To begin, I want to clarify something specific for the people who have been using Autodesk® AutoCAD® Architecture software: you don't need to tag an item in order for it to appear in a schedule in the Autodesk® Revit® platform. You can't just draft a schedule either. But this isn't a bad situation to be in. Say, for example, that you have a typical door schedule. Wouldn't it be nice to add a door to the model and have that door automatically show up in the schedule?
This chapter covers the following topics:
Revit allows you to schedule an item instantly based on a database. A door, for example, already has most of the information you need built into it. Didn't it seem funny that when you placed a door in the model, it was automatically tagged with a sequential door number? This is the power of BIM. We're now going beyond 3D.
Schedules don't stop at doors and windows in Revit. You can schedule almost any item that goes into the model. Along with schedules comes the ability to quantify materials and areas. You can even create a schedule for the sole purpose of changing items in the model. In Revit, it's always a two‐way street.
The first topic we'll tackle is creating the most common of the schedules in architecture: the door schedule. When you get this procedure down, you'll be off and running.
The good news is that you have most of the information you need to create a multitude of schedules. The bad news is that Revit‐produced schedules may not look like your company's schedules at all. Before we go further, it's important to note that some of you will be able to get a perfect duplication of your company's standard schedules; some of you won't. Those of you who don't will have to get as close as possible to your standards and, at that point, know that sometimes the cost of doing BIM isn't in the pocket but at the plotter.
Given that, let's get started. I think you'll find that creating and using schedules is a wonderful experience. You're about to learn how to save hours upon hours of work, all the while maintaining 100 percent accuracy.
To begin, open the file on which you've been following along. If you didn't complete the previous chapter, go to the book's web page at www.wiley.com/go/revit2020ner
. From there, you can browse to the Chapter
16 folder and find the file called NER‐16.rvt
. The following procedure focuses on creating a door schedule. Grab a cup of coffee or power drink, and follow along:
FIGURE 16.1 Click the Schedule/Quantities button on the View tab.
FIGURE 16.2 Select Doors and then click OK.
FIGURE 16.3 Adding the fields to produce a door schedule
FIGURE 16.4 The door schedule up to this point
The next step is to start organizing your data in your preferred display format. You have a long way to go, but when you're finished, you can use this schedule over and over again.
Because Revit is a database, think of building a schedule as creating a query in a database, because that's exactly what you're doing. By creating a sort, you can begin to see your doors in groups and have a tangible understating of where you are. Let's get started:
The next step is to group the header information the way you would like it. Most schedules include groups such as Frame Material and Frame Type. You'll create similar groupings.
FIGURE 16.5 Edit all the field names and change the shading of the row.
FIGURE 16.6 Click the Edit button in the Sorting/Grouping row.
FIGURE 16.7 Sorting the schedule by level
Although this step isn't crucial to producing an accurate, readable schedule, it's important in the attempt to get this Revit‐produced schedule to look like the schedule you've been using for years in CAD. The objective of this procedure is to combine the header content into smaller groups under their own header, similar to what you can do in a spreadsheet.
To begin controlling the schedule headers, follow these steps:
At the top of the schedule are the title (DOOR SCHEDULE) and the headers (which include NUMBER, HEIGHT, WIDTH, and LEVEL, among others), as shown in Figure 16.8. Focus your attention here.
FIGURE 16.8 Click and drag across the four cells to activate the Group button.
It would be nice if the defaults in Revit were all caps, but they aren't. The next procedure will rename some of the headers, but it won't change any values.
Now it's time to begin filling out some of the blank fields. This is where you can increase productivity by using schedules. Instead of going door by door in the model, you have a list of every door right in front of you!
FIGURE 16.9 Adding the new header and changing the descriptions
FIGURE 16.10 The groups are complete.
In Revit, data flows in multiple directions. When you created a schedule, the data from the doors flowed into the schedule to populate it. Now you'll ask Revit to collect data that you input into the schedule to flow into the doors.
To learn how to populate the schedule, follow along with the procedure:
FIGURE 16.11 When you start filling out the fields in a schedule, the items become available in the list for future use.
Let's see how this affected the actual doors in the model and perhaps find a door that needs to be tagged with a WD (wood) finish:
FIGURE 16.12 Changing the property of an element in the model does the same thing as changing the element in the schedule.
In the interest of not getting carried away with the mundane process of filling out the entire schedule, note that this process is applicable for every field in this type of schedule. The main takeaway is that you can populate a schedule by either changing the data in the schedule itself or by finding the scheduled component and changing it there, such as a door or window.
The next step is to further modify the appearance of the schedule on which you're working. You can then begin using this schedule to focus on a specific group of doors and change them based on a filter.
As it stands, not everyone uses the same fonts, headers, and linework around the border of the schedule.
The objective of this procedure is to examine what font this schedule is using, as well as the line weights and spacing applied to the schedule. To learn how to adjust the appearance of a schedule, follow along:
Your schedule doesn't change one bit! You've simply created a situation where the appearance of the schedule won't be apparent until you literally drag it onto a drawing sheet.
FIGURE 16.13 Configuring the schedule's appearance
With the schedule complete, we can drag it onto a sheet. The cool thing about when we do this is, we have additional functionality in terms of making the schedule more presentable.
You now have a new sheet containing a blank title block.
The next objective is to click and drag the schedule onto the sheet. If the schedule fits, this is literally the easiest thing to do in Revit:
FIGURE 16.14 Clicking and dragging the schedule onto the sheet
FIGURE 16.15 You can split the schedule into two (or more) sections.
FIGURE 16.16 You can make further adjustments to the schedule by picking the round blue grip.
FIGURE 16.17 Pick the triangle grip to give the COMMENTS field some more room.
You can make two more adjustments to the schedule after you place it onto a sheet. They involve rotating and joining the two columns back together:
On the Modify | Schedule Graphics tab, there is a Rotation On Sheet menu on the Options bar. You don't need to change the rotation—just note that it's there.
Phew! I think you get the picture. If you like, feel free to create a bunch of schedules on your own. Practice does make perfect.
Let's venture now into creating a material takeoff. It would be a shame to have all these computations go unused!
Creating a material takeoff is similar to creating a schedule. The only difference is that you're breaking down components and scheduling the smaller pieces. For example, as you know, you can make a schedule of all the doors in the model—you just did that. But with a material takeoff, you can quantify the square footage of door panels or glass in the doors. To take it a step further, you can do material takeoffs of walls, floors, and any other building components you want to quantify.
The objective of this procedure is to create three different material takeoffs: one for the walls, one for the floors, and one for the roofs. Let's get started:
FIGURE 16.18 To add a new material takeoff, you can go to the View tab.
FIGURE 16.19 Adding the materials
FIGURE 16.20 Configuring the parameters for the schedule
The next step is to begin taking some totals on your own. The first thing you can do is have Revit automatically format a column to produce an independent total; then, you can break out this takeoff and drill in to more specific line‐item totals:
FIGURE 16.21 Going to the Formatting tab
You now have a total area at the bottom of your takeoff groups, as shown in Figure 16.23.
The next step is to break this takeoff into smaller, more specific takeoffs. When you do this, you can provide your own calculations based on almost any formula you need.
The objective here is to create separate schedules for plywood and gypsum by adding a new variable to the schedule that contains a formula you create. Yes, it's as hard as it sounds, but after you get used to this procedure, it won't be so bad! Perform the following steps:
FIGURE 16.22 Specifying we want this field to have a total.
FIGURE 16.23 The total area is calculated.
FIGURE 16.24 Duplicating the schedule
Your takeoff should look like Figure 16.26.
FIGURE 16.25 Filtering based on material
FIGURE 16.26 The takeoff is filtered based only on plywood, sheathing.
The next step is to break down the plywood into 4 × 8 sheets. You'll need to add a formula based on the square footage given by Revit divided by 32 square feet to come up with the plywood totals:
FIGURE 16.27 Click the Calculated Value button in the middle of the dialog.
FIGURE 16.28 Changing the calculated values
FIGURE 16.29 Selecting the Calculate Totals option
FIGURE 16.30 Overriding the units to allow this field to round
Your material takeoff should resemble Figure 16.31.
FIGURE 16.31 The finished plywood material takeoff
Wow! Not too bad for only drawing a bunch of walls. As you can see, using the scheduling/material takeoff feature of Revit adds value to this application. Well, the value doesn't stop there. You can use the same functionality to create legends and drawing keys as well.
Here's the problem with Revit. At some point, you'll need to add a component to the model that isn't associated with anything. Say, for example, you have a door that you would like to elevate on a sheet with the door schedule. You sure don't want that door included in the schedule, and you sure don't want to have to draw a wall just to display it. This is where creating a key legend comes into play.
The objective of the following procedure is to create a key legend, adding elevations of doors that are used in the model. As it stands, a legend can mean any number of things. It can be a list of abbreviations, it can be a comprehensive numbering system keyed off the model itself, or it can be a graphical representation of items that have already been placed into the model for further detailing and coordinating. Another special aspect of legends is that a single legend may need to be duplicated on multiple sheets in a drawing set. You don't know it yet, but this is a problem for Revit. By creating a legend, however, you can get around this issue.
Follow these steps to create a door‐type legend:
FIGURE 16.32 Click the Legends a Legend button on the View tab.
FIGURE 16.33 Choose 1/4″ = 1′–0″ (1:50mm).
Congratulations! You now have a blank view. This is actually a good thing. Think of it as a clean slate where you can draft, add components, and throw together a legend.
The next step is to begin adding components. You'll need to go to the Annotate tab for this:
FIGURE 16.34 Clicking the Legend Component button
FIGURE 16.35 Changing the options for the legend
The next step is to add some text in an attempt to label the doors. These items can't be labeled, which can be a disadvantage to breaking away from the model. This is basically a dumb sheet. Follow along:
FIGURE 16.36 Placing text underneath the doors
It's nice to have accurate blocks available based on what you've added to your model up to this point. By using the Revit method of building a legend like this, you're removed from the horror of stealing old legends from other jobs. I think we all know what a nightmare this turns into when they aren't accurate. Plus, in Revit, you have a library of the doors you're using right at your fingertips. They don't have to be managed or updated constantly. They will always be there, and they will always be accurate.
Next, you'll create a symbol legend—that is, you need to make a sheet that contains all your typical symbols. This task will be carried out in a similar manner.
You're nearing the end of the book, and you've probably noticed that some subjects, such as tags, were brushed over in earlier chapters. Tags simply can't be avoided because they come in automatically with many items. But a mystery surrounds them. Where do they come from, how does Revit know what tag to associate with what element, and how the heck do you make Revit tags look like your tags?
You can almost see a tag as a “window” looking into the item itself. A tag allows you to pull a parameter out of an item and put that parameter onto the drawing in a physical sense. Given that, tags are how you label things.
To start, let's concentrate on the simple and then move to the more complex. First, you'll learn how to add a tag that wasn't added automatically.
As you may have noticed, not everything you placed in the model received a tag—especially many of the doors and windows that you copied to different floors. The objective of the following procedures is to add tags to individual objects. The first type of tag will be by category.
Tagging walls is almost as automatic as tagging doors and windows. The only difference is that when you tag a wall, the tag might be initially blank.
To learn how to tag a wall, follow along with this procedure:
FIGURE 16.37 Picking one of the corridor partitions to tag
FIGURE 16.38 Adding the wall tag data
Suppose you would like to tag a number of the same items in one shot. Revit lets you do this by using the Tag All command.
The Tag All command is a favorite among Revit users. One of the most common examples of using this command is when you Copy/Paste Aligned multiple items to higher‐level floors. You'll almost always miss a few tags, or even all of the tags. This is where Tag All comes into play.
