Chapter Eleven: A Locked Door

1. . James Dowd, “Slim Profits Shutter Victory,” The Commercial Appeal, March 7, 2014.

2. . See my article “Recruiters Seek Victory Students,” The Commercial Appeal, March 11, 2014.

3. . The paragraphs about the federal inquiries into Victory University draw on the government e-mail correspondence that Jennifer Backer obtained through Freedom of Information Act requests. The state regulator that I refer to was the Tennessee Higher Education Commission. On July 29, 2015, the commission notified Victory University that it was retroactively revoking its authorization to operate. In an interview, commission lead attorney Julie Woodruff explained that the agency takes this retroactive revocation step when a university has failed to comply with shutdown procedures.

4. . Tamar Lewin, “For-Profit College Company Files For Bankruptcy,” The New York Times, May 5, 2015.