Index

A

Absolute Referencing

56–64

Array

26

Array Function

53

Audit

298–299

B

Best Practice

117–123

C

Capital Expenditure

230

Circular references

243–244

Conditional Formatting

77–80

Consistency

118

Control Accounts

181–183

Costs of Goods

218

D

Data tables

96–105

Data validation

90–95, 225

Dates

48–51

Debt

241

Depreciation

 

Declining

231

Declining balance

263

Diminishing Value

231

Reverse

236

Straight Line

230–236

Sum Of Digits

231

Usage Basis

231

Dividends

273–278

E

Equity

269

Errors

 

Checks

198, 200

Error traps

7

IFERROR

10–11

F

Financial Statements

Balance Sheet

174, 197–198, 281

Cash Flow Statement

175, 196

Cash Flow Statement - indirect

286

Income Statement

171, 193–194

Linking

179, 202

Opening Balance Sheet

199–200, 280

Flexibility

121

Formula

 

Length

3

Functions

 

Array function

53

CELL

137–139

CHOOSE

33–34

COLUMNS

22

COUNT

6

DAY

49

EDATE

48–51

EOMONTH

48–51

FIND

138

HLOOKUP

21, 30

IF

7

IFERROR

10–11, 139

INDEX

30–32

Index Match

32

INT

39

LEFT

138

LOOKUP

26–29

MATCH

30–32

MAX

52–53

MID

138

MIN

52–53

MOD

9, 39–47

MONTH

49

NOT

8

OFFSET

35–37, 43–47, 63–64

OR

8

RIGHT

138

ROUND

153

SUM

4–6

SUMIF

12

SUMIFS

14–15

SUMPRODUCT

16–20

VLOOKUP

21–25

YEAR

49

G

Goal Seek

106–114

H

Hyperlinks

115–116

I

IF

7

Flags

9

Inputs

Entering

194, 209

Interest

244, 250, 253–255

M

Macros

75–77, 113–114, 162–163

Market Value

312

Model layout

134

N

Named ranges

81–89

Number formatting

27, 65–70

O

Operating Expenditure

224

Options

Advanced

132

Formulas

128

New workbook

127

Save

130

P

PivotTables

6

Q

Quick Access Toolbar

132

Quick Analysis

125

R

Range names

81–89

Ratios

301–314

Asset Management

306

Debt

308

Equity

310

Liquidity

304

Profitability

302

Revenue

208

Calculations

213

Robustness

120

S

Self-Review

295

Shortcuts

SUM

4

Single entry accounting

279–281

Solver

109–114

Styles

71–76

T

Tax

256

Deferred tax

258–260, 263–264

Template

159–169

Time series

186–187

Transparency

122–123

V

Vector

16, 26

Volatile functions

38

W

Working Capital

210

Second Edition Addendum

Whilst I put together a companion book on Financial Modelling, it occurs to me that we should pass on a few more “tricks of the trade” regarding building financial models. May I suggest that you take the time to look at the website of our company (SumProduct) www.sumproduct.com and avail yourself of daily tips, tricks, ideas and blogs.

For example, I talk on several occasions of copying a formula consistently across a row. That’s fine when there are just a few columns, but when there are more rows, it can be-come cumbersome. Well, here’s a useful trick.

Sometimes when modelling you need to copy a formula across many columns (e.g. building a 20+year monthly forecast model). Dragging a formula across using the mouse on a regular basis could lead to a claim for Repetitive Strain Injury. Unless these cells are al-ready non-blank keyboard shortcuts such as CTRL + SHIFT + Right Arrow appear useless. However, all is not lost. The following trick can be used on many occasions.

Imagine you needed to copy formulae across columns J to XZ (say):

Select the column TWO columns to the right of the last column required (here, this would be column YB)

A quick way to get there would be to press the F5 function key and then type YB1 + ENTER to go to cell YB1 and then press CTRL + SPACEBAR to select the column YB

Next, highlight all columns to the right (assuming these are all blank) using CTRL + SHIFT + Right Arrow

Right click on the mouse and select ‘Hide’ (this will hide columns YB to the end)

Now return to where the formula will start (say, cell J9)

Type the formula in and press ENTER

Select the cell again and then use the keystroke CTRL + SHIFT + Right Arrow which will highlight cells J9:YA9 inclusive

Having removed all fingers from the keyboard press SHIFT + Left Arrow which will re-duce the range to cells J9:XZ9 inclusive

Having removed all fingers from the keyboard once more, press CTRL + R to fill the formulae into all cells simultaneously.

Practice will make this second nature!

