I
FOUNDERS
Settlements whose founders are attested in the ancient sources are listed below. Definite attributions in the ancient sources are indicated thus: (+). Probable or possible attributions in the ancient sources are indicated thus: (@). Whether or not the attribution may be accepted as correct is another question. The reader should consult the particular entry for further discussion and references.
An asterisk indicates that Seleukos I Nikator as founder is attested only in Appian Syriake 57.
The numerous Alexandreias present a particular problem. As I have noted above in regard to other Hellenistic settlements, I have listed with a (+) settlements that I believe are reliably attributed to Alexander by an ancient source. Example: Pliny says Alexander founded XYLINEPOLIS. The attribution, therefore, is definite. For this reason, I list this settlement with a (+). Whether, in fact, Alexander actually founded Xylinepolis is another question. The reader should consult the particular entry for further discussion and references. One should also bear in mind that some Alexandrian settlements were referred to with different epithets by different ancient and modern authors.
ARMENIA
| Arsamosata | Arsames (@) |
| Artaxata | Artaxias (+) |
| Epiphaneia | Antiochos IV Epiphanes (@) |
| Philadelpheia | Demetrios II Theos Philadelphos Nikator, Arsakes II, or Artabanos I Philadelphos |
| Tigranokerta | Tigranes II (+) |
NORTHERN MESOPOTAMIA
| Amida | Seleukos I Nikator (+) |
| Antioch in Mygdonia | Nikanor (@) |
| Apameia on the Euphrates | Seleukos I Nikator (+) |
| Edessa/Antioch on the Kallirhoe | Seleukos I Nikator (+) |
| Kallinikon | Seleukos II Kallinikos (+) |
| Karrhai | Alexander or Antigonos I Monophthalmos |
| Kirkesion | Seleukos II Kallinikos (+) |
| Nikatoris | Seleukos I Nikator (@) |
| Nikephorion (Raqqah) | Alexander or Seleukos I Nikator* |
| Stratonikeia | Seleukos I Nikator or Antichos I Soter |
ASSYRIA AND APOLLONIATIS/SITTAKENE
| Alexandreia Arbela | Alexander (@) |
| Apameia | Antiochos I (+) |
| Demetrias | Demetrios I or Demetrios II |
| Karka de Beth Selok | Seleukos I Nikator (@) |
SOUTHERN MESOPOTAMIA AND THE PERSIAN GULF
| Alexandreia/Antioch/Spasinou Charax | Alexander (+)/Antiochos IV Epiphanes (@) |
| Alexandreia near Babylon | Alexander (+) |
| [Alexandreia] near the Pallakopas | Alexander (@) |
| Antioch on the Ishtar Canal | Seleukos I Nikator or Antiochos I Soter |
| Apameia in Mesene | Antiochos I Soter (+) |
| Seleukeia on the Tigris | Seleukos I Nikator (+) |
ELYMAIS, SUSIANA, PERSIS, AND CARMANIA
| Alexandreia ΕΠΙ ΣΟΥΣΟΙΣ | Alexander (@) |
| Altars of Alexander | Alexander (@)/Nearchos (@) |
| Antioch in Persis | Seleukos I Nikator or Antiochos I Soter |
| Laodikeia | Antiochos I Soter (@) |
| Portus Macedonum | Alexander (@)/Nearchos (@) |
| Seleukeia on the Eulaios | Seleukos I Nikator (@) |
MEDIA, HYRCANIA, AND PARTHIA
| Achaia | Seleukos I Nikator* |
| Alexandropolis | Alexander (@) |
| Apameia | Seleukos I Nikator (@) |
| Charis | Seleukos I Nikator* |
| Epiphaneia Ekbatana | Seleukos I Nikator (+)/Antiochos IV Epiphanes (@) |
| Eumeneia | Eumenes of Kardia (@) |
| Europos Rhagai | Seleukos I Nikator (+) |
| Hekatompylos | Seleukos I Nikator (@) |
| Kalliope | Seleukos I Nikator (+) |
| Laodikeia in Media | Antiochos I Soter (@) |
| Laodikeia Nihavand | Antiochos I Soter (@) |
ARIA, SOGDIANA, BACTRIA, AND ARACHOSIA
| Aï Khanoum | Kineas (?) |
| Alexandreia/Antioch in Margiana | Alexander (+) and Antiochos I (+) |
| Alexandreia/Antioch in Scythia | Alexander (@) and Antiochos I (@) |
| Alexandreia Eschate | Alexander (+)/Seleukos I Nikator (@) |
| Alexandreia in Arachosia | Alexander (@) |
| Alexandreia in Aria | Alexander (+) |
| Alexandreia near Baktra | Alexander (@) |
| Alexandreia of the Caucasus | Alexander (+) |
| Alexandreschata in Scythia | Alexander (@)/Seleukos I Nikator* |
| Demetrias in Arachosia | Demetrios (@) |
| Eukratideia | Eukratides (@) |
| Herakleia/Achais | Alexander (+)/ Antiochos (+) |
| Marakanda | Alexander (@) |
| Pandocheion (see Kampyr Tepe) | Alexander (@) |
| Prophthasia | Alexander (@) |
| Soteira | Seleukos I Nikator or Antiochos I Soter |
INDIA