NOTES

INTRODUCTION: THE LIES THAT BIND

1. This paragraph, along with other sentences and paragraphs sprinkled throughout the manuscript, have been taken from the author’s blog posts (nycurbanproject.com/blog) on September 22, 2016; October 3, 2016; November 9, 2016; March 26, 2017; and April 29, 2017; and at InterVarsity’s NYC Urban Project, www.nycurbanproject.com/blog/?author=53d47122e4b0498d331c77ad.

2. Christianna Silva, “Why Are so Many Native Americans Killed by Police?,” Newsweek, November 11, 2017, www.newsweek.com/more-native-americans-are-being-killed-police-including-14-year-old-who-might-708728; and Maria Perez, “It’s Not Just Black and White People: Police Shootings Are Killing Latinos,” Newsweek, September 23, 2017, www.newsweek.com/latinos-police-shootings-oklahoma-city-669854.

3. Jon Swaine, Oliver Laughland, Jamiles Lartey, and Ciara McCarthy, “Young Black Men Killed by US Police at Highest Rate in Year of 1,134 Deaths,” Guardian, December 31, 2015, www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/dec/31/the-counted-police-killings-2015-young-black-men.

4. Tom McCarthy, Jon Swaine, and Oliver Laughland, “FBI to Launch New System to Count People Killed by Police Officers,” Guardian, December 8, 2015, www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/dec/09/fbi-launch-new-system-count-people-killed-police-officers-the-counted; Todd C. Frankel, “Why the CDC Still Isn’t Researching Gun Violence, Despite the Ban Being Lifted Two Years Ago,” Washington Post, January 14, 2015, www.washingtonpost.com/news/storyline/wp/2015/01/14/why-the-cdc-still-isnt-researching-gun-violence-despite-the-ban-being-lifted-two-years-ago/?utm_term =.cd53143ea143.

5. Louis Jacobson, “Bill Bennett Understates His Point on Black Murder Victims,” Politifact, July 28, 2009, www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2009/jul/28/bill-bennett/black-men-are-4-percent-americans-35-percent-murde/.

6. Katherine Stewart, “Eighty-One Percent of White Evangelicals Voted for Donald Trump. Why?,” Nation, November 17, 2016, www.thenation.com/article/eighty-one-percent-of-white-evangelicals-voted-for-donald-trump-why; Jon Huang, Samuel Jacoby, Michael Strickland, and K. K. Rebecca Lai, “Election 2016: Exit Polls,” New York Times, November 8, 2016, www.nytimes.com/interactive/2016/11/08/us/politics/election-exit-polls.html.

7. White = manmade racial-gender-class-culture-based hierarchy. American = national identity defined by citizenship and the level of adoption and mastery of whiteness. Folk religion = common set of popular beliefs and practices under the umbrella of a religion but is outside of the religion’s official doctrines and practices.

8. “Who Got the Right to Vote When?,” Al Jazeera, accessed May 15, 2018, https://interactive.aljazeera.com/aje/2016/us-elections-2016-who-can-vote/index.html.

9. Sarah Pruitt, “5 Things You May Not Know About Lincoln, Slavery and Emancipation,” History.com, September 21, 2012, www.history.com/news/5-things-you-may-not-know-about-lincoln-slavery-and-emancipation.

10. “Gentlemen’s Agreement,” Densho Encyclopedia, accessed May 15, 2018, http://encyclopedia.densho.org/Gentlemen's%20Agreement/.

11. “History of Voting Rights,” MassVote, accessed May 15, 2018, http://massvote.org.

12. “History of Voting Rights.”

13. Adam Cohen, “The Supreme Court Ruling That Led to 70,000 Forced Sterilizations,” Fresh Air, NPR, interview by David Bianculli, March 7, 2016, www.npr.org/2017/03/24/521360544/the-supreme-court-ruling-that-led-to-70-000-forced-sterilizations.

14. Francisco Balderrama, “America’s Forgotten History of Mexican-American ‘Repatriation,’” Fresh Air, NPR, interview by Terry Gross, September 10, 2015, www.npr.org/2015/09/10/439114563/americas-forgotten-history-of-mexican-american-repatriation.

15. Sushma Subramanian, “Worse Than Tuskegee,” Slate.com, February 26, 2017, http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/cover_story/2017/02/guatemala_syphilis_experiments_worse_than_tuskegee.html.

