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FURTHER READING

Please see “Sources Cited” for full facts of publication regarding the works in this section.

Gnosticism, Gnostics, and The Gnostic Bible

Ugo Bianchi, ed., Le origini dello gnosticismo ; Ioan Culianu, “The Gnostic Revenge”; Ioan Culianu, The Tree of Gnosis ; Werner Foerster, ed., Gnosis ; Harry Y. Gamble, The New Testament Canon ; Robert M. Grant, Gnosticism ; Robert Haardt, ed., Gnosis ; Adolph von Harnack, Marcion ; Hans Jonas, The Gnostic Religion ; Hans Jonas, Gnosis und spätantiker Geist ; Karen L. King, What Is Gnosticism? ; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures ; Gerd Lüdemann and Martina Janssen, Bibel der Häretiker ; Bruce M. Metzger, The Canon of the New Testament ; Elaine H. Pagels, Beyond Belief ; Elaine H. Pagels, The Gnostic Gospels ; Birger A. Pearson, Gnosticism, Judaism, and Egyptian Christianity ; Pheme Perkins, Gnosticism and the New Testament ; James M. Robinson, “Nag Hammadi: The First Fifty Years”; James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English ; Kurt Rudolph, Gnosis ; Hans-Martin Schenke, Hans-Gebhard Bethge, and Ursula Ulrike Kaiser, eds., Nag Hammadi Deutsch ; Wilhelm Schneemelcher, ed., New Testament Apocrypha ; Walter Schmithals, Gnosticism in Corinth ; David M. Scholer, comp., Nag Hammadi Bibliography , 1948 –1969 ; David M. Scholer, comp., Nag Hammadi Bibliography , 1970 –1994 ; Alan F. Segal, Two Powers in Heaven ; Jonathan Z. Smith, Drudgery Divine ; Michael A. Williams, Rethinking “Gnosticism.” For a very helpful and accessible collection of texts written by gnostics, mystics, apocalypicists, Kabbalists, and other creative religious people, see Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible .

The Gnostic Bible and Literary Translation

Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible ; Willis Barnstone, Poetics of Translation ; Geddes MacGregor, Literary History of the Bible from the Middle Ages to the Present Day ; J. F. Mozley, William Tyndale ; George Steiner, After Babel .

Part One: Early Wisdom Gospels

Jon Ma. Asgeirsson, Kristin DeTroyer, and Marvin W. Meyer, eds., From Quest to Q ; John Dominic Crossan, The Historical Jesus ; Stevan Davies, The Gospel of Thomas and Christian Wisdom ; Robert W. Funk, Honest to Jesus ; Ronald F. Hock and Edward N. O’Neil, The Chreia in Ancient Rhetoric ; John S. Kloppenborg, The Formation of Q ; John S. Kloppenborg, Q Parallels ; John S. Kloppenborg, Marvin W. Meyer, Stephen J. Patterson, and Michael G. Steinhauser, Q—Thomas Reader ; John S. Kloppenborg-Verbin, Excavating Q ; Burton L. Mack, Logos und Sophia ; Burton L. Mack, The Lost Gospel ; Marvin Meyer, The Unknown Sayings of Jesus ; Stephen J. Patterson, James M. Robinson, and Hans-Gebhard Bethge, The Fifth Gospel ; James R. Pritchard, ed., Ancient Near Eastern Texts ; James M. Robinson, Paul Hoffman, and John S. Kloppenborg, eds., The Critical Edition of Q ; James M. Robinson and Helmut Koester, Trajectories through Early Christianity ; Albert Schweitzer, The Quest of the Historical Jesus .

