INDEX

The index that appeared in the print version of this title was intentionally removed from the eBook. Please use the search function on your eReading device to search for terms of interest. For your reference, the terms that appear in the print index are listed below.

‘Abd al-Ramān

Abū al-asan ‘Ali

African slaves: fugitive slaves; gacis in Muslim Granada; manumitted, owners’ categorization by skin color, ethnicity, and origin; Portuguese slave trade; racial slavery in Americas; religious brotherhoods/confraternities. See also African slaves (North Africa); African slaves (sub-Saharan)

African slaves (North Africa); Berber slaves in Muslim Iberia; and Charles III’s diplomatic ties with North African states; military defense of Almería; Muslim Iberian slave trade; owners’ categorization by skin color; tattoos

African slaves (sub-Saharan): animismn; dances; health; manumission; Muslim Iberia’s slave trade; non-Muslim slave labor in Americas owners’ categorization by skin color; Portuguese slave trade; religion/conversion; scars (cicatrices)

agricultural work; Christian Spain; Muslim Iberia; Roman Hispania; sugar industry; Visigoths’ rural slaves

ahorramiento

Albillos, Bartolomé

Albornoz, Bartolomé de

Alcaraz, Leonor de

Alcoi

Alexander, Pope

alfaqueques

Alfons

Alfonso

Alfonso

Alfonso

Alfonso

Alicante

Almadén

Almería

Americas, slavery in; antislavery sentiment; armed slaves in urban militias and guard units; changes in institution of slavery; demise of slavery; free black population; fugitive slave communities; labor needs; labor of non-Muslim sub-Saharan Africans; large-scale gang slavery and plantation agriculture; model for; and Old World slavery traditions; Portuguese Brazil; Portuguese slave trade; racial slavery; reasons for not using African Muslim slaves; reasons for not using Amerindian labor; reasons for not using European labor; and scholarly reinterpretations of domestic slavery; slave societies; small-scale slavery

Amerindians; death rates; in Seville

al-Andalus. See Muslim Iberia (al-Andalus)

Andalusia: domestic slavery; fugitive slaves; internal slave market; numbers of slaves; slaves’ religions

Andreoni, Giovanni Antonio

Ángeles, María de los

Angulo, Beatriz de

anti-slavery sentiment in Latin America

Arabian Peninsula, tradition of slavery on

Aranda Doncel, Juann

Arguëlles, Agustín de

Arian Christianity. See also Visigothic kingdom

arráeces

Arrais, Amador

artisanry; Christian Spain; domestic slaves; Roman Hispania (commerce and manufacturing); salt production; skilled craft guilds

Atarés, don Pedro de

Avila, reconquest of

Ayamonte

Azurara

Badr (slave of al-Raman III)

Baldera, María la

Balearic Islands: manumission by public and church authorities; numbers of slaves; reconquest and enslavement of Muslims. See also Mallorca; Minorca

baptism; and concubinage; and manumission; and slave marriage patterns

Baqī ibn Makhlad

Barbary piratesn

Barberà, Guillem de

Barcelona: agricultural work; artisanal workers; children born to slave mothers; curfew; domestic slavery; fugitive slave laws; internal slave market; manumissions; men/women slaves; numbers of slaves; reenslavement; religious brotherhoods of African Christians; slaves’ namesn; white slaves

Bargas, Juan de

Barrios Leme, Rodrigo de

Basque provinces

Batlle, Juan

becoming a slave; capture and enslavement of people born free; children born to slave mothers; children sold/abandoned into slavery; descaminants; penal slavery; self-sale into debt slavery. See also capture and enslavement of freeborn people

Belta, Hanz

Benci, Jorge

Benedict Pope (Pedro Martínez de Luna)

Benítez, Maximiliano and Antonio “Berberiscos,”

Bernal, Diego

Black Death

Blackburn, Robin

Blumenthal, Debra; Enemies and Familiars: Slavery and Mastery in Fifteenth-Century Valencia

