Page references in italics indicate images.
Afzal, Maulana Nabeel ref1, ref2
Ahmed, Nadeem ref1
Ainsley, Claire: The New Working Class ref1
Al-Madinah Institute, Coventry ref1
Amazon (online retailer) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
anti-establishment feeling ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
apprenticeships ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12
Asghar, Najeeda ref1
Ashton-under-Lyne ref1
austerity policies ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21
Austin, Ian ref1
Aziz, Abdul ref1
Baltic Centre for Contemporary Art, Gateshead ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Bamford ref1
Barber, Benjamin ref1
Barber, Sir Michael ref1
Barratt Homes ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Bates mine ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Batley and Spen ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Beal, Philip ref1
Beeching cuts (1960s) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Begum, Shamima ref1
Benn, Hilary ref1
Benn, Tony ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Bethell, Jill and Tony ref1
Betjeman, John ref1
Beveridge, William ref1
Bickley, John ref1
Birmingham ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Bishop Auckland ref1, ref2, ref3
Blair, Tony: Alan Johnson and ref1, ref2; Boris Johnson and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; Brexit and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; change agenda ref1; Corbyn and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6; cultural split in Labour voting base, on ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; David Miliband and ref1, ref2; devolution agenda ref1; Ed Miliband and ref1; education policies ref1, ref2; general election (2019) and ref1, ref2; House of Lords reform ref1; immigration and ref1; Iraq War and ref1, ref2, ref3; Labour’s economic message and ref1, ref2; majority after 1997 ref1; modernization of Labour Party ref1; New Labour coalition, on break-up of ref1; New Labour record in red wall and ref1, ref2; patriotism and ref1; record criticized by subsequent Labour leaders ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5; red wall, on rebuilding of ref1; Robinson and ref1; Sedgefield and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13; Starmer and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; Thatcher and ref1; unemployment and ref1
Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Bloodworth, James ref1
Blunkett, David ref1
Blyth Dock and Shipbuilding Company ref1
Blyth Valley ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18
Bolsover ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
boundary reviews/changes ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Boyers, Martin ref1, ref2, ref3
Bradford South ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Bradley, Ben ref1
Brexit: anti-establishment feeling and ref1; Article 50 ref1, ref2; Blair and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; Blyth Valley and ref1, ref2, ref3; Boris Johnson and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12; Corbyn and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9; Coventry North West and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6; Don Valley and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10; Ed Miliband and ref1, ref2; Elliott and ref1; ethnic minorities and ref1; Farage/UKIP and see Farage, Nigel and UKIP; Fishing for Leave campaign ref1; free movement and ref1; Gateshead and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5; general election (2017) and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8; general election (2019) and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28; Gove and ref1; Grimsby and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7; Labour Party and see Labour Party; Mandelson and ref1, ref2, ref3; May and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7; McDonnell and ref1, ref2; North East Derbyshire and ref1, ref3, ref4, ref5; North West Durham and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7; parliamentary deadlock over ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5; People’s Vote campaign ref1, ref2, ref3; red wall seat definition and ref1, ref2; second referendum ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10; Sedgefield and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8; Starmer and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; supply chains and ref1; two nations divide and ref1; Vote Leave ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; Wakefield ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5; withdrawal deal ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Brexit Party ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13
Briggs, Charles ref1
Brooks, Michael ref1
Brown, Gordon ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13
Bruce, Richard ref1
Burdon, John ref1
Burke, Edmund ref1
Burley, Alan ref1
Burnham, Andy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Burnley ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
Burnley Bondholders scheme ref1
Bush, George W. ref1
Business for Britain ref1
Cameron, David ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13
