1.  Winrod “Prayer Circle” letter, November 20, 1941, box 1A, folder 42, Gerald B. Winrod Papers.

  2.  Gellerman, 230.

  3.  Reports filed by Dies Committee investigators, 1938, Gerald B. Winrod file, John C. Metcalfe Papers.

  4. New York Times, “Fifth Columnists Active in America,” September 1, 1940, BR5.

  5. Cf. Tull, 213.

  6.  Rogge, 306.

  7.  Bennett, 281; Tull, 211.

  8.  “Coughlin Questions Democracy’s Value: Priest Asks Whether It Might Be Worse Than Dictatorship,” New York Times, January 8, 1940, 3.

  9.  “18 Seized in Plot to Overthrow U.S.; Arms Found Here: Some of the Prisoners and Weapons in Plot Disclosed by G-men,” New York Times, January 15, 1940, 1.

  10.  “The Menace of the Christian Front,” March 1940 speech, p. 9, folder 19, box 40, Joseph Hansen Papers, Hoover Institution.

  11.  “Coughlin Condemns Group: Expresses Hope for Conviction of Men Seized Here,” New York Times, January 15, 1940, 3.

  12.  “‘Front’ Once Hailed by Father Coughlin,” New York Times, January 17, 1940, 14.

  13.  “Attacks Involved Those on Both Sides of the Iron Curtain,” Los Angeles Times, March 30, 1981, 34.

  14.  “Attorney General Sends Ace Aide Here to Assist Kennedy in Case,” Brooklyn Eagle, January 22, 1940, 1.

  15.  Cf. Tull, 220.

  16.  “Wider Conspiracy Probe Promised,” Ithaca Journal, January 22, 1940, 9.

  17.  Warren, 194.

  18.  Warren, 195–96; Tull, 223.

  19.  Warren, 218–19.

  20.  Warren, 222–25.

  21.  Tull, 230.

  22.  Winrod “Prayer Circle” letter, February 24, 1942, box 1A, folder 48, Gerald B. Winrod Papers.

  23.  Tull, 233.

  24.  Tull, 234–35; Warren, 248–49. 259.

  25.  Warren, 265–69.

  26. New York Times, “Dethridge Post in Defense Studied,” February 22, 1942, 22.

  27. New York Times, “28 Are Indicted on Sedition Charge,” July 24, 1942, 1; Rogge, 173.

  28.  Jeansonne, 75.

  29.  Jeansonne, 66–67; Report on Smith from Detroit office, May 23, 1942, p. 3, FBI file on Gerald L. K. Smith, pt. 1, FBI Vault.

  30.  Jeansonne, 77–78.

  31.  Strong, 63–64.

  32.  Strong, 76.