The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific passage, please use the search feature of your e-book reader’s tools.
Åberg, Nils, 61–62
Advertising Council of the German Economy, 154, 158
Afghanistan, 95, 96
agricultural colonies, 10, 43, 91, 141–43, 188, 189, 191, 213, 219–20, 228–32
Gotengau, 219–20, 221, 235, 236, 311
in Ukraine, 231–32
agriculture, 4, 5, 59
back-to-the-land movement and, 39–40
Tibetan grains and, 172, 175, 220
Ahnenerbe, 2–3, 16, 88, 143–44, 178, 229, 323–25
author’s investigation of, 8–10
Dahlem headquarters of, 137–38, 178, 185, 209, 271
evacuation of, 270
Excavations Department of, 122, 123–25, 127, 128
facilities and staff of, 3, 5, 53–54, 97, 137–38
files of, 9, 293, 294, 295, 313
financing of, 139–41
foreign research expeditions of, 8–12
founding of, 2, 5, 10, 13, 50–51
growth of, 122, 137–39, 141, 143
Indo-Germanic-Finnish studies department of, 90
Inner Asian department of, 260, 270, 274
journal of, 88–89, 135, 144
mission of, 2–3, 5, 51
at Mittersill, 274–76, 279, 307, 309, 315
name of, 2
paucity of information on, 8
popularization of work in, 143–44
portfolio of, 2, 13
postwar lives of researchers at, 300–317
professional face of, 12–13, 93, 97, 98, 121
scholarly reevaluation of, 8
script and symbol studies at, 54, 135
at Steinhaus, 270–72, 274, 278, 279
teaching and research sites of, 138
war crimes of, 9, 276–79, 293–94; see also war crimes
see also specific people and subjects
Ahnenerbe Foundation, 139–40
Almásy, László, 108
Almgren, Oscar, 71
alphabet, 58, 59
Altheim, Franz, 11, 102–6, 109–11
on Ahnenerbe expedition, 102 103, 111–20
Ahnenerbe joined by, 110
background of, 104–5
intelligence work of, 112, 115, 116, 119–20, 304, 305
Nazi party and, 104, 105–6, 110, 112
postwar life of, 304–5
Wilhelm II and, 105
Altheim, Wilhelm, 104
Alvensleben, Ludolf von, 224, 235
Alvsøn, Peder, 71
ancestor rooms, 18, 49
Andersch, Alfred, 17
Andes, Kiss’s planned trip to, 178–83, 195, 309
anti-Semitism, 292, 320
in Iraq, 117
in Romania, 113, 114
Arabs, 28, 118
archaeological studies, 5, 8, 19, 43, 183, 185, 187, 196, 221–22, 251
in Crimea, 222–24, 233, 234, 235, 236
Himmler’s interest in, 146, 148–49
Hitler’s views on, 44–45, 66
and nationalism, Brøgger on, 74–75
in Scandinavia, 62, 66–75
SS Excavations Department and, 122, 123–25, 127, 128
see also rock art
archaeological treasures, Polish, 12, 195, 202, 203–4, 207, 311
Arctic Circle, 74, 75
Arminius, 46, 48
Arnason, Ingólfur, 187–88
Artamanen, 39–40, 60, 228
art treasures, plundering of, 241, 287, 293, 310
Polish, 195–209, 293, 310
Aryan blood, 5, 41
Aryan-Nordic race and culture, 27–36, 143
in Andes, 178–79, 181–83
in Asia, 11–12, 93, 95, 96, 145–47, 149–50, 153, 154, 158, 167, 169, 173, 174, 175
in Canary Islands, 185, 186–87
civilization as product of, 5, 25
cranial features as indicators of, 166
Darius and, 183
early Germanic tribes and, 44–45
farming traditions and, 39, 40
Finns and, 82, 83, 90, 98, 303
Gorsleben’s views on, 79
Himmler’s views on divine origin of, 150, 151
Hitler’s views on, 3–4, 5, 25, 44–45
in Iceland, 187, 188, 189–90
and linguistic investigations into
European origins, 29–33, 36
as master race, 4
mental and emotional characteristics of, 35–36, 183–84
origins of concept of, 28–34
Paleolithic era and, 122, 124–36
physical characteristics of, 33–34, 35, 41, 146, 149, 166, 175
racial mixing and, 5, 165, 169, 175
religion in, see religion, Aryan-Nordic
Roman Empire and, 109–10
SS in rebuilding of, 10–11, 38, 40, 41–42, 46, 50, 141–43; see also agricultural colonies
Wirth’s ideas on, 57–58, 59, 60–62, 71–72, 75, 84, 92, 93, 94, 95–96
Wirth’s ideas on writing in, 54, 56, 58, 59, 62, 65–66, 71–72
Asia, 4, 145
Aryan-Nordic race and culture in, 11–12, 93, 95, 96, 145–47, 149–50, 153, 154, 158, 167, 169, 173, 174, 175
Cro–Magnon in, 126
linguistic investigations and, 29–33, 36
religion in, 95, 96
see also China; Tibet
Asiatic Society, 29, 30
Assen, 6
Atlantis, 59, 60–61, 149, 179, 182, 186, 310
atomic bomb, 282–83
Auschwitz, 249, 250–251, 254, 257–62, 263, 264, 307, 316, 317, 319
Austria, 99–102, 141, 204–5, 229, 243
Mittersill, 274–76, 279, 307, 309, 315
Backa, 70–71, 72
Badoglio, Pietro, 269
Baghdad, 102, 117, 119, 120
Bartels, Hermann, 49
Bavaria, 17, 299