The objective of this next procedure is to find the Tag All feature and tag many items in one shot:
FIGURE 16.39 The Tag All button on the Annotate tab
FIGURE 16.40 Selecting door and window tags
It almost goes without saying that Tag All is quite a valuable tool. Another valuable tool is the ability to reach into a component and tag specific material within the component.
Tagging By Material may be one of the most underused commands in all of Revit. The reason is that most people think of a tag as, well, a tag—a drawn box containing some abbreviations or letters. That's too bad, because you can also use tags as a means to place notes. Tagging an item's material is one way of doing just that.
The objective of the following procedure is to create a material description and then place a tag pursuant to that note:
FIGURE 16.41 The Material Tag button in the Tag panel
FIGURE 16.42 Placing the “Porcelain tile, 4″, white” note
The next topic we'll explore is where these tags come from and how you can create your own. Notations and symbols are the basis for maintaining graphical standards. If you simply use the examples given to you by Revit, you'll have a set of drawings that look very generic and immediately turn off your design team.
FIGURE 16.43 Changing the leader arrowhead is one of the first things you will probably have to do.
If you think about it, you used a door tag for the doors, a window tag for the windows, and a wall tag for the walls. Jeepers! How many different tags do you need to complete a set of construction documents? Well, in Revit, you can create a multi‐category tag. This will be the same tag (aesthetically) that identifies a common property in any element.
Unfortunately, Revit doesn't provide a sample multi‐category tag, so you'll have to make one. The objective of the next set of procedures is to create a new multi‐category tag and then use it on various furniture items.
As mentioned earlier, you should create any new family by using a template. Doing so will ensure that you're using the correct data, so the family will behave as expected. This is what you're doing right now:
Annotations
folder, locate the file called Multi‐Category Tag.rft
.Multi‐Category Tag.rft
template.FIGURE 16.44 This time you're adding two parameters. By selecting the Break check box, you tell Revit to stack the parameters.
FIGURE 16.45 The Multi‐Category button in the Tag panel
FIGURE 16.46 Adding the multi‐category tag to the entertainment unit. Make sure you adjust the tag to show the information unobscured.
Using multi‐category tags is a great way to label a model. It's nice because you don't need specific tags for the various elements. These items could have been different types of furniture and casework. As long as they have a family name and a type name, the label tag will work.
Another way to record items in a model is by adding keynoting. This procedure is done in conjunction with a schedule. The last section of this chapter will focus on this procedure.
Keynoting has been used in construction documents dating back to the Pharaohs. Okay, maybe not that far back, but you get the point. Revit does a nice job in terms of tracking keynotes. The only issue is that nothing comes pre‐keynoted in Revit. That is, a keynote value needs to be assigned to each item. If your company uses keynoting, you'll have to assign a keynote to every item in Revit in your template.
That being said, let's break down keynoting and start learning how to add keynotes to your model. You can add three different types of keynotes to a model: keynote by element, by material, and by user.
Keynoting by element means you select an object and place the keynoted text. This procedure is the same as when you tag an object, except that this time the information you're reporting is actually a Construction Specifications Institute (CSI)‐formatted keynote or a standard for your installation location.
Before you get started on this exercise, make sure there is a keynote.txt
file to which Revit is pointing. Then follow along:
C:\ProgramData\Autodesk\RVT 2015\Libraries\US Imperial\RevitKeynotes_Imperial_2004.txt
(RevitKeynotes_Metric.txt
), as shown in Figure 16.47.FIGURE 16.47 Mapping the Keynote.txt
file
To use the keynoting by element function, follow this procedure:
FIGURE 16.48 Select Keynote ➣ Element Keynote.
FIGURE 16.49 Choosing Keynote Tag ➣ Keynote Text
FIGURE 16.50 Placing the leadered keynote
Because no keynote has been assigned to this family, you can specify one now. Revit lets you specify keynoting information by either assigning the information through the Properties dialog or by placing a keynote tag, after which Revit will prompt you to specify the missing information.
After you pick the third point, Revit displays the Keynotes menu shown in Figure 16.51. Follow these steps to place the keynote value into the sconce family:
FIGURE 16.51 Selecting the proper keynote value for the sconce