1. The Gospel of Thomas

Critical editions of the Gospel of Thomas, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Marvin Meyer, The Gospel of Thomas ; Helmut Koester, Bentley Layton, Thomas O. Lambdin, and Harold W. Attridge, “The Gospel According to Thomas,” in Bentley Layton, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex II , 2 –7 , 1.37–128. The latter volume also includes the Greek fragments of the Gospel of Thomas, Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 1, 654, and 655, along with testimonies in the church fathers. English translation: Helmut Koester and Thomas O. Lambdin, “The Gospel of Thomas,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library In English . Scholarly studies: Stevan Davies, The Gospel of Thomas and Christian Wisdom ; Marvin Meyer, Secret Gospels ; Stephen J. Patterson, The Gospel of Thomas and Jesus ; Richard Valantasis, The Gospel of Thomas . The Gospel of Thomas has also attracted a great deal of popular interest, and it was portrayed as a significant and suppressed collection of sayings of Jesus in the film Stigmata .

2. The Gospel of John

The books and articles published on the Gospel of John are legion. Representative scholarly studies: Raymond E. Brown, The Gospel According to John ; Rudolf Bultmann, The Gospel of John ; Ernst Käsemann, The Testament of Jesus . Each of these important books includes significant reflections on the question of the Gospel of John and gnosticism. Raymond Brown’s commentary is a comprehensive, two-volume work with excellent, balanced surveys of the literature and discussions of the issues .

Part Two: Literature of Gnostic Wisdom

Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible ; Walter Bauer, Orthodoxy and Heresy in Earliest Christianity ; Robert M. Grant, Gnosticism and Early Christianity ; Charles W. Hedrick and Robert Hodgson, Jr., eds., Nag Hammadi, Gnosticism, and Early Christianity ; Hans Jonas, The Gnostic Religion ; A. F. J. Klijn, Seth in Jewish, Christian, and Gnostic Literature ; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures ; Bentley Layton, The Rediscovery of Gnosticism ; Elaine H. Pagels, The Gnostic Paul ; Elaine H. Pagels, The Johannine Gospel in Gnostic Exegesis ; James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English ; James M. Robinson and Helmut Koester, Trajectories through Early Christianity ; Kurt Rudolph, Gnosis ; François Sagnard, La Gnose valentinienne et le témoignage de Saint Irénée ; Hans-Martin Schenke, “Das sethianische System nach Nag-Hammadi-Handschriften”; Hans-Martin Schenke, “The Problem of Gnosis”; Hans-Martin Schenke, Hans-Gebhard Bethge, and Ursula Ulrike Kaiser, eds., Nag Hammadi Deutsch ; Jonathan Z. Smith, Drudgery Divine ; G. C. Stead, “The Valentinian Myth of Sophia”; Gedaliahu A. G. Stroumsa, Another Seed ; John D. Turner, “Sethian Gnosticism: A Literary History”; John D. Turner, Sethian Gnosticism and the Platonic Tradition ; Michael A. Williams, The Immovable Race ; Michael A. Williams, Rethinking “Gnosticism.”

3. The Book of Baruch

Critical editions of the Book of Baruch, in Hippolytus of Rome, Refutation of All Heresies : Miroslav Marcovich, ed., Hippolyti refutationis omnium haeresium librorum decem quae supersunt ; Paul Wendland, ed., Refutatio omnium haeresium . English translations: Robert M. Grant, Gnosticism , 94–100; Robert M. Grant, “Baruch by Justin,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 637–47; Robert Haardt, ed., Gnosis , 108–16. Scholarly studies: Robert M. Grant, Gnosticism and Early Christianity ; Ernst Haenchen, “The Book Baruch,” in Werner Foerster, ed., Gnosis , 1.48–58, as well as his article under the same title; Michael A. Williams, Rethinking “Gnosticism,” 18–23.

4. The Gospel of Judas

Critical edition of the Gospel of Judas, with introduction, color photographs of the papyrus pages, Coptic text, English and French translations, notes, and indices of Coptic and Greek words: Rodolphe Kasser, Gregor Wurst, Marvin Meyer, and François Gaudard, eds., The Gospel of Judas (Codex Tchacos) . English translations and scholarly studies: April D. DeConick, The Thirteenth Apostle ; Bart D. Ehrman, The Lost Gospel of Judas Iscariot ; Rodolphe Kasser, Marvin Meyer, and Gregor Wurst, eds., The Gospel of Judas ; Marvin Meyer, Judas, 45‒66; Marvin Meyer, ed., The Nag Hammadi Scriptures, 755‒69; Elaine H. Pagels and Karen L. King, Reading Judas .

