Index

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Adams, Abigail

Adams, George

Adams, John

death of

delegate to Continental Congress

funeral

invited to fiftieth-year July 4 celebration

not present at Constitutional Convention

opinion on the Declaration of Independence

papers of

recollections of, in old age

signing the Bill of Rights

signing the Declaration of Independence

troubled by Americans’ lack of interest in history

Adams, John II

Adams, John Quincy

Adams, Samuel

Adams, Susanna

Adams, Thomas

Alden, Roger

“all men are created equal” (Jefferson)

amendments to the Constitution

before ratification, demanded

American Heritage Foundation

American Revolution

paintings to commemorate

prior to 1776

Anderson, L. T.

Andrews, Alonzo A.

Annapolis

anti-Federalists

Aristotle

Armstrong, Helen

Armstrong, John

Arnold, Isaac

Articles of Confederation

engrossed copy

failures of

revision of, planned

total replacement of

Washington’s opinion of

artworks, protection of, in wartime

Augustine, St.

Bacon, Francis H.

Baer, Norbert S.

Baldwin, Abraham

Baltimore

Barbour, James

Bartlett, Josiah

Baxter, James Phinney

Bedford, Gunning

Bell, Alexander Graham

Berlin, Irving

Bier, Robt. L.

bill of rights

national, need for, urged

postponement of consideration urged by Madison

Bill of Rights (First Ten Amendments)

drafting of

engrossing of. See next entry

living value of

place among Charters of Freedom

Bill of Rights (First Ten Amendments), Engrossed copy

at National Archives (1952)

Bill of Rights Day (December 15)

Biltmore House, North Carolina

Binns, John

Birmingham, Alabama

“Blessings of Liberty” (Morris)

blockades, British

bombproof structures, documents stored in

Bond, Dr. Thomas

Boston

Brady, James H.

Britain. See England

British form of government

praised by Hamilton

British Museum

bombing of

storage of treasures of

British navy

Bryant, Gridley

Buck, Solon

Bulloch, Archibald

Bush, George W.

Butler, Price

Calhoun, John C.

Canby, William J.

Capitol, the, protection of, in wartime

Carlin, John W.

Carroll, Charles

invited to fiftieth-year July 4 celebration

Carvel, Elbert

caves, storage in, disadvantages of

census

Centennial Exhibition of 1876

display of inventions at

central, some terms beginning with. See national

Chandler, Charles F.

Charleston

Charters Monitoring System

Charters of Freedom

defined by Truman

importance of documents to the national psyche

at Library of Congress, potential threats to

living values of

MacLeish and

restoration, conservation and redisplay of

safeguarded in Fort Knox

transfer to National Archives (1952)

Chase, Salmon

checks and balances

chief executive. See national executive; President

Chiefs of Staff Conference (December 26, 1941)

Churchill, Winston

address to Congress

Cicero

Civil War

Clapp, Verner W.

Clark, Aaron

Clark, Abraham

Clark, Susan

Clark, Thomas

Clay, Henry

Claypoole, David

Clymer, George

Cochrane, Sir Alexander

Colbenz, William

Colby, Bainbridge

cold war

colonies

nine in favor of independence

See also states

Committee on Conservation of Cultural Resources (CCCR)

Committee of Five

Common Sense (Paine)

Confederacy (slaveholding)

Confederation Congress

call for a Federal Convention to amend the Articles of Confederation

Congress. See Confederation Congress; Congress, U.S.; Continental Congress

Congress, U.S.

custody of documents given to State Department

power of, compared to that of the President

Connecticut

at the Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

Connecticut Compromise

Constitutional Convention of 1787

Committee of Detail

Committee of Style and Arrangement

convened for the purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation

convening of (May 1787)

delegates from states to

formerly known as the Federal Convention

Grand Committee

Madison’s notes

official record of

second convention proposed for the purpose of amending the Constitution before ratification

secrecy rules

states absent from

states represented at

Constitution of the United States

approved by Washington and Franklin

Articles of

creation of. See Constitutional Convention of 1787

engrossed. See next entry

influence of the Declaration of Independence on

influence on Gettysburg Address

living value of

opposition to

place among Charters of Freedom

preamble to

published in newspapers

signed and approved

state ratification conventions

supporters of

writing of

Constitution of the United States, engrossed copy

condition of document considered good

displayed at Library of Congress

importance of document to national psyche

in “custody and charge” of the State Department

leaving Library of Congress for the National Archives (1952)

returned to Library of Congress after World War II

safeguarded during War of 1812

safeguarded in Fort Knox, during World War II

sealed in cases, no longer available (ca. 1898)

Washington’s transmittal letter as part of

Continental Congress

discussing the Declaration of Independence

First

fled Philadelphia (1776)

papers of

resolution of, re independence

Second

Coolidge, Calvin

Crown, the

authority of, denied

destruction of symbols of

grievances against

rebellion against, as treason

See also King

Cunningham, W. H.

