Index

When multiple page references are listed, page numbers of the major discussion are in italics.

abbreviations of journal titles, 108–109

abebooks.com, 216

ABI/INFORM, 92, 158, 291

Academic OneFile, 97

Academic Search Complete/Premier, 82–83, 151

Acronyms, Initialisms and Abbreviations Dictionary, 109

Adler, Mortimer, 165–166

advertisements, xvii–xviii

Afghanistan subject headings, 26, 51, 57–58

African American(s) subject headings, 44–46, 51, 56, 192–196

airplane controls analogy, 56

Alexander Street Press online collections, 247–249

algorithms as substitute for education, xxviii, xxv, 27, 28, 38, 133, 336, 338

alma mater searches, 236

alphabetically adjacent narrower terms. See Library of Congress Subject Headings (alphabetically adjacent narrower terms)

Amazon.com, 27–28, 156, 183

America: History and Life, 76, 83, 171, 240, 299

American Antiquarian Society Historical Periodicals Collection, 123

American Indians. See Indians of North America

American Memory (Library of Congress), 251

American National Biography, 280, 287

America’s Historical Newspapers, 123

Ancestry Library, 298

AND (Boolean operator), 190–193

animal sounds example, 53

Annual Review of (series), 165

Anthropology Plus, 142

antiquities looting example, 146, 157

Applied Science databases, 83–84

a priori framing of questions, 324–327, 335–336

Arab-Israeli conflicts example, 58, 188

ARBA Online (American Reference Books Annual ), 11, 329

Architectural Graphic Standards, 310

Archive Finder, 278, 279, 280

Archive Grid, 279, 282

archives. See manuscripts and archives

art, architecture, and design sources, 81, 83, 84, 85, 93, 101, 102–103

Arts & Humanities Citation Index, 144, 148, 150, 151. See also Web of Science

aspects of a subject. See Library of Congress Subject Headings (browse displays)

associations, 232–234

assumptions. See expectations

attention spans, xx

baboons subject headings, 41, 43

baiting the hook. See people sources

bank vault example, 225–227

Baron Delaval’s son, 343–344

beauty, idea of, 166

best books, shortcuts to find, 8–9, 172, 180–185

best journals in a field. See periodicals (best journals in a field)

bias of screen displays, xxi

Biographical Archive sets, 286–287

Bibliographic Index, 180

bibliographic instruction. See information literacy classes

bibliographies, 169–186, 302

advantages of structured arrangement over relevance ranking, 169, 173–174, 185

bibliography notes on catalog records, 178

Boolean combinations, 171–172, 209–210

encyclopedia articles, 180–181

form subdivisions in LCSH, 177

indexes within, 174

not shelved with regular books, 176–177

subject heading forms in LCSH, 175–176, 177

Z-class arrangement, 176, 179–180

biography sources, 85, 239, 285–289. See also genealogy and local history sources; newspapers; newspaper sources

biology sources, 85, 151

Biosis Citation Index, 151

Blacks from St. Domingue example, 240

Bloom, Harold, 303

blue crabs example, 36

Book Citation Index, 144–145

book length texts, xx–xxiii, 337

book reviews, 85–86, 183–184, 289–290. See also literature and literary criticism

Boolean combinations, 60, 187–188, 189–192

combining keywords with citation or related record searches, 205–208

within controlled LCSH subject strings, 192–196

without computers, 171–172, 208–210

Brepolis (medieval studies), 100

broader terms in LCSH, 39, 41

browse displays/menus. See Library of Congress Subject Headings (browse displays)

browsing in bookstacks, 63–73, 172–173. See also OPACs (relation to classification scheme)

combinations of two subjects without computers, 66–67, 210

contrast to OPAC searching of catalog records, 67–68

depth of access to full texts, 65–68, 70–71, 72, 173, 300

loss of overview access to different scattered classes, 25, 26, 68, 179

recognition access, 66–67, 68–73, 172–173

business and economics sources, 83, 86–87, 92, 97, 290–296. See also company histories

job hunting, 296

kinds of companies, 295

Canadian sources, 87, 96, 98, 122, 287, 298

capital punishment subject headings, 21–22, 39–40, 42–43, 49

card catalogs, 29–30, 31. See also OPACs (online public access catalogs)