5. The Secret Book of John

Critical edition of the Secret Book of John, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Michael Waldstein and Frederik Wisse, eds., The Apocryphon of John . English translation: Frederik Wisse, “The Apocryphon of John,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Karen L. King, “The Apocryphon of John: Part II of the Gospel of John?”; Karen L. King, “Sophia and Christ in the Apocryphon of John”; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures , 23–51; Michel Tardieu, Écrits gnostiques: Codex de Berlin . The volume by Michael Waldstein and Frederik Wisse contains a lengthy bibliography .

6. The Reality of the Rulers

Critical edition of the Reality of the Rulers, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Roger A. Bullard and Bentley Layton, “The Hypostasis of the Archons,” in Bentley Layton, ed., Nag Hammadi Codices II , 2 –7 , 1.219–59. English translation: Bentley Layton, “The Hypostasis of the Archons,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Bernard Barc and Michel Roberge, eds., L’Hypostase des archontes ; Roger A. Bullard, The Hypostasis of the Archons ; Francis T. Fallon, The Enthronement of Sabaoth ; Bentley Layton, “The Hypostasis of the Archons ; or, The Reality of the Rulers ”; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures , 68–76.

7. The Revelation of Adam

Critical edition of the Revelation of Adam, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: George W. MacRae, “The Apocalypse of Adam,” in Douglas M. Parrott, ed., Nag Hammadi Codices V, 2 –5 and VI , 151–95. English translation: George W. MacRae, “The Apocalypse of Adam,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Charles W. Hedrick, “The Apocalypse of Adam”; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures , 52–64; Françoise Morard, L’Apocalypse d’Adam .

8. Three Forms of First Thought

Critical edition of Three Forms of First Thought, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: John D. Turner, “Trimorphic Protennoia,” in Charles W. Hedrick, ed., Nag Hammadi Codices XI, XII, and XIII, 371–454. English translation: John D. Turner, “Trimorphic Protennoia,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English. Scholarly studies: Yvonne Janssens, La Prôtennoia trimorphe ; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures , 86–100; James M. Robinson, “Sethians and Johannine Thought: The Trimorphic Protennoia and the Prologue of the Gospel of John.”

9. The Three Steles of Seth

Critical edition of the Three Steles of Seth, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: James E. Goehring and James M. Robinson, “The Three Steles of Seth,” in Birger A. Pearson, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex VII , 371–421. English translation: Goehring and Robinson, “The Three Steles of Seth,” in Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Paul Claude, Les trois stèles de Seth ; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures , 149–58; Konrad Wekel, “Die drei Stelen des Seth. ”

10. The Vision of the Foreigner

Critical edition of the Foreigner, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Antoinette Clark Wire, John D. Turner, and Orval S. Wintermute, “Allogenes,” in Charles W. Hedrick, ed., Nag Hammadi Codices XI, XII, and XIII , 173–267. English translation: Antoinette Clark Wire, John D. Turner, and Orval S. Wintermute, “Allogenes,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Karen L. King, Revelation of the Unknowable God ; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures, 141–48.

11. The Sermon of Zostrianos

Critical edition of Zostrianos, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Bentley Layton and John H. Sieber, “Zostrianos,” in Sieber, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex VIII , 7–232. English translation: John H. Sieber, “Zostrianos,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Catherine Barry, Wolf-Peter Funk, Paul-Hubert Poirier, and John D. Turner, eds., Zostrien ; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures , 121–40; John H. Sieber, “The Barbelo Aeon as Sophia in Zostrianos and Related Tractates.”

12. The Baptismal Ceremony of the Gospel of the Egyptians

Critical edition of the Gospel of the Egyptians, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Alexander Böhlig and Frederik Wisse, eds., Nag Hammadi Codices III, 2 and IV, 2 . English translation: Böhlig and Wisse, “The Gospel of the Egyptians,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly study: Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures , 101–20.