Mauern caves in, 124, 125–29, 130, 131, 132, 306
Bavarian People’s Party, 23
Beger, Bruno, 155–56
author’s interview with, 319–23
background of, 155
Caucasus and, 12, 251, 253–56
Günther and, 155, 158–59, 322
Hirt and, 244, 315, 316, 323
Jewish Skeleton Collection and, 12, 242–44, 246, 249, 250–51, 257–65, 275
physical appearance and character of, 155
postwar life of, 315–17, 319–23
racial studies of, 155, 158, 163, 165–67, 169, 170, 172, 175, 241, 251–56, 257–65, 275, 320, 322
Tibet work of, 11, 155, 158–59, 162–63, 165–67, 169–73, 175, 254, 258, 274–75, 311, 320, 321, 322
Belgium, 211, 308
Bohmers’ trip to, 129, 130–31
Bell, Gertrude, 118
Bellamy, H. S., 310
Benfey, Theodor, 32–33
Berlin, 284–85
Museum for Pre and Early History in, 45
Best, Werner, 42
Bhagavadgita, 145
Bible, 28–29, 31
Bickenbach, Werner, 273–74
bicycle reflectors, 140
Bisitun inscription, 183, 184–85
Black Sea, 211–12, 217, 218, 222–23
map of, 216
Boas, Franz, 166–67
Bohmers, Assien, 11, 123–24, 125, 134–36
on Ahnenerbe research trip, 129–34
background of, 123
Himmler and, 128, 129, 134–35, 307
Mauern work of, 126, 127–29, 130, 131, 132, 306
postwar life of, 306–7
Bohr, Niels, 297
Bohuslän, 62, 63–66, 67–72, 95, 301–2
map of, 64
Bolivian Andes, Kiss’s planned trip to, 178–83, 195, 309
Bong, Otto, 267, 275, 276
Bormann, Gerda, 228
Bormann, Martin, 282
Boroschek, Sophie, 257–58
Bose, Fritz, 85–86, 87–88, 89, 91
Böttcherstrasse, 61, 91, 92
Boule, Marcellin, 131
Bousset, Helmut, 69, 72
Brandt, Rudolf, 201, 248, 252, 288
Braun, Eva, 287
Braune, Werner, 225–26
Breuil, Henri, 131–32, 133–34, 135
Britain, 130, 178
India and, 158
oil supplies and, 103, 120
Palestine and, 116
Schäfer’s Tibet expedition and, 159–61
secret intelligence of, 101
skull studies and, 166
Tibet and, 168, 173, 174–75
in World War II, 193, 222, 269, 270, 276
Brøgger, Anton, 74–75, 312
Bronze Age, 63, 65, 71, 90, 109
Brussels, 130–31
Bucharest, 112–13, 114–15
Buddha, 145, 146
Canary Islands, 185, 186–87, 195
Carol II, 113–14
Caucasus, 12, 233, 240–41, 242, 251–56, 293, 307
cave paintings, in France, 131–32, 133, 135–36
Central Office, 314, 315–16
cephalic index, 166–67, 191
Chamberlain, Houston Stewart, 23
Chamberlain, Neville, 161, 174–75, 177
childbearing and fatherhood, 6, 142, 228
China, 146, 309
Japan and, 157
Schäferin, 147, 149, 151, 152–53
Christianity, 56, 72, 84, 92, 186, 188, 217
Christy, Henry, 125
Churchill, Winston, 288, 289–90
Clauss, Ludwig–Ferdinand, 315
Codreanu, Corneliu, 113–14
Commissar Order, 246
Communists, 21
concentration camps, 43, 49, 95, 143, 197, 265, 289, 293, 314, 323–24
Auschwitz, 249, 250–251, 254, 257–62, 263, 264, 307, 316, 317, 319
badges in, 7, 19
Dachau, 43, 242, 248, 272, 274, 276, 293, 294, 295
gas chambers in, 249, 263, 265–66, 273, 323, 324
homosexuals in, 7
Natzweiler, 249, 251, 262–67, 272, 273, 276, 277, 278, 293, 294, 295, 316, 317, 323
tattoos in, 258, 267, 277
concentration camps, medical experiments in, 248, 249, 260, 272–74, 293, 295, 296, 297, 325
freezing, 272, 294
gunshot wound, 272–73
high-altitude, 241–42, 248, 272
mustard gas, 245, 262–63, 273, 294, 314
sterilization, 264
typhus vaccine, 273–74
Crimea, 12, 212–24, 229, 230, 232–37, 240, 311
map of, 216
Operation Leatherstocking in, 236
South Tirolese and, 229, 230
Croatia, 11
Cro-Magnon, 124–35, 205, 306
Czechoslovakia, 102, 130, 135, 174
Dachau, 43, 242, 248, 272, 274, 276, 293, 294, 295
Dacians, 113, 114
Dag Chufut (Mountain Jews), 252–53, 307
Daicoviciu, Constantin, 114
Dalai Lama, 150, 170, 175, 176
Darius I, 183–84
Darré, Richard Walther, 40, 54, 55, 139
as RuSHA head, 41, 45, 50, 139
Dechend, Gabriele, 150
Deisel, Theodor, 201
Denmark, 211, 217
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, see German Research Foundation
Diebitsch, Karl, 84
Dittel, Paul, 201
Dolan, Brooke, 147, 152
Domvile, Barry, 161
Dönitz, Karl, 287–88, 289
Eagle’s Nest, 2
Edda, 18, 79, 80, 81, 282
Edda Society, 79, 80
Egypt, 28, 58, 59
Eichmann, Adolf, 191, 283
Einstein, Albert, 4, 179
Eisenhower, Dwight, 287
electrical weapon, Himmler’s idea for, 282, 283–84
Endres, Hans, 254, 255
England, see Britain
English language, 29, 30, 45
English Patient, The (Ondaatje), 108
Eski-Kermen, 234–35, 236
Essay on the Language and Wisdom of the Indians (Schlegel), 31
Europeans, 28, 29
