Index

AEF. See American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
AFL. See American Federation of Labor (AFL)
African Americans
as percent of population of Manhattan
popular characterization of
African American soldiers
recognition by American army
rumors of German abuse of
as war heroes
Afro-American (newspaper)
Aix-les-Bains
Allies
fall counteroffensive (1918)
German spring offensive (1918)
summer combat (1918)
Allingham, Henry
“All of No Man’s Land Is Ours” (song)
American Expeditionary Force (AEF)
American Federation of Labor (AFL)
American First Army
American Legion
American Magazine
American Negro in the World War, The (Scott)
Anderson, E. D.
Antilynching law, federal
Appleton, Charles
Armistice
Armstrong, Louis
Army. See Military
Associated Press
Astaire, Fred
Astor, Mrs. Vincent
Atkins, Tommy

Baden-Powell, Robert
Baker, Josephine
Baker, Newton D.
Baker, Norman
Baker, Oscar
Baldwin, James
Ballou, Charles
Baltimore, Charles
Band, Fifteenth New York National Guard
armistice performance
at Brest pier
Christmas performance
entertaining American troops
first concert in Europe
Fourth of July concert
at Tuileries Garden
welcome home parade
See also Europe, James Reese “Jim,” Jr.
Barry, Thomas J.
Bartholdi, Frédéric-Auguste
Bastille Day attack
Bates, Aaron T.
“Battle of Henry Johnson, The” (Cobb)
Battle of the Marne
Battle of Verdun
Bayard (Sergeant)
Bayonets
Bellevue Ridge
Bellevue Signal
Bellups, Kenneth
Berlin, Irving
Berry, Horace
Big Bertha
Birth of a Nation (film)
Bitschwiller
“Black Devils” regimental band
Black newspapers
Blake, Eubie
“Block House”
Blood transfusion, for Europe
Blunden, Edmund
“Blutlustige Schwarzmänner”
“Bonus Army, The”
Boston Globe
Brest
Briggs, Arthur
Brinton, Christopher
British troops, morale among
Brooke, Rupert
Brooklyn Standard Union (newspaper)
Brooks, William H.
Brown, Eugene
Brown, Fred
Brown, Lytle
Browning, Harold
Bryan, Al
Buckles, Frank Woodruff
Bulgaria
Butler, William
in combat
newspaper story on
welcome home
Butte Mesnil

Cadore, Leon
Calloway, Cab
Camp Brevard
Camp Dix (New Jersey)
Camp Funston (Kansas)
Camp Hill (Virginia)
Camp Logan (Texas)
Camp Merritt (New Jersey)
Camp Mills (New York)
Camp Stuart (Virginia)
Camp Upton (New York)
Camp Wadsworth (South Carolina)
Camp Whitman (New York)
Carrier, Aaron
Carter, Benny
Castle, Irene
Castle, Vernon
Casualties
among 369th Regiment
British
French
German
“Chant des Guerriers” (song)
Chauchat machine gun
Cheatham, Henry
Cheeseman, Ben (B.W.)
Chenier, Marie-Joseph
Chicago, race riots
Chicago Defender (newspaper)
Chisum, W. W.
Christmas
Churchill, Winston
Clark, John H.
Clef Club
Clemenceau, Georges
Clinton, Bill
Cobb, Frederick
Cobb, Irvin S.
Cohen, George M.
Cole, Ted
Coleman, Frank
Combat, response to
Combat groups
Combat training, for Fifteenth New York National Guard
Commendations for 369th . See also individual awards
Congressional Medal of Honor
Connick, C. A.
Coolidge, Calvin
Corey, Herbert
“Corner, The” (New York)
Cotter, Joseph Seamon, Jr.
Cotton, George “Kid”
Craig, R. C.
Craps
CR Balcon-Reverchon
CR Beauséjour
CR Crochet
CR Fortin
Crisis (magazine)
Croix de Guerre
for Appleton
for Butler
for Fillmore
for Johnson and Roberts
for members of 369th
CR Vilquin
Current Opinion (journal)