13. Thunder

Critical edition of Thunder, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: George W. MacRae, “The Thunder: Perfect Mind,” in Douglas M. Parrott, ed., Nag Hammadi Codices V , 2 –5 and VI , 231–55. English translation: George W. MacRae, “The Thunder, Perfect Mind,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 595–609; George W. MacRae, “The Thunder: Perfect Mind,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English. Scholarly studies: Hans-Gebhard Bethge, “‘Nebront’”; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures, 77–85.

14. The Letter of Peter to Philip

Critical editions of the Letter of Peter to Philip, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Marvin Meyer, The Letter of Peter to Philip ; Marvin Meyer and Frederik Wisse, “Letter of Peter to Philip,” in John H. Sieber, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex VIII , 227–51. English translation: Meyer and Wisse, “The Letter of Peter to Philip,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Hans-Gebhard Bethge, Der Brief des Petrus an Philippu s; Hans-Gebhard Bethge, “The Letter of Peter to Philip,” in Wilhelm Schneemelcher, ed., New Testament Apocrypha , 1.342–53; and Jacques-É. Ménard, La Lettre de Pierre à Philippe .

15. The Gospel of Truth

Critical edition of the Gospel of Truth, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Harold W. Attridge and George W. MacRae, “The Gospel of Truth,” in Harold W. Attridge, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex I , 1.55–122, 2.39–135. English translation: Harold W. Attridge and George W. MacRae, “The Gospel of Truth,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English ; Robert M. Grant, “The Gospels of Truth,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 286–96; Scholarly studies: Kendrick Grobel, “The Gospel of Truth”; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures , 250–64; Jacques-É. Ménard, “L’Évangile de vérité”; Hans-Martin Schenke, “Die Herkunft des sogennanten Evangelium Veritatis.”

16. The Gospel of Philip

Critical edition of the Gospel of Philip, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Wesley W. Isenberg and Bentley Layton, “The Gospel According to Philip,” in Bentley Layton, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex II, 2–7 , 1.129–217. English translation: Wesley W. Isenberg, “The Gospel of Philip,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 87–100; Wesley W. Isenberg, “The Gospel According to Philip,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures, 325–53; Jacques-É. Ménard, L’Évangile selon Philippe ; Hans-Martin Schenke, “The Gospel of Philip,” in Wilhelm Schneemelcher, ed., New Testament Apocrypha , 1.179–208; Walter C. Till, Das Evangelium nach Philippos ; R. McL. Wilson, The Gospel of Philip . The study by Hans-Martin Schenke includes good bibliographical entries.

17. The Letter to Flora

Critical edition of Ptolemy’s Letter to Flora: Gilles Quispel, ed., Ptolémée, Lettre à Flora . English translation: Robert M. Grant, Gnosticism , 184–90. Scholarly study, with English translation: Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures , 306–15.

18. Commentary on the Gospel of John

Critical editions of the fragmentary sections from Herakleon, preserved in Origen’s Commentary on the Gospel of John and Clement of Alexandria’s Miscellanies: A. E. Brooke, ed., The Fragments of Heracleon ; W. Völker, ed., Quellen zur Geschichte der christlichen Gnosis . English translation: Robert M. Grant, Gnosticism , 195–208. Scholarly studies: Werner Foerster, ed., Gnosis , 1.162–83; Elaine H. Pagels, The Johannine Gospel in Gnostic Exegesis . Related to Herakleon’s Commentary on John is the work of the Valentinian Theodotos, whose writings survive in fragments: critical edition, R. P. Casey, ed., The Excerpta ex Theodoto of Clement of Alexandria .

19. The Treatise on Resurrection

Critical edition of the Treatise on Resurrection, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Malcolm L. Peel, “The Treatise on the Resurrection,” in Harold W. Attridge, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex I , 1.123–57, 2.137–215. English translation: Malcolm L. Peel, “The Treatise on the Resurrection,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures , 316–19; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Treatise on Resurrection ; Jacques-É. Ménard, Le Traité sur la résurrection .

