Publication of the Sources of the Babylonian Epic

COMPREHENSIVE EDITIONS
  1. George Smith, The Chaldean Account of Genesis (London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle and Rivington, 1876), pp. 167–295. Translation
  2. Paul Haupt, Das babylonische Nimrodepos (Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1884 and 1891). Cuneiform text
  3. P. Jensen, Assyrisch-babylonische Mythen und Epen (Berlin: Keilinschriftliche Bibliothek 6/1; Reuther and Reichard, 1900; reprinted Amsterdam: Celibus, 1970), pp. 116—265. Edition and translation
  4. R. Campbell Thompson, The Epic of Gilgamish (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1930; reprinted New York: AMS Press, 1995). Cuneiform text and edition
  5. A. R. George: The Babylonian Gilgameš Epic (Oxford: Oxford University Press, in preparation). Cuneiform text, edition, translation and commentary
STUDENT READER
  1. Simo Parpola: The Standard Babylonian Epic of Gilgamesh (State Archives of Assyria Cuneiform Texts 1; Helsinki: Neo-Assyrian Text Corpus Project, 1997). Standardized composite cuneiform text, transliteration, glossary

The following is a list of publications of tablets and fragments that have been identified since 1930 as sources for the Babylonian epic – in other words, pieces that were not included when the sources for the epic were last collected in one book. Except where otherwise identified, all are manuscripts of the standard version. References are in chronological order, and usually to places of first publication only.

  1. Erich Ebeling, Keilschrifttexte aus Assur religiösen Inhalts 2 (Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 34; Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs, 1923), nos. 319–20
  2. Adam Falkenstein, Literarische Keilschrifttexte aus Uruk (Berlin: Staatlichen Museen Vorderasiatische Abteilung, 1931), nos. 39–40
  3. Ernst F. Weidner, ‘Ein neues Bruchstück der XII. Tafel des Gilgameš-Epos’, Archiv für Orientforschung 10 (Graz: Selbstverlag Weidner, 1936), pp. 363–65
  4. Alexander Heidel, ‘A Neo-Babylonian Gilgamesh fragment’, Journal of Near Eastern Studies 11 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1952), pp. 140–43
  5. O. R. Gurney, ‘Two fragments of the Epic of Gilgamesh from Sultantepe’, Journal of Cuneiform Studies 8 (New Haven, Conn.: American Schools of Oriental Research, 1954), pp. 87–95; also in idem and J. J. Finkelstein, The Sultantepe Tablets 1 (London: British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara, 1957), nos. 14–15
  6. Theo Bauer, ‘Ein viertes altbabylonisches Fragment des Gilgamesch-Epos’, Journal of Near Eastern Studies 16 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957), pp. 254–72; recopied by Samuel Greengus, Old Babylonian Tablets from Ishchali and Vicinity (Istanbul: Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut, 1979), no. 277. The Ishchali tablet
  7. J. J. A. van Dijk: ‘Textes divers du musée de Baghdad, II’, Sumer 13 (Baghdad: Directorate-General of Antiquities, 1957), Pl. 12; also in idem, Cuneiform Texts of Varying Content (Texts in the Iraq Museum 9; Leiden: Brill, 1976), no. 43. Tell Harmal tablet Ha1
  8. J. J. A. van Dijk: ‘Textes divers du musée de Bagdad III’, Sumer 15 (Baghdad, 1959), Pls. 3–4, 13–15; also in idfem, Cuneiform Texts of Varying Content (TIM 9), no. 45. Tell Harmal tablet Ha2
  9. A. Goetze and S. Levy, ‘Fragment of the Gilgamesh epic from Megiddo’, ‘Atiqot 2 (Jerusalem: Department of Antiquities, 1959), pp. 121–28. The Megiddo tablet
  10. R. Frankena, ‘Nouveaux fragments de la sixième tablette de l’Épopée de Gilgameš’, in P. Garelli (ed.), Gilgameš et sa légende (Paris: Klincksieck, 1960), pp. 113–22
  11. W. G. Lambert, ‘Gilgameš in religious, historical and omen texts and the historicity of Gilgameš. Appendix’, in Garelli, Gilgameš et sa légende, pp. 52–55
  12. D. J. Wiseman, ‘Additional Neo-Babylonian Gilgamesh fragments’, in Garelli, Gilgameš et sa légende, pp. 123–35
  13. A. R. Millard, ‘Gilgamesh X: a new fragment’, Iraq 26 (London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq, 1964), pp. 99–105. Part of the Old Babylonian tablet reportedly from Sippar
  14. W. G. Lambert and A. R. Millard, Babylonian Literary Texts (Cuneiform Texts from Babylonian Tablets 46; London: British Museum, 1965), nos. 16–35
  15. C. J. Gadd and S. N. Kramer, Literary and Religious Texts, Second Part (Ur Excavations Texts 6/2; London: British Museum, Philadelphia: University Museum, 1966), no. 394; also Gadd, ‘Some contributions to the Gilgamesh epic’, Iraq 28 (London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq, 1966), pp. 105–21. The Ur tablet
  16. Benno Landsberger, ‘Zur vierten und siebenten Tafel des Gilgamesch-Epos’, Revue d’assyriologie et d’archéologie orientale 62 (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1968), pp. 128–30. Transliteration of British Museum tablet WAK 9196 (standard version)
  17. Egbert von Weiher, ‘Ein Fragment des Gilgameš-Epos aus Uruk’, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archaëologie 62 (Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1972), pp. 222–29; also in idem, Spätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk 2 (Ausgrabungen der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft in Uruk-Warka 10; Berlin: Gebr. Mann, 1983), no. 30
  18. D. J. Wiseman, ‘A Gilgamesh epic fragment from Nimrud’, Iraq 37 (London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq, 1975), pp. 157–61; also in idem and J. A. Black, Literary Texts from the Temple of Nabû (Cuneiform Texts from Nimrud 4; London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq, 1996), no. 199
  19. J. van Dijk, Cuneiform Texts of Varying Content (Texts in the Iraq Museum 9; Leiden: Brill, 1976), no. 46. A tablet in Baghdad, of unknown provenance
  20. Egbert von Weiher, ‘Ein Fragment der 5. Tafel des Gilgameš-Epos aus Uruk’, Baghdader Mitteilungen 11 (Berlin: Gebr. Mann, 1980), pp. 90–105; also in idem, Spätbabylonische Texte aus Uruk 3 (ADFU 12; Berlin: Gebr. Mann, 1988), no. 59
  21. Jeffrey H. Tigay, The Evolution of the Gilgamesh Epic (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1982), pp. 266–67, 297. The Nippur exercise tablet
  22. Irving L. Finkel, ‘Necromancy in ancient Mesopotamia. Appendix’, Archiv für Orientforschung 29–30 (Horn: Ferdinand Berger, 1984), pp. 16–17
  23. R. Borger, ‘Einige Texte religiösen Inhalts IV. Ein neues Gilgameš-Fragment’, Orientalia 54 (Rome: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1985), pp. 25–26
  24. Daniel Arnaud, Recherches au pays d’Aštata. Emar VI. 1–4 (Paris: Éditions Recherche sur les Civilisations, 1985–87), Nos. 781–82. The fragments from Emar
  25. Jan van Dijk, Literarische Texte aus Babylon (Vorderasiatische Schriftdenk-mäler der Staatlichen Museen 24; Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1987), nos. 95–96
  26. Gernot Wilhelm, ‘Neue akkadische Gilgameš-Fragmente aus Hattusa’, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie … 78 (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1988), pp. 99–121; also in Heinrich Otten and Christel Rüster, Die hurritisch-hethitische Bilingue und weitere Texte aus der Oberstadt (Keilschrifttexte aus Boghazköi 32; Berlin: Gebr. Mann, 1990), nos. 128–33. The fragments from Hattusa, Bo1
  27. Egbert von Weiher, Uruk. Spätbabylonische Texte aus dem Planquadrat U 18 (Ausgrabungen in Uruk-Warka Endberichte 12; Mainz: Philipp von Zabern, 1993), nos. 122–24
  28. D. J. Wiseman and J. A. Black, Literary Texts from the Temple of Nabû (Cuneiform Texts from Nimrud 4; London: British School of Archaeology in Iraq, 1996), no. 153
  29. T. Kwasman, ‘A new join to the Epic of Gilgameš Tablet I’, Nouvelles Assyriologiques Brèves et Utilitaires 1998 (Paris: Société pour l’Étude du Proche-Orient Ancien), no. 99
  30. A. Cavigneaux and J. Renger, ‘Ein altbabylonischer Gilgameš-Text aus Nippur’, forthcoming 1999. Translations in French and German are already published. The Nippur school tablet