Daniels, Josephus
Davis, Hannibal
Davis, Robert H.
Debroit, Frank
Demsy, Frank
Derby, Lord (Edward Stanley)
Dickerson, H. W.
Digging parties
Distinguished Service Cross
for McCowan and Earl
for William Butler
Dix, John Adams
“Dixie Duo, The”
Dogfights
d’Oiselle, Helie
Dorsey, Jasper
Douglass, Frederick
Draft
Drayton, Exodus
DuBois, W. E. B.
Dugouts

Earl, Elmer
East St. Louis race riot
Ellington, Duke
Elser, Max
Equity Congress
Europe, James Reese “Jim,” Jr.
“All of No Man’s Land Is Ours”
armistice performance
assault on
with band at Brest
with band at Christmas
with band at Tuileries Garden
Castles and
combat training
contemporary knowledge of
early musical career
entertaining American troops
first concert in Europe
at the front
funeral of
in gas ward/convalescence
on guarding the Rhine
postwar career
postwar plans
in raiding party
remembered by Gourard
reunion with Sissle
song compositions
Spartanburg and
transfer to Ninety-second Division
voyage to France
welcome home parade and
Europe, John
Europe, Lorraine
Europe, Madeline
Europe, Mary
Europe, Willie Angrom
Evening World (newspaper)
Eyre, Lincoln

Ferdinand, Franz
Ferguson, D. Leroy
Ferguson, Robert
Fields, W. C.
Fifteenth New York National Guard
active duty in New York and New Jersey
black officers of
combat training
early enlistees
formation of
membership
orders to sail to France
racial incidents in Spartanburg
recruitment for
recruitment parades
training
white officers of
See also 369th U.S. Infantry Regiment (369th RIUS)
Fillmore, Charles W.
in combat
postwar career
relations with white officers
transfer
First Battalion, of the 369th . See also Little, Arthur; 369th U.S. Infantry Regiment (369th RIUS)
First Battalion of the Twenty-fifth Infantry
First Separate Battalion (Colored)
Fish, Hamilton
Fish, Hamilton
Fish, Hamilton, Jr.
camouflage squad and
at Europe’s funeral
at the front
on hope to get to Paris
postwar career
seeking transfer
on skill of troops throwing grenades
on summer 1918 battle
trouble in Spartanburg and
trouble with Alabama National Guard and
on voyage to France
Fish, Hamilton
Fish, Hamilton Stuyvesant
Fisher, John
Flare pistol
Foch, Ferdinand
Fonda, Henry
Fort Brown (Texas)
Fouquiers, André de
Fowler, Wallace
France
black Americans in 1920s and
race relations in
treatment of black soldiers in
French rations
French troops, rebellion among
Frick, Henry
“Frogs, The” (theatrical group)
Fryer, Lucy

Gaillard (Sergeant)
Garbo, Greta
Garland, Judy
Gas/gas attacks
mustard
phosgene
tear
George, Lloyd
German prisoners of war
German propaganda
Germans
demonizing of
fear of African American soldiers
rumors of abuse of black troops by
German shelling
German spring offensive (1918)
GI Bill of Rights
Giles, Jennie Featherstone Wade
Giles (Sergeant)
Gillespie, J. F.
Gilliard, Amos
Gleaves, Albert
Gompers, Samuel
“Goodbye Broadway, Hello France” (song)
Gordon, Dexter
Gottler, Archie
Gouraud, Henri
fall counteroffensive and
honor for
letter to 369th U.S. Infantry Regiment
military career
postwar career
reward from
trap set by
Graham, John
Grandma Moses
Graves, Robert
Green, Joe
Green, Martin
Greenville race riots
Greer, Allen
Grenthal, Abraham
Grimke, Archibald
Grimke, Francis

