Rendering of Time in the Fifteenth Century

The Liturgical Hours

In monastic life, the day was divided by the cycles of prayer:

  • Lauds (at dawn)
  • Prime (first hour after daylight—about 6 A.M.)
  • Terce (third hour after daylight—about 8 A.M.)
  • Sext (sixth hour after daylight—about 11 A.M.)
  • Nones (ninth hour after daylight—about 2 P.M.)
  • Vespers (twilight)
  • Compline (last cycle of prayers before bed)
  • Matins (night prayers—between 2 and 4 A.M.)

The Liturgical Calendar

The year was divided into liturgical seasons:

  • Advent (four Sundays before Christmas through Christmas Eve)
  • Christmastide (Christmas Eve to January 13)
  • Time After Epiphany (January 13 to nine Sundays before Easter)
  • Septuagesima (nine Sundays before Easter to the Tuesday before Ash Wednesday)
  • Lent (forty-day period from Ash Wednesday to Palm Sunday)
  • Holy Week (Palm Sunday to Easter Sunday)
  • Easter Season (Easter Sunday through the octave of Pentecost)
  • Time After Pentecost (second Monday after Easter through the Saturday before Advent)