Abiki – The Japanese word for meteo-tsunami
Ablative bottom paints – A type of anti-fouling bottom paint that is characterized as a ‘soft coat’ which acts similar to time-released medication that gradually releases a bit of the biocide compound. These paints (also called sloughing paints) often have to be replaced more frequently than ‘hard coat’ bottom paints that bottom cleaners erode less easily.
AC – Alternating current, typically 115 or 230 volts
Acoustic transducer – An electro-mechanical device mounted on the bottom of a vessel for acoustic measurement of water depth.
Anoxic – The term used for water that has essentially been depleted of dissolved oxygen.
Anti-fouling – A broad category of chemical coatings (paints) used on the bottom of vessels to prevent the growth of biofouling organisms.
Aquaculture – Controlled farming of fish and shellfish in fresh or saltwater environments. Pens (restrictive netting) are used to raise fish; baskets and vertical strings are used for raising shellfish.
At-sea discharge – The act of pumping bilge water or waste water (e.g., sewage) from a vessel, the latter being permitted only greater than three nautical miles offshore the U.S. coastline.
Bait fish – The term used to describe a broad variety of small fish that are eventually used as bait for fishing.
Berthing – Docking a vessel in a slip or pier of a marina.
Best Management Practices – A formal document or protocol outlining optimum procedures for a specific business or activity.
Bilge – The lowest interior compartment of a vessel’s hull, often with multiple compartments that are intended to contain liquid or gaseous wastes.
Biocide – A chemical mixture used to kill or retard growth of nuisance organisms
Biofouling – Growth of nuisance organisms (marine plants and animals) on the bottom of a vessel.
Black water – Waste water aboard a vessel that is collected from onboard toilets.
Boat ramp – On land, an inclined roadway upon which motor vehicles are backed down to launch small boats. Typically a trailered boat is launched when the trailer is backed down and partially submerged so the boat floats off.
Boatyard – An area on land used for storage and maintenance of vessels of all sizes.
Bonding system – Interconnection of metal components within a vessel for the purpose of electrical isolation and reduced galvanic corrosion which can occur when un-bonded metal components are submerged in seawater.
Bottom cleaning – The process of removing nuisance marine growth from the bottom of a vessel, often conducted by divers while the vessel’s hull is submerged but also by power wash spraying when the hull is out of the water.
Bought the Farm – A mariner’s expression used to describe when another mariner ends his sailing career by moving onshore for the last time, not necessarily because of death but the end result is nearly as bad.
Bowsprit – A pole or beam that extends forward of a vessel’s bow or stem, typically on sailboats for attaching stays for the jib or foresail.
Brackish – Water that is a mixture of fresh water and seawater, thus characterized by moderate salinity. Water clarity is independent of brackish characteristics.
Bristol – The term used to describe the condition of a vessel when it is better than factory new and loaded with extra features.
Cable Master system – A commercial product designed to automatically coil a shore power cable into a sealed cylindrical container below deck, by means of an electric motor.
Cast net – A flat, circular mesh net with weights on its periphery that is thrown by hand to catch small fish at or near the water’s surface.
Catamaran – A power or sailing vessel that has two parallel hulls (pontoons) for distributed buoyancy and which are connected rigidly between. A tri-marine is similar but with three partially submerged, parallel hulls.
Center-console boat – A relatively small (typically 18- to 30-foot) open boat that has a central pedestal for steering and control of motors.
Charm School – An old expression for a hypothetical place where rude and obstinate persons are sent to learn better behavior, manners and cooperation.
Charter boat – A fishing boat equipped with Captain and crew that can be hired (chartered) for offshore fishing, typically by up to six paying customers for whole or half-day trips.
Chase boat – A boat whose purpose is to accompany a relatively larger vessel and transport crew and supplies to/from shore. Medium size vessels have dinghies whereas very large vessels and mega-yachts have chase boats that can range in size from 30 to 75 feet in length, often towed or cruising independently near the larger vessel between ports of call.
Clean Marina Program – A voluntary program established in many U.S. States for marinas to better control their adverse effects on the environment.
City water – Fresh water that is supplied to marina docks from municipal water systems, as for land-based properties.
Cockpit – The rear deck of a vessel that is not enclosed.
Confused sea – Surface waves that are irregular in height and direction of propagation, typically caused by interaction of waves from multiple sources and directions (e.g., wind waves, swell and vessel wakes).