Three points to note:

1.On first glance, there appears to be no reason to retain a blank column. However, if column XZ is the final column, CTRL + SHIFT + Right Arrow will take you straight to column XZ. However, if you fill in this point, in some versions of Excel, all of the hidden columns will have formulae copied into them too, leading to potential model errors and needless file size bloating.

2.Some modellers will hide or group columns of populated data instead of using the above technique. The problem with this approach is that whilst these columns are hidden, errors may occur in these columns which are only picked up when the fields are made visible once more. This can lead to tremendous re-work which could have been avoided if the developer had inspected ranges periodically instead.

3.CTRL + R will not always retain all formats. If this is important, copy the formula (CTRL + C) before highlighting the whole range and then paste in the usual way (CTRL + V) instead.

Finally, let me end on an extremely pragmatic note. I quizzed my colleagues about what we considered to be the most useful keyboard shortcuts for financial modelling (on a PC). This is what they came up with. Yes, it’s an entirely subjective list, but hopefully, you’ll find one or two useful shortcuts below. Enjoy!

Keystroke What it does
ALT + ; Select visible
ALT + = Sum selection above or to the left
ALT + Down Opens AutoComplete, data validation or filter dropdown list
ALT + F1 Insert chart on current sheet
ALT + F11 Show VBA IDE
CTRL + ; Insert current date (in Edit [F2] mode)
CTRL + 0 Hide column
CTRL + 1 Format cells
CTRL + 9 Hide row
CTRL + ALT + F3 New name
CTRL + B Bold (toggle)
CTRL + C Copy
CTRL + D Fill down
CTRL + Down Select the last cell in the area down
CTRL + End Selects the last cell in the sheet
CTRL + ENTER Fill value in edited cell into all cell and do not move
CTRL + Escape Bring up Start Menu (overriding an Excel command)
CTRL + F Find dialog
CTRL + F1 Show / hide Ribbon
CTRL + F3 Open Name Manager
CTRL + F12 Open
CTRL + G GoTo
CTRL + H Replace
CTRL + Home Select cell to reset window (or pane)
CTRL + I Italic (toggle)
CTRL + K Insert hyperlink
CTRL + Left Select the last cell in the area left
CTRL + Multiply (*) Select current region
CTRL + N New workbook
CTRL + O Open workbook
CTRL + P Print
CTRL + PageDown Next sheet
CTRL + PageUp Previous sheet
CTRL + R Fill right
CTRL + Right Select the last cell in the area right
CTRL + S Save
CTRL + Space Select column
CTRL + Subtract (-) Delete cells
CTRL + T Insert Table / convert selection to Table
CTRL + U Underline (toggle)
CTRL + Up Select the cell at top of region
CTRL + V Paste
CTRL + W Close window
CTRL + X Cut
CTRL + Y Redo
CTRL + Z Undo
F3 Redo / edit (F2) mode: toggle $ references
F4 Paste names
F5 GoTo / refresh file list
F7 Check spelling
F8 Extend selection mode
F9 Calculate now
F11 Insert chart on new sheet
F12 Save As
Home Select the first cell in the row
SHIFT + ALT + F1 Insert new sheet
SHIFT + ALT + Left Ungroup
SHIFT + ALT + Right Group
SHIFT + Backspace Collapse selection to the active cell
SHIFT + CTRL + - Remove all borders
SHIFT + CTRL + = Insert cells
SHIFT + CTRL + 1 Fixed decimal and comma format
SHIFT + CTRL + 3 Date format
SHIFT + CTRL + 4 Currency format
SHIFT + CTRL + 5 Percentage format
SHIFT + CTRL + 7 Outline border
SHIFT + CTRL + 9 Unhide row
SHIFT + CTRL + Down Extend selection down to last cell in area down
SHIFT + CTRL + End Extends the selection to the last cell in the sheet
SHIFT + CTRL + F3 Create names
SHIFT + CTRL + Home Extend selection to the cell that resets the window or pane
SHIFT + CTRL + Left Extend selection down to last cell in area left
SHIFT + CTRL + PageDown Extend selection one sheet down
SHIFT + CTRL + PageUp Extend selection one sheet up
SHIFT + F2 Insert / Edit Comment
SHIFT + F3 Function Wizard
SHIFT + F9 Calculate sheet
SHIFT + F10 Activate context menus (right-click)
SHIFT + F11 Insert new worksheet
SHIFT + SPACE Select row
SHIFT + TAB Tab backwards (previous cell to edit)
TAB Tab forwards (next cell to edit)

There are over 540 keyboard shortcuts in Excel. For a comprehensive list, please down-load the Excel file at https://www.sumproduct.com/thought/keyboard-shortcuts?L=0.

Also, as I mentioned before, check out the new daily Excel Tip of the Day feature on the www.sumproduct.com homepage.