* The parliamentary session of 1862–3, during which Marx was working on this volume, saw a new round of struggle by the Irish party for the rights of Irish tenant farmers. Palmerston made his notorious remark on 23 June 1863, attacking the modest reforms of the land tenure system that were proposed as ‘communist doctrines’. Marx quoted this again the following year when he came to write the Inaugural Address of the International Working Men’s Association; see The First International and After, p. 80. The Irish Tenants’ Right Bill, in one form or other, was already ten years old at that time. When it was first put forward, Marx analysed its provisions in an article written for the New York Daily Tribune, 11 July 1853, which is reprinted in Marx and Engels On Ireland, London, 1971.