7. WORKING THE SYSTEM

  1. Alexis de Tocqueville, Democracy in America, vol. 2 (New York: Appleton, 1899), p. 432.

  2. Jervis, System Effects, p. 287.

  3. Matthias Walden, “Der finnische Zauerberg,” Die Welt, August 2–3, 1975; Axel Springer, “Von Jalta bis Helsinki—immer gibt der Western nach,” Die Welt, August 7, 1975.

  4. Thomas Graham Jr., “Time for a Helsinki Communique,” National Interest, July 7, 2018, https://nationalinterest.org/print/feature/time-helsinki-communique-25192.

  5. Russell Ackoff, “The Development of Operations Research as a Science,” Operations Research 4, no. 3 (June 1956): pp. 265–295.

  6. Henry Kissinger, A World Restored: Metternich, Castlereagh, and the Problems of Peace, 1812–22 (Brattleboro, VT: Echo Point Books and Media, 2013), p. 1.

  7. Dmitri Trenin, “If Putin Wanted to Step Up His Fight with America, You’d Know It,” Foreign Policy, July 31, 2017, http://foreignpolicy.com/2017/07/31/if-putin-wanted-to-step-up-his-fight-with-america-youd-know-it/.

  8. Martin Malia, Russia Under Western Eyes (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1999), p. 8.

  9. Malia, p. 9.