The author and publishers wish to thank the following for the use of copyright material:
Maps 1 and 2 adapted from H. Best, Die Männer von Bildung und Besitz (Düsseldorf, 1990), 250 and 289, reproduced with permission of Droste and the Kommission für die Geschichte des Parlamentarismus und der politischen Parteien.
Map 3 adapted from R. Okey, The Habsburg Monarchy, c. 1765–1918 (Basingstoke, 2001), xii, reproduced with permission of Palgrave.
Figure 4.1 adapted from H. Brandt, Parlamentarismus in Württemberg 1819–1870 (Düsseldorf, 1987), reproduced with permission of Droste and the Kommission für die Geschichte des Parlamentarismus und der politischen Parteien.
Tables 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3 from W. Siemann, The German Revolution of 1848–49 (Basingstoke, 1998), 113, 122, 124, reproduced with permission of Palgrave Macmillan.
Tables 5.1, 5.2 and 5.3 from A. Biefang, Politisches Bürgertum in Deutschland 1857–1868 (Düsseldorf, 1994), 104, 245, and 304, reproduced with permission of Droste and the Kommission für die Geschichte des Parlamentarismus und der politischen Parteien.
Every effort has been made to trace the copyright holders, but if any have been inadvertently overlooked the publishers will be pleased to make the necessary arrangements at the first opportunity.