20. The Prayer of the Messenger Paul

Critical edition of the Prayer of the Messenger Paul, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Dieter Mueller, “The Prayer of the Apostle Paul,” in Harold W. Attridge, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex I , 1.5–11, 2.1–5. English translation: Mueller, “The Prayer of the Apostle Paul,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly study: Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures, 303–5.

21. Valentinian Liturgical Readings

Critical edition of the Valentinian Liturgical Readings, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: John D. Turner, “On the Anointing,” “On Baptism A,” “On Baptism B,” “On the Eucharist A,” “On the Eucharist B,” in Charles W. Hedrick, ed., Nag Hammadi Codices XI, XII, and XIII , 94–95, 142–51, 170–72. English translation: John D. Turner, “On the Anointing,” “On Baptism A,” “On Baptism B,” “On the Eucharist A,” “On the Eucharist B,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English .

22. The Secret Book of James

Critical edition of the Secret Book of James, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Francis E. Williams, “The Apocryphon of James,” in Harold W. Attridge, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex I , 1.13–53, 2.7–37. English translation: Ron Cameron, “The Apocryphon of James,” in Ron Cameron, The Other Gospels, 55–64; Ron Cameron, “The Apocryphon of James,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 543–49; Francis E. Williams, “The Apocryphon of James,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Ron Cameron, Sayings Traditions in the Apocryphon of James ; Dankwart Kirchner, “The Apocryphon of James,” in Wilhelm Schneemelcher, ed., New Testament Apocrypha, 1.285–99; Donald Rouleau, L’Épître apocryphe de Jacques .

23. The Round Dance of the Cross

Critical edition of the Round Dance of the Cross, in the Acts of John: Eric Junod and Jean-Daniel Kaestli, Acta Johannis . Scholarly studies: Arthur J. Dewey, “The Hymn in the Acts of John”; Knut Schäferdiek, “The Acts of John,” in Wilhelm Schneemelcher, ed., New Testament Apocrypha , 2.152–212.

24. The Songs of Solomon

Editions of the Songs of Solomon: Rendel Harris and Alphonse Mingana, The Odes and Psalms of Solomon ; English translation: Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 275–85; James H. Charlesworth, The Odes of Solomon . Scholarly studies: James H. Charlesworth, Critical Reflections on the Odes of Solomon ; Gerald R. Blaszcak, A Formcritical Study of Selected Odes of Solomon .

25. The Song of the Pearl

Translations and scholarly studies of the Song of the Pearl: Günther Bornkamm, “The Acts of Thomas,” in Edgar Hennecke and Wilhelm Schneemelcher, eds., New Testament Apocrypha , 2.498–504; English translation: Willis Barnstone, “The Hymn of the Pearl,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 299–307; Han J. W. Drijvers, “The Acts of Thomas,” in Wilhelm Schneemelcher, ed., New Testament Apocrypha , 2.380–85; Robert M. Grant, Gnosticism, 116–22; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures , 371–75. Layton’s book includes additional bibliography.

26. The Book of Thomas

Critical edition of the Book of Thomas, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: John D. Turner and Bentley Layton, “The Book of Thomas the Contender Writing to the Perfect,” in Bentley Layton, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex II , 2 –7 , 2.171–205. English translation: John D. Turner, “The Book of Thomas the Contender,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Raymond Kuntzmann, Le Livre de Thomas ; Hans-Martin Schenke, “The Book of Thomas,” in Wilhelm Schneemelcher, ed., New Testament Apocrypha , 1.232–40; John D. Turner, The Book of Thomas the Contender .

27. The Exegesis on the Soul

Critical edition of the Exegesis on the Soul, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: William C. Robinson, Jr., and Bentley Layton, “The Expository Treatise on the Soul,” in Bentley Layton, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex II, 2 –7 , 2.135–69. English translation: William C. Robinson, Jr., and Maddalena Scopello, “The Exegesis on the Soul,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Hedda Bethge, ed., “Die Exegese über die Seele”; Frederik Wisse, “On Exegeting the Exegesis on the Soul”; Scopello, L’Exégèse de l’âme , with introduction, French translation, and commentary.