linguistic investigations into origins of, 29–33, 36
evolution, 134–35, 179
fatherhood and childbearing, 6, 142, 228
Filchner, Wilhelm, 154
Final Solution, 10–11, 247, 323
Finland, 11, 81, 82–83, 91, 302–3
Aryans and, 82, 83, 90, 98, 303
Karelia, 77–78, 83, 84, 85–90, 97–98, 303
music in, 85–87, 88, 89
saunas in, 88, 90
Finnish Literature Society, 84, 89
Fleischhacker, Hans, 253–54, 258, 261, 316–17
Fleming, Ian, 309
Florescu, Grigore, 115
folklore, see myths, legends, and folklore
Forsell, Ola, 85
France, 11, 130
Bohmers in, 129, 131–34
cave paintings in, 131–32, 133, 135–36
in World War II, 193, 211, 222, 276, 277
Frank, Hans, 202, 206–7
Frauenfeld, Alfred, 229, 230, 232
Frederick the Great, 2, 35
Freemasonry, 206
Freikorps, 21
Freytag, Gustav, 314
Frisians, 45, 58, 123, 130
Nazi party and, 123, 124
Frobenius, Leo, 105, 108, 109
Futuwwa, Al-, 117
Gabel, Wilhelm, 258, 260–61, 275, 307
Galke, Bruno, 68, 93
Tibet expedition and, 150, 154, 158
Gangtok, 161, 168, 170
gas chambers, 249, 263, 265–66, 273, 323, 324
gas wagons, 215, 223, 225
Gebrüder Klingspor, 1, 2, 13
Geer, Edmund, 155, 158, 159, 161, 162, 167, 175
Geiger, Wilhelm, 94
Gellhorn, Martha, 291–92
Genghis Khan, 145
Germania (Tacitus), 16, 33
German ancestry, 16
early tribes, 44–45
Himmler’s interest in and ideas on, 16, 24–25, 44, 45
in Mein Kampf, 24–25
religion in, 56
SS education offensive and, 43, 44, 45–46, 50
see also Aryan-Nordic race and culture
German Earth and Stone Works Ltd., 262
Germanien, 88–89, 135, 144
German language, 29, 30, 31, 45
German nationalism and right-wing extremism, 22, 48
ancient legends and, 78–79
Artamanen society, 39–40, 60, 228
Aryan concept and, 28, 32, 33–34, 36; see also Aryan-Nordic race and culture
Asian elite and, 145
back-to-the-land movement and, 39–40
Brøgger on archaeology and, 74–75
Crimea and, 213, 215–18
Freikorps, 21
Hörbiger’s ideas and, 179, 180
National Socialist Freedom Movement, 15, 24
Nazi party, see Nazi party, Nazism
Paleolithic era and, 122, 126
Stoss altar and, 198
Wiligut and, 47
Wirth and, 57
German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft), 139, 154, 158, 185, 188
German Society for the Preservation and Promotion of Research (Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft), 68
Germany
Communists in, 21
denazification tribunals in, 300, 307–8, 309–10, 313, 315
hyperinflation in, 21–22
Nazi, see Nazi Germany
Paleolithic era in, 122, 124–36
Treaty of Versailles and, 20–21, 23
Weimar Republic, 21–22
in World War 1, 20, 23
Gestapo (Secret State Police), 102, 157, 186, 208, 297, 299
in Poland, 193, 194, 243
Giffen, Albert van, 306
Gobi Desert, 150, 154
Goebbels, Joseph, 106–7, 177, 282
racial selection principles and, 42
Stoss altar and, 200
Göring, Emmy, 103
Göring, Herman, 103, 111, 282, 292
Polish treasures and, 201–2, 206, 208, 209
Trautmann and Altheim and, 103, 110, 111, 304, 305
Gorsleben, Rudolf John, 79
Gotengau, 219–20, 221, 235, 236, 311
Goths, 45, 213, 215–18, 219, 221–26, 233–37, 311
Kerch treasure of, 221, 224, 225–26
South Tirolese and, 229
Gould, Basil, 161
grail, 49
Grawitz, Ernst-Robert von, 90
Great Britain, see Britain
Greece, 44–45, 143, 211
Greite, Walter, 191–92, 242
Grobba, Fritz, 117
Grönhagen, Karl von, 81
Grönhagen, Yrjö von, 11, 54, 81–82, 83–85, 91
background of, 81
brought into Ahnenerbe, 84, 90
demotion of, 98
Himmler and, 82, 83, 98, 303
in Karelia, 77, 78, 85–90, 97–98
postwar life of, 302–3
Wiligut and, 84
Günther, Hans F. K., 34–36, 41, 124, 126, 145, 146–47, 149, 167
Beger and, 155, 158–59, 322
Haagen, Niels Eugen, 273
Haas-Heye, Otto Ludwig, 108
Haavio, Martti, 89
Hagen, Anders, 312
Hamburg, 270
Hamy, Ernest Jules, 126
Hancock, Graham, 310
Harmjanz, Heinrich, 202
Haus Atlantis, 61
Haus der Natur, 204–5, 311
Hedin, Sven, 152, 154, 168, 274
Hegel, Georg, 53
Heinrich, Prince of Bavaria, 17, 18, 20
Heisenberg, Werner, 282–83
Heissmeyer, August, 148
Hemingway, Ernest, 291
Henrypierre, Henri, 266–67
Herzog, Rudolf, 53
Hess, Rudolf, 2
Heydrich, Reinhard, 101, 200
Austrian union and, 101, 102
Hielscher, Friedrich, 296–97
hieroglyphs, 58, 59
Himalayas, 11–12, 31, 32, 33, 156, 158, 161, 168, 180
Himmler, Anna Maria Heyder, 17
Himmler, Gebhard, 16–19, 20, 21, 39
Himmler, Gebhard, Jr., 20, 39