16. Peter Chapman, Bananas: How the United Fruit Company Shaped the World (New York: Canongate Books, 2009).

17. “Voting Rights in the United States: Prisoners,” Wikipedia, accessed May 15, 2018, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voting_rights_in_the_United_States#Prisoners.

18. Malcom X, directed by Spike Lee (Los Angeles: Warner Bros., 1992).

LIE 1. WE ARE A CHRISTIAN NATION

1. Marius Artemis, “Desiring God’s John Piper Says He Believes That Women Shouldn’t Teach in Seminaries,” Christian Daily, February 18, 2018, www.christiandaily.com/article/desiring-gods-john-piper-says-he-believes-that-women-shouldnt-teach-in-seminaries/61920.htm.

2. Jeremy Weber, “80% of Churchgoers Don’t Read Bible Daily, LifeWay Survey Suggests,” Christianity Today, September 7, 2012, www.christianitytoday.com/news/2012/september/80-of-churchgoers-dont-read-bible-daily-lifeway-survey.html; “New Research on the State of Discipleship,” Barna, December 1, 2015, www.barna.com/research/new-research-on-the-state-of-discipleship.

3. “The Goal,” United Northern and Southern Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, July 13, 2018, www.unskkkk.com.

4. “Protestant Ethic,” English Oxford Living Dictionaries, accessed May 2, 2018, https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/us/Protestant_ethic.

5. George W. Bush, “Bush Shopping Quote,” C-SPAN, September 28, 2015, www.c-span.org/video/?c4552776/bush-shopping-quote.

6. Barack Obama, “Obama’s Inaugural Speech,” CNN, January 20, 2009, www.cnn.com/2009/POLITICS/01/20/obama.politics.

7. Michael Fisher, “The Ku Klux Klan,” Touchstone, accessed May 21, 2018, http://home.wlu.edu/~lubint/touchstone/KKK-Fisher.htm.

8. Victor Lebow, quoted in Andrew Martin, “Consume, Consume, Consume with the False Promise of Happiness,” Collective Evolution, July 17, 2014, www.collective-evolution.com/2014/07/17/consume-consume-consume-with-the-false-promise-of-happiness.

9. Martin Luther King Jr., “Sermon at Temple Israel of Hollywood,” American Rhetoric, February 26, 1965, www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/mlktempleisraelhollywood.htm.

10. Matt Lewis, “Obama Loves Martin Luther King’s Great Quote—But He Uses It Incorrectly,” Daily Beast, January 16, 2017, www.thedailybeast.com/obama-loves-martin-luther-kings-great-quotebut-he-uses-it-incorrectly.

11. Julian the Apostate, quoted in Michael Craven, “The Christian Conquest of Pagan Rome,” Crosswalk.com, November 8, 2010, www.crosswalk.com/blogs/michael-craven/the-christian-conquest-of-pagan-rome-11640691.html.

LIE 2. WE ALL ARE IMMIGRANTS

1. Ben Carson, quoted in Tracy Jan and Jose A. DelReal, “Carson Compares Slaves to Immigrants Coming to ‘a Land of Dreams and Opportunity,’” Washington Post, March 6, 2017, www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2017/03/06/carson-compares-slaves-to-immigrants-coming-to-a-land-of-dreams-and-opportunity.

2. Tony Perkins, quoted in Edward-Isaac Dovere, “Tony Perkins: Trump Gets ‘a Mulligan’ on Life, Stormy Daniels,” Politico, January 23, 2018, www.politico.com/magazine/story/2018/01/23/tony-perkins-evangelicals-donald-trump-stormy-daniels-216498.

3. Owen Lindauer, “About the Phoenix Indian School,” Modern American Poetry, accessed May 22, 2018, www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/a_f/erdrich/boarding/phoenix.htm.

4. Jonathan Lipnick, “What Did the Israelite Slaves Build in Egypt?,” Israel Institute of Biblical Studies, October 9, 2016, https://blog.israelbiblicalstudies.com/holy-land-studies/1483-2.

LIE 3. WE ARE A MELTING POT

1. “Loving v. Virginia,” Oyez.org, accessed May 23, 2018, www.oyez.org/cases/1966/395.

2. Emma Brown, “The Overwhelming Whiteness of U.S. Private Schools, in Six Maps and Charts,” Washington Post, March 29, 2016, www.washingtonpost.com/news/education/wp/2016/03/29/the-overwhelming-whiteness-of-u-s-private-schools-in-six-maps-and-charts/?utm_term=.cc59cfd9ac1c.

