ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Two citations, one describing the violence at Hampden Park in 1909 and the other describing the Stretford End in 1974, are from The Roots of Football Hooliganism: An Historical and Sociological Study (1988) by Eric Dunning, Patrick Murphy and John Williams. The discussion of the relationship between LeBon and Mussolini is to be found in R.A. Nye’s The Origins of Crowd Psychology (1975). In addition to the obvious texts, two books proved especially useful, and I am grateful to their authors: Geoffrey Pearson’s Hooligan: A History of Respectable Fears (1983) and George Rudé’s The Crowd in History, 1730-1848 (revised edition, 1981). I would like to thank those who have read part or all of the manuscript: Tim Adams, David Hooper, Eric Jacobs, Derek Johns, Brian MacArthur of the Sunday Times, Richard Rayner, Salman Rushdie, Bob Tashman and John Williams. Good editors—rare, undervalued, wonderful creatures—are so hard to come by that I feel, especially privileged to have had three: Edwin Barber at W.W. Norton in New York, Ursula Doyle at Granta and the patient, inspiring, steadfastly encouraging Dan Franklin at Secker & Warburg.