Himmler, Heinrich, 1, 15–16, 107, 134, 184, 187, 222, 255, 269, 270, 271, 278, 324, 325
agricultural colonies planned by, 10, 43, 91, 191, 213, 219–20, 228–32
agricultural studies of, 21, 23, 39
Ahnenerbe founded by, 2, 5, 13
Ahnenerbe’s expansion and, 139, 141
Ahnenerbe’s foreign expeditions and, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
Ahnenerbe’s importance to, 3
Altheim and Trautmann and, 104, 110, 112, 120, 304, 305
appointed head of SS, 37–38
arrests ordered by, 43
Artamanen society and, 40, 228
Aryan blood notion of, 5
Aryan divine origin notion of, 150, 151
Asia as interest of, 145, 146–47, 149–50
Austrian union and, 101, 102
birth of, 18
Bohmers and, 128, 129, 134–35, 307
books loved by, 1–2, 24
Bose and, 85
Caucasus and, 251, 256
character of, 15
Crimea and, 12, 213–15, 218–20, 222–24, 229, 232–37, 240
Dachau visits of, 274
electrical weapon idea of, 282, 283–84
farm of, 39, 40
father’s influence on, 16, 18, 19, 21
Final Solution plans of, 10–11, 247
German ancestral past and, 16, 24–25, 44, 45
Grönhagen and, 82, 83, 98, 303
Hegewald headquarters of, 227, 231
Hielscher’s testimony and, 297
Hitler’s fiftieth birthday and, 2
Hitler’s putsch and, 23
Hitler’s relationship with, 44, 66, 281–82, 285, 287
homosexuality as viewed by, 6–7
human evolution as viewed by, 134–35
Iceland expedition and, 189, 190
Jankuhn and, 221–23
Jewish skull collection and, 247–48
Jews as viewed by, 23
Karelia expedition and, 85, 88, 89
Kiss and, 179, 182, 183, 310
marriage of, 38–39, 227
Master Plan East and, 230, 236
Mein Kampf and, 24–25
military career desired by, 20, 21
mistress of, 227–28, 288
mustard gas experiments and, 245
myths and legends as viewed by, 78, 79–81, 91, 282
as National Socialist Freedom Movement organizer, 15, 24
Nazi party joined by, 23
Nordic academy planned by, 46, 48
physical appearance and capabilities of, 15, 19–20, 41–42
Poland and, 12, 193, 194, 195, 196, 197, 200, 201, 207–8
as police head, 44, 95, 140, 281
power of, 281–82
project ideas of, 121
racial selection principles and, 42, 55, 191, 275
and racial studies of Jews, 191, 192, 240–41
Rascher and, 294
as Reich Commissioner for the Strengthening of the German Race, 218
religion and, 56, 78, 84
Scandinavian expedition and, 65, 66–67, 68, 69–70, 73–74, 75
Schäfer and, 148–50, 151, 274, 275–76, 307, 308
Schäfer’s Tibetan expedition and, 153, 154, 158, 159–61, 168, 175, 176, 307
skeleton collection and, 276–77
SS accounting practices and, 140–41
SS education offensive and, 43, 44, 45–46, 50, 66
SS transformed by, 37–38
sterilization techniques and, 264
Stoss altar and, 200
suicide of, 290
Vosges Mountains and, 262
at war’s end, 285, 287, 288–90
Wiligut and, 48–49, 83–84
Wirth and, 55, 62, 92, 93
Wüst and, 95–96, 97, 98, 122, 145, 314
youth of, 19–20
Himmler, Margarete Boden, 38–39, 40, 89, 227
Hindenburg, Paul von, 43
Hindus, 95, 145
Hiroshi, Oshima, 145
Hirt, August, 294–95, 324
background of, 244–45
Beger and, 244, 315, 316, 323
Jewish Skeleton Collection and, 244, 245–51, 263–64, 266–67, 273, 276–77, 278–79, 325
mustard gas experiments of, 245, 262–63, 294, 314
suicide of, 295
Hitler, Adolf, 36, 65, 102, 111, 113, 139, 140, 177, 207, 218, 222, 224, 278, 292
agricultural settlements and, 230–31
Ahnenerbe as viewed by, 66, 91–92, 139, 146–47, 176
appointed chancellor, 43
Aryans as viewed by, 3–4, 5, 25, 44–45
atomic bomb and, 283
Austrian union and, 99–101, 141
Caucasus and, 255–56
Crimea and, 212–15, 218, 229, 236
Czechoslovakia and, 102, 130, 174
following attracted by, 22–23
Germanic prehistory as viewed by, 44–45, 66
gifts for, 2, 66, 182
Günther and, 146–47
Himmler’s relationship with, 44, 66, 281–82, 285, 287
Hörbiger’s ideas and, 180
Japan and, 157
Jews as viewed by, 4, 23, 240
Mein Kampf, 24–25, 46, 117, 142, 228, 298
mustard gas and, 245
myths as viewed by, 79, 92, 93
Nordic leadership qualities and, 183, 184
Poland and, 174, 177, 193–95
putsch and imprisonment of, 23, 24
racial ideas of, 3–4, 27–28
racial selection principles and, 42, 191
respect desired by, 3
Reting Rimpoche and, 176
SS and, 1, 37, 38
South Tirolese and, 229–30
Soviet Union and, 157, 177–78, 211–15, 218
sports as viewed by, 142, 227
Stoss altar and, 200
suicide of, 287
Syrians’ view of, 116
Wirth compared with, 62
Wirth denounced by, 91–92
Wolfschanze stronghold of, 211, 230, 256, 309
at war’s end, 285, 287, 288
Hitler Youth, 117, 142, 182, 206
Hitzinger, Heinrich, 288
Hofmann, Otto, 155
Höhne, Rolf, 124–25
Holocaust, 134
Ahnenerbe’s role in, 5, 10–11, 325
Holtzmann, Zina von, 81
Holy Grail, 49
homosexuals, 6–7, 189
Hooton, Earnest, 186
Hörbiger, Hans, 179–80, 182
horses, 188
Huth, Otto, 185–87, 195
Huxley, Julian, 59
Ibn Saud, Abd al-Aziz, 118
Ice Age, 129, 131, 175
Iceland, 45, 79, 179, 187–88, 196
Schweizer’s planned trip to, 187, 188–90, 195, 222
ideograms, 65, 72
IG Farben, 154
India, 29, 31, 33, 93, 95, 96, 146, 175, 309
Rig Veda, 94, 95–96
Sanskrit language of, 30–31, 32, 94
Schäfer in, 157–58, 159–61
Institute for Military Scientific Research, 248, 294, 307, 313, 314
intelligence operations, 101, 102, 103–4, 106, 112
of Altheim and Trautmann, 112, 115, 116, 119–20, 304, 305
Bohmers and, 129–30
Iran, 95, 96, 116
Wüst’s planned expeditions to, 183–85, 195, 251
Iraq, 11, 103, 104, 117, 118, 120, 304
Islam, Muslims, 12, 116, 217, 240, 253
Italy, 44, 110, 229
rock carvings in, 109, 110
in World War II, 213, 269
Jacques, James H., 115–16
Jankuhn, Dieter, 313
Jankuhn, Herbert, 7, 12, 189, 221–26, 233, 235
postwar life of, 311–13
Japan, 145, 146, 213, 222
China and, 157
German pact with, 157
Japhet, 28–29
Jazdzewski, Konrad, 203–4
Jewish Skeleton Collection, 12, 249–51, 257–67, 273, 275–79, 293–95, 311, 313, 315–16, 322–23, 325
skulls for, 242–44, 246–48, 249, 275, 316
Jews, 28, 112, 291–92
Artamanen and, 39–40
“Aryanized” homes of, 138–39, 191
Austrian union and, 99
Christianity and, 56
in concentration camps, see concentration camps
in Crimea, 12, 214–15
difficulties in defining, 12, 239–41, 242, 247, 252–53
emigration office and, 191
Final Solution and, 10–11, 247, 323
Himmler’s views on, 23
Hitler’s views on, 4, 23
intellectual contributions of, 4
Mountain, 252–53, 307
Muslims and, 12, 116, 240, 253
Nuremberg Laws and, 82, 242, 292
Palestine and, 116, 118
racial mixing and, 12, 178, 191, 247, 264
racial studies of, 12, 190–92, 239–56
right-wing extremism and, 22
Soviet, 239, 240, 242, 246, 249
viewed as germs, 4, 11, 240
Jodl, Alfred, 211
Jones, William, 29–30
Jordan, Julius, 117
Jordan, Wilhelm, 49, 50
Kaltenbrunner, Ernst, 292
kantele, 87, 89, 91
Karaites, 240
Karelia, 77–78, 83, 84, 85–90, 97–98, 303
Karl, Erich, 155–56
Kater, Michael, 8–9, 312–13
Kalevala, The (Lönnrot), 78, 81, 82, 83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 90, 303
Kerch treasure, 221, 224, 225–26
Kersten, Felix, 219, 220, 230–31, 232, 283–84
Kersten, Karl, 222–23, 224, 233–35, 236, 237
Kiss, Edmund:
Andes expedition planned by, 178–83, 195, 309
Hörbigerand, 179, 180
physical appearance and character of, 179
postwar life of, 309–10
Klingspor, Karl, 1
Kottenrodt, Wilhelm, 65–66, 68
Kraków, 194, 200–201, 202, 207
Veit Stoss altar in, 197–200, 311
Kramer, Josef, 265–66
Krause, Ernst, 155, 158, 159, 162, 172–73, 175
Krimchaks, 240
Lake Titicaca, 180, 183
language studies, 29–33, 36
Lartet, Louis, 125
Lautmann, Rüdiger, 7
Lawrence, T. E., 112
Leer, Gesine von, 55
Leer, Johann von, 55
legends, see myths, legends, and folklore
Lehmann, Julius, 34
Leningrad, 212, 219
Leopold III, 308
Leube, Achim, 8, 311
Lhasa, 168, 170–73, 176, 321
libraries, Polish, 205–6, 208, 209
Libya, 108, 182
Liebel, Willy, 200
Lipitsä, Timo, 86, 88, 89, 90
Lithuania, 212, 219
Loewi, Otto, 4
Loibl, Anton, 140
Lönnrot, Elias, 78, 84
The Kalevala, 78, 81, 82, 83, 84, 86, 87, 88, 90, 303
Lord of the Rings, The (Tolkien), 79
Ludwig-Maximilian University, 93, 94, 96
Lupescu, Madame, 114, 115
Macher, Heinz, 285–86
Mai, Wilhelm, 201
Maikop, 224–25, 226, 251
Manchuria, 157
Manhup-Kale, 224, 235, 236
Manstein, Erich von, 213–14, 215, 220–21, 233
Masons, 206
Mauern caves, 124, 125–29, 130, 131, 132, 306
medical experiments, see concentration camps, medical experiments in
medicine, 248
Mein Kampf (Hitler), 24–25, 46, 117, 142, 228, 298
Mengele, Josef, 254, 322
Menzel, Adolf von, 2
Merhart, Gero von, 61
Mesopotamia, 58, 59
Meyer, Konrad, 218, 219
Middle East, 28, 56, 102, 251
Altheim and Trautmann in, 102, 103, 115–20
map of, 100
Miron-Aku, 87–88, 90
Mittersill, 274–76, 279, 307, 309, 315
Mollison, Theodor, 254, 322
Montgomery, Bernard, 289
Mountain Jews, 252–53, 307
Mühlmann, Kajetan, 201–2, 206
mummies, peat bog, 6–7, 189
Munich, 22, 284
Murphy, Michael, 289
music, 85, 89–90
Finnish, 85–87, 88, 89
Muslims, Islam, 12, 116, 217, 240, 253
Mussolini, Benito, 229, 269
mustard gas, 245, 262–63, 273, 294, 314
myths, legends and folklore, 78–90, 93, 121
Aryan religion and, 56, 78, 79
Eastern literature and, 94
Edda, 18, 79, 80, 81, 282
Himmler’s interest in, 78, 79–81, 91
Hitler’s view of, 79, 92, 93
of Karelia, 77–78, 83, 84, 85–90
Nibelungenlied, 18, 78–79, 80, 81
National Socialist Freedom Movement, 15, 24
Natzweiler, 249, 251, 262–67, 272, 273, 276, 277, 278, 293, 294, 295, 316, 317, 323
Nazi Germany (Third Reich), 291–92, 324
Austria absorbed into, 99–102, 141
Czechoslovakia and, 102, 130
foreign exchange and, 111
Iraq and, 117
oil supplies for, 103
Soviet pact with, 177–78
universities in, 96
Nazi party (National Socialist German Workers’ Party), Nazism, 22, 113
Altheim and, 104, 105–6, 110, 112
arrests of members of, 299
Artamanen and, 40
banning of, 15, 23, 24
continued sympathy for, 299, 316
denazification tribunals and, 300, 307–8, 309–10, 313, 315
Frisians and, 123, 124
Himmler’s joining of, 23
Hitler’s fiftieth birthday and, 2
in Middle East, 117, 118, 119, 120
Nuremberg rallies of, 91–92, 117, 292, 296
religion and, 56
rise to power, 43
scholarship and, 96, 98
Völkischer Beobachter newspaper of, 37, 56, 144, 159, 313
war crimes of, see war crimes
Wüst’s joining of, 94
Neandertal, 125–26, 127, 128, 129, 131, 134, 205
Near East, 4
Nehring, Johann von, 107
Nehring, Walther, 107
Nibelungenlied, 18, 78–79, 80, 81
Nicolai, Friedrich, 53
Nordic race, see Aryan-Nordic race and culture
Normandy, 276, 291
Norse gods, 18, 80
Thor, 18, 46, 47, 66, 80–81, 282
Norse sagas, 46, 196, 282
Edda, 18, 79, 80, 81, 282
Norway, 67, 73, 74, 75, 77, 211, 217, 222, 312 map of, 64
Nuremberg, 200
Nazi rallies in, 91–92, 117, 292, 296
Nuremberg Laws, 82, 242
Nuremberg Trials, 292–93, 294, 295–98, 299, 313
Ohlendorf, Otto, 240
oil supplies, 103, 119, 251, 304
Ondaatje, Michael, 108
Operation Barbarossa, 12, 211–12
Operation Gomorrah, 270
Operation Leatherstocking, 236
Oseberg, Werner, 284
Oslo, 74, 75
Otto, Walter, 105
Paleolithic era, 122, 124–36, 307, 314
Palestine, 116, 118
Parsons, James, 28–29
Paulsen, Peter, 12, 196–97, 198–207, 311
peat bogs, preserved bodies in, 6–7, 189
Persia, 29, 117, 119, 183
Petersen, Ernst, 197, 201, 203–4, 208–9
plaster casts, 169–70, 258, 260–61, 307
Poland, 107, 135, 174, 177, 178, 193–95, 217, 219, 243, 248, 253
General Government in, 194–95, 202, 206
plunder of, 12, 195–209, 293, 310, 311
Posnansky, Arthur, 180–81
Potthast, Hedwig, 227–28, 288
race(s), 205
Bose’s ideas on music and, 85
concept of, 27
cranial traits as markers of, 166–67
environment and, 35, 166
fossil humans and, 126
Günther’s ideas on, 34–36, 41
Hitler’s ideas on, 3–4, 27–28
Japanese ideas on, 157
mixing of, 5, 12, 165, 169, 175, 178, 191, 247, 264, 320
United Nations study on, 319–20
racial studies (Rassenkunde), 34, 126, 187, 192, 319–20
of Beger, 155, 158, 163, 165–67, 169, 170, 172, 175, 241, 251–56, 257–65, 275, 320, 322
of Boas, 166–67
to define Jewishness, 12, 190–92, 239–56
of Günther, 34–36, 41, 124, 126, 145, 146–47, 149, 167
plaster casts used in, 169–70, 258, 260–61, 307
Schäfer and, 149
Rahn, Otto, 49
Rancho Grande, 308
Rascher, Nini, 294
Rascher, Sigmund, 241–42, 248, 272–73, 294
Rasse und Nation (“Race and Nation”) (Chamberlain), 23
Rawlinson, Henry, 184
Reich Agricultural Organization, 139
Reich Main Security Administration, 197, 199, 200, 202, 207
religion:
Asian, 95, 96
Christian, 56, 72, 84, 92, 186, 188, 217
religion, Aryan-Nordic, 84, 185
ancient myths and, 56, 78, 79
Himmler’s ideas on, 56, 78, 84
Norse gods, 18, 46, 47, 66, 80–81
Wirth’s ideas on, 72, 84, 95
Reting Rimpoche, 170, 172, 176
Ribbentrop, Joachim von, 159, 292
Rig Veda, 94, 95–96
right-wing extremism, see German nationalism and right-wing extremism
Ring des Nibelungen, Der (Wagner), 2, 18
rock art:
in France, 131–32, 133, 135–36
in Italy, 109, 110
in Scandinavia, 62, 63–67, 69–75, 90, 95, 97, 110, 138, 301–2
Rock Carvings and Cult Practices (Almgren), 71
Rødøya, 75
Roman Empire, 11, 44–45, 66, 102–3, 109, 110–11, 117, 119, 143
Dacians and, 113
Goths and, 217, 235
Nordic people and, 109–10
Tacitus and, 16
Romania, 103, 112–15, 304
Roselius, Ludwig, 61, 91
Rübel, Heinrich, 253–54, 263
runes, 49, 54, 59
RuSHA (Race and Settlement Office of the SS), 41–42, 141, 196, 219, 239, 247, 253–54
Beger at, 155, 242, 244
Bose at, 85
Darré as head of, 41, 45, 50, 139
education offensive of, 44, 45–46
Wiligut at, 49, 97
Wirth at, 62
Rutot, Aimé, 128–29, 131
SA (Storm Detachment; Sturmabteilung), 37, 186
Sanden, Wijnand van der, 6
Sandomierz, 199
Sanskrit, 30–31, 32, 94
Rig Veda, 94, 95–96
saunas, 88, 90
Saurat, Denis, 310
Scandinavia, 31, 32, 217
Ahnenerbe expedition to, 62, 66–75
Iceland and, 187–88, 189–90
map of, 64
rock carvings in, 62, 63–67, 69–75, 90, 95, 97, 110, 138, 301–2
skull studies and, 166
see also Norway; Sweden
Schäfer, Ernst, 147–62, 220, 260, 324
background of, 152
Caucasus mission of, 12, 251–56, 307, 324–25
Himmler and, 148–50, 151, 274, 275–76, 307, 308
at Mittersill castle, 270, 274, 275–76, 307, 309
physical appearance and character of, 11, 151–52, 161
postwar life of, 307–9
in Tibet, 8, 11–12, 144, 147, 149, 150–51, 153–63, 165–76, 178, 307
Wiligut and, 150–51
Schäfer, Herta Volz, 154, 156
Schäfer, Ursula, 275, 276
Schirach, Baldur von, 117
Schlagintweit brothers, 169
Schlegel, Dorothea, 32
Schlegel, Friedrich, 31–32
Schleif, Hans, 202, 203, 204, 207, 208
Schliemann, Heinrich, 45
Schmidt, R. R., 124, 127
Schmitz, Gisela, 316
Scholtz, Walter, 255
Schuschnigg, Kurt von, 101–2
Schweizer, Bruno, 187
Iceland trip planned by, 187, 188–90, 195, 222
Jankuhn and, 222
scientific and historical scholarship
lack of support for German master race idea in, 4
Nazi versions of, 96, 98
on origins of writing, 58–59
Scythians, 225
SD (Security Service; Sicherheitsdienst), 43, 101, 104, 106, 222, 269
unpaid agents for, 101
Wüst as agent for, 93, 94, 112
Seefeld, Wolf von, 222–23, 224, 225, 226
Selvester, Tom, 289
Semitic peoples, 28, 118
Serbia, 11
Sevastopol, 213–14, 215, 218, 220–21, 226, 233, 236
sexual practices, 121
Sievers, Wolfram, 11, 67–68, 97, 178, 190, 228, 316, 317, 323
Ahnenerbe files and, 293
Altheim and Trautmann and, 102, 110, 120
background of, 68
Bohmers and, 129, 130, 135, 306
capture of, 294
execution of, 298
Hielscher and, 296–97
Huth’s Canary Islands trip and, 185, 187, 195
importance of, 178
Kiss’s Andes trip and, 182, 183, 195
and medical experiments and skeleton collection, 241–42, 244, 246, 248–50, 261–63, 270, 272, 274, 276–79, 294, 295, 313
Nuremberg trials and, 294, 295, 296, 297, 298
Polish plunder and, 195–97, 200–202, 206–9
racial studies and, 190, 191, 192
Scandinavian expedition and, 67, 68, 69–70
Schweizer’s Iceland trip and, 187, 190, 195
Soviet Union and, 221, 224, 226
Tibet expedition and, 150, 154, 158
at Waischenfeld, 270, 271–72, 278, 279, 293–94
Wirth and, 68, 297, 301
Wüst and, 94–95, 97, 185, 195, 313, 314
Sikkim, 161, 165, 167–68, 172
Simferopol, 214–15, 219, 225, 226, 233, 236
Six, Franz, 197, 202, 205
skeleton collection, see Jewish Skeleton Collection
South Tirol, 229–30
Soviet Union, 157, 211–26, 229, 230, 231, 252, 284–85, 304
Caucasus, 12, 233, 240–41, 242, 251–56, 293, 307, 324–25
ethnic groups in, 239, 240–41, 242
Crimea, see Crimea
Germany’s pact with, 177–78
Jews of, 239, 240, 242, 246, 249
Poland and, 195
Special Command K, 251, 255, 256
Speer, Albert, 66, 283
Spengler, Oswald, 102
Sponeck, Hans von, 215
sports, 142, 227
SS (Security Squad; Schutzstaffel), 1, 98, 299
accounting practices of, 140–41
agricultural colonies for, see agricultural colonies
Ahnenerbe’s importance in, 3
bathing and, 90
Beger’s joining of, 155
education offensive in, 43, 44, 45–46, 50, 66
fatherhood and, 6, 142, 228
Genghis Khan and, 145
Himmler appointed head of, 37–38
Himmler’s transformation of, 37–38
homosexuality as threat to, 6
killing squads of, 12, 194, 214–15, 223, 224–25, 240, 252
Nordic academy for, 46, 48–50, 80, 206, 285–87
Race and Settlement Office of, see RuSHA
in rebuilding of Aryan race and culture, 10–11, 38, 40, 41–42, 46, 50, 141–43; see also agricultural colonies
Reich Main Security Administration, 197, 199, 200, 202, 207
Schäfer in, 148
Security Service of, see SD
sexual practices and, 121
uniforms of, 42
universities and, 96
Wiligut brought into, 48–49
Wirth’s finances and, 67, 93
Stalin, Joseph, 177
Stalingrad, 255–56
Stark, Johannes, 68
Steiner, Felix, 223–24
Steinhaus, 270–72, 274, 278, 279, 293–94
sterilization techniques, 264
Stiehl, Ruth, 305
Stoss, Veit (Wit Stwosz), 197–98, 199
altar of, 197–200, 311
Strassburg, 276, 277, 278, 316
Strasser, Gregor, 24
Strauss, Emil Georgvon, 139
Streicher, Julius, 292, 296
Sudetenland, 102, 130, 141
Sun Gate of Tiwanaku, The (Kiss), 182
Suprasl Codex, 206
swastika, 66, 171, 173
Sweden, 11, 63, 217
Bohuslän, 62, 63–66, 64, 67–72, 95, 301–2
map of, 64
Syria, 104, 116, 117
Tacitus, 16, 33, 82–83
tattoos, 255, 258, 267, 277
Taylor, Telford, 295–96
Thaerigen, Günther, 202, 203, 204
Thing; Thingplatz, 142, 189, 219–20
Thor, 18, 46, 47, 80
hammer of, 80–81, 282
swastika and, 66
Tibet, 152, 180, 309
Beger’s work in, 11, 155, 158–59, 162–63, 165–67, 169–73, 175, 254, 258, 274–75, 311, 320, 321, 322
map of, 160
Schäfer in, 8, 11–12, 144, 147, 149, 150–51, 153–63, 165–76, 178, 307
swastika and, 171, 173
Tiwanaku, 178–79, 180–82, 309, 310
Tolkien, J.R.R., 79
Tratz, Eduard, 201, 204–5, 311
Trautmann, Bernhard, 108, 109
Trautmann, Erika, 11, 102, 103–4, 106–11, 135
on Ahnenerbe expedition, 102 103, 111–20
Ahnenerbe joined by, 110
background of, 107–9
intelligence work of, 112, 115, 116, 119–20, 304
postwar life of, 304–5
Treaty of Locarno, 65
Treaty of Versailles, 20–21, 23
Trojan, Rudolf, 254, 275
Tsarong Dzasa, 171
Ukraine, 212, 219, 227, 231–32
Unverzagt, Wilhelm, 45
Val Camonica, 109, 110
Vareschi, Volkmar, 315
Vaufrey, Raymond, 131
Vedas, 94, 95–96
Vienna, 99, 102
Vilkuna, Kustaa, 303
Völkischer Beobachter, 37, 56, 144, 159, 313
Vornanen, Hannes, 86–87
Vosges Mountains, 262
Voss, Hermann, 243
Vries, Oebele, 307
Wagner, Richard, 2, 18, 23
Waischenfeld, Steinhaus at, 270–72, 274, 278, 279, 293–94
war crimes, 9, 276–79, 288, 293–94, 300, 316
Central Office and, 314, 315–16
Nuremberg trials and, 292–93, 294, 295–98, 299, 313
Warsaw, 12, 194, 201, 202–7, 311
Wastl, Josef, 243
Waterbolk, Tjalling, 307
We Europeans (Huxley), 59
Wehrmacht, 178, 195, 209, 212, 213, 214, 246, 251, 269, 275, 308
Weigold, Hugo, 152
Weimar Republic, 21–22
Wewelsburg, Nordic academy at, 46, 48–50, 80, 206
destruction of, 285–87
Wienert, Karl, 154, 158, 159, 162
Wilhelm II, 19, 20, 105
Wiligut, Karl–Maria, 46–49, 55, 89, 97, 286
background of, 46–47
brought into SS, 48–49
Grönhagen and, 84
Himmler and, 48–49, 83–84
psychiatric problems of, 47, 83–84
Schäfer and, 150–51
Wirth, Herman, 11, 50, 54–58, 59–60, 110, 138, 149
as Ahnenerbe president, 51, 54, 62
background of, 57–58
debts of, 67, 93
Haus Atlantis for, 61
Himmler and, 55, 62, 92, 93
Hitler’s denunciation of, 91–92
Huth and, 185, 186
Nordic civilization and, 57–58, 59, 60–62, 71–72, 75, 84, 92
Nordic religion and, 72, 84, 95
Nordic writing and, 54, 56, 58, 59, 62, 65–66, 71–72
physical appearance and character of, 54, 55, 60, 70
postwar life of, 300–302
in Scandinavia, 65–75
Wirth, Herman (continued)
Sievers and, 68, 297, 301
silencing of, 92–93, 98
Wirth, Margarethe Schmitt, 57, 59, 60, 67
Wittelsbach family, 17
Wolff, Helen (Madame Lupescu), 114, 115
Wolff, Karl, 176
Wolff, Wolf–Dietrich, 250, 263, 293, 316, 317
women, 42, 59, 92, 106–7
wooly mammoth, 124, 125, 127
World Ice Theory, 179–80, 182, 310
World War I, 20, 23, 107, 139, 179, 229
mustard gas in, 245
Wirth and, 57–58
World War II, 281
agricultural settlement plans and, 231, 232
Ahnenerbe and, 12, 195, 241, 270
Allied forces in, 222, 269, 276, 282, 283, 284, 285, 287, 288, 291, 292, 299
end of, 285, 287–88
Himmler’s electrical weapon idea and, 282, 283–84
outbreak of, 193–94, 195
U.S. in, 213, 222, 269, 276, 285, 291
writing, 4, 11
Nordic, Wirth’s ideas on, 54, 56, 58, 59, 62, 65–66, 71–72
origins of, 58–59
runic, 49, 54, 59
Wüst, Bertha Schmid, 94
Wüst, Walther, 11, 93–98, 121–22, 138, 182, 187, 191, 270, 272, 324, 325
Altheim and Trautmann’s expedition and, 102, 111–12
appointed president of Ahnenerbe, 93, 96, 97, 98, 137
background of, 94
Himmler and, 95–96, 97, 98, 122, 145, 314
Institute for Military Scientific Research and, 248, 313, 314
Iran expeditions planned by, 183–85, 195, 251
Nuremberg trials and, 294, 295
physical appearance and character of, 93
Polish libraries and, 206
postwar life of, 313–15
Schäfer and, 158, 307
Sievers and, 94–95, 97, 185, 195, 313, 314
Yawar, Adjil el, 117–19, 120