Curtin, Andrew

Cushing, Caleb

debtors

Declaration of Independence

analysis of structure of

basis of America’s future foreign policy

discussed in the Continental Congress

drafting and editing of

engrossed. See next entry

eulogies to

influence on the Constitution

influence on the Gettysburg Address

influences on

inspiration of, in the War for Independence

place among Charters of Freedom

printing and distribution of

read out loud to Washington’s troops

revered by Lincoln

signers’ later lives

signers of

signing ceremony

value to the world

vote to approve

Declaration of Independence, engrossed and signed copy

displayed at dedication of Jefferson Memorial

displayed at Library of Congress

facsimiles of (1818)

importance of document to national psyche

leaving Library of Congress for the National Archives (1952)

moved to State Department

physical condition of

reading of, at Centennial Exhibition of 1876

restoration of

returned to Library of Congress after World War II

safeguarded during War of 1812

safeguarded in Fort Knox during World War II

sealed in cases, no longer available (1898)

signatures on

Delaware

at the Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

ratification of U.S. Constitution

Denison University, Granville, Ohio

Dickinson, John

Dill, Sir John

documents (generally)

effect of light on

in encasements

engrossing of

safeguarding of the most important ones

See also Charters of Freedom

“domestic tranquility” (Morris)

Donovan, William “Wild Bill”

Dunlap, John

Ehrlich, Evelyn

Eisenhower, Dwight D.

electoral college

Ellsworth, Henry L.

Ellsworth, Oliver

Emancipation Proclamation

Emerson, Ralph Waldo

England

assault on Washington, D.C. (1814)

reconciliation with, precluded by John Adams’ resolution of independence

English people, Jefferson’s excoriation of

engrossing a document

Erie Canal

“establish justice” (Morris)

Etting, Frank

Evans, Luther

Everett, Edward

speech at Gettysburg

factions

Farrow, Samuel

federal, some terms beginning with. See national

Federal Convention of 1787. See Constitutional Convention of 1787

federal district (Washington City)

federal government

Madison’s idea of

vs. national government, according to Morris

Federal Hall, NYC

The Federalist Papers

Federalists. See nationalists

Federal Records Act of 1950

Ferriero, David S.

Floyd, William

Ford, Henry II

foreclosures

Forrester, Guy Nelson

Fort Hunt, Virginia

Fort Knox, Kentucky

transport of documents to, in World War II

Fort McHenry

Fort Ticonderoga

the Founders

legacy of

slave owning by

founding documents

defined by Truman

“Four score and seven years ago” (Lincoln)

Fourth of July. See July 4 entries

France

storage of treasures of, in war

trade with, during War of 1812

Frankfurter, Felix

Franklin, Benjamin

delegate to Constitutional Convention

delegate to Continental Congress

opinion of the Constitution

signing the Declaration of Independence

freedom, essential principles of, stated in Declaration of Independence

Freedom Train of 1847–1949

popularity of

Freedom Train of 1975–1976

freemen

Frost, J. T.

George III

statues of, overturned

George VI, King, and Queen Elizabeth

Georgia

at the Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

position on independence

Germany

attacks on libraries and museums in Europe

bombing of U.S. territory, in World War II

fear of attack by, on Washington, D.C.

Gerry, Elbridge

Gettysburg, Pennsylvania

campaign and battle

cemetery

Lincoln at

Gettysburg Address

handwritten copies of

immediate reactions to

importance of document to national psyche

influences on

original manuscript of

returned to Library of Congress

what it accomplished

Gilpin, Henry D.

Gleig, G. R.

Goddard, Mary Katherine

“goes not abroad in search of monsters to destroy” (J. Q. Adams)

Goff, Frederick

gold bullion

Gorgas, Josiah, diary of a Confederate soldier

gorges, storage in, advantages of

Gorham, Nathaniel

government, lawfulness of

“government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth” (Lincoln)

“governments deriving their powers from the consent of the governed” (Declaration of Independence)

Grant, Ulysses S.

