Yogananda Street, Newtown, Connecticut on December 14, 2012,” Office of the State’s Attorney, Judicial District of Danbury, November 2013. http://health-equity.lib.umd.edu/4223/

4. David Kohn, “What Really Happened at Columbine,” CBS, April 17, 2001 https://www.cbsnews.com/news/what-really-happened-at-columbine

5. “Oklahoma City Bombing,” History.com, 2009, accessed March 8, 2018. http://www.history.com/topics/oklahoma-city-bombing

6. CNN Library, “Boston Marathon Terror Attack Fast Facts,” CNN, updated March 29, 2017. http://www.cnn.com/2013/06/03/us/boston-marathon-terror-attack-fast-facts

7. “Crossroads Mall Stabbing Timeline,” Star Tribune, October 6, 2016. http://www.startribune.com/crossroads-mall-stabbing-timeline/396224681

CHAPTER 6

1. “Survey on Gun ownership,” Crime Prevention Research Center, 2017. https://crimeresearch.org/tag/survey-on-gun-ownership

2. http://www.handgunlaw.us/

3. USA Carry Staff, “Concealed Carry Permit Reciprocity Maps,” USA Carry, National Concealed, July 11, 2017. https://www.usacarry.com/concealed_carry_permit_reciprocity_maps.html

4. Thomas C. Frohlich and Samuel Stebbins, “12 States Where Anyone Can Carry a Concealed Weapon,” July 18, 2017. http://247wallst.com/special-report/2017/07/18/12-states-where-anyone-can-carry-a-concealed-weapon/2

5. Katherine A. Fowler, Linda L. Dahlberg, Tadesse Haileyesus, Carmen Gutierrez, and Sarah Bacon, “Childhood Firearm Injuries in the United States,” Pediatrics, June 2017. http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/early/2017/06/15/peds.2016-3486

6. R. A. Band, D. N. Salhi, D. N. Holena, E. Powell, C. C. Branas, and B. G. Carr, “Severity-Adjusted Mortality in Trauma Patients Transported by Police,” Annals of Emergency Medicine, June 2017. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/01/140102112039.htm

7. https://thefiringline.com/library/blades/knifelaws.html

8. https://www.akti.org/state-knife-laws

9. “Best Personal Protection Devices for Women,” ExpertSecurityTips.com, 2018. http://www.expertsecuritytips.com/best-personal-protection-devices-for-women/

10. Kyle Lemmon, “Self Defense: What to Carry If You Don’t Want to Carry a Gun,” ASecureLife.com, updated April 11, 2017. https://www.asecurelife.com/self-defense-without-a-gun/

11. “What Is Pepper Spray?” Pepper Spray Store, 2017. https://www.pepper-spray-store.com/pages/whatis

12. “The ‘Taser’ Is a Serious Weapon, but What the Name Stands for May Puzzle You,” Dictionary.com: Everything after Z, 2017. http://www.dictionary.com/e/taser

13. “How to Use a Stun Gun,” Total Armor: Stun Gun Defense Products, 2018. https://www.stun-gun-defense-products.com/buy-stun-gun/How-to-Use-a-Stun-Gun.html

14. “6 Safe Ways to Use a Taser,” TBO Tech: Self Defense Products, 2017. http://www.tbotech.com/blog/6-safe-ways-to-use-a-taser

CHAPTER 7

1. Sheena McKenzie, “Chilling Video Shows Paris Attacker Trying to Shoot Woman, Gun Doesn’t Fire,” CNN, November 19, 2015. http://www.cnn.com/2015/11/19/world/paris-attacks-cctv-footage-woman-gunman-daily-mail/index.html

2. http://learnersdictionary.com/definition/luck

3. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/chance

4. Cassi Alexandra and Jeff Costello, “Pulse Nightclub Attack Survivors a Year Later: ‘I Might Still Be in Shock,’ ” ABC News, June 12, 2017. http://abcnews.go.com/US/pulse-nightclub-attack-survivors-year-shock/story?id=47870249

