AABW Antarctic Bottom Water
AO Arctic oscillation
AOGCM atmosphere–ocean general circulation model
AOSIS Alliance of Small Island States
AR IPCC Assessment Report
CCS carbon capture and storage
CDM Clean Development Mechanism
CFCs chlorofluorocarbons
CH4 methane
CMA3 third meeting of the parties to the Paris Agreement
CMIP Coupled Model Intercomparison Projects
CO2 carbon dioxide
COP Conference of the Parties
ECS equilibrium climate sensitivity
ENSO El Niño–Southern Oscillation
ETS Emissions Trading Scheme
G8 Group of Eight
GCM general circulation model
GCR galactic cosmic ray
GDP gross domestic product
GHCN Global Historical Climate Network
GHG greenhouse gas
GMT global mean temperature
Gt gigatonnes
GtC gigatonnes of carbon
HCO3− calcium bicarbonate
IEA International Energy Agency
IMF International Monetary Fund
IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
MAT marine air temperature
MW megawatts
NADW North Atlantic Deep Water
NAO North Atlantic Oscillation
NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NGO non-governmental organization
N2O nitrous oxide
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NRC National Research Council (USA)
NSA National Security Agency (USA)
OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development
OPEC Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
PETM Palaeocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum
ppbv parts per billion by volume
ppmv parts per million by volume
pptv parts per trillion by volume
RCP representative concentration pathway
REDD+ Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation, including safeguards for local people
SRES Special Report on Emission Scenarios by the IPCC (2000)
SSP shared socioeconomic pathway
SST sea-surface temperature
UNCED United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
UNFCCC United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
VBD vector-borne disease
WHO World Health Organization
WTO World Trade Organization