28. On the Origin of the World

Critical edition of the text On the Origin of the World, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, notes, and presentation of the British Library and Nag Hammadi library fragments: Hans-Gebhard Bethge, Bentley Layton, and Societas Coptica Hierosolymitana, “On the Origin of the World,” in Layton, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex II, 2 –7 , 2.11–134. English translation: Bethge, Layton, and Societas Coptica Hierosolymitana, “On the Origin of the World,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Hans-Martin Schenke, “Vom Ursprung der Welt”; Michel Tardieu, Trois mythes gnostiques ; Michael A. Williams, Rethinking “Gnosticism.” Hans-Gebhard Bethge, who has collaborated on the English scholarly edition and whose comments are quoted, has done his doctoral dissertation on this text (“Vom Ursprung der Welt”).

29. The Paraphrase of Shem

Critical edition of the Paraphrase of Shem, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Frederik Wisse, “The Paraphrase of Shem,” in Birger A. Pearson, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex VII , 15–127. English translation: Michel Roberge and Frederik Wisse, “The Paraphrase of Shem,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Michel Roberge, “Anthrogonie et anthropologie dans le Paraphrase de Sem”; Michel Roberge, Le Paraphrase de Sem .

30. The Second Treatise of the Great Seth

Critical edition of the Second Treatise of the Great Seth, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Gregory Riley, “The Second Treatise of the Great Seth,” in Birger A. Pearson, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex VII , 129–99. English translation: Roger A. Bullard and Joseph A. Gibbons, “The Second Treatise of the Great Seth,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Hans-Gebhard Bethge, “Zweite Logos des grossen Seth”; Louis Painchaud, Le Deuxième Traité du Grand Seth .

31. The Gospel of Mary

Critical edition of the Gospel of Mary, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: George W. MacRae and R. McL. Wilson, “The Gospel of Mary,” in Douglas M. Parrott, ed., Nag Hammadi Codices V, 2 –5 and VI , 453–71. English translation: Karen L. King, MacRae, and Wilson, “The Gospel of Mary,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Another English translation, with introduction and notes: King, “The Gospel of Mary,” in Robert J. Miller, ed., The Complete Gospels , 351–60.

32. The Naassene Sermon

Critical editions of the Naassene Sermon, in Hippolytus of Rome, Refutation of All Heresies : Miroslav Marcovich, ed., Hippolyti refutationis omnium haeresium librorum decem quae supersunt ; Paul Wendland, ed., Refutatio omnium haeresium . Translations: Robert M. Grant, Gnosticism , 105–15; Robert Haardt, ed., Gnosis , 99–100; Revision: Willis Barnstone, “Naassene Psalm,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 635–36. Scholarly studies: Werner Foerster, ed., Gnosis , vol. 1; Josef Frickel, Hellenistische Erlösung in christlicher Deutung: Die Naassenerschrift ; Marvin Meyer, The Ancient Mysteries .

Part Three: Hermetic Literature

A. J. Festugière, La Révélation d’Hermès Trismégiste ; Hans Jonas, The Gnostic Religion ; H.D., Trilogy ; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures ; Jean-Pierre Mahé, Hermès en Haute-Égypte ; Arthur Darby Nock and A. J. Festugière, eds., Corpus Hermeticum ; Birger Pearson, “Jewish Elements in Corpus Hermeticum I (Poimandres) .”

33. Poimandres

Translations and scholarly studies of Poimandres: A. J. Festugière, La Révélation d’Hermès Trismégiste ; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures ; Arthur Darby Nock and A. J. Festugière, eds., Corpus Hermeticum. English translation: Willis Barnstone, “Poimandres,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 567–74.