Carroll directories, 236, 294

Catalog of U.S. Government Publications, 265

catalog record superficiality vs. full-texts, 65

catalogs, library. See OPACs (online public access catalogs)

Center for Research Libraries, 127

Cessna example, 56

Chadwyck-Healey microforms, 256, 282. See also ProQuest Chadwyck-Healey Digital Collections

Chechnya example, 77–79

Chelsea House series (literary criticism), 303

Chronicling America, 124

CIS databases (Congressional Information Service), 267–268. See also Congressional publications

citation searches, 140–146, 154–155

city directories, 288–289

city documents, 276

Classical studies, 99

classification scheme for shelving books. See browsing in bookstacks; OPACs (relation to classification scheme)

C19: The Nineteenth Century Index, 126

Cockney dialect example, 21, 23–24, 25, 27, 28, 37, 43, 47–48

collocation function of subject headings. See Library of Congress Subject Headings (uniform heading)

combinations. See Boolean combinations

Combined Retrospective Index sets, 131–132, 290

companies, kinds of, 295

company histories, 292, 293, 294, 295–296

component word searching within subject headings, 192–196

conceptual categorization. See also Library of Congress Subject Headings (uniform heading); relevance ranking vs. conceptual categorization

different from keyword searching, 111, 114, 115–116

Conference Proceedings Citation Index, 145

Confucius example, 180

Congressional publications, 94, 267–268

CIS (Congressional Information Service) sources, 268–269

committee prints, 167, 268

Congressional Record and predecessors, 121–122, 267

CRS reports (Congressional Research Service), 167, 267, 268

hearings, 166–167, 267, 268–271

HeinOnline, 129–131

19th Century Masterfile, 120–123

ProQuest Congressional, 94

Public Documents Masterfile, 266–267

controlled vocabularies, 61, 172. See also descriptors; Library of Congress Subject headings

advantages, 114

disadvantages, 111–114, 140–141

copy cataloging, inadequate review of subject headings, 31–33, 37, 112, 342

core cataloging, 31–33

core concepts of a topic, 9, 13–14

core literature of a subject, 8–9, 170–171, 180–181

COS Scholar Universe, 234. See also people sources

country studies, 291, 292, 297

county histories, 299. See also genealogy and local history

crabs example, 36, 49

crackpot positions, 223

Craft of Interviewing, 238

craigslist, 238

credentials, 229

CREDO Reference, 2, 11

criss-cross searches, 289, 295

Critical Essays series (literary criticism), 303

critical thinking, xxv, 115, 116, 117. See also information literacy classes

cross-disciplinary searching, 3, 102–103, 142, 147–148, 163

cross-references. See Library of Congress Subject Headings (cross-references)

crossword puzzle nature of cataloging, 29, 113

CRS (Congressional Research Service). See Congressional publications

cycling sources (footnote citations), 148–149, 158

Cyndi’s List of Genealogy Sites on the Internet, 298

data, xix, 336

Data Citation Index, 145

Data-Planet Statistical Datasets, 272

DataStar databases, 96

dated/outdated distinction, 175

Declassified Documents Reference System, 275–276

decoration and ornament example, 35–36

de-coupling the subject strings. See faceted OPACs

depository libraries (government documents), 260

descriptors, 61, 290

contrasted to Library of Congress Subject Headings, 26, 79–80

importance of full displays, 77–79

thesauri, 76–77, 79

detailed record display format. See full record display format

Dewey Decimal Classification, 64, 176–177, 179, 239

Dewey, John, 171

DeWitt, Donald L. (guides to archives), 282

Dialog databases, 96

diaries, 245–246, 308–309

dictionaries, 4, 12. See also encyclopedias

Dictionary of American Biography, 287

Dictionary of Literary Biography, 280, 287

Digital National Security Archive, 273–275

Digital Public Library of America, 51, 71, 134, 137

directories, 234–238. See also people sources

Directories in Print, 234–235

Directory of Open Access Journals, 138

discovery searching. See federated and discovery searching

dissertations and theses, 126–127, 158, 167–168, 240, 258, 313

divorce example, 34–35, 40, 49

document delivery, 219–220

document types, 162, 204–205, 322–324, 330. See also types of literature

dollar, value of, 311

Donne, John, 302

drama, 179

e-books, xxi–xxii, 99, 125–126

EBSCO and EBSCOhost databases, 81–92

citation search databases, 152–153

education sources, 87, 101, 189–190

eHRAF databases (world culture, archaeology), 246–247

EIU (Econonomist Intelligence Unit) databases, 297

e-mail addresses of authors, 149, 234

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 338

Encyclopedia Americana, 2, 14–15

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2, 15

Encyclopedia of Associations, 232–234

Encyclopedia of Business Information Sources, 291

encyclopedias, 1–16, 320

advantages over Wikipedia, 2–3, 8–10

bibliographies to identify core literature, 8–9, 180–181

browsable lists of entries, 10

cross-disciplinary perspectives, 3

form subdivisions in LCSH, 13

illustrations, 300

primary sources, 9–10

environment sources, 87–88, 94

equality, idea of, 166

ERIC database, 189–190

essays sources, 88

Europa World, 297

European library catalogs online, 214, 219, 252

Executive Branch documents, 268. See also government documents

expectations, researchers’ limited assumptions, xxv–xxvii, 116, 221–223, 227, 240–241, 316–317

experts. See people sources

faceted OPACs (Online Public Access Catalogs), 27, 37–38, 43–44, 51, 52, 55, 116. See also watches, disassembled

Factiva, 129, 294

Facts on File series, 300–301, 306

faculty library committees, xxviii, 63, 73

faculty of universities, 235

fair use, xvii

familysearch.org, 298

FBIS (Foreign Broadcast Information Service), 276, 314

FDsys (Federal Digital System), 260

federated and discovery searching, 75, 102–103, 105, 289–290

problems with, 78–79, 81, 104, 152, 153, 170, 243

FictionConnection, 185

Fibly, P. William, 299

film studies, 88

“Find it on your own” dictum, 223–224, 241

fire insurance maps, 298

first French book example, 71–72

FirstSearch databases, 98–99, 251

focused browsing. See browsing

FOIA (Freedom of Information Act) documents, 275–276

Fold3 (genealogy), 298

Foreign Broadcast Information Service. See FBIS

foreign language books or articles, 15, 60–61, 71, 340. See also Library of Congress Subject Headings (English headings); Tower of Babel problem; translations

form subdivisions. See Library of Congress Subject Headings (form subdivisions)

format and access, 21, 22–23. See also recognition vs. prior specification

footnote chasing, 141

framing of questions, 324–327, 335–336

FRANCIS database, 88

Franklin, Benjamin, 171–172

freedom, idea of, 166

free-floating subdivisions, 53–55, 61, 329–330

freelance researchers, 220

full record display format, 48, 77–79

full-text searching without computers, 65–68. See also browsing in bookstacks

funding agencies, searches, 150

Gale Business Insights: Global, 292

Gale Cengage databases, 97–98, 292

Gale Cengage learning Primary Source Media (microforms), 253–256

Gale Digital Collections, 249–250

Gale Directory Library, 235–236, 292–293

Gale Directory of Databases, 80, 101, 131

Garfield, Eugene, 147

genealogy and local history sources, 298–299

general browsing vs. focused browsing. See browsing

General OneFile, 97

general vs. specific searches, 230, 238–241. See also Library of Congress Subject Headings (specific entry)

geographic area codes, 198–203

lists of, 201–202

German occupation zone example, 69–71

globalization example, 3

Google, 59, 137, 280, 309

“Google searchers don’t use subject headings”, 114–115

Google Books, 51, 59, 65, 69–70, 71, 134, 214, 220

examples of utility, 135–136

inability to provide overviews, 136–137

sending books offsite, 72–73

Google Scholar, 59, 108, 134, 137, 154

government documents, 259–277. See also Congressional publications; statistics

archival sources, 281

citing, 276

difficulties in finding, 264–265

GPO (Government Printing Office), 259, 260–263

Granularity, excessive, 30–31, 51, 72, 114, 117. See also Library of Congress Subject Headings (scope-match specificity)

Graphic Standards, 310

great books lists, 185

Greenwood, Val D., 298

guerilla cataloging, 32–33

Guide to Published Library Catalogs, 132

Guide to Reference (ALA), 11, 329

happiness, idea of, 166

Harry Ransom Center, 296

HathiTrust, xxi, 51, 65–66, 69, 71, 134, 137, 214, 220

health and medical sources, 90, 94, 95, 96

hearings, Congressional. See Congressional publications (hearings)

height-shelving, 64–65

Hein Online databases, 129–131

HeritageQuest, 298

hierarchy of levels of learning, xix–xx, 333–334

Historical Abstracts, 76, 77–79, 83, 151, 240

historical statistics, 311–312

history sources, 83, 99–100, 122–123, 251. See also genealogy and local history sources; manuscripts and archives; newspaper sources; primary sources; special collections

Hoover’s (business database), 293

How to Get It, 276

human nature unchanged by technology, 134, 331

Human Relations Area Files, 247

human rights in Islam example, 8–9

Hume, David, 345

IBZ Online, 101

Idea of (monographs), 166

illustrations, pictures, photographs, 289–301

form subdivisions in LCSH, 300

free websites, 300

implicit citation, 150

InCites service, 161

Index of English Literary Manuscripts, 281

Index to Microform Collections, 257–258

Indians of North America subject headings, 18, 103–104, 176, 199–201

Industrial Arts index/database, 83

information, xix, 327, 336

information literacy classes, xxv, 115, 116–117, 177, 222, 239. See also critical thinking

information-seeking. See expectations; least effort; scholarship vs. quick information-seeking

Institute for Philosophical Research, 165–166

institutional addresses of authors, 149, 234

interlibrary loan, xviii, 170, 219

Internet and research libraries, xvi–xxiii

Internet Archive, 214

Internet Public Library, xxi, 65, 138, 287, 290

Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research, 313. See also Data Citation Index

interviewing people, 230–231, 238. See also people sources

inventories, contrasted to library catalogs, 24, 25, 26, 28

invisible Web, 137–138

Iter: Gateway to the Renaissance and Middle Ages, 100

Jackson, Andrew, 173–174, 324

job hunting, 296

Jobs, Steve, 115

Joint Publications Research Service (JPRS), 314

Journal Citation Reports, 108, 151

journals. See periodicals

JPRS ( Joint Publications Research Service), 314

JSTOR, xv, 82, 121, 128, 220, 301, 317

justice, idea of, 166

kaleidoscope frame, 336–337

keyword searches, 22, 111–139

advantages, 117–118

disadvantages, 115–117, 141

as index to subject tracings, 47–49

in full-text databases, 68–69

on the Internet, 132–137

researchers as ignorant of keywords as of LCSH, 115–117

KeyWords Plus, 150

knowledge, xix, 336

Kompass (business database), 293–294

Kuhn, Thomas, 206

law/legal sources, 89, 98, 129–131

LCSH. See Library of Congress Subject Headings

Leadership Library database, 236, 294

least effort, xxvi, 35, 68, 244

left-anchored subject searches, 42, 49, 58

legislative histories, 267, 268

LexisNexis databases, xv, 128–129, 294, 317

library and information science, 89, 93, 165, 184

formal discipline, 327–328

Library of Congress

dissertation holdings, 127, 258

encyclopedia holdings, 8

e-resources online catalog, 251

maps, 298, 299, 305

NTIS reports holdings, 258

online catalog (OPAC), 42

photographs, 300

standards, 310

Library of Congress Classification scheme, 64, 239. See also browsing in bookstacks (depth of access to full texts)

scattering of aspects of the same subject, 25, 26, 68, 179

Library of Congress Subject Headings (LSCH), 19–20, 38–39

alphabetically adjacent narrower terms, 44–46

associative function, 111, 113, 118

browse displays, 23–24, 28, 29, 37, 43, 112–113

choice of terms, 18–19

comparison to keywords, 111–114

contrasted to descriptors, 26, 79–80

contrasted to tags, 25, 26, 27, 36

cross-references, 38–41, 43, 46, 114

English headings include foreign language works, 60–61

five ways to find, 38f.