5. Matt Rogers, “VT Tragedy: A Survivor Tells His Story,” Christian Broadcasting Network (permission by Zondervan), 2008. http://www.cbn.com/books/vt-tragedy%3A-a-survivor-tells-his-story

6. Alex Johnson, Pete Williams, Chris Jansing, and Alison Stewart, “Worst U.S. Shooting Ever Kills 33 on VA. Campus,” MSNBC.com and NBC News, updated April 17, 2007. http://www.nbcnews.com/id/18134671/ns/us_news-crime_and_courts/t/worst-us-shooting-ever-kills-va-campus/#.WdJT4a1e63A

7. Frederic D. Schwarz, “1922: The Herrin Massacre,” American Heritage, May/June 1997. http://www.americanheritage.com/content/1922-herrin-massacre

8. Erin Harris, “On This Day: 21 Killed in McDonald’s Massacre,” Finding Dulcinea: Librarian of the Internet, July 18, 2011. http://www.findingdulcinea.com/news/on-this-day/July-August-08/On-this-Day--21-Die-in-McDonalds-s-Massacre.html

CHAPTER 8

1. Amanda Lenhart, chapter 2 of “Teens, Technology, and Friendships: How Teens Hang Out and Stay in Touch with Their Closest Friends,” Pew Research Center, August, 6, 2015. http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/08/06/chapter-2-how-teens-hang-out-and-stay-in-touch-with-their-closest-friends/

2. Marc J. Tassé, “Defining Intellectual Disability: Finally We All Agree... Almost,” American Psychological Association, September, 2016. http://www.apa.org/pi/disability/resources/publications/newsletter/2016/09/intellectual-disability.aspx

3. “Health Statistics,” Department of Health and Human Services, NIH, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, August, 2017. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-statistics/overweight-obesity

4. Saeed Ahmed, Doug Criss, and Joe Sterling, “ ‘Hero’ Exchanged Fire with Gunman, Then Helped Chase Him Down,” CNN, November 7, 2017. http://www.wral.com/resident-confronted-texas-church-shooter-and-chased-him/17093805/

5. Pete Williams, Tom Winter, Andrew Blankstein, and Tracy Connor, “Suspect Identified in Ohio State Attack as Abdul Razak Ali Artan,” NBC News, November 26, 2018. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/suspect-dead-after-ohio-state-university-car-knife-attack-n689076

CHAPTER 9

1. Shimon Prokupecz, Eric Levenson, Brynn Gingras, and Steve Almasy, “Note Found Near Truck Claims Manhattan Attack Done for ISIS, Source Says,” CNN, updated November 6, 2017. http://www.cnn.com/2017/10/31/us/new-york-shots-fired/index.html

2. Jane J. Lee, “7 Other Sports-Related Attacks,” National Geographic, April 16, 2013. https://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/03/130415-sports-marathon-olympics-bombers-culture/

3. Patrick McGee, Manny Fernandez, and Jonah Engel Bromwich, “Snipers Kill 5 Dallas Officers at Protest against Police Shootings,” New York Times, July 7, 2016. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/07/08/us/dallas-police-officers-killed.html

4. “Deadly Car Attack, Violent Clashes in Charlottesville: What We Know Now,” USA Today, August 13, 2017. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2017/08/13/charlottesville-protests-what-we-know-now/562911001/

5. “LAX Shooting Kills TSA Officer, Wounds Others,” CBS News, November 1, 2013. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/lax-shooting-kills-tsa-officer-wounds-others

6. Clay Biles, Unsecure Skies, Amazon Digital Services, July 15, 2014. https://www.amazon.com/Unsecure-Skies-Clay-Biles-ebook/dp/B00LUSK62I

7. “Army Major Kills 13 People in Fort Hood Shooting Spree,” History.com, November 5, 2011. http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/army-major-kills-13-people-in-fort-hood-shooting-spree

8. Dan Lamothe, “Army Details the Strange, Downward Spiral of Fort Hood Shooter Ivan Lopez,” Washington Post, January 23, 2015. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2015/01/23/army-details-the-downward-spiral-of-the-fort-hood-shooter-ivan-lopez/?utm_term=.f540322ba3d1