Bonassie, Pierre

Borrassà, Lluís

Bos, Francisca

Braudel, Fernand

Brazil: abolitionists; end of slavery; gang slavery; Portuguese slavery

British colonies: abolishment of slavery; slave trade

Brodman, James

Byzantine Empire, slavery in

cabalgadas

Cádiz: constitutional convention and question of slavery; decline of slavery; influx of new slaves/slave population; internal slave market; manumissions; noble slaveowners; religious brotherhoods of African Christians; slave trade

Calafat, Pere

Canary Islands; artisanal workers; Christian slave trade and enslaved indigenous people; concubinage/prostitution; conquest and captives; groups of fugitive slaves; historians of; Inquisition in; manumissions; men/women slaves; Muslim coastal raids; numbers of slaves; religious brotherhoods of African Christians; sugar-cane agriculture

Cape Verde islands

capture and enslavement of freeborn people; “baños” (North African prisons); capture in warfare; Christian captives in Muslim Granada; Christian captives of other Christians; Christian captives taken to North Africa; Christian captives who converted to Islam; Christian raids on North Africa; coastal and sea raids; differences between captives and slaves; land raids; life stories; miraculous intervention stories; Morisco revolt and Christian enslavement of Moriscos; Muslims captured in raids; mutual prisoner exchanges and repatriation treaties; raids across religious lines; ransoming procedures; reconquest (and enslavement of Muslims); Roman Hispania; sold at auction; Visigothic kingdom; wars between Muslim Granada and Christian states; women

Caribbean Islands

Carlos

Carranza, María de

Carrillo del Castillo, Diego

Cartagena: early modern construction and public works; influx of new slaves/slave population; lives of freed slaves; work of slaves

Cartagena de Indias

Carthaginians

Castile: coastal raids during war with Aragon; fugitive slave laws and extradition treaties with Portugal; historians of; manumission; Muslim slaves from reconquest raids; ransoming arrangements for Christian captives; slave trade; tax on slave sales. See also Seville; La Siete Partidas (thirteenth-century Castilian law code)

castration. See also eunuchs

Castro, Alvaro de

Catalonia: coastal raids; concubinage/prostitution; decline of slavery; numbers of slaves; sale records (women/men); salt production; slave trade

Cataño, Batista

Catholic Church and abolition of the slave trade

Celada, Luis de

Cervantes, Miguel de; Los baños de Argel; captivity in Algiers; Don Quixote; El trato de Argel

children: bords de la casa, bords de la terra, and bords de cullita; born to slave mothers; of enslaved Moriscos; manumission of; sales; sold/abandoned into slavery

Chindasuinth, King

Christian Spain, early modern; baptismal records; Black Death; children born to slave mothers; concubinage; domestic servants; eighteenth-century decline of slavery; historians of; Morisco expulsion; numbers of slaves; owners of slaves; penal slavery; religion and slaves’ lives; seventeenth century; slave marriages; slave trade. See also Americas, slavery in; Inquisition

Christian Spain, medieval; capture and enslavement of freeborn people; children born to slave mothers; communities of religious minorities (Jews and Muslims); concubinage; domestic servants; eastern Iberia; fugitive Muslim slaves; historians of; independent agents (apprentices); legal conditions of slavery; manumission; Mediterranean maritime regions; numbers of slaves; penal slavery; Reconquest; religion and slaves’ lives; self-sale into debt slavery; slave marriages; slave trade; slaves’ names; wars with Muslim Granada

church slaves

clothing and dress of slaves

Columellan

complexity of Iberian slavery; gradations between full slavery and full freedom; new interpretations of involuntary labor/domestic slavery

Concepción, María de la

concubinage; Christian Spain; forced sex and prostitution; and homosexuality; Muslim Spain; pregnancy and childbearing; Roman Spain; wet nurses