form subdivisions, 61, 329–330

free-floating subdivisions, 53–55, 61

index to classification scheme, 25–27

links to classification numbers, 25, 29

online list, free, 19, 38, 42, 43, 61

pattern headings, 61

plenitude, 114, 118

precoordination. See precoordination/postcoordination

predictability, 33, 34

principles, 20

red books, 19, 38, 39, 41, 45

scope-match specificity, 20, 28–31, 112, 117

specific entry and Narrower Terms, 20, 33–36, 38–41, 43

subdivisions, most important, 53–55

subject tracings, 47–49

uniform heading, 20–28, 32, 33. See also copy cataloging; descriptors; faceted OPACs; orphan subject headings; predictability; tags

LibraryThing, 25, 28, 183

lighthouse libraries example, 66–68, 210

limiting sets, 197

by document types, 162, 204–205

by geographic area codes, 198–203

by time periods, 197–198

literature and literary criticism, 90, 98, 148, 150, 280–281, 301–306

Literary Reference Center, 304

Literature Criticism Online, 303

Literature Resource Center, 303–304

LitFinder, 304

MagillOnLiterature, 304

translations of literary works, 314

literature review articles. See review articles

local history. See genealogy and local history sources

locating material in other libraries, 211–220

Locke, John, 206

love, idea of, 166

Magazines for Libraries, 107, 108

Making of the Modern World, 244–245

manuscripts and archives, 99, 214–215, 277–284. See also primary sources

finding aids and registers, 281

levels of searching, 278

literary, 280–281

site visits and note-taking, 283–284

maps, charts, 276, 305–306

Maritain, Jacques, 344

media broadcasts

transcriptions of, 97

translations of, 276, 314

medical and health sources, 90, 94, 95, 142

medieval and renaissance studies, 100

menu listings of subject headings. See Library of Congress Subject Headings (browse displays, cross-references); recognition vs. prior specification

Mergent business databases, 294

methods of searching, xxiv, 62, 145, 315–316, 318

Microfilm Research Collections, 257

microforms

form subdivisions in LCSH, 252

special collections, 252–258

military sources, 90, 95, 150

Milner, Anita Cheek (Newspaper Indexes), 307

minimal-level cataloging, 31

MLA International Bibliography, 301–302

models of searching, conceptual, xxiv, 318–319

Modern Critical Views series, 303

Montague grammar example, 11

Monthly Catalog of U.S. Government Publications, 265

moonshining example, 8, 18

Morehead, Joe, 265

municipal documents, 276

music and performing arts sources, 91, 93

narrower terms. See Library of Congress Subject Headings (specific entry)

narrowing a topic, 33–34, 37, 51. See also Library of Congress Subject Headings (specific entry)

National Archives (U.S., U.K., Ireland, Scotland), 281

National Cyclopaedia of American Biography, 287–288

National Historical Publications and Records Commission, 277

National Inventory of Documentary Sources, 282

National Security Archive, 273–275

National Technical Information Service. See NTIS

National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections (NUCMC), 214, 278–279, 280, 282

National Union Catalog: Pre-1956 Imprints, 212–213, 265, 314

Native Americans. See Indians of North America

NEAR (Boolean operator), 196. See also proximity searches

newspaper sources, 94, 95, 123–125, 306–307. See also genealogy and local history sources; history sources

New Walford’s Guide to Reference Resources, 329

19th Century Masterfile, 120–122

North American Women’s Letters and Diaries, 245–246

NOT (Boolean operator), 191–192

NTIS reports (National Technical Information Service), 258, 260, 265, 272–273

NUCMC. See National Union Catalog of Manuscript Collections

OAIster database, 99, 251–252

OCLC, 32, 37, 99, 176, 342. See also WorldCat

oddities, bibliographic, 343–344

“off to the side” aspects of a subject, 23–25, 28, 37, 49–51, 111. See also Library of Congress Subject Headings (browse displays); recognition vs. prior specification

older journals, where indexed, 107

On File publications. See Facts on File series

“one stop” searching, xxiv, xxvii–xxviii, 55, 63, 75, 116, 331, 339. See also federated and discovery searching