9. “US School Violence Fast Facts,” CNN, updated September 17, 2017. http://www.cnn.com/2013/09/19/us/u-s-school-violence-fast-facts/index.html

10. Melinda Liu, “Not Just Sandy Hook: China’s Terrifying Knife Attacks,” Daily Beast, December 12, 2012. https://www.thedailybeast.com/not-just-sandy-hook-chinas-terrifying-knife-attacks

11. Jimmy Kilpatrick, “Should First Aid and CPR Be Taught in Schools?,” Education Views, November 2016. http://www.educationviews.org/aid-cpr-taught-schools.

CHAPTER 10

1. Ranna Parekh, “What Is Posttraumatic Stress Disorder?” American Psychiatric Association, January 2017. https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/ptsd/what-is-ptsd

2. Jessica Hamblen and Laurie B. Slone, “Research Findings on the Traumatic Stress Effects of Terrorism,” U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, National Center for PTSD, updated February 23, 2016. https://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/trauma/disaster-terrorism/research-findings-traumatic-stress-terrorism.asp

3. Jessica Hamblen, “Terrorist Attacks and Children,” U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, National Center for PTSD, updated February 23, 2016. https://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/trauma/disaster-terrorism/terrorist_attacks_and_children.asp

4. “PTSD and DSM-5,” U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, National Center for PTSD, updated February 21, 2017. https://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/ptsd-overview/dsm5_criteria_ptsd.asp

5. “Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): Self-Management,” Mayo Clinic, February 18, 2017. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder/manage/ptc-20308566

6. Jay M. Pomerantz, “Can Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Be Prevented?” Psychiatric Times, April 1, 2006. http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/ptsd/can-posttraumatic-stress-disorder-be-prevented

7. Deborah A. O’Donnell, Mary E. Schwab-Stone, and Adaline Z. Muyeed, “Multidimensional Resilience in Urban Children Exposed to Community Violence,” National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 73(4):1265–82, July/August 2002. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12146747

8. “Talk to Someone Now,” Suicide Prevention Lifeline, 2018. https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/talk-to-someone-now/

9. Nikhil Kumar, “Boston Marathon Bombing: How Critically Injured Jeff Bauman’s Memory of ‘Man in the Cap’ Gave FBI Vital Clue,” Independent, April 20, 2013. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/boston-marathon-bombing-how-critically-injured-jeff-baumans-memory-of-man-in-the-cap-gave-fbi-vital-8580950.html

10. Jeff Bauman with Bret Witter, Stronger, New York: Grand Central Publishing, 2014. https://www.hachettebookgroup.biz/titles/jeff-bauman/stronger/9781478920397/

11. Michael Pearson, Greg Botelho, and Pamela Brown, “Navy Yard’s Gunman Psychological Issues, Motive Focuses after Shooting,” CNN, updated September 17, 2013. http://www.cnn.com/2013/09/17/us/navy-yard-shooting-main/index.html

12. DeNeen L. Brown, “ ‘I’m a Warrior and a Survivor,’ ” Washington Post, September 6, 2014. http://www.washingtonpost.com/sf/local/2014/09/06/im-a-warrior-and-a-survivor/?utm_term=.70207c6c93a7

13. María Paz García-Vera, Jesús Sanz, and Sara Gutiérrez, “A Systematic Review of the Literature on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Victims of Terrorist Attacks,” Psychological Reports, Sage Journals, July 7, 2016. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27388691

CHAPTER 11

1. “FBI Knew Al Qaeda Pilots Training in U.S.,” Washington Post, March 7, 2006. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/03/07/AR2006030700216.html

2. Phillip Shenon, “Traces of Terrorism: The Warnings; F.B.I. Knew for Years about Terror Pilot Training,” New York Times, May 18, 2003. http://www.nytimes.com/2002/05/18/us/traces-of-terrorism-the-warnings-fbi-knew-for-years-about-terror-pilot-training.html