Control depth – The depth of a channel or water body, typically described as the least depth that is guaranteed by recent dredging operations.
Cutlass bearing – A circular, annular bearing through which a vessel’s engine shaft extends as it passes from the inner engine compartment to the exterior water.
DC – Direct current as is provided by batteries.
Dark N’ Stormy – A popular alcoholic drink of mariners, concocted from Gosling’s Rum, ginger beer and cuttings from a fresh lime, served or ice. Thirst quenching, even in heavy weather.
Davit – A J-shaped device used to lift equipment small boats aboard a larger vessel. A vertical post is attached to a near-horizontal beam to facilitate the lifting arm. Pulleys and line or strong wire are used for hoisting, typically with a winch or a hand crank.
Derecho – A long (greater than 200-mile) line of severe thunderstorms and high winds that move rapidly across landmasses.
Derelict boat – Any type or size of boat in serious disrepair, often unattended.
Dinghy – A very small (typically less than 15-ft) boat used to transport people and supplies to a larger vessel. Dinghies are made of various materials (e.g., wood, aluminum, fiberglass and inflatable pontoons, some with rigid bottoms) and can be either motor powered or propelled by rowing.
Diurnal tide – One type of astronomical tide that results in only one high water and one low water event per day.
Dock – Any type of structure that allows direct access from shore to a water body. It must be attached to land but can be either fixed or floating.
Dock box – A watertight box used to store boating paraphernalia. Typically white and constructed of fiberglass, dock boxes can be securely mounted on a dock or aboard a vessel.
Dock Boy – A male or female employee of the marina whose primary role is to assist boaters while berthing their vessel. Assistance can also be provided during fueling, taking on freshwater or transporting supplies onboard.
Dock cart – A small, un-motorized cart with wheels that is used to transport supplies to berthed vessels.
Dockmaster – The person in charge of physical operations and vessels within a marina.
Dockominium – Equivalent to an Equity Slip Ownership, a facility that allows vessel owners to purchase a slip for permanent or very long-term ownership, as for condominiums on land.
Double-slip – Within a marina, a wide U-shaped configuration that allow two vessels to be berthed side-by-side with no pier between their parallel hulls.
Dredging – The mechanical means of removing bottom sediment to make a water body deeper.
Dry-dock marina – A facility that offers on-land storage to vessels, either on racks within large storage buildings or in uncovered parking lots. Dry-dock marinas do not necessarily have to be waterside, as trailered boats can be transported to the dry-dock marina for storage. Waterside facilities allow easy loading but most do not have in-water slips for dockage.
Dry storage – Any type of boat storage (trailered, racked, blocked, etc.) where the vessel is not in the water.
Electric Shock Drowning – (ESD) Electrocution caused by AC current that enters fresh water where a person is swimming. The source of the current may be from a poorly grounded vessel, a shore power cord or a submerged electrical motor.
Embayment – A concave area of coastline that is partially sheltered from waves but whose water readily exchanges with the adjacent sea.
End-tie slip – The part of a main dock that is farthest from shore and accommodates vessels tied perpendicular to the direction of the main dock. Similarly, smaller piers can have end-tie slips also. T-docks is the common name for docks that have end-tie slips.
Equity Slip Ownership – Vessel slips that are sold rather than leased. Some facilities have more complex equity ownership arrangements.
Fairway – The narrow waterway between adjacent piers of a marina.
Fendering – Placement of fenders or flexible buoys between a vessel and its adjacent pier to prevent chaffing damage to the vessel’s hull.
Fetch – The distance over which wind blows during generation of local surface waves.
Finger pier – A small pier that is typically attached perpendicular to a main dock. Piers often delineate the boundaries of a vessel slip.
Fishing grounds – A geographic region known for good fishing.
Fixed dock – A shore-side physical structure that remains stationary and independent of variations in the local water level.
Floating dock – A shore-side physical structure whose top, horizontal surface remains at the same height above the water level regardless of vertical fluctuations in water level. Floating docks must be loosely attached to fixed docks, pilings or shore structures to prevent horizontal escape.
Flushing – The physical process of horizontal water movement into or out of a confined region.
Flying Bridge – The upper helm of a sportfishing boat or motor vessel that is typically open to the weather.
Fuel polishing system – Various types of systems designed to clean vessel fuel of particulate matter, water or other liquids that have different specific gravities than the fuel when pure.
Galvanic corrosion – With regard to vessels in the marine environment, galvanic corrosion is the dissolution of metals (often called marine corrosion or electrolysis) caused when dissimilar metals are in electrical contact with each other while immersed in seawater, an effective electrolytic solution. Galvanic corrosion can also can be initiated by other nearby sources of stray electrical current.
Gangway – A ramp used by passengers to access a vessel.
Gosling’s – Quality dark rum distilled in Bermuda. The essential ingredient of the Dark N’ Stormy cocktail of many mariners.
Gray water – Waste water generated by sinks, showers, dishwashers and other cleaning activities aboard vessels. In some regions, clean bilge water is considered gray water. Wastes from toilets are not to be included in gray water.
Green flash – A visual phenomenon that is sometimes observed as the sun sets on the horizon on clear evenings, or similarly at sunrise. A flash of green light occurs above the upper rim of the sun for one or two seconds when atmospheric conditions are optimum, causing the sunlight to separate into different colors of the spectrum.
Green materials – Products that are composed of renewable resources.
Ground tackle – Submerged components of a mooring system including the anchor and a length of chain that leads toward the surface, sometimes connecting to line.
Gunnel – The edge or horizontal surface on top of the outer, vertical wall of a vessel’s hull such as surrounding a cockpit.
Handline – A small diameter fishing line that is used without a rod or reel. Before synthetic lines were created, natural fibers were used for fishing line and a tar coating was applied to prevent rotting.
Harbormaster – The person in charge of all operations within a harbor, including marine operations, safety, piers, parking and other facilities.
Harbor of Refuge – A port, inlet or other body of water sheltered from heavy seas by land and in which a vessel can navigate safely and moor. The suitability of a location as a harbor of safe refuge varies for each vessel, dependent on the vessel’s size, maneuverability and mooring gear.
Harmful algal bloom – When marine algae flourishes due to natural or manmade causes, resulting in harmful water quality conditions and risks to marine life and humans.
Haul-out – Removal of a vessel from the water. A term used typically for large vessels rather than small boats on trailers.
Head — The name for a toilet on a vessel.
Inverse-barometer effect – The natural condition by which low atmospheric (barometric) pressure will allow the sea level to rise while in contrast, high atmospheric pressure will depress sea level.
Irresistible Forces – In some marina tenant agreements, marinas are not held liable for damage to vessels when caused by Irresistible Forces, defined as: fire, storms, theft, winds and acts of God – almost everything bad.
Launch – A small boat (typically between 20 and 30 feet in length) used in support functions to a larger vessel. Dinghies and tenders are smaller than launches; Chase Boats are considerably larger than launches.
Lazarette – A storage compartment that is typically below deck in the cockpit of a vessel.
Length overall – The greatest actual length of a vessel, extending from the tip of any pulpit or bowsprit to the farthest aft part of the boat or swim platform.
Line handler – A person who assists an incoming or departing vessel by tending to lines attached to the vessel or dock. Considerable skill and training are required for efficient and safe tending of lines, especially during severe weather when high tension can be applied to the lines during vessel movement.
Live-aboard – A housing status when vessel owners and/or crew stay aboard for more than the minimum allowable days per week or month permitted by a marina tenant agreement. From a different perspective, some persons proudly claim their live-aboard status which entails full-time, year-round residence aboard their vessel.
Live-well bait tank – An onboard tank situated in or near the cockpit of a fishing vessel that is used to contain live bait in fresh seawater that is circulated through the tank. The term ‘live’ pertains to the bait being kept ‘alive’. The term ‘well’ pertains to a container that holds water like a ‘wishing well’.
Macerator pump – A special water pump that chops any solid wastes into small particulates while passing through the pump. It is normally used in conjunction with a holding tank for toilet wastes. The waste slurry is discharged into the sea via a through-hull port beneath the water line but only when the vessel is located in waters permissible for waste discharge according to U.S. Coast Guard regulations.
Marina – A shore-side facility where boats can be launched and/or stored for various lengths of time. Numerous other activities can be conducted at marinas as described in this guidebook.
Marina manager – An employee of the Marina Owner(s) who typically manages all business operations of the Marina. At some facilities, a separate Dock Master is employed to manage all marine operations at the facility, under direction of the marina manager.
Marina tenant agreement – A legal contract created by a Marina organization for lease of a vessel slip to a vessel Owner. The Agreement typically covers Owner use of marina facilities, vessel conditions, Rules and Regulations, plus many terms regarding insurance liability of vessel and marina.
Marine radio – Utilized aboard vessels of all sizes, marine radios are configured with a combined transmitter and receiver, operating on standard VHF frequency channels between 156.0 and 162.0 MHz Newer units offer Digital Selective Calling (DSC) capability to allow a distress signal to be sent simply by pressing a button.
Marine Sanitation Device – Guidelines for MSDs can be found on the website of the U.S. Coast Guard: www.uscg.mil/hq/cg5/cg5213/msd.asp. No person may operate any vessel having an installed toilet facility unless it is equipped with an installed and operable MSD of a type approved by the U.S. Coast Guard to meet the requirements of 33 CFR Part 159. There are three types of MSDs that can be certified by the U.S. Coast Guard: Types I and II are flow-through discharge devices that reduce fecal coliform bacteria levels and address floating solids. Type III is essentially a holding tank.
Mega-yacht – Definitions of yachts, super-yachts and mega-yachts are imprecise but the later are typically categorized as vessels longer than 150 feet whereas super-yachts are longer than 75 feet.
Meteo-tsunami – Similar to tsunamis, meteo-tsunamis generate large waves that inundate coastal regions but they are solely generated by intense atmospheric fronts that move quickly across coastal waters. The amplitude of meteo-tsunami waves and coastal run-up is governed by the atmospheric pressure changes associated with frontal passage and the speed of its horizontal movement.
Mixed tide – An astronomical tidal situation that is influenced both by the semi-diurnal and diurnal tides. Characteristics of high and low water vary greatly from day to day as well as between tides on the same day.
Mooring – The name typically used to describe a type of vessel anchoring arrangement, most commonly within in a harbor, where the vessel is loosely secured to a bottom anchor by line and chain (called ground tackle). Moorings anchors are stationary and permanent, sometimes unattended by a vessel. In contrast, conventional anchors are lowered at various locations then brought aboard for vessel cruising.
Municipal marina – A marina that is owned and operated by any type of government organization (e.g., town, city, state, etc.).
Named windstorm – A storm system, typically a major windstorm, that has been declared and named by the National Weather Service. They can be on land or at sea.
Neap tide – Periods of two to four days when the range of the astronomical tide is reduced by misalignment (perpendicular orientation) of the moon and sun, causing a reduction of the normal gravitational pull. Neap tides occur every two weeks but vary in amplitude throughout the year.
Non-indigenous species – A type of marine species (e.g., mussel) that has: 1) been transported from its native region by human intervention and 2) reestablished an active community of organisms in a different marine area. Depending upon the species of marine mussels, such relocation can result in major nuisance infestations or become profitable aquaculture operations.
Nor’easter – An intense low-pressure storm that intensifies off the coast of New England and drives strong on-shore winds from the northeast direction.
Nuisance algae – Excessive density of microscopic marine plants (phytoplankton) typically caused by excess nutrients. The nuisance can be the odor of decaying plant matter and/or the depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water which further causes plant and fish mortality.
Oily waste – Liquid waste from vessels, including waste oil, engine coolant and bilge water which often contains oil and coolant solutions.
On the Hard – The term used by seasoned boaters to indicate storage of a vessel on-land, typically in a paved, outdoor storage area.
Open water – A mariner’s term for the area offshore of a harbor or bay where winds and seas are minimally affected by land or coastal physiography.
Overboard discharge – Disposal (typically via pumping) of liquid wastes from a vessel, including either clean water, gray water or black water.
Personal Water Craft – (PWC) See also definition of Toys. Various floating sporting devices that can be propelled by motors or human power. Examples include: jet skis, kayaks, canoes, paddleboards, sailboards, etc.
Physical Oceanographer – A marine scientist specializing in physical processes of the ocean, including waves, currents and ocean dynamics.
Physiography – Regional geomorphology including the coastal geography and topography.
Phytoplankton – Microscopic natural plants that live in the marine environment.
Pier – In the context of this marina guidebook, pier is the name for the physical structure used to secure a floating vessel within a marina. Piers also are walkways for vessel passengers and transport of supplies to vessels. Piers can be fixed or floating, in saltwater or fresh and defined synonymously with the term dock.
Piling – A stationary, vertical post of wood, concrete or steel construction used to secure boats in a marina or harbor. ‘Sheet piling’ is configured as a vertical wall, typically of steel, used as a retaining barrier to prevent land from caving into a harbor or marina water.
Pulpit – A raised platform that extends forward from the bow of a boat. On old fishing vessels, men would stand on the pulpit to toss a harpoon when whaling.
Pump-out – Removal of liquid sewage from a below-deck waste tank within a vessel.
Pumping station – A sewage pump-out station located on a pier or shore-side facility. They can be privately maintained or open for public use.
Purse seine – A long, vertical fishing net deployed in a circular pattern by a moving commercial fishing vessel as it wraps around a school of fish. When the ends of the vertical net are secured together, a bottom wire is pulled to close the ‘purse’ with the fish inside.
Rack storage – A structure designed to support a vessel while stored out of the water. Originally, racks were available for small boats in covered buildings but large racks are now more commonplace and oftentimes used outside for large vessels.
Raw water – Seawater. Preferably pumped into a vessel intentionally.
Red Tide – An excessive population of marine red algae than can become a nuisance because of it’s ability to deplete local dissolved oxygen levels, resulting in fish kills and offensive odors. The patches of algae can be moved by horizontal currents but the biological problem is not caused by the tide.
Resort marina – A category of private or corporate marina facilities that are co-located with a resort hotel or condominium facility and offer excellent amenities.
Rigid Inflatable Boat – (RIB) A boat with air-filled pontoons around the sides that are permanently attached to a rigid deck/bottom make of fiberglass or aluminum. Most RIBs are less than 15 feet but some are now manufactured up to 30 feet in length.
Rissaga – The Spanish word for meteo-tsunami.
River stage – The water level measured in a river above a normal datum.
Rules of the Road – The U.S. Coast Guard’s Navigation Rules and Regulations Handbook, also known as ‘Rules of the Road’ or NavRules CG169, contains the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea, 1972 (72 COLREGS).
Running gear – A term used for all submerged metal propulsion (shaft, bearings and propellers) and steering (rudder) components of a vessel.
Run-up – The act of sudden inundation of a shoreline by on-shore flow of water, most typically associated with a tsunami. Its grammatical use is typically as a verb describing the movement of water and its penetration into land areas. Flooding is generally a slower process than run-up.
Rust bucket – An old mariner’s term for a vessel in very poor condition, not necessarily made of steel (rusty) but definitely streaked with rust from old equipment, chain and other steel items.
Sacrificial anode – The common name for zincs that are attached to submerged metal components of vessels to reduce galvanic corrosion to more critical parts of a vessel’s running gear.
Seismic sea wave – A scientifically correct name for a tsunami generated by a major seismic event beneath the sea.
Semi-diurnal tide – One type of astronomical tide that results in two high water and two low water events per day.
Shielding – The term used to describe a shadowing effect during lightning storms when one vessel is blocked from direct lightning strikes by neighboring vessels which are often higher and hence take the direct strike. The shielded vessel may still receive ‘secondary’ lightning damage via the vessel hit initially.
Shore power – Alternating current, either 115 or 230 volts at 60 Hz frequency, provided by a shore-based power generation source.
Side-tie slip – A linear segment of a marina dock where a vessel may secure its port or starboard side.
Single-slip – Within a marina, a U-shaped configuration that provides a pier on each side of a berthed vessel.
Skiff – A small vessel of wood, fiberglass or metal construction that can be rowed or powered by a motor, typically a small outboard.
Slip – A location for berthing a vessel within a marina. Slips can vary in configuration as discussed herein.
Sloop – A relatively small, single masted sailing vessel.
Sportfishing boat – A well-powered vessel primarily used for game fishing under commercial charter with an experienced Captain and mate. Vessels typically range from 35 to 60 feet, often equipped with a tall tower for spotting surface fish.
Spring line – A line attached from a vessel to a dock, specifically located alongside the vessel to restrict fore and aft movement while the vessel remains in the slip. The spring line also can be an essential line when berthing a vessel as the Captain may use it when turning the vessel.
Spring tide – Periods of two to four days when the range of the astronomical tide is amplified by perfect alignment of the moon and sun, causing intensification of the gravitational pull. Spring tides occur every two weeks but are particularly strong a few times each year.
Squall line – An intense, small-scale meteorological front typically accompanied by high winds and rapid change in atmospheric pressure.
Stray current – In a marina environment, dangerous electrical current inadvertently discharged into the water by a vessel, shore power cord or submerged electrical motor. AC (alternating current) power released as stray current is the primary cause of Electric Shock Drowning.
Sump pump – A type of electrically powered, submersible pump that is used in the bilge of a vessel to discharge waste water overboard. ‘Shower sumps’ typically collect shower wastewater within a small sealed box that contains a level indicator and pump to discharge the water when the box is filled.
Surge – A sudden and pronounced rise in water level in a coastal environment caused by a variety of natural processes.
Surveyor – A Certified Marine Inspector who conducts visual inspections of vessel components, typically for use by the owner, a potential buyer or an insurance company that provides coverage for the vessel. Surveyors may have specializations such as hull, electrical, engines, etc.
Swim platform – A horizontal platform extending aft from a vessel’s transom to provide easy access to the water by swimmers or for launching Personal Water Craft. Some platforms are rigidly fixed to the hull while others are able to lowered and submerged by means of hydraulics powered within the vessel.
T-dock – A marina pier that is shaped as a letter ‘T’, consisting of a main dock with another pier on the end, positioned perpendicular.
Tenant – In the context of marinas, a tenant is a boat owner who has signed a Marina Tenant Agreement for occupancy of a specific boat slip for berthing of his/her vessel.
Tender – Another name for dinghy and launch, used to transport people and supplies to a larger vessel. Tenders are normally smaller than launches.
Through-hull fitting – A metal or nylon fitting with a hole in the center that is firmly mounted in a vessel’s hull to allow liquid wastes to be pumped overboard. An accessible valve inside the hull is attached to the fitting to allow closure when not in use.
Tidal range – The full vertical excursion of water level associated with the tide, measured between levels of high and low water. In contrast, tidal amplitude is measured from the mean water level to either the high- or low-water level and consequently is half the range.
Toys – An informal term representing a variety of Personal Water Craft (PWC) many of which are motorized. Whereas a PWC may represent the only boating unit for some individuals, the term ‘Toys’ is most commonly used by owners and crew of large yachts who may have a collection of toys (jet skis, kayaks, paddleboards, etc.) aboard for small craft recreation.
Traffic – In the context of this marina guidebook, traffic refers to a congestion of moving vessels typically near the entrance to a major harbor.
Traffic Separation Zone – Near the entrance to major harbors and ports that experience heavy commercial vessel and/or naval traffic, the U.S. Coast Guard has established Traffic Separation Zones and a Separation Scheme to be used by all vessels for preventing collisions and accidents.
Transient slip – A marina slip reserved for vessels that berth for a short stay, typically just a day or two.
Trawler – Two definitions are used within this book: 1) a cabin motor vessel with a high bow and a wheelhouse that is positioned well forward; often used for live-aboard. 2) A commercial fishing vessel that tows large nets at various depths depending upon the intended species targeted.
Tsunami – The general term for large waves that inundate coastal regions at many locations around the globe. They can be generated by a variety of processes, including: subsea earthquakes or seafloor shifts, subsea volcanic eruptions, landslides, glacier calving, meteor impacts, passage of abrupt meteorological storms, etc.
Wharfage – Another (older) term for docking area or berth, most commonly used in association with large vessels for commercial usage.
Yacht Club – A private, non-commercial organization established primarily to promote the sport of racing and cruising. Additionally, Yacht Clubs are a meeting place for nautical folks with similar recreational and social interests. Today, most Yacht Clubs include power boats but some maintain the tradition of sailing vessels only.
Zebra mussel – Similar to Quagga mussels, a species of freshwater mollusk that has been relocated to U.S. waters via ballast water discharged from vessels traveling from western Asian ports. Their rapid colonization has led to major nuisance infestations in the Great Lakes and other U.S. freshwater regions.
Zincs – Molded shapes of solid zinc that are attached to submerged, metal running gear components of vessels to act as sacrificial anodes and minimize galvanic corrosion to key components of the vessel’s propulsion system and through-hull fittings.