Campbell, Alan ref1, ref2, ref3
Campbell, Alastair ref1
Campbell, Deirdre ref1, ref2, ref3
Campbell, Ronnie ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
carpetbagging candidates ref1
Casey, Dame Louise ref1, ref2, ref3
centralization of decision-making ref1, ref2, ref3
Centre for Towns ref1
child sexual exploitation gangs ref1
Chipperfield, David ref1
Clarke, Simon ref1
Cleary, Tony ref1
Cleverley, James ref1
coalition government (2010) ref1, ref2
collectivism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12
Committee on Climate Change ref1
community spirit ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27
Conservative Party: austerity policies see austerity policies; Brexit and see Brexit; candidate selection ref1; cultural Toryism emerging under Boris Johnson ref1; deindustrialization under see individual industry name; elections see general elections and individual election name; ethnic-minority populations and ref1; home ownership, champions ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; leaders see individual leader name; leftward policy shift ref1; levelling-up agenda see levelling-up agenda; MPs kicked out by Boris Johnson ref1, ref2; National Health Service and ref1; Opinium survey of forty first-time Tory constituencies (2021) ref1; red wall gains 2017 ref1; red wall gains 2019 ref1, ref3 see also individual seat name; red wall target map for 2019 election ref4
Consett ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Consett Steel Company ref1
Cooper, Julie ref1
Cooper, Yvette ref1
COP26 climate conference ref1
Corbyn, Jeremy: Blair and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6; Blunkett and ref1, ref2; Blyth and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; Brexit and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9; Burnham and ref1; David Miliband and ref1; Ed Miliband and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; general election (2017) and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10; general election (2019) and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13; housing and ref1; IRA and ref1; Labour leadership contest (2015) and ref1, ref2; Lammy on ref1; Lavery and ref1; McDonnell and ref1; national security issues and ref1, ref2; New Labour criticized by ref1; North West Durham and ref1, ref2; patriotism and ref1; popularity ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22; Robinson on ref1, ref2; Starmer and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5; terrorism and ref1, ref2; Wilson and ref1, ref2, ref3; working-class voters and ref1, ref2; young voters and ref1
Coventry North West ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Coventry University ref1
Coyle, Diane ref1
crime ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
Crosby, Sir Lynton ref1
Crosland, Anthony ref1
Crossrail Two ref1
cultural regeneration projects ref1, ref2
Cummings, Dominic ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Darlington ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
deindustrialization ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16
Democratic Unionist Party ref1
Derwentside College ref1
devolution ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16
Doncaster North ref1, ref2, ref3
Doncaster Royal Infirmary ref1
Doncaster Sheffield Airport ref1, ref2
Don Valley ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Dronfield Heritage Trust ref1
Dudley North ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Duffy, Gillian ref1
East Cleveland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Elddis Transport ref1
Elliott, Matthew ref1
Engel, Natascha ref1, ref2, ref3
ethnic minorities ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
European Coal and Steel Community ref1
European Economic Community (EEC) ref1, ref2
European Parliament elections: (1999) ref1; (2014) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; (2019) ref1, ref2
European Union (EU) ref1, ref2; Brexit and see Brexit; Common Fisheries Policy ref1, ref2; Common Market ref1; Eastern European countries join (1 May 2004) ref1, ref2; European elections see European elections; Lisbon Treaty ref1; Maastricht Treaty ref1; origins of ref1; UK–EU trade deal ref1, ref2
Farage, Nigel ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Ferryhill Station ref1
financial crisis (2008) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Financial Times ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Fishburn ref1
fishing ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12
Fishing for Leave campaign ref1
Fleming, Carol ref1
Fletcher, Nick ref1
Flint, Caroline ref1, ref2, ref3
food poverty ref1
Forshaw, Gary ref1
free market ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Gaitskell, Hugh ref1
garden festivals ref1
Gateshead ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14