Great Britain. See England

Great Compromise

Green, Theodore

Greenland

gridlock

Grover, Wayne

Gutenberg Bible (St. Blasius-St. Paul copy)

Hamilton, Alexander

delegate to Constitutional Convention

papers of

support of Constitution

Hancock, John

signature of

Harding, Warren G.

Harrison, Benjamin (of Virginia)

Harrison, William Henry

Hatfield, W. C.

Hay, Clara

Hay, John

Hearst, William Randolph

Hemings, Sally

Henry, Patrick

eventually agrees to Constitution

opposed to the Constitution

position on independence

history, America’s lack of interest in

Hitler, Adolf

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, Jr.

Hoover, Herbert

Hopkins, Stephen

Houses of Parliament

Houston Public Library

Hughes, Charles Evans

Hume, David

Hungarian National Archives

“if men were angels, no governments would be necessary” (Madison)

Illinois State Archives

impeachment

impressments

incendiary bombs, used against libraries

independence

debate about

moderates’ doubts about

reasons for declaring it

Independence Hall, Philadelphia

Indian tribes

individual vs. the state

isolationism

Jackson, Andrew

Jackson, William

Japan

bombing of U.S. territory, in World War II

fear of attack by, on Washington, D.C.

Jay, John

Jefferson, Thomas

biography

custody of engrossed Constitution

death of

delegate to Continental Congress

diaries of

drafting Declaration of Independence

epitaph at grave of

invited to fiftieth-year July 4 celebration

library of

and Library of Congress

not present at Constitutional Convention, but kept informed

opinion of the Constitution

position on independence

recollections of, in old age

retirement at Monticello

revered by Lincoln

as secretary of State

signing the Declaration of Independence

a slaveholder

on slavery

troubled by Americans’ lack of interest in history

in War of 1812

writings of

Jefferson Memorial, Washington D.C.

Jennings, Paul

Jersey (prison ship)

Johnson, William Samuel

Joint Committee on the Library

Jones, Norvell M.

Jones, Walter

Jubilee of 1826

July 4

battles on (1863)

celebrations

centennial (1876)

death of Adams and Jefferson on the same day (1826)

glorious place in American history (Lincoln)

important events on

Jubilee (1826)

Key, Francis Scott

Kimberley, Arthur E.

king

powers of a

See also Crown; George III

King, Ernest

King, Rufus

Kirby, Gustavus T.

Knox, Henry

Kremer, Alvin W.

Lafayette, Marquis de

Lambert, William

Lamon, Ward Hill

large states

Latin America

Lee, Richard Henry

delegate to Continental Congress

position on independence

signing the Declaration of Independence

Lee, Richard Henry (grandson of the above), speech to Centennial Exhibition of 1876

Lee, Robert E.

legislature. See national legislature

Lend-Lease bill (HR 1776)

Lewis, Elizabeth

Lewis, Francis

Lexington, Virginia

librarians, role of, in war

libraries and museums, German attacks on

Library of Congress

burning of first library (1814)

documents displayed at

documents transferred to National Archives (1952)

irreplaceable collections of

marble shrine for displaying documents

rebuilt after British burning of

relocation of 5000 boxes of material (1942)

safety of documents at

storage of treasures of

war efforts in World War II

“Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness” (Jefferson)

Life magazine

Lincoln, Abraham

Civil War presidency

invited to Gettysburg

papers, donated to the Library of Congress

Lincoln, Robert Todd

Lincoln, Tad

Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address

Littlejohn, Rev. Mr.

Livingston, Robert

Locke, John

London, bombing of

Look magazine

Louisiana Purchase

Louisville, Kentucky

Louvre, storage of treasures of

lower house

number of representatives in

thirty thousand inhabitants represented by each congressman

Lyman Hall

Machen, Lewis

MacLeish, Ada

MacLeish, Archibald

actions to save irreplaceable documents

advocating U.S. involvement in World War II

and Charters of Freedom

death of

later years

legacy of accomplishments at Library of Congress

as Librarian of Congress

librarians’ resistance to appointment of

packing documents for shipping to Fort Knox

packing 5000 boxes of papers for shipment to other locations

resignation and reappointment by Roosevelt to State Department

urges a bombproof shelter for documents

war efforts in World War II

Macon, Nathaniel

Madison, Dolly Payne

Madison, James

and Bill of Rights

death of

delegate to Constitutional Convention

in the First Congress

invited to fiftieth-year July 4 celebration

notes on the Constitutional Convention

papers of

ratification of U.S. Constitution

revered by Lincoln

support of the Constitution

in War of 1812

Magna Carta

influence on Declaration of Independence

Lincoln Cathedral copy, Library of Congress custody of, during World War II

Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society, bombing of library of

Marbury v. Madison case

Marshall, George C.