3. Dan Collins, “FBI Was Warned about Flight Schools,” CBS News, May 15, 2002. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/fbi-was-warned-about-flight-schools

4. Ann O’Neill and Sara Weisfeldt, “Psychiatrist: Holmes Thought 3–4 Times a Day about Killing,” CNN, June 17, 2015. http://www.cnn.com/2015/06/16/us/james-holmes-theater-shooting-fenton/index.html

5. David Shortell, “Report Finds Missed Chances to Help Newtown Shooter Adam Lanza,” CNN, November 23, 2014. http://www.cnn.com/2014/11/21/justice/newtown-shooter-adam-lanza-report/index.html

6. Gary M. Jackson, “Predicting Malicious Behavior: Tools and Techniques for Ensuring Global Security,” Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2012. http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-1118166132.html

7. Barbara Demick, “New York Attack Suspect’s Family Was ‘Very Mysterious,’ Neighbor Says,” Los Angeles Times, November 1, 2017. http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-new-york-sayfullo-saipov-profile-20171101-htmlstory.html

CHAPTER 12

1. Steven Bucci, James Carafano, and Jessica Zuckerman, “60 Terrorist Plots Since 9/11: Continued Lessons in Domestic Counterterrorism,” Heritage Foundation, July 22, 2013. http://www.heritage.org/terrorism/report/60-terrorist-plots-911-continued-lessons-domestic-counterterrorism

2. Hanson O’Haver, “How ‘If You See Something, Say Something’ Became Our National Motto,” Washington Post, September 23, 2016. https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2016/09/23/how-if-you-see-something-say-something-became-our-national-motto/?utm_term=.23d6c86cab93

3. “If You See Something, Say Something,” Department of Homeland Security, December 2017. https://www.dhs.gov/see-something-say-something/what-suspicious-activity

4. U.S. Dept of Justice, “Texas Resident Arrested on Charge of Attempted Use of Weapon of Mass Destruction,” The FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation, February 24, 2011. https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/dallas/press-releases/2011/dl022411.htm

5. “Umar Farouk Abdulmutallab Sentenced to Life in Prison for Attempted Bombing of Flight 253 on Christmas Day 2009,” Department of Justice, February 16, 2012. https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/umar-farouk-abdulmutallab-sentenced-life-prison-attempted-bombing-flight-253-christmas-day

6. “Terrorist CBRN: Materials and Effects,” CIA.gov/library, updated June 19, 2013. https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/terrorist_cbrn/terrorist_CBRN.htm#04

7. “Nerve Gas Attack on Tokyo Subway,” History.com: This Day in History, 2010. http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/nerve-gas-attack-on-tokyo-subway

8. “Emergency Preparedness and Response,” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, last updated August 17, 2017. https://emergency.cdc.gov/bioterrorism

9. “FBI Concludes Investigation into 2001 Anthrax Mailings,” CNN, February 19, 2010. http://www.cnn.com/2010/CRIME/02/19/fbi.anthrax.report/index.html

10. Andy Sharp, “North Korea Begins Tests to Load Anthrax Onto ICBMs, Report Says,” Bloomberg: Politics, December 19, 2017. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-12-20/north-korea-begins-tests-to-load-anthrax-onto-icbms-asahi-says

11. “What Is Anthrax,” Emergent BioSolutions, December 2017. http://www.biothrax.com/

12. “Ricin Poisoning,” MedicineNet, reviewed February 14, 2017. https://www.medicinenet.com/ricin/article.htm

13. “Kinds of Botulism,” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, updated June 9, 2017. https://www.cdc.gov/botulism/definition.html

14. “Radiation Sickness,” Mayo Clinic, 2017. https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/terrorist_cbrn/terrorist_CBRN.htm#04

15. Joby Warrick, “Use of Weaponized Drones by ISIS Spurs Terrorism Fears,” Washington Post, February 21, 2017. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/use-of-weaponized-drones-by-isis-spurs-terrorism-fears/2017/02/21/9d83d51e-f382–11e6–8d72–263470bf0401_story.html?utm_term=.0bd662f0cf94

16. https://travel.state.gov/content/travel