1. I.e. from polity and the aristocracies mentioned. The reference is perhaps to III vii, where polity is briefly described; cf. II vi, 1265b26.

2. Mē aristokratoumenē, ‘run not as an aristocracy (aristos = ‘best man’), but ponērokratoumenē, ‘run by the bad’ (ponēroi, i.e. oligarchs).