ACRONYM KEY

2JM

Bewegung 2. Juni (2nd of June Movement); Berlinbased anarchist guerilla group formed in early 1972, its name comes from the date of the police shooting of protester Benno Ohnesorg in 1967.

APO

Außerparlemtarische Opposition (Extra-Parliamentary Opposition); the name given to the broad-based militant opposition with its roots in the student movement that encompassed the left-wing anti-imperialist and social revolutionary movements of the late sixties and early seventies.

ARD

Arbeitsgemeinschaft der öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunkanstalten der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (Syndicate for Publicly Regulated Radio Stations in the Federal Republic of Germany); state-funded radio.

BAW

Bundesanwaltschaft (Federal Prosecutors Office); noted for its aggressive prosecution of cases against the guerilla and the left.

BGS

Bundesgrenzschutz (Federal Border Patrol); border security police.

BKA

Bundeskriminalamt (Federal Criminal Bureau); the German equivalent of the FBI, particularly active in police activities against the guerilla and the left.

BND

Bundesnachrichtendienst (Federal Intelligence Service); the FRG’s foreign intelligence service.

CDU

Christlich Demokratisches Union Deutschlands (Christian Democratic Union of Germany); Germany’s mainstream conservative party.

CSU

Christlich-Soziale Union in Bayern (Bavarian Christian-Social Union); Bavaria’s mainstream conservative party, the Bavarian partner to the CDU.

DGB

Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund (German Union Federation); the largest union federation in the FRG.

DKP

Deutsche Kommunistische Partei (German Communist Party); the pro-Soviet communist party founded in 1968, in effect the rebranding of the KPD (Communist Party of Germany), which was banned in 1956.

FAZ

Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung; a high-quality, national, moderate conservative, German daily newspaper.

FDP

Freie Demokratische Partei (Free Democratic Party); Germany’s mainstream liberal party.

GIM

Groupe Internationale Marxisten (International Marxist Group); West German section of the Trotskyist Fourth International active in the FRG in the seventies and eighties, fused with the KPD/ML to form the VSP in 1986.

GSG-9

Grenzschutzgruppe 9 (Border Patrol Group 9); officially part of the BGS, in practice Germany’s antiterrorist special operations unit.

KB

Kommunistischer Bund (Communist League); a small Maoist group active in the seventies.

KBW

Kommunistischer Bund Westdeutschland (West German Communist League); founded in Bremen in 1973. A Maoist organization originally associated with China, subsequently shifted their support to Albania and Pol Pot’s Cambodian regime. Dissolved in 1985.

KPD

Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands (Communist Party of Germany); pro-Soviet communist party founded in 1919, banned under Hitler in 1933 and under Adenauer in 1956, rebranded as DKP (German Communist Party) in 1968. Also a Maoist party founded by the KPD/AO in 1971 and dissolved in 1980.

KPD/AO

Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands/Aufbauorganisation (Communist Party of Germany/Pre-Party Formation); a Maoist organization founded in 1970, became the KPD in 1971.

KPD/ML

Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands/Marxisten-Leninisten (Communist Party of Germany/Marxist-Leninist); a Maoist party founded on December 31, 1968. It fused with the Trotskyist GIM in 1986 to form the VSP.

KSV

Kommunistische Studentverband (Communist Student Association); student wing of the KPD/AO and later the KPD, founded in 1971 and dissolved in 1980.

ID

Informationsdienst; a left-wing news service published weekly from 1973 until 1981. In 1988, its archives were used to launch the left-wing publisher, Verlag Edition ID-Archiv, specializing in books about the German far left.

LG

Landesgericht (Land Court); each of the Länder had it’s own court system.

LKA

Landeskriminalamt (Land Criminal Bureau); the equivalent of the BKA functioning at the level of a state or province.

LWA

Landesanwaltschaft (Land Prosecutors Office); the equivalent of a state or provincial prosecutors office.

NPD

Nationaldemokratische Partei Deutschlands (National Democratic Party); far-right political party, supported by many neo-nazis.

OLG

Oberlandesgericht (Land Court of Appeal); each of the Länder had it’s own Court of Appeal.

ÖTV

Gewerkschaft öffentliche Dienste, Transport und Verkehr (The Public Service, Transport, and Communication Union).

PFLP

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine; founded in 1953, secular nationalist and Marxist, the second largest tendency within the PLO after Fatah.

PFLP (EO)

Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (External Operations); originally a section of the PFLP, expelled in the early seventies for conducting controversial actions outside of Israel, effectively dissolved in 1978 after the death of its leader Waddi Haddad, who had been poisoned by the Mossad.

RAF

Rote Armee Fraktion (Red Army Faction).

RH

Rote Hilfe (Red Aid); an important prisoner support network which came out of the APO.

RH E.V.

Rote Hilfe e.v. (Red Aid registered association); a Red Aid network set up by the KPD/AO in 1970.

RZ

Revolutionäre Zellen (Revolutionary Cells); founded in 1973, most groups within its structure ceased activity in 1991, with the final action occurring in 1994.

SDS

Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund (Socialist German Students Federation); founded by the SDS in 1946. By the late sixties it was an independent left-wing student federation and the most significant organization in the APO. It dissolved in 1970.

SHB

Sozialdemokratischer Hochschulbund (Social Democratic Student Federation); founded in 1960 by the SPD, dissolved in 1992.

SPD

Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands (Social Democratic Party of Germany); Germany’s mainstream social democratic party.

SPK

Socialistiches Patientenkollektiv (Socialist Patients’ Collective); founded in 1970, part of the antipsychiatry movement. It dissolved under extreme state pressure in 1971, many of its core members later joining the RAF.

VSP

Vereingte Sozialistische Partei (United Socialist Party); formed in 1986 through the fusion of the KPD/ML and the GIM, splintered into various groups in 1993.

ZDF

Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen (Second German Television); German publicly regulated television, Europe’s largest broadcasting corporation.