Congregation of the Santo Cristo de Burgos

conversions: Christian captives to Islam; and the Inquisition; and manumission; Muslim slaves’ to Christianity; sub-Saharan Africans

conversos

Córdoba: fugitive slaves; internal slave market; manumissions; men/women slaves; Muslim; purchasers of domestic slaves; religious confraternity coordinating ransoming; slave marriages (baptismal records)

Córdoba, Andrés de

Cordoncillo, Catalina de

Corella, Francisco

cortados

Corté Alonso, Vicenta

Cortes of Toledo (1559)

Corvera, Marquis of

Council of Trent

crime and punishment; Christian kingdoms; curfews; Inquisition; laws limiting assembly and prohibiting slaves from carrying arms; masters’ authority over slaves; Roman Hispania; Seville’s regulations; Siete Partidas (Castilian law code); slave revolts; slaves’ murder of masters; Visigoths

Crof, Juan Bautista

Crown of Aragon; coastal raids during war with Castile; domestic slavery; fugitive slaves; institutionallyowned slaves; internal slave markets; legal codes; manumission. Mudejar community; penal slavery; self-sale into debt slavery; slave ownership by non-Christians; slave trade

Cuba

Curtin, Philip D.

Danatolia, Hassan

debt slavery

demise of slavery: Brazil; changing attitudes and anti-slavery sentiment; economic shifts; eighteenth-century Iberia; Latin America; regularization of diplomatic ties with North African states; seventeenth century Iberia

descaminants

Días, Gonzalo

Dinis, King

Diodorus Siculus

Dios, Miguel de

domestic slavery; artisanal work; duties outside household; eighteenth century; Origo’s concept of the “domestic enemy,”; purchasers/owners; Roman Hispania; scholarly interpretations; women and

Domingo of Silos (Santo Domingo)

Domínguez Ortiz, Antonio

Dominicans, Spanish

Domitian

donations of slaves

Durán, Ferrern

early modern Spain. See Christian Spain, early modern

Egica, King

Elbl, Ivana

Enrique, Francisco

Enrique

Enríquez, Duarte

Erwig, King

eunuchs: castration and automatic manumission; and Morisco owners; Muslim al-Andalus; Roman Empire/Roman Spain; aqāliba

Extremadura

families, slaves’

farda de la mar

Felipe

Felipe

Fernández, Alejo

Fernández, Isabel

Fernández Cevadero, Alonso

Fernando and Isabel (Catholic monarchs): defining who could be enslaved; granting manumission; making gifts of captives; and Moriscos; reconquest and enslavement of Muslim captives

Finley, Moses I.

forzados

France, slavery in

Franco Silva, Alfonso

Franks, Catholic

Frederickson, Fredrick

Free Womb Law

freedom; flight; life as a freed slave; manumission. See also fugitive slaves; manumission

Friedman, Ellen

fugitive slaves; accounts of unsuccessful flights; of African origin; Christian slaves fleeing Muslim owners; extradition treaties; groups of runaway slaves; late medieval Christian Spain; laws; Muslim slaves fleeing from Christian owners; Portugal; pursuit of; Roman Hispania; Visigothic kingdom

gacis (slave soldiers defending Granada)

galley service; by arráeces; captives taken in raids; convicts in penal slavery; by forzados

Gálvez, Catalina de

gang slavery: Latin America; Roman Hispania

González, Fernando

González Docón, Pedro

Granada, Christian: artisan workshops; independent agents; internal slave market; lives of freed slaves; manumissions; Martín Casares’s study; men/women slaves; Morisco revolt/rebellion; Morisco slaves remaining in; numbers of slaves; religious brotherhoods of African Christians; slave owners’ categorization of slaves by skin color

Granada, Muslim: Christian captives; Christian fugitive slaves; Christian women slaves (concubines); conversions to Islam; gacis (slave soldiers imported to defend); intermittent wars with Christian states; Muslim fugitive slaves’ escape to

Graullera Sanz, Vicente

Great Britain: slavery and the British colonies; slavery in

Guadalcanal, silver mines of

Güejar, Gaspar de

Guridi Alcocer, José Miguel

Guzmán, don Luis de

Guzmán, Juan de, duke of Medina Sidonia

akam al-

akam al-

Heers, Jacques

Hernández de Portillo, Pero

hierros (marks of the iron or brand)

Hillgarth, J. N.

Huelva: artisanal workers; manumission of children; sale records; work of slaves

Huesca

Hunwick, Johnn

Hurtado, Ana

Hurtado del Val, Juan

Iberian slavery studies; broad comprehensive surveys; complexities; data/information; future research areas; and involuntary labor/domestic slavery; locally focused studies; objectifying terms; periods and places emphasized; pre-1980s; recent works and new interpretations; scholarly popularity since late 1980s; women slaves

Ibiza. See also Balearic Islands

Ibn awqal

independent agents, slaves as; cortados; Muslim Iberia; “setmaners,”

Inquisition; and animist beliefs of sub-Saharan Africans; fugitive slave confessions; manumissions

Iranzo, Miguel Lucas de

Ireland, slavery in

Isidore of Seville

Italy, slavery in

Jaca, Francisco José de

Jaén: decline of slavery; lives of newly freed slaves; manumissions; marked slaves; owners of domestic slaves; preference for sub-Saharan Africans over white slaves; religious brotherhoods of African Christians; sale records (women/men); work of slaves

Jamán, Addra

Jaume I;

Jerez de la Frontera, battle at

Jews: and Castilian slavery; Muslim Iberia; penal slavery in the Crown of Aragon; as slave owners; as slave traders; Visigothic restrictions on slaveholding

Jiménez, Francisco

Jódar, Luis de

Juan

Juana, Queen

languages of slaves

Lanzarote: coastal raids; internal slave market; men/women slaves; Moriscos of. See also Canary Islands

Las Casas, Bartolomé de; The History of the Indies

Latin America. See Americas, slavery in

Latino, Juan

Law of Moret

Ledesma, Martín de

Leovigild, King

Lepanto, battle of

Lewis, Bernard

life as a slave; agency; beginning and adaptation; captives’ stories; Christian captives taken by Muslim raids; clothing/dress; concubinage; crime and punishment; family and marriages; gender ratios; health, illness, and death; language; legal conditions; life stories; manumitted slaves (life as a freed slave); masters’ authority; the master’s household; miraculous intervention stories; new names; religion

Linares, Catalina de

Lisbon House of Slaves (Casa dos Escravos de Lisboa)

Llull, Ramon

Lobo Cabrera, Manuel

López de Haro, Diego

López Molina, Manuel

Lovejoy, Pauln

Low Countries, slavery in

Lucena: freed slaves; internal slave market; manumissions; men/women slaves

Lugo, Alonso de

Madeira; sugar-cane agriculture

Madrid, early modern noble slaveowners of

Málaga: captives taken by raids; early modern decline of slavery; as fugitive slaves’ destination; internal slave market; masters’ punishment of slaves; reconquest and enslavement of Muslims; religious brotherhoods of African Christians; sale records; slave owners’ categorization of slaves by skin color; women slaves; work of slaves

Malberán, Francisco

Mallorca: agricultural work; concubinage; crime and punishment; groups of runaway/fugitive slaves; independent agents (“setmaners”); internal slave market; legal conditions of slavery; lives of freed slaves; manumissions; men/women slaves; the mestre de Guaita; Muslim slave rebellion (1374); Muslim slaves’ conversion to Christianity; numbers of slaves; reconquest and enslavement of Muslims; religious brotherhoods; slave owners’ categorization of slaves by skin color; slaves’ clothing/dress; slaves owning slavesn

Mamluks

Manli, Hamet

Manresa

Manrique, Juan

Mansur, al-

manumission; ahorramiento; automatic; by baptism and conversion; and carta de alforria (Portugal); Castile; children; Christian Iberia; by Christian public and church authorities; Christian/non-Christian masters and Christian/non-Christian slaves; contracts and talla payments; court cases; granted by masters/owners; and the Inquisition; by last wills and testaments; law code (Siete Partidas); legal mechanisms for gaining freedom; lives of newly manumitted slaves; Muslim Spain and Islamic law; new scholarly interpretations; notarial documents; older adults; by others’ purchase; Portugal; prices for; raising money for; rates of; and religious confraternities; revoked documents and reenslavement; Roman Spain; self-purchase; and slaves’ marriages; Visigothic period

manumitted slaves (freed slaves); behavioral requirements toward former masters; blacks of African origin (and assimilation); and law codes (Siete Partidas); poverty/charity; racial discrimination; reenslavement; Roman Spain; successful lives; Visigothic freedmen; women

Marín, Pero

marked slaves; brand marks; descriptions in notarial documents; hierros (marks of the iron or brand); scars (cicatrices); tattoos

Marmon, Shaunn

marriages, slaves’

Martial

Martín Casares, Aurelia: on late sixteenth-century Granada; on scholars’ use of terms that objectify slaves; on slave markings

Mas i Forners, Antoni

medieval Spain. See Christian Spain, medieval

Medina, Pedro de

Medina Sidonia

Mendoza y Solís, Fernando de

Mercado, Tomás de

Mercedarians

mines: penal slavery and labor in; Roman Hispania

Minorca

miraculous intervention stories

Mironis, Arnallus (and wife Arsendis)

Moirans, Epifanio de; Servi liberi seu naturalis mancipiorum libertatis iusta defensio

Montúfar, Alonso de

Moriscos; enslavement of; expulsion; as independent agents (cortados); revolt/rebellion; slave trading by; tax for coastal defense (farda de la mar)

Mosto, Alvise da

Mozarabs

Mudejars: in Crown of Aragon; manumissions in Valencia; and Muslim raids on Christian vessels; penal slavery; and reconquest of Toledo

Muammad b. Hashim, ruler of Zaragoza

Muñoz, Catalina

Muntaner

Muntornés, Francesc

Münzer, Hieronymus

Murcia: donations to the church; Inquisition tribunal; internal slave market; lives of freed slaves; men/women slaves; numbers of slaves; Reconquest and Muslim captives; slave owners’ categorization of slaves by skin color

Muslim Iberia (al-Andalus); Arabic language; Byzantine Christians; children born to slave mothers; Christian and Jewish slave holding and head taxes; Christian slaves; concubinage; dhimmī (Jews and Christians); domestic servants; educated slave women; eunuchs; expansive phases; fugitive slaves; imported Slavs (aqāliba); independent business agents; innovations of Muslim slavery; institutional owners; intermittent wars with Christian states; internal slave market; Islamic law (Qur’ān and Hādīth); manumission; modern scholarship; North African Berbers; numbers of captives; slave marriages; slave owners’ categorizations of skin color, ethnicity, and geographical origin; slave soldiers; slave trade (imported slaves); sub-Saharan African slaves; and tradition of slavery on the Arabian Peninsula; women slaves

names of slaves

Napoleon Bonaparte

Navas de Puebla

Las Navas de Tolosa, battle at

N’Damba, Albert

New World slavery. See Americas, slavery in

noble slaveowners

notary records (notarial documents); descriptions of slave markings; indicating skin color; manumission; wills

numbers of slaves; Atlantic slave trade; Christian Spain; by percentage of population; Portugal; by region; Roman Hispania

Núñez, Constanza

Olid, Alvaro de

Oliveira, Fernão, Arte de Guerra no Mar

Oran

Origo, Iris

Orsini-Avila, Françoise

ownership, slave: church slaves; educated Muslim slaves of Christian officials; individual monks/nuns or monasteries/convents; institutional owners; noble slaveowners; by slaves. See also capture and enslavement of freeborn people; manumission

Palma, Juan de

Palos

Paredes, García de

peculium

Pedro IV of Aragon

penal slavery

Peratallada, Guillermo de, bishop of Gerona

Pere, King

Pérez Mazanedo, Alonso

Pesagno, Manuel

Pike, Ruth

Planas Rosselló, Antonio

Polybius

Porras, Cristóbal de

Portugal: agricultural work; black Christian slaves; Brazilian slavery; concubinage/prostitution; decline of slavery; fugitive slaves; historians of slavery in; independence from Spain; independent agents; Lisbon House of Slaves (Casa dos Escravos de Lisboa); manumission by authorities; Muslim slave system; numbers of slaves; raids and privateering; salt production; seamen; and Seville’s internal slave market; slave owners; slave trade; slave trade in the Americas; slaves’ names. See also Americas, slavery in

Prado, Guillermo de

prices; internal slave markets; for manumission; and slaves’ ages; women slaves

Puente, Cristina de lan

Puerto Rico

Qaysī, ‘Abd al-Karīm al

race and ethnicity: de color de membrillo cocho; ladinos; manumitted slaves and racial discrimination; mulatos; Muslim Spain; negros; new directions/future research; and non-Muslim sub-Saharan Africans in the Americas; and prices; slave owners’ categorization by skin color, ethnicity, or geographical origin; slave trade

raids: across religious lines; Christian raids on North Africa; coastal and sea raids (and corsairs); eighteenth-century changes in corsair activities; land raids; and medieval slavery in Crown of Aragon; Muslim coastal raids; Muslims captured

ransoming; and difference between captives and slaves; Muslim captives of Christians; mutual prisoner exchanges and repatriation treaties; personal exchanges; raising money to recompensate ransomers; ransoming agents; religious orders coordinating

Reccared, King

Recceswinth, King

Reconquest; capture and enslavement of Muslims; raids across religious lines

Reixac, Antoni

religion and slaves’ lives; animism; baptisms; Christian brotherhoods/confraternities; Christian Spain; conversion to Christianity; conversion to Islam; manumission and baptism; manumission and holy orders; Portugal; Roman cults; Visigothic church slaves

religious confraternities (cofradías): black slaves in late medieval/early modern Christian Spain; confradía of Nuestra Senora de Gracia (Valencia); coordinating ransoming of Christian captives; and manumission; Portugal; and racial discrimination

Riwān (grand vizier of Granada)

Robles, Fernando de

Rocha, Manuel Ribeiro

Rodríguez, Cristóbal

Rodríguez, Jarbel

Roman Hispania; agricultural work; artisanry (commerce and manufacturing); captives becoming slaves; capture and enslavement of freeborn people; children born to slave mothers; children sold/abandoned into slavery; concubinage (prostitution); conditions and work of slaves; crime and punishment; decline of slavery in; domestic servants; eunuchs; familia Caesaris (administrative slaves); freed slaves (liberti); fugitives; gang slavery; the individual slave’s peculium; legal conditions (Roman law); manumission; mine workers; modern scholarship; numbers of slaves; public service jobs; religion (cults); and “slave society,”; slave trade

Rundī, Abū al-Baqā’ al-

Sabet, Jordi

Salas, Juan

Salicrú i Lluch, Roser

salt production

Salvago, Cristóbal

San Pedro Mártir, convent of

Sandoval, Alonso de

Santa Ana, José de

Santamaría Arández, Álvaro

Santiago (St. James)

Sanz de Lanes, Eneco

aqāliba (imported Eastern European slaves in al-Andalus)

Saqaī, Muammad al-

Sardinia

Saunders, A. C. de C. M.

Scandinavia, slavery in

scholarship. See Iberian slavery studies

Schwartz, Stuart B.n

Scipio Africanus

Segovia: educated Muslim slaves of Christian officials; health of slaves; work in royal mint

setmaneras (weekly wage workers)

Seville: artisan workshops; concubinage; domestic slavery; fugitive slaves; gender ratios; health/illnesses of slaves; historians of; independent agents (apprentices); internal slave market; laws prohibiting slaves from carrying arms and limiting assembly; manumissions; numbers of slaves; purchasers of artisanal slaves; reconquest (and enslavement of Muslims); Santa Hermandad (paramilitary police); slave owners’ categorization of slaves by skin color; slaves’ religions; taxes on slaves

Sharīshī, al-

Las Siete Partidas (thirteenth-century Castilian law code); crime and punishment; and fugitive slaves; and manumission; and slavery in the Americas; on three ways of becoming a slave

Sisebut, King

slave markets, internal. See also slave trade; traffic in slaves

slave revolts

“slave society,” ; Americas; Finley’s scheme; Roman Spain

slave trade; African slaves; and the Black Death; Canary Islands; Christian Spain; Crown of Aragon; Greek slaves; Jewish slaves; Muslim al-Andalus; Muslim slaves; Portuguese; Sards; and slave ownership by non-Christians; transatlantic; Turkish and Armenian slaves; turning points affecting the geography of; Visigothic. See also traffic in slaves

Slavs; aqāliba

Sobrer, Guillem

soldiers, slave; defense of Almería; defense of Muslim Granada; gacis; Mamluks; Muslim Spain; Visigothic

Soler, Jaume

Solís, Isabel de

Soto, Domingo de

Soto y Campany, Ricardo

Spanish American Empire. See Americas, slavery in

Stella, Alessandro; Histoires d’esclaves dans la péninsule ibérique

Sudan

sugar industry

Sunyer, Andreu

Sureda, Catalina

Sweet, James H.

taifa kingdoms

talla payments

taxes: Castilian alcabala and almojarifazgo; Castilian moneda foránea; farda de la mar (on Moriscos for coastal defense); head taxes for slave holders; Muslim Spain; royal dues collection by the Lisbon House of Slaves; on slave sales; on those with free servants

Tello, Nicolás

Tenerife,. See also Canary Islands

Third Council of Toledo

Third Order of the Franciscans

Toledo: manumission documents and reenslavement; numbers of slaves; reconquest

traffic in slaves; ages and prices; donations; fraud in slave sales; internal slave markets; marked slaves; prices of slaves; re-export trade between Iberia and Italy; sales transactions; skin color, ethnicity, and geographical origin; women . See also Americas, slavery in; slave trade

Trinitarians

umm walad

Valcanell, Pere

Valencia: artisanal workers; chief bailiff (bayle general); domestic slavery; internal slave market; law codes; manumissions; merchant purchasers of slaves; Muslim slave fugitives; numbers of slaves; penal slavery; reconquest and Muslim captives; religious brotherhoods of African Christians; scholars of; self-sale into debt slavery; slave marriages; slave ownership by non-Christians; slaves’ conversions

Valladolid, early modern noble slaveowners of

Valladolid, Juan de

Vera, Leonor de

Vergara, Alfonso de

Vergara, Pedro de

Verlinden, Charles

Vic

Vincent, Bernard

Visigothic kingdom; and Arian Christianity; capture and enslavement of freeborn people; church slaves; crime and punishment; Crown slaves (servi fiscales); domestic servants; fugitives; legal rights of slaves; manumission; penal slavery; restrictions on Jewish slaveholding; rural slaves; slave marriages; slave trade; slaves as combat troops; slaves of nobility (idonei); wars against the Catholic Franks

Vitoria, Francisco de

War of the Spanish Succession

wet nurses

Wiedemann, Thomasn

wills and manumission

women slaves; children born to; clothing/dress; concubinage; domestic slavery; and fraud in slave sales; internal slave markets; as majority of slaves; manumission; Martín Casares on; murder of masters; Muslim Iberia; owners’ categorizations of skin color, ethnicity, and geographical origin; prices; tattoos

work as a slave; agricultural and construction ventures of nobles; agriculture; Americas; artisanry; church slaves; domestic slavery and its variations; elite/educated Muslim slaves of Christian officials; eunuchs; independent agents; institutionally owned slaves; mining operations; public works; Roman administrative slaves (familia Caesaris); slave soldiers; sugar industry; Visigothic Crown slaves (servi fiscales)

Zaragoza