Online Archive of California, 284

onomatopoeic words example, 53

OPACs (online public access catalogs), 17–18, 22, 65, 75, 329. See also faceted OPACs; Library of Congress Subject Headings

contrasted to focused browsing in bookstacks, 67–68, 71

contrasted to web search engines, 60

relation to classification scheme, 25–27, 66–68

open access journals, 106, 251–252

OpenCRS, 167

opinion, xix

OR (Boolean operator), 191–193

oral history, 246, 249, 308

organizational affiliations of authors, 149

orphan subject headings, 112–113

orphan works (copyright), xxi

out-of-print books for sale, 216

overload in retrievals, 30, 35–36. See also granularity, excessive

overviews, achieving, xv–xvi, xxv, 10, 17, 133, 136–137, 139, 160, 161, 168, 170, 172, 224, 229, 339–340. See also Six blind men and the elephant

Oxford Bibliographies Online, 181–183

Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, 280, 287

Oxford Reference Online, 2, 11

Padlocks example, 225

PAIS International, 93–94

paraphilias example, 48

pattern headings. See Library of Congress Subject Headings (pattern headings)

patterns in search behavior, xxvii, 49, 316–317

Peloponnesian war example, 8, 239

Penny Hill Press, 167

people sources, 221–242

asking for additional contacts, 227, 228, 230

authors of articles or books, 234

baiting the hook, 228

inhibiting assumptions, 221–223, 227, 229

Internet sources, 223

interviewing, 230–231

jerk problem, 228

shrinkage of testimony, 228

thank-you notes, 231

periodicals

abbreviations of titles, 108–109

best journals in a field, 107, 108, 151

change in cataloging rules, 109–110

directories, 106–107

document types within, 162,

full text online, 106, 123–124, 128–129

open access, 106, 251–252

titles including names of organizations, 109–110

where indexed, 107, 132

Periodicals Index/Archive Online, 119–120, 289

PERSI (Periodicals Source Index), 122–123, 298

pictures and photographs. See illustrations, pictures, photographs

places rated/ranked, 312

plenitude. See Library of Congress Subject Headings (plenitude)

Plunkett Research, 294

Poe, Edgar Allan, 302

precoordination/postcoordination, 27, 51, 52–53, 194–196

Boolean combinations, 208–209

predictability

subject headings, 34, 36–37, 325–326

types of literature and document types, 319–327, 330

unpredictability of keywords, 117

Presidential orders and documents, 268. See also government documents

primary sources, 73, 217, 279, 307–309, 324. See also manuscripts and archives; special collections

form subdivisions in LCSH, 308–309

specialized encyclopedias, 9–10

prints, Congressional. See Congressional publications (committee prints)

private companies, 294, 295

progress, idea of, 166

progressively refining large sets, problems with, 35, 44, 70, 116

Project Muse, 128

proper names as subjects, 60

property paradigms, 206

ProQuest Chadwyck-Healey Digital Collections, 250–251

ProQuest databases, 92–96, 123, 317

citation search databases, 153

Congressional databases, 267–268

Statistical Insight, 271

ProQuest Historical Newspapers, 123

ProQuest History Vault, 251

ProQuest microforms, 255–257

proximity searches, 196–197

psychology sources, 90, 142, 313

Public Documents Masterfile, 266–267

public policy sources, 90, 93, 94, 96. 131. See also Congressional publications

public records, 279, 284. See also manuscripts and archives

Pytheas example, 148

Qaddafi, Muammar, 44, 49, 105

quotations, 309–310

radio broadcasts. See media broadcasts

range of access vs. depth of access, 67–68

rankings/ratings, 291, 312

readers’ advisory sources, 184–185

Readers’ Guide to Periodical Literature, 91

recognition vs. prior specification, 24, 27–28, 43, 51–53, 55, 63, 66–74, 114, 159, 174, 185–186, 209, 325–326

red books. See Library of Congress Subject Headings (red books)

Refdesk.com, 138, 287

reference librarians, 105–106, 110, 220, 238–241, 296

reference vs. research questions, 315–316, 318

Reference Universe, 2, 10–11

ReferenceUSAGov, 294–295