34. The Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth

Critical edition of the Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Peter A. Dirkse, James Brashler, and Douglas M. Parrott, “The Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth,” in Douglas M. Parrott, ed., Nag Hammadi Codices V, 2 –5 and VI, 341–73. English translation: Brashler, Dirkse, and Parrott, “The Discourse on the Eighth and Ninth,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Jean-Pierre Mahé, Hermès en Haute-Égypte , vol. 1; Karl-Wolfgang Tröger, “Die sechste und siebte Schrift aus Nag-Hammadi-Codex VI.”

35. The Prayer of Thanksgiving

Critical edition of the Prayer of Thanksgiving, with introduction, Coptic text, English translation, and notes: Peter A. Dirkse and James Brashler, “The Prayer of Thanksgiving,” in Douglas M. Parrott, ed., Nag Hammadi Codex V, 2 –5 and VI , 375–87. English translation: Brashler, Dirkse, and Parrott, “The Prayer of Thanksgiving,” in James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English . Scholarly studies: Jean-Pierre Mahé, Hermès en Haute-Égypte , vol. 1; Jean-Pierre Mahé, “La Prière d’actions de grâces du Codex VI de Nag-Hammadi et le discours parfait”; Karl Wolfgang Tröger, “Die sechste und siebte Schrift aus Nag-Hammadi-Codex VI.”

Part Four: Mandaean Literature

Jorunn Jacobsen Buckley, The Scroll of Exalted Kingship (Diwan Malkuta ’Laita) ; Nathaniel Deutsch, Guardians of the Gate: Angelic Vice Regency in Late Antiquity ; E. S. Drower, The Canonical Prayerbook of the Mandaeans ; E. S. Drower, The Haran Gawaita and the Baptism of Hibil-Ziwa ; E. S. Drower, The Mandaeans of Iraq and Iran ; Werner Foerster, ed., Gnosis; E. S. Drower, The Secret Adam: A Study of Nasoraean Gnosis; S. Gündüz, The Knowledge of Life: The Origins and Early History of the Mandaeans and Their Relation to the Sabians of the Qur’an and to the Harranians ; Mark Lidzbarski, Ginza: Der Schatz oder das grosse Buch der Mandäer übersetzt und erklärt ; Mark Lidzbarski, Das Johannesbuch der Mandäer ; Kurt Rudolph, Die Mandäer I . Prolegomena: Das Mandäerproblem; II . Der Kult ; Kurt Rudolph, Theogonie, Kosmogonie und Anthropogonie in den mandäischen Schriften ; Georg Widengren, ed., Der Mandäismus ; Edwin Yamauchi, Pre-Christian Gnosticism .

36. The Ginza

English translations of portions of the Ginza: Kurt Rudolph, in Werner Foerster, ed., Gnosis , vol. 2; Robert Haardt, ed., Gnosis ; Werner Foerster, “A Selection of Gnostic Texts,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 692–702. Scholarly study: Mark Lidzbarski, Ginza .

37. Hibil’s Lament from the Book of John

English translation of Hibil’s Lament: Jorunn Jacobsen Buckley, “Professional Fatigue: ‘Hibil’s Lament’ in The Mandaean Book of John .” Scholarly study: Mark Lidzbarski, Das Johannesbuch der Mandäer .

38. Songs from the Mandaean Liturgy

English translations of Songs from the Mandaean Liturgy: Kurt Rudolph, in Werner Foerster, ed., Gnosis, vol. 2. Scholarly study: Mark Lidzbarski, Mandäische Liturgien .