general elections: (1951) ref1; (1979) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; (1983) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11; (1992) ref1, ref2, ref3; (1997) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13; (2001) ref1, ref2; (2005) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8; (2010) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15; (2015) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28; (2017) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28, ref29, ref30, ref31, ref32, ref33, ref34, ref35, ref36, ref37, ref38, ref39, ref40, ref41, ref42, ref43, ref44, ref45, ref46, ref47, ref48, ref49, ref50, ref51, ref52, ref53, ref54, ref55; (2019) Brexit and see Brexit; Conservative Party manifesto ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; Conservative Party red wall gains ref1, ref2; Conservative Party red wall target map ref3; Corbyn and see Corbyn, Jeremy; election campaign ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19; election night ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8; Johnson and see Johnson, Boris; Labour manifesto ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10; red wall seats and see individual seat name
Golby, Clare ref1
Good Work report ref1
Gove, Michael ref1
Grainger, Julie ref1
Greater Manchester ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13
Great Grimsby ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
Great Yorkshire Way ref1
green belt ref1
Green Book ref1
green energy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Green New Deal ref1
Grimsby Town Football Club ref1
Halfon, Rob ref1
Harrison, Walter ref1
Hartlepool ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Hartley Colliery ref1
Heath, Ted ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Henry Moore Institute ref1
Hepworth Gallery Wakefield ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Heron Foods ref1
Heseltine, Michael ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Heywood and Middleton ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Higginbotham, Antony ref1, ref2
Hill, Mike ref1
Hinchliffe, David ref1, ref2, ref3
Homes England ref1
Hornsea One ref1
Houchen, Ben ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
housing ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28, ref29, ref30, ref31, ref32, ref33, ref34, ref35, ref36, ref37, ref38, ref39, ref40, ref41, ref42; council housing ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14; social housing ref1
Howell, Paul ref1
Hudson, Neal ref1
Hughes, Eddie ref1
Hymer, Erwin ref1
identity politics ref1, ref2, ref3
immigration ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18
individualism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
infrastructure ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27
International Cuisine ref1
Iraq War (2003) ref1, ref3, ref4
isolation ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Ivanhoe Community Centre ref1
Jackson, Dan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Jacques, Brian ref1
Jeffcote, John ref1, ref2, ref3
Johnson, Alan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Johnson, Boris ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22; Blair and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; Brexit and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12; ‘Build Back Better’ pledge ref1; Cabinet ref1; campaigner, effective ref1; climate change and ref1, ref2; communication skills ref1; Conservative Party leadership contest (2019), wins ref1; Conservative Party MPs kicked out of Party by ref1; coronavirus and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; cultural Toryism emerges under ref1; culture wars and ref1, ref2; desire to be liked ref1; devolution and ref1; election victory (2019) and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9; electoral pledges ref1; electoral success ref1, ref2; Farage and ref1, ref2; fishing deal, signs with EU ref1, ref2; ‘full devolution’, pledges ref1; Gray on ref1; Grimsby Fish Market, visits ref1; Hartlepool by-election (2021) and ref1, ref2; hospitals, pledge to build new ref1; housing and ref1; Johnsonian Conservatism ref1; levelling up agenda and see levelling-up agenda; London mayor ref1, ref2; majority without red wall gains ref1; optimism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5; policing and ref1; political ideology ref1; popularity ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9; race to succeed ref1; Sedgefield, visits ref1; Starmer and ref1, ref2; Thatcher and ref1, ref2; underestimation of ref1; working-class voters and ref1
Johnson, Samuel ref1
Kanagasooriam, James ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Khan, Imran Ahmad ref1
Khan, Karim ref1
Killamarsh Heritage Society ref1
Kilroy-Silk, Robert ref1
Kinnock, Neil ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Kumari, Pooja ref1
LabourList ref1