3. Michael Barbaro, “Listen to ‘The Daily’: Linda Brown’s Landmark Case,” New York Times, March 30, 2018, www.nytimes.com/2018/03/30/podcasts/the-daily/linda-brown-board-of-education.html.

4. “ ‘Kill the Indian, and Save the Man’: Capt. Richard H. Pratt on the Education of Native Americans,” History Matters, accessed May 23, 2018, http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/4929.

5. Israel Zangwill, The Melting Pot in Gary Gerstle, American Crucible: Race and Nation in the Twentieth Century (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2001), 51.

6. Luis Bush, “The Meaning of Ethne in Matthew 28:18,” Mission Frontiers, September 1, 2013, www.missionfrontiers.org/issue/article/the-meaning-of-ethne-in-matthew-2819.

LIE 4. ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL

1. Editorial Projects in Education Research Center, “Tracking,” Education Week, August 4, 2004, www.edweek.org/ew/issues/tracking/index.html.

2. See The Governor’s School of Southside Virginia, http://gssv.southside.edu; and “The Named Scholars,” Berick Center for Student Advising, Columbia College, www.cc-seas.columbia.edu/scholars/named.

3. Pat Robertson, quoted in “Pat Robertson Says Haiti Paying for ‘Pact to the Devil,’” CNN, January 13, 2010, www.cnn.com/2010/US/01/13/haiti.pat.robertson/index.html.

4. James Doubek, “Oklahoma Police Fatally Shoot Deaf Man Despite Yells of ‘He Can’t Hear,’” NPR, September 21, 2017, www.npr.org/sections/thetwoway/2017/09/21/552527929/oklahoma-city-police-fatally-shoot-deaf-man-despite-yells-of-he-cant-hear-you.

5. “Fatal Force,” Washington Post, accessed May 25, 2018, www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/national/police-shootings-2017.

6. Kimberly Yam, “Single Mom Graduates from College to Set ‘First Example’ for Son,” HuffPost, May 17, 2016, www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/single-moms-tearful-photo-with-son-after-graduation-shows-how-grateful-she-is-for-him_us_573b3190e4b077d4d6f40fdb.

7. Bill Laitner, “Heart and Sole: Detroiter Walks 21 Miles in Work Commute,” Detroit Free Press, January 31, 2015, www.freep.com/story/news/local/michigan/oakland/2015/01/31/detroit-commuting-troy-rochester-hills-smart-ddot-ubs-banker-woodward-buses-transit/22660785.

8. Liam Stack, “Video Released in Terence Crutcher’s Killing by Tulsa Police,” New York Times, September 19, 2016, www.nytimes.com/2016/09/20/us/video-released-in-terence-crutchers-killing-by-tulsa-police.html.

9. Franklin Graham, “Listen up, whites, blacks, Latinos, and everybody else,” Facebook, September 25, 2016, www.facebook.com/FranklinGraham/posts/1260074277382084.

10. Dara Maclean and Paul Mabury, “Blameless,” Wanted, Fervent Records, 2013. Used with permission.

11. Jonathan Walton, “Franklin Graham Doesn’t See Me, but Jesus Does,” New York City Urban Project, October 3, 2016, www.nycurbanproject.com/blog/3/10/2016/franklin-graham-doesnt-see-me-but-jesus-does#.

12. See James H. Cone, The Cross and the Lynching Tree (Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 2011); and “Freedom Struggle,” National Museum of American History, accessed May 30, 2018, http://americanhistory.si.edu/brown/history/6-legacy/freedom-struggle-2.html.

13. James Madison, quoted in Secret Proceedings of the Constitutional Debates of the Convention Assembled at Philadelphia, in the Year 1787 (Louisville, KY: Alston Mygatt, 1844), 182, https://archive.org/stream/secretproceedin00convgoog#page/n8/mode/2up/search/opulent.

14. “Shooting of Philando Castile,” Wikipedia, accessed May 30, 2018, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Philando_Castile; and “Shooting of Alton Sterling,” Wikipedia, accessed May 30, 2018, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooting_of_Alton_Sterling.

15. William Arkin, Tracy Connor, and Jim Miklaszewski, “Dallas Shooter Micah Johnson Was Army Veteran and ‘Loner,’” NBC News, July 8, 2016, www.nbcnews.com/storyline/dallas-police-ambush/dallas-shooter-micah-xavier-johnson-was-army-veteran-n606101; “The Counted,” Guardian, accessed July 16, 2018, www.theguardian.com/us-news/ng-interactive/2015/jun/01/the-counted-police-killings-us-database#.

16. Wes Lowery, “Graphic Video Shows Daniel Shaver Sobbing and Begging Officer for His Life Before 2016 Shooting,” Washington Post, December 8, 2017,  www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2017/12/08/graphic-video-shows-daniel-shaver-sobbing-and-begging-officer-for-his-life-before-2016-shooting; and Eli Rosenberg and Herman Wong, “A Police Officer Fatally Shot a Man While Responding to an Emergency Call Now Called a ‘Swatting’ Prank,” Washington Post, December 30, 2017, www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2017/12/29/a-police-officer-fatally-shot-a-man-while-responding-to-an-emergency-call-now-called-a-swatting-prank/?utm.

17. Ricardo A. Sunga III, “UN Expert Group Condemns Recent Killings,” United Nations Human Rights, July 8, 2016, www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=20248&LangID=E.

LIE 5. WE ARE A GREAT DEMOCRACY

1. Alan Rappeport, “‘What Is ‘Aleppo?’ Gary Johnson Asks, in an Interview Stumble,” New York Times, September 8, 2016, www.nytimes.com/2016/09/09/us/politics/gary-johnson-aleppo.html.

2. Aleppo is a Syrian city devastated by the civil war and atrocities of the Bashar al-Assad regime. The US government authorized military force in Syria in 2013. See “United States Involvement in Syria, 2009-2017,” BallotPedia, accessed June 5, 2018, https://ballotpedia.org/United_States_involvement_in_Syria,_2009-2017.

3. James Madison, quoted in Steve Straub, “Federalist 10, Democracies Have Ever Been Spectacles of Turbulence and Contention,” Federalist Papers, July 31, 2012, https://thefederalistpapers.org/federalist-papers/federalist-10-democracies-have-ever-been-spectacles-of-turbulence-and-contention.

4. Alexander Hamilton, quoted in Steve Straub, “Alexander Hamilton, Real Liberty Is Neither Found in Despotism or the Extremes of Democracy, but in Moderate Governments,” Federalist Papers, July 12, 2012, https://thefederalistpapers.org/founders/hamilton/alexander-hamilton-real-liberty-is-neither-found-in-despotism-or-the-extremes-of-democracy-but-in-moderate-governments.

5. John Adams, The Letters of John and Abigail Adams, Goodreads, accessed June 5, 2018, www.goodreads.com/quotes/49810-i-do-not-say-that-democracy-has-been-more-pernicious.

6. The 21st-Century Voter: Who Votes, How They Vote, and Why They Vote, eds. Guido H. Stempel III and Thomas K. Hargrove (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2016), 446.

7. “Who Got the Right to Vote When?,” Al Jazeera, accessed May 15, 2018, https://interactive.aljazeera.com/aje/2016/us-elections-2016-who-can-vote/index.html.

8. “Jim Crow Laws,” PBS, accessed June 5, 2018, www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/freedom-riders-jim-crow-laws.

9. “Dec. 25, 1951: Bombing of the Moore Family Home in Florida,” Zinn Education Project, accessed June 5, 2018, https://zinnedproject.org/2014/12/moore-home-bombed.

10. See Vann R. Newkirk, “How Voter ID Laws Discriminate,” Atlantic, February 18, 2017, www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/02/how-voter-id-laws-discriminate-study/517218; and Ben Schreckinger, “White Nationalists Plot Election Day Show of Force,” Politico, November 2, 2016, www.politico.com/story/2016/11/suppress-black-vote-trump-campaign-230616.

11. Michael Wines and Alan Blinder, “Federal Appeals Court Strikes Down North Carolina Voter ID Requirement,” New York Times, July 29, 2016, www.nytimes.com/2016/07/30/us/federal-appeals-court-strikes-down-north-carolina-voter-id-provision.html.

12. Marc Caputo, “Gov. Rick Scott Looks Ready to Fight DOJ over Voter Purge,” Miami Herald, June 5, 2012, www.miamiherald.com/news/politics-government/article1940392.html.

13. Christopher Ingraham, “This Is the Best Explanation of Gerrymandering You Will Ever See,” Washington Post, March 1, 2010, www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2015/03/01/this-is-the-best-explanation-of-gerry mandering-you-will-ever-see/?utm_term=.145fc100fab1.

14. Emily Barasch, “The Twisted History of Gerrymandering in American Politics,” Atlantic, September 19, 2012, www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2012/09/the-twisted-history-of-gerrymandering-in-american-politics/262369/#slide3.

15. David Lewis, quoted in John Oliver, “Gerrymandering,” Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, April 9, 2010, www.youtube.com/watch?v=A-4dIImaodQ&t=537s.

16. Jeremy Mayer, quoted in Oliver, “Gerrymandering.”

17. Oliver, “Gerrymandering.”

18. “Hakeem Jeffries,” Wikipedia, accessed June 5, 2018, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hakeem_Jeffries.

19. “Lobbying,” WikiVisually, accessed June 6, 2018, https://wikivisually.com/wiki/Lobbying.

20. “Citizens United v. FEC,” Bill of Rights Institute, February 14, 2017, www.youtube.com/watch?v=4J5Zx5YotBU.

21. Tom Murse, “How Much Did the Obama Campaign Cost?,” ThoughtCo, April 23, 2017, www.thoughtco.com/cost-of-the-obama-campaign-3367606.

22. Anu Narayanswamy, Darla Cameron, and Matera Gold, “Money Raised as of Dec. 31,” Washington Post, February 1, 2017, www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/politics/2016-election/campaign-finance.

23. Kimberly Kindy, “Spending on Lobbying Approached $1 Billion in First Quarter, Highest,” Washington Post, April 25, 2017, www.washingtonpost.com/national/spending-on-lobbying-approached-1-billion-in-first-quarter-highest-in-5-years/2017/04/25/0ab469f6-2910-11e7-be51-b3fc6ff7faee_story.html.

24. KSDK Staff, “Trump, Pence Allies Rake in Millions as New Washington Lobbyists,” KSDK.com, April 23, 2017, www.ksdk.com/article/news/politics/national-politics/trump-pence-allies-rake-in-millions-as-new-washington-lobbyists/433572427.

25. Drew DeSilver, “Turnout Was High in the 2016 Primary Season, but Just Short of 2008 Record,” Pew Research Center, June 10, 2016, www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2016/06/10/turnout-was-high-in-the-2016-primary-season-but-just-short-of-2008-record; and Jens Manuel Krogstad and Mark Hugo Lopez, “Black Voter Turnout Fell in 2016, even as a Record Number of Americans Cast Ballots,” Pew Research Center, May 12, 2017, www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/05/12/black-voter-turnout-fell-in-2016-even-as-a-record-number-of-americans-cast-ballots.

26. Kristen Hubby, “How Many Americans Actually Vote,” Daily Dot, December 19, 2016, www.dailydot.com/layer8/voter-turnout-2016.

27. “1787: Constitutional Convention Begins,” History, accessed June 5, 2017, www.history.com/this-day-in-history/constitutional-convention-begins; and “44th ALEC Annual Meeting—Denver, Co,” ALEC, July 19-21, 2017, www.alec.org/meeting/2017-annual-meeting-denver-co.

28. Lawrence Mishel and Alyssa Davis, “Top CEOs Make 300 Times More Than Typical Workers,” Economic Policy Institute, June 21, 2015, www.epi.org/publication/top-ceos-make-300-times-more-than-workers-pay-growth-surpasses-market-gains-and-the-rest-of-the-0-1-percent; Tom Kertscher, “Bernie Sanders, in Madison, Claims Top 0.1% of Americans Have Almost as Much Wealth as Bottom 90%,” Politifact, July 29, 2015, www.politifact.com/wisconsin/statements/2015/jul/29/bernie-s/bernie-sanders-madison-claims-top-01-americans-hav; and Brad Plumer, “Why More Than 80 Million Americans Won’t Vote on Election Day,” Vox.com, November 8, 2016, www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2016/11/7/13536198/election-day-americans-vote.

LIE 6. THE AMERICAN DREAM IS ALIVE AND WELL

1. Kif Leswing, “Apple Just Broke Its Own Record as the Most Valuable Publicly Traded Company of All Time,” Business Insider, May 8, 2017, www.businessinsider.com/apple-becomes-the-most-valuable-publicly-traded-company-of-all-time-2017-5.

2. Donald Trump, quoted in Michelle Rotuno-Johnson, “Trump in 2005: ‘When You Are a Star . . . You Can Do Anything’ to Women,” NBC4.com, October 7, 2016, www.nbc4i.com/news/u-s-world/trump-in-2005-when-youre-a-star-you-can-do-anything-to-women/1065147642.

3. Jodi Kantor and Megan Twohey, “Harvey Weinstein Paid Off Sexual Harassment Accusers for Decades,” New York Times, October 5, 2017, www.nytimes.com/2017/10/05/us/harvey-weinstein-harassment-allegations.html; and Kim Bellware, “Here Are the Women Publicly Accusing Roger Ailes of Sexual Harassment,” HuffPost, August 12, 2016, www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/roger-ailes-accusers-list_us_57a9fa19e4b06e52746db865.

LIE 7. WE ARE THE MOST PROSPEROUS NATION IN THE WORLD

1. Chris Matthews, “Fortune 5: The Most Powerful Economic Empires of All Time,” October 5, 2014, http://fortune.com/2014/10/05/most-powerful-economic-empires-of-all-time.

2. Dave Tilford, quoted in “Use It and Lose It: The Outsize Effect of U.S. Consumption on the Environment,” Scientific American, accessed June 7, 2018, www.scientificamerican.com/article/american-consumption-habits.

3. Scarlet, “Statistics That Will Make You Want to Recycle Your Cell Phone,” SC Johnson, February 15, 2012, www.scjohnson.com/en/green-choices/Reduce-and-Recycle/Articles/Article-Details.aspx?date=12-02-15&title=Statistics-That-Will-Make-You-Want-To-Recycle-Your-Cell-Phone; Elizabeth Kirk, “Recycling with Sole,” Waste 360, April 1, 2010, www.waste360.com/Recycling_And_Processing/shoe-recycling-201004; and Janine Satioquia-Tan, “Americans Eat HOW MUCH Chocolate?,” CNBC, July 23, 2015, www.cnbc.com/2015/07/23/americans-eat-how-much-chocolate.html.

4. Tim Keller, “We Can’t See Our Own Greed,” Preaching Today, March 2011, www.preachingtoday.com/illustrations/2011/march/6030711.html.

5. “Confession of Sin,” Presbyterian Mission Agency: Resources on Cultural Diversity and Racism.

LIE 8. WE ARE THE MOST GENEROUS PEOPLE IN THE WORLD

1. Lee C. Bollinger, “John Kluge, CC’37, Pledges $400 Million for Financial Aid—Cloned,” Columbia University, April 11, 2007, https://president.columbia.edu/news/john-kluge-cc37-pledges-400-million-financial-aid-cloned.

2. Jonathan Walton, “Invisible Children.” This poem first appeared in my book Legal: The First 21 Years (Mustang, OK: Tate Publishing, 2008).

3. Alex Daniels and Anu Narayanswamy, “The Income-Inequality Divide Hits Generosity,” The Chronicle of Philanthropy, October 5, 2014, www.philanthropy.com/article/The-Income-Inequality-Divide/15255.

4. James McBride, “How Does the U.S. Spend Its Foreign Aid?,” Council of Foreign Relations, April 11, 2017, www.cfr.org/backgrounder/how-does-us-spend-its-foreign-aid.

5. McBride, “How Does the U.S. Spend Its Foreign Aid?”

6. “Policy Basics: Where Do Our Federal Tax Dollars Go?,” Center on Budget and Policy Priorities, October 4, 2017, www.cbpp.org/research/federal-budget/policy-basics-where-do-our-federal-tax-dollars-go; and Louis Jacobson, “Pie Chart of ‘Federal Spending’ Circulating on the Internet Is Misleading,” August 17, 2015, www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2015/aug/17/facebook-posts/pie-chart-federal-spending-circulating-internet-mi.

7. Daniel B. Kline, “Where Do Your Tax Dollars Actually Go?,” Motley Fool, April 6, 2017, www.fool.com/taxes/2017/04/06/where-do-your-tax-dollars-actually-go.aspx; and “Giving USA: 2015 Was America’s Most-Generous Year Ever,” Giving USA, June 13, 2016, https://givingusa.org/giving-usa-2016.

8. “The Truth About Christians Tithing in the U.S.,” Share Faith, accessed June 8, 2018, www.sharefaith.com/blog/2015/12/facts-christians-tithing; and “Statistics on U.S. Generosity,” Philanthropy Roundtable, accessed June 8, 2018, www.philanthropyroundtable.org/almanac/statistics/u.s.-generosity.

9. Bruce Waltke, quoted in Timothy Keller, Generous Justice (New York: Penguin, 2012), 87.

10. Dionysius, quote in Jeremiah, “The Everyday Martyrdom,” Orthodox Road (blog), accessed June 8, 2018, www.orthodoxroad.com/the-everyday-martyrdom/#more-1685.

11. Church Communities Foundation, “Eberhard Arnold’s Life and Work,” Erberhardarnold.com, accessed September 7, 2018, www.eberhardarnold.com/biography.html.

12. Emmy Arnold, “A Joyful Pilgrimage,” Bruderhof.com, accessed June 8, 2018, www.bruderhof.com/en/our-faith/resources/publications-about-the-bruderhof/a-joyful-pilgrimage.

LIE 9. AMERICA IS THE LAND OF THE FREE

1. Donald H. Rumsfeld, “The Price of Freedom in Iraq,” New York Times, March 19, 2004, www.nytimes.com/2004/03/19/opinion/the-price-of-freedom-in-iraq.html; “Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation New Dawn Fast Facts,” CNN Library, March 8, 2018, www.cnn.com/2013/10/30/world/meastv; Julian Borger, “There Were No Weapons of Mass Destruction in Iraq,” Guardian, October 7, 2004, www.theguardian.com/world/2004/oct/07/usa.iraq1; and James Meikle, “George Bush Thought 9/11 Plane Shot Down on His Orders,” Guardian, October 29, 2010, www.theguardian.com/world/2010/oct/29/george-bush-thought-9-11-plane-shot-down.

2. Lauren Carroll, “Trump: Eisenhower Deported 1.5 Million Immigrants,” Politifact, November 11, 2015, www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2015/nov/11/donald-trump/trump-eisenhower-deported-15-million-immigrants; and “Japanese Internment Camps,” History, accessed June 18, 2018, www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/japanese-american-relocation.

3. “The Rise of ISIS,” Frontline, October 28, 2014, www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/film/rise-of-isis.

4. Rumsfeld, “The Price of Freedom in Iraq.”

5. Rumsfeld, “The Price of Freedom in Iraq.”

6. A. J. Willingham, “Study Finds 1 in 8 Americans Struggles with Alcohol Abuse,” CNN, August 11, 2017, www.cnn.com/2017/08/10/health/drinking-alcoholism-study-trnd/index.html; “Get the Facts and Figures,” National Domestic Violence Hotline, accessed June 18, 2018, www.thehotline.org/resources/statistics; Leo Shane III and Patricia Kime, “New VA Study Finds 20 Veterans Commit Suicide Each Day,” Military Times, July 7, 2016, www.militarytimes.com/veterans/2016/07/07/new-va-study-finds-20-veterans-commit-suicide-each-day; and “Nearly Half of American Children Living Near Poverty Line,” Columbia University, March 3, 2016, www.mailman.columbia.edu/public-health-now/news/nearly-half-american-children-living-near-poverty-line.

LIE 10. AMERICA IS THE HOME OF THE BRAVE

1. Taken, directed by Pierre Morel (Paris: EuropaCorp, 2008).

2. “The New Abolitionists: Who Are They?,” New York’s New Abolitionists, accessed June 19, 2018, www.newyorksnewabolitionists.com.

3. John Winthrop, quoted in “Massachusetts Bay—‘The City upon a Hill,’” U.S. History, accessed June 19, 2018, www.ushistory.org/us/3c.asp.

4. “About,” Moton Museum, accessed June 19, 2018, www.motonmuseum.org/about.

5. Sarah Flower Adams, “Nearer, My God, to Thee,” 1841.

6. Stephen J. Dubner, “Who Serves in the Military Today?,” Freakonomics, September 22, 2008, http://freakonomics.com/2008/09/22/who-serves-in-the-military-today; and Bill Bishop, “Soldiers’ Death Rate Reveals ‘Two Americas,’” Daily Yonder, October 4, 2016, www.dailyyonder.com/soldiers-death-rate-reveals-two-americas/2016/10/04/15621.

7. Dubner, “Who Serves in the Military Today?”

LIE 11. AMERICA IS THE GREATEST COUNTRY ON EARTH

1. Dinesh D’Souza, “10 Great Things,” National Review, July 2, 2003, www.nationalreview.com/2003/07/10-great-things-dinesh-dsouza.

2. Dinesh D’Souza, quoted in David Weigel, “Newt Is Nuts!,” Slate, September 13, 2010, www.slate.com/articles/news_and_politics/politics/2010/09/newt_is_nuts.html.

3. “Kids from USA Rank #1 in Confidence,” YouTube, January 5, 2017, www.youtube.com/watch?v=atkimTc_Pi4.

4. George Washington, “Transcript of President George Washington’s First Inaugural Speech (1789),” OurDocuments.gov, accessed June 19, 2018, www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=11&page=transcript.

5. “George Washington Letter Describes Killing of Natives as ‘Villainy,’” Indian Country Today, June 6, 2013, https://indiancountrymedianetwork.com/history/events/george-washington-letter-describes-killing-of-natives-as-villainy; and Tyler Rogoway, “The Revolutionary War: By the Numbers,” Jalopnik.com, July 4, 2014, https://foxtrotalpha.jalopnik.com/the-revolutionary-war-by-the-numbers-1600199390.

6. Mark Krieg, Tim Spirk, La-Kita Gilmore, and Dave Hess, “The Year of Jubilee,” Christ Community Church, January 3, 2016, www.christcc.org/audio/sermons/2016-01-03_team.pdf.

7. Salma Hayek, “Harvey Is My Monster Too,” New York Times, December 13, 2017, www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/12/13/opinion/contributors/salma-hayek-harvey-weinstein.html.

LIE 12. WE ARE ONE NATION

1. “Racial Disparity,” Sentencing Project, accessed June 20, 3018, www.sentencingproject.org/issues/racial-disparity; Nicole Hannah Jones, “The Resegregation of Jefferson County,” New York Times, September 6, 2017, www.nytimes.com/2017/09/06/magazine/the-resegregation-of-jefferson-county.html; and “Voter Suppression Laws: What’s New Since the 2012 Presidential Election,” ACLU, accessed June 20, 2018, www.aclu.org/map/voter-suppression-laws-whats-new-2012-presidential-election.

2. Jennifer Calfas, “Trump Supporter Apologizes to Protester for Punching Him,” The Hill, December 14, 2016, http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/310484-trump-supporter-who-sucker-punched-protester-apologizes; and Bryan Armen Graham, “Donald Trump Blasts NFL Anthem Protesters: ‘Get That Son of a Bitch off the Field,’” Guardian, September 23, 2017, www.theguardian.com/sport/2017/sep/22/donald-trump-nfl-national-anthem-protests.

3. “Trump Supporter Who Punched Protester: Next Time, We Might Have to Kill Him,” YouTube, March 10, 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v=DzU3FLZgIhc.

4. Graham, “Donald Trump Blasts NFL Anthem Protesters.”

5. “Fatal Force,” Washington Post, accessed July 16, 2018, www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/national/police-shootings-2017.

6. Matthew Hutson, “Why Liberals Aren’t as Tolerant as They Think,” Politico, May 9, 2017, www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/05/09/why-liberals-arent-as-tolerant-as-they-think-215114.

7. Wes Enzinna, “This Is War and We Intend to Win,” Mother Jones, May-June 2017, www.motherjones.com/politics/2017/04/anti-racist-antifa-tinley-park-five/#. Regarding the ARA, see “Columbus, Ohio, Holocaust Memorial Reportback & Partial d0x,” Anti-Racist Actions, accessed June 20, 2017, https://antiracistaction.org. see www.youtube.com/watch?v=DzU3FLZgIhc.

8. Wes Enzinna, “Left Hook: A Brief History of Nazi Punching in America,” Mother Jones, May-June 2017, www.motherjones.com/politics/2017/04/timeline-anti-fascists-nazi-punching/.

9. “The Pledge of Allegiance,” USHistory.org, accessed June 20, 3018, www.ushistory.org/documents/pledge.htm.

10. “Barak Obama’s Feb. 5 Speech,” New York Times, February 5, 2008, www.nytimes.com/2008/02/05/us/politics/05text-obama.html.

11. Leo Tolstoy, Anna Karenina, trans. Joel Carmichael (New York: Random House Bantam Classic, 1981), 1.

12. Frances Allitsen, “The Lord Is My Light,” 1897.

APPENDIX 1

1. This exercise is taken from “Week 46: Community Values Part 3— Hospitality,” Year of Biblical Literacy, accessed June 20, 2018, http://bible.realitysf.com/small-group-material/week-46. Adapted from the poem “Where I’m From” by George Ella Lyon; see the I Am From Project website, https://iamfromproject.com.

APPENDIX 3

1. This information first appeared in Jonathan Walton, “What We Can Do After Praying for Victims of Another Mass Shooting,” HuffPost, October 2, 2016, www.huffingtonpost.com/jonathan-walton/praying-for-victims_b_8233938.html.