3. Offices, in effect. Phalaris, tyrant of Agrigentum in S.W. Sicily, c. 570–c. 554, was noted for his brazen bull in which he roasted victims alive.

4. Tyrant of Athens 561–527, with intermissions. For Cypselus, see V xi, n. 5.

5. Dionysius I, tyrant of Syracuse from 405 to 367.

6. An early, perhaps legendary, king of Athens. Learning that the Dorians would defeat Athens if he survived, he gave his life to save his city.

7. Cyrus freed Persia from the Medes in the mid sixth century.

8. E.g. III vii ad fin.

9. To kalon.