Labour Party: age differential in voters ref1; Blair and see Blair, Tony; Brexit and see Brexit; centralization of decision-making and ref1, ref2, ref3; Corbyn and see Corbyn, Jeremy; cultural split in voting base ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9; David Miliband and see Miliband, David; economic message ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25; Ed Miliband and see Miliband, Ed; ethnic minorities and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5; European Parliament elections see European Parliament elections; financial crisis (2008) and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9; general elections see general elections; housing and see housing; immigration and see immigration; individualism and see individualism; jobs market and ref1; leadership contest (2010) ref1, ref2; leadership contest (2015) ref1, ref2; leadership contest (2020) ref1; left–right divide within ref1, ref2; left-wing activist base ref1, ref2, ref3; local elections and see local elections; manifesto (2017) ref1, ref2, ref3; manifesto (2019) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10; New Labour and see New Labour; Opinium survey of forty first-time Tory constituencies (2021) and ref1; rebuilding red wall ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22; red wall constituencies definition and ref1; red wall seats and see individual seat name; security, building a narrative around ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; Starmer and see Starmer, Keir; trust breakdown between traditional supporters and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12; turnout in red wall seats and ref1; Workington Man and ref1
Lammy, David ref1
Lansman, Jon ref1
Lavery, Ian ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Leeds ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17
Leeds Art Gallery ref1
Leicester East ref1
Leicester West ref1
Leigh ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
levelling-up agenda ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28, ref29, ref30, ref31, ref32, ref33, ref34; levelling-up fund ref1
Levido, Isaac ref1
Liberal Party ref1, ref2, ref3
Liberal Democrat ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
liberalization of society ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
local elections: (2016) ref1; (2021) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
local government ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
London Bridge terror attack (2017) ref1
Long-Bailey, Rebecca ref1
Lowes, Brian and Janine ref1, ref2, ref3
Mahmood, Arshad ref1
Mahmood, Fazal ref1
Mandelson, Peter ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Mansfield ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
manufacturing ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28, ref29
Marching to the Fault Line (Beckett/Hencke) ref1
May, Theresa ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26
McDonnell, John ref1
McElearney, Barry and Irene ref1, ref2
McNichol, Carol ref1
Merriman, Huw ref1
‘metro lands’ ref1
Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Midlands Engine ref1
Miliband, David ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Miliband, Ed ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22
Milne, Eddie ref1
mining ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28, ref29, ref30, ref31, ref32, ref33, ref34, ref35, ref36, ref37, ref38, ref39; miners’ strike (1984) ref1, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
Mitchell, Austin ref1
Mondeo Man ref1
Moore, Barry ref1
Moore, Henry ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Morrison, Herbert ref1
Mosley, Oswald ref1
Motorway Man ref1
MPs expenses scandal ref1, ref2
National Health Service (NHS) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14
National Minimum Wage ref1, ref2
National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) ref1, ref2, ref3
Neil, Andrew ref1
Newcastle ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22
New Labour ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7; asylum seekers and ref1; Boris
Johnson’s domestic policy and ref1; Brexit and ref1, ref2; centralization of decision-making and ref1; cities, focus on ref1; cultural attitudes ref1; economic competence, reputation for ref1, ref2; education policies ref1, ref2; general election (1997) ref1, ref2; Labour leadership contest (2010) and ref1; legacy criticized by leaders following Blair and Brown ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5; modernization agenda ref1, ref2; Mondeo Man and ref1; northern England, legacy in ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15; Sedgefield and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11; voter coalition (Hampstead–Humberside alliance) ref1, ref2, ref3
Nici, Lia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
North East Derbyshire ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
North East Technology Park (NETPark) ref1, ref2
Northern Powerhouse ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Northumberland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Northumberland Line railway ref1
North West Durham ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
nostalgia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16
Ohio, US ref1
Oliver, Robert ref1
O’Neill, Jim ref1
O’Neill, Con ref1
Opinium survey of forty first-time Tory constituencies (2021) ref1
optimism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21
Ørsted ref1
Osborne, George ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Owatemi, Taiwo ref1
Owen, Vera ref1
Pakistan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
patriotism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14
Payne, Bronwen ref1, ref2, ref3
Payne, Charles Trevor ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Peacock, Elizabeth ref1
People’s Vote campaign for second referendum ref1, ref2, ref3
Pidcock, Laura ref1, ref2, ref3
Post Office ref1
poverty ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16
poverty of aspiration ref1
Powell, Enoch ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Preston ref1
Priestley, J. B.: English Journey ref1, ref2
productivity ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10
Project Genesis ref1
Putney ref1
Radford ref1
Reckless, Mark ref1
Redcar ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
red wall seats: categories of ref1; Conservative Party gains 2017 ref1; Conservative Party gains 2019 ref1, ref3; Conservative Party research into ref4, ref5; Conservative Party target map for 2019 election and ref1; criteria that define ref1, ref2; distribution of seats ref1, ref2; elections and see general elections and individual election name; generational shift or one-off event, turnover in seats as ref1, ref2; Kanagasooriam model of ref1, ref2, ref3; Labour Party retention of seats in 2019 election ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4; Labour Party possibility of rebuilding ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20; New Labour legacy in see New Labour; Opinium survey of forty first-time Tory constituencies in (2021) ref1; pandemic and see coronavirus; turnout in ref1; Thatcher’s legacy in see Thatcher, Margaret; typical marginals and ref1. See also individual seat name
Reid, Suzanne ref1
regional assemblies ref1
Richards, Stephen ref1
Ridley, Gary ref1
Ridley, Matt ref1
Rother Valley ref1, ref2, ref3
Rotheram, Steve ref1
Rowley, Lee ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Rudd, Amber ref1
Runnymede Trust ref1
Safran Nacelles ref1
Samuel Smith pubs ref1
Scargill, Arthur ref1
Scotland ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
Scott, George Gilbert ref1
Scottish Conservatives ref1
Scottish National Party (SNP) ref1, ref2
Second World War (1939) ref1, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Sedgefield ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
Sewell report of the Commission on Race and Ethnic Disparities ref1, ref2, ref3
Shotley Bridge project ref1
Sikh community ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Skelton, Dave ref1, ref2; Little Platoons ref1
Skinner, Dennis ref1
Social Democratic Party (SDP) ref1
socialism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14
Starmer, Keir: author interviews ref1; Blair and ref1; Brexit and ref1, ref2, ref3; Creagh on ref1; cultural issues and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5; David Miliband and ref1; Ed Miliband and ref1, ref2; Flint on ref1; general election (2019) and ref1; Gove on ref1; Kinnock on ref1, ref2; Lavery and ref1; left–right divide in Labour Party voter base and ref1; left-wing activist base in Labour Party and ref1; Mandelson on ref1; McDonnell and ref1, ref2; patriotism and ref1; popularity ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8; Rayner and ref1; red wall and ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6; Robinson on ref1; virtual tour of UK ref1
Staveley ref1
steel industry ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22
Stuart, Gisela ref1
Stubbs, Vivian ref1
Sultana, Zarah ref1
Sunak, Rishi ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Sure Start programme ref1, ref2, ref3
Survation ref1
Tatoli, Frank ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Taylor, Matthew ref1
Tebbit, Norman ref1, ref2, ref3
Thatcher, Margaret ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18, ref19, ref20, ref21, ref22, ref23, ref24, ref25, ref26, ref27, ref28, ref29, ref30, ref31, ref32, ref33, ref34, ref35, ref36, ref37, ref38, ref39, ref40, ref41, ref42, ref43
Timothy, Nick ref1
Todmorden Curve ref1
Toulson, Emma ref1
Tow Law ref1
towns, importance of ref1
transport links ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14
Trimdon ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Trump, Donald ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
UKIP (UK Independence Party) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14
unemployment ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16, ref17, ref18
United States Presidential Election: (2016) ref1; (2020) ref1, ref2, ref3
university education ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
University of Central Lancashire (UCLan) ref1
Velocity Composites ref1
Verdion ref1
Vote Leave ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Wakefield ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Wales ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Wallis, Simon ref1, ref2, ref3
Walsall North ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Wansbeck ref1
Warsi, Sayeeda ref1
WASPI women compensation ref1
Webbe, Claudia ref1
Welby, Archbishop of Canterbury, Justin ref1
West Cumbria Coal Mine project ref1
West Marsh ref1
West Midlands Mayor ref1, ref2
West Yorkshire ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
Wigan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Williams, Jennifer ref1
Williamson, Gavin ref1
Williams-Walker, Shelley ref1
Wilson, Harold ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Wilson, Phil ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Workington Man ref1
Wynee, Jayne ref1
Yorkshire Sculpture Park ref1, ref2, ref3
Youngstown, Ohio ref1
zero-hours contracts ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8