Martin, Lawrence

Martin, Luther

Maryland

at the Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

position on independence

relations with other states

Mason, George

delegate to Constitutional Convention

opposed to the Constitution

position on independence

Massachusetts

at the Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

opposition to Constitution in

position on independence

rebellion in

Matlack, Timothy

McBride, Harry

McDonald, John

McHenry, James

McKean, Thomas

Mearns, David

Memphis, Tennessee

Merrill, John A.

middle colonies

Middleton, Arthur

Miller, Robert (journalist at Gettysburg)

mines, storage in, advantages and disadvantages of

Monroe, James

and Bill of Rights

delegate to Constitutional Convention

foreign policy

invited to fiftieth-year July 4 celebration

opposed to the Constitution

in War of 1812

Monroe Doctrine

Montesquieu, baron de

Monticello

“a more perfect union” (Morris)

Morgenthau, Henry

Moriarty, Daniel

Morris, Gouverneur

contribution to writing of the Constitution

delegate to Constitutional Convention

personality

revered by Lincoln

Morris, Robert

Morse, Samuel

Morton (a Pennsylvania delegate)

Mount Vernon

Muhlenberg, Frederick Augustus

Murphy, Joseph E.

Museum of Fine Arts, Boston

Napoleon

Napoleonic Wars

National Academy of Sciences

National Archives

documents enshrined at

documents transferred from Library of Congress (1952)

National Archives and Records Administration

relocation of documents in World War II

rotunda of

safeguards of key documents in

technology of

national capital, location of

National Constitution Center, Philadelphia

national executive. See also President

National Gallery (England), storage of treasures of

National Gallery of Art

national government

debated at Constitutional Convention

vs. federal form of government

necessity of

proponents of

nationalists (Federalists)

national judiciary

national legislature

power of, compared to that of national executive

second house (Senate), equality of state votes in

two houses of

National Museum

storage of treasures of

National Resources Planning Board

Nazis

Neal, Barbara

Neal, Harry

Neal, Harry, Jr.

New England colonies

New Hampshire

at the Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

ratification of U.S. Constitution

New Jersey

at the Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

position on independence

Newton, Sir Isaac

New York

at the Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

opposition to Constitution in

position on independence

ratification of U.S. Constitution

relations with other states

New York City

New York Convention

New York Public Library

Nicolay, Helen

Nicolay, John

Niles, Hezekiah

North Carolina

at the Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

opposition to Constitution in

ratification of U.S. Constitution

northern states

Northwest Territory

Observations on the New Constitution (by a Columbian Patriot)

Office of Strategic Services (OSS)

Old Executive Office Building

Oregon Territory

Our American Heritage (booklet)

Page, John

Page, Thad

Paine, Thomas

paper money

Paris

Patent Office

Paterson, William

Pearl Harbor attack

Pennsylvania

at the Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

position on independence

Pennsylvania Committee of Safety

Pennsylvania State House

“people are the King” (Morris)

Philadelphia

Pierce, William

Pinckney, Charles

Pleasonton, Stephen

Ploeser, Walter Christian

population of states, how determined

Potomac River

Pound, Sir Dudley

President

election of

length of term

powers of, limited

Prohibitory Act

“promote the general welfare” (Morris)

property, and representation

proportional representation

vs. state sovereignty

“provide for the common defence” (Morris)

Providence, Rhode Island

Public Building Administration

Putnam, Herbert

Quakers

railroads

Randolph, Edmund, delegate to Constitutional Convention

Read, George

Reader’s Digest

rebellion against the king viewed as treasonous

relocation model of storage

representation

apportioned according to population

property and

republic, America as

“a republic, if you can keep it” (Franklin)

Revolutionary War

going badly (1776)

Rhode Island

absent from Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

opposition to Constitution in

ratification of U.S. Constitution

rights of man, stated in Declaration of Independence

“a rising and not a setting sun” (Franklin)

Rodney, Caesar

delegate to Continental Congress

signing the Declaration of Independence

Rodney, Thomas

Roosevelt, Franklin D.

appoints MacLeish as Librarian of Congress

appoints MacLeish to State Department

concern about Library of Congress documents

four terms of

seeks declaration of war (date of infamy speech)

speech at Jefferson Memorial dedication

in World War II

Ross, Robert

Ross, Stoyte O.

Rush, Benjamin

Rush, Richard

Rutledge, Edward

Rutledge, John

San Jacinto Monument

Saunders, William

Secret Service

Selma, Alabama

Senate

advice and consent of

as deliberative body

equality of state votes in

separation of powers

September 11, 2001, terrorist attack

Sergeant, John

Seventeenth Amendment

Shallus, Jacob

Shannon, Neil

Shawnee

Shays, Daniel

Shays’ Rebellion

Shenandoah National Park, Luray, Virginia

Sherman, Roger

Signers. See under Declaration of Independence

Signing Day (August 2, 1787)

Sioussat, John Pierre

slaveholders, many Founders as

slavery

extinction of

the word

slaves

counting of

emancipation of

number of, in America

as property

slave trade

small states

Smith, Harry

Smith, Margaret Bayard

South Carolina

at the Constitutional Convention

in the Continental Congress

Southern Railway tunnel (in Washington D.C.)

southern states

Speed, James

Stanton, Edwin

“The Star-Spangled Banner” (Key)

State Department

custody of documents

states

abolishing of, proposed

disputes among

equality of votes in the Senate

relations between

state sovereignty

states’ rights

proponents of

Stockton, Richard

Stokley, William S.

Stone, Harlan, F.

Stone, William J.

Stout, George L.

Strong, Caleb

Stuart, Archibald

Stuart, Gilbert

A Summary View of the Rights of British America (Jefferson)

Sumner, Charles

Supreme Court

tariffs

taxes

Tecumseh, chief

Thirteenth Amendment

Thompson, John, fable of

Thomson, Charles

three-fifths compromise

Tories

trade

treason, rebellion as

Treasury Department building, tunnel under

Treaty of Paris

Trenton, New Jersey

trial by jury

Truman, Harry

Trumbull, John

Twenty-second Amendment

Twenty-seventh Amendment

Tyler, Benjamin Owen

Tyler, John

U-boats

“unalienable rights” (Jefferson)

unconstitutionality

Union Station, Washington, D.C.

United Nations

United States

changes in fifty years after Independence

changes in one hundred years after Independence

fear of attack on American mainland, during World War II

foreign policy

lack of interest in early history of, claimed by Jefferson

preservation of the Union urged by Lincoln

University of Virginia at Charlottesville

Valley Forge

Van Horne, R.J.

Vermont

vessels, subject to forfeiture

veto

override of

vice president

Victoria and Albert Museum, storage of treasures of

Vinson, Fred

Virginia

at the Constitutional Convention

Constitution of

in the Continental Congress

Convention (legislature) of

Council of

Declaration of Rights

opposition to Constitution in

position on independence

ratification of the Constitution

relations with other states

slavery in

Virginia Military Institute

Virginia Plan

Wait, Thomas

war, declaration of

War of 1812

Warren, Mercy Otis

Washington, D.C.

burning of (1814)

English assault on

as national capital

readiness prior to World War II

storage of treasures of

Washington, George

commander in chief of Continental army

delegate to Constitutional Convention

elected as president of the Constitutional Convention

elected as President of the United States

Father of His Country

inaugural address

opinion of the Articles of Confederation

opinion of the Constitution

opinion on independence

papers of

portrait of (Stuart)

revered by Lincoln

Washington and Lee University

Waters, Edward

Webster, Daniel

“We hold these truths to be self-evident” (Jefferson)

Weightman, Roger C.

“We must all hang together” (Franklin)

“We the People of the United States” (Morris)

White House

burning of (1814)

painting it black

protection of, in wartime

Wills, David

Wilson, Dr. Charles

Wilson, Frank

Wilson, James

delegate to Constitutional Convention

delegate to Continental Congress

position on independence

Winder, William

Wirt, Catharine

World War I

memory of, and isolationism

World War II

U.S. entry into

Yates, Robert

York, Canada

Yorktown, Cornwallis’ surrender at