Haig, Douglas
Hammerstein, Oscar
Hammond, John
Hand grenades
Handy, W. C.
Hans
Harlem
Harlem Hellfighters . See also 369th U.S. Infantry Regiment (369th RIUS)
Harlem Renaissance
“Harmony Kings, The”
Hayden, Palmer
Hayes, Roland
Hayward, Leland
Hayward, William
advancement of black officers and
arrival in France
on assignment to frontlines
Cobb and
at Europe’s funeral
formation of Fifteenth New York National Guard and
at the front (fall counteroffensive)
at the front (spring 1918)
at the front (summer 1918)
Henry Johnson and
on his men’s readiness
letter from Lebouc
letter to Scott
plea for Europe to stay with band
plea to be included in “Rainbow” Division
postwar career
protest over Pershing troop reorganization
request for frontline duty
respect of his men for
support for Europe’s band
trouble in Spartanburg and
voyage to France and
welcome home parade and
William Jackson trial and
Hearst, William Randolph
Heirpont
“Hell Fighters”
Hemingway, Ernest
Hepburn, Katharine
Hindenburg Line
Hines, Earl “Father”
Hogan, Ernest
Hooper (Sergeant Major)
Horne, Lena
Houston race riots
death sentences for black soldiers
Hudson, Ivan
Hughes, Langston
Hugo, Francis
“Hunting the Hun” (song)
Hyden, F. M.

“I Didn’t Raise My Boy to Be a Soldier” (song)
Intelligence tests, used by army
“Iron Corps”

Jackson, Charles
Jackson, Florence
Jackson, James
Jackson, James Henry
Jackson, William
Jamieson, John A.
in combat
poem
Jazz, introduction to France
Jenkins Orphanage
“Joan of Arc” (song)
Joffre, Joseph
Johnson, Edna
Johnson, Frank
Johnson, Henry
Cobb account of combat
in combat
post-combat military career
postwar AWOL
postwar life
welcome home parade and
Johnson, Herman
Johnson, Jack
Johnson, James Weldon
Johnson, John Lester
Johnson, Juanita
Johnson, William H.
Jolly Boys
Jolson, Al
Jones, A. M.
Jones, David
Joplin, Scott
Joubaire, Alfred

Kaestner, Erich
Keenan, Willis H.
Kerensky, Alexander
Kernan, Francis Joseph
Knickerbocker Press
Knopf, Alfred
Ku Klux Klan

Lacey, James
Lacrymator
Lacy, George C.
Lafeyette Theater
LaGuardia, E. H.
Landon, Alf
Lebel rifles
Lebouc (General)
Lee, George Bolling
Lee, Robert E.
Le Gallais (General)
Le Mans
L’Esperance, David
Lice
Liddell-Hart, Basil
Lightner, E. W.
Linard (Colonel)
Little, Arthur W.
at Bourbach-le-Haut
on Christmas celebration
Cobb and
at CR Crochet
at Europe’s funeral
Fillmore and
at the front (fall counteroffensive)
at the front (spring 1918)
at the front (summer 1918)
on gas attacks
Henry Johnson and
injuries
Johnson and
on march north
postwar career
postwar racial tension and
on random shelling
reception for Gourard
on rest time
at the Rhine
on shelling
on significance of African American service
Spartanburg and
on stamina of black soldiers
on troop morale
Little, Harriet
Little, William
Little, Winslow
Locke, Alain
London, Harold
Louis, Joe
Ludendorff, Erich
Lusitania
Lyles, Aubrey
Lynchings
federal antilynching law
German propaganda and
of Jesse Washington
military

MacArthur, Douglas A.
MacClinton, Seth B.
Mack, Daniel
Maffrecourt
Manhattan, Negro population of
Marche du Regiment de Sambre et Meuse
Marne, Battle of the
“Marseillaise, La” (song)
Marshall, Napoleon Bonaparte
postwar career
racial abuse and
transfer
Marshall (Sgt. Major)
“Masters of Popular Painting” (exhibit)
McClure’s (magazine)
McCowan, Elmer
McCoy, Christine
McCoy, James H.
McCoy, Millie
McKay, Claude
McNish, Ernest
Méhul, Étienne-Nicolas
Merill, J. N.
Messenger (magazine)
Metz
Mikell, Eugene
Military
black troops stationed in racially intolerant areas
as opportunity for African Americans
race relations in
recognition of 369th by
Military lynching
Military recruitment
for Fifteenth New York National Guard
parades and
Military Training Camp Association
Miller, Forney
Miller, Kelly
Miller, Marvin
Miller, Robert
Mitchell, Louis A.
Monk, Thelonius
Moore, Fred
Morale
Moran, Robert L.
Moroccan troops
Morris, Munson
Museum of Modern Art (New York)
Mustard gas

Naegelen, René
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Nevill, W. P.
“New Negro”
New Negro, The (Locke)
Newspapers
accounts of welcome home parade
articles on contributions of African American troops
black
See also individual papers
New York Age (newspaper)
New York Times (newspaper)
New York Tribune (newspaper)
New York World (newspaper)
welcome home parade account
Niccolls, William O.
Ninety-third Division (Colored)
Nivelle, Robert
No-man’s-land
Non-Commissioned Officers Manual
Norman, D. E.
Norris, B. F.