Part Five: Manichaean Literature

C. R. C. Allberry, ed., Manichaean Manuscripts in the Chester Beatty Collection , vol. 2, A Manichaean Psalm-Book , Part II; Willis Barnstone, “Mani and Manichaeism,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 669–74; Ferdinand Christian Baur, Das manichäische Religionssystem ; Isaac de Beausobre, Histoire critique de Manichée et du manichéisme ; Jason BeDuhn, The Manichaean Body ; Geng Shimin, “Recent Studies on Manichaeism in China”; Hans-Joachim Klimkeit, Gnosis on the Silk Road ; Ludwig Koenen and Cornelia Römer, eds., Der Kölner Mani-Kodex ; S. N. C. Lieu, Manichaeism in the Later Roman Empire and Medieval China: A Historical Survey ; Lin Wu-shu, Manichaeism and Its Spread to the East (in Chinese; English review by P. Bryder in Manichaean Studies Newsletter 1 [1989]: 15–19); Lin Wu-shu, “A New Find of [a] Manichaean Stone Carving in Fujian, China”; Lin Wu-shu, “On the Joining between the Two Fragments of ‘The Compendium of the Teachings of Mani, the Buddha of Light’”; Reinhold Merkelbach, Mani und sein Religionssystem ; Reinhold Merkelbach, “Der manichäische Codex von Tebessa”; Paul A. Mirecki, “The Coptic Manichaean Synaxeis Codex: Descriptive Catalogue of Synaxis Chapter Titles”; H. J. Polotsky, Manichäische Handschriften der Sammlung A. Chester Beatty . Band 1. Manichäische Homilien ; H. J. Polotsky and Alexander Böhlig, Manichäische Handschriften der staatliche Museen Berlins. Kephalaia ; J. Ries, Les Études manichéenes: Des Controverses de la Réforme aux découvertes du XXe siècle ; James M. Robinson, “The Fate of the Manichaean Codices of Medinet Madi, 1929–1989”; Carl Schmidt and H. J. Polotsky, “Ein Mani-Fund in Ägypten: Originalschriften des Mani und seiner Schüler.”

39. On the Origin of His Body

Critical editions of the text On the Origin of His Body: Albert Henrichs and Ludwig Koenen, eds., “Ein griechischer Mani-Codex”; Ludwig Koenen and Cornelia Römer, eds., Der Kölner Mani-Kodex . English translations: Ron Cameron and Arthur J. Dewey, The Cologne Mani Codex ; Ellen Bradshaw Aitken, “The Cologne Mani Codex.” On the Elkesaites: Hans-Joachim Schoeps, Jewish Christianity ; Hans-Joachim Schoeps, Theologie und Geschichte des Judenchristentums .

40. The Story of the Death of Mani

English translations of the Story of the Death of Mani: Jes P. Asmussen, Manichaean Literature , 54–58; Jes P. Asmussen, “Mani’s Death,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 690–91; W. B. Henning, “Mani’s Last Journey,” 948–53.

41. The Kephalaia

English translation of the Kephalaia: Iain Gardner, The Kephalaia of the Teacher , 77–78, 93–105; Robert Haardt, “The Kephalaia of the Teacher,” in Willis Barnstone, ed., The Other Bible, 668–69. Scholarly study: H. J. Polotsky and Alexander Böhlig, Kephalaia .

42. The Coptic Manichaean Songbook

English translation of the Coptic Manichaean Songbook: C. R. C. Allberry, A Manichaean Psalm-Book . Scholarly study: Torgny Säve-Söderbergh, Studies in the Coptic Manichaean Psalm-Book .

43. Parthian Songs

English translation of the Parthian Songs: Jes P. Asmussen, Manichaean Literature . Scholarly study: Hans-Joachim Klimkeit, Gnosis on the Silk Road , 99–122.

44. The Great Song to Mani

English translation of the Great Song to Mani: Hans-Joachim Klimkeit, Gnosis on the Silk Road , 280–84.

Part Six: Islamic Mystical Literature

A. J. Arberry, ed., The Koran Interpreted ; Michael Asin y Palacios, Logia et Agrapha Domini Jesu ; Ioan Culianu, “Gnosticisim”; Roderic Dunkerley, Beyond the Gospels ; Heinz Halm, Die islamische Gnosis ; Heinz Halm, Kosmologie and Heilslehre der frühen Isma‘iliya ; Joachim Jeremias, Unknown Sayings of Jesus ; Tarif Khalidi, The Muslim Jesus ; D. S. Margoliouth, “Christ in Islam”; Marvin Meyer, “Did Jesus Drink from a Cup?”; Marvin Meyer, The Unknown Sayings of Jesus ; William G. Morrