1. Gorgias was a famous Sicilian ‘sophist’, who paid a visit to Athens in 427. Dēmiourgos was the Greek word for ‘workman’, and, in some states including apparently Larissa, for a certain type of public official; and the word ‘Larissaean’ was used to describe both a citizen of Larissa and a kind of pot made there. Gorgias’ point is that to be ‘made’ a Larissaean (citizen) by a ‘workman’ (official) is a perfectly good criterion of citizenship.

2. At the end of III i.

3. Thus making them citizens, in 510. (I omit metoikous from the text, as a gloss on xenous.)