O’Byrne (Captain)
Officers, black
lack of advancement for
treatment by military
Officers, white
Officer training schools
“Old Negro”
167th Alabama National Guard
“On Patrol in No Man’s Land” (song)
Open-field warfare training
“Over There” (song)
Owen, Jesse
Owen, Wilfred

Parades
military recruitment
protesting race riots
welcome home
Passchendaele
Patch, Harry
Patton, George S.
Payne, L. S.
Peace drive
Pearson’s Magazine
Pershing, John H. “Black Jack”
awards from
black troops under command of
on contribution of African American troops
deployment of black troops and
fall counteroffensive and
request for American troops from Allies and
request for more troops from Foch
restructure of black troops
Petain, Henri Philippe
Phillips (Brigadier General)
Phosgene
Piantadosi, Al
Pickering, Woodell (W. A.)
Pigeons
Pippin, Harriet
Pippin, Horace
at the front
on Gouraud’s trap
journal of wartime experiences
on journey to frontlines
on Moroccan troops
postwar career
in raiding party
remembering home
search for sniper
on witnessing dogfight
Plant, Mary Cadwell Manwaring
Poincaré, Raymond
Poles, Spottswood “Spots”
Police Band
Ponticelli, Lazare
Porter, Cole
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Powell, Adam Clayton
Powell, Harry
Pratt, Richardson
Princip, Gavrilo
Privates Manual (Moss)
Projector attack
Propaganda, German
Prostitutes
Psychotherapy
PTSD. See Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Purple Heart, for Johnson

Race relations
in France
in United States
Race riots
East St. Louis
Houston
postwar
Race war
Racial tensions in military
white soldiers’ abuse of black troops and
white soldiers’ defense of black troops and
Racial violence
within army
postwar
Raiding parties
Randolph, A. Philip
Rations, French
Raymond, Henry
363rd French Infantry
“Red Summer”
Reid, Lincoln
Remarque, Erich Maria
“Repression of War, The” (lecture)
Rest, away from the front
Rifle training
Rivers, W. H. R.
Robb, George S.
Roberts, Needham
in combat
in convalescence
postwar career
Robeson, Paul
Robinson, Bennie
Robinson, Bill “Bojangles”
Rogers, Ginger
Rogers, Howard E.
Rogers, Lionel W.
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano
Roosevelt, Mrs. Theodore, Jr.
Roosevelt, Theodore
Roosevelt, Theodore, Jr.
Root, Elihu
Rosewood (Florida), race riots
Rosier’s Farm
Rousseau, Henri

Salerou (commandant)
Salients
“Salute to the 85th, The” (song)
Sands, Peter
San Juan Hill area (Manhattan)
Sassoon, Siegfried
Saturday Evening Post (magazine)
Schabacker, Herbert
Scott, Emmett J.
Sechault
Second Battalion, of the 369th. See also 369th U.S. Infantry Regiment (369th RIUS)
“Secret Information Concerning Black American Troops” (document)
Sector CR
Segregation, in U.S. military
Seibel, George F.
Selective service, racial bias in
Selective Service Act (1917)
Sergeants Hill
Service of Supply (SOS)
relegation of black troops to
Shaw, George Bernard
Shaw, John
Shaw, Robert Gould
Shelling gas
Shell shock
Shiels, G. Franklin
Shuffle Along (musical)
Simms, Bessie
Sinclair, Upton
Sissle, Noble
on death of comrade
on early duties in France
Europe’s report of front activity to
Gouraud and
Jim Europe and
journey to frontlines
officer training
performance with band
postwar career
on serving with French
Spartanburg and
on transit in France
welcome home parade and
Sixty-ninth New York National Guard
Smith, Al
Smith, Willie “The Lion”
Snake Hill
Sniper attacks
Soldiers, bonds between
“Soldier’s Home, A” (Hemingway)
Somme, battle at
Somme-Bionne
“Sonnet to Negro Soldiers” (Cotter)
SOS. See Service of Supply (SOS)
Sound of Music, The (musical)
Sousa, John Philip
South Pacific (musical)
Spartanburg (South Carolina), racial incidents with troops in
Spencer, Lorillard, Jr.
St. Nazaire
St. Ouen Camp
Stand-down
Stand-to
Stanley, Edward (Lord Derby)
State Journal (newspaper)
Sternutator
Steward, Jimmy
Stone, William
Stout, William
“Strength of a Nation, The” (march)

Tate, “Big Bill”
Taylor, Billy
Taylor, Fannie
Taylor (Private)
Tear gas
Third Battalion, of the 369th . See also 369th U.S. Infantry Regiment (369th RIUS)
Third Battalion of the Twenty-fourth Infantry
Third Battle of the Aisne
Thomas, John
365th U.S. Infantry Regiment
368th U.S. Infantry Regiment
369th U.S. Infantry Regiment (369th RIUS)
arrival in France
assignment to Trois Cent Soixante Neuvieme (RIUS)
away from front
band. See Band, Fifteenth New York National Guard
black and white officers in
casualty rate among
Christmas 1918
commendations for
daily routine at the front
empathy for French people
fall counteroffensive
German spring offensive (1918)
guarding the Rhine
initial duties in France
journey home
lack of advancement for black officers
open-field warfare training
posthumous children
psychological wounds
regimental insignia
reorganization of black troops and
rifle training
routine away from front
at St. Ouen Camp
summer combat (1918)
training under French
in trenches
voyage to France
welcome home parade See also Fifteenth New York National Guard
370th U.S. Infantry Regiment
371st U.S. Infantry Regiment
372nd U.S. Infantry Regiment
Tizol, Manuel
Train-de-combat
Training
combat
under French
officer
open-field warfare
rifle
Trakl, Georg
Transport parties
Tree of Hope
Trenches, time in
Trench foot
Trench system
Trois Cent Soixante Neuvième RIUSh’s assignment to. See also 369th U.S. Infantry Regiment (369th RIUS)
Trombalian (grenade launcher)
Tuileries Garden concert
Tulsa (Oklahoma), race riots
Turner, Nat
Turpin, James
Tuskegee Airmen
Twenty-seventh “Rainbow” Division
Tyler, Ralph W.

United States, entry into World War I
U.S. Committee on Public Information
USS Pocahontas

Vaughn, D. H.
Veery pistol
Verdun, Battle of
Veteran’s benefits
Victoria Cross
Villa, Pancho
von Below, Erich
von Boehn, Hans
von Einem, Karl
von Falkenhavn, Erich

Waco horror
Waco Times Herald (newspaper)
Wanamaker, John
Wanamaker, Rodman
War of the Worlds (Wells)
Washington, Booker T.
Washington, Jesse
Watch Your Step (musical)
Webb (Lieutenant)
Weir, Felix
Welles, Orson
Wells, H. G.
Wells, Ida
White, Herbert
on Bastille Day attack
in combat
retrieving casualties
White, Ila
White (Sergeant)
Whitman, Charles
Whittemore, E. A.
Wilkin, Barron
Wilkins, Roy
Williams, G. J.
Williams, John Sharp
Williams, Walter
Wilson, Eleanor
Wilson, Woodrow
Wilson (PC)
Winston, Eric
Women, desire for
Wood, Leonard
Woods, Leo
World War I
American entry into
argument for going to war
armistice
beginning of
contemporary treatment of
end of
fall counteroffensive (1918)
German spring offensive (1918)
last surviving veterans of
state of prior to American entry into
summer combat (1918)
Worsham (Lieutenant)
Wright, Herbert
assault on Europe
postwar career with Europe
psychological injury from war
Wright, Steven
Wyeth, N. C.

“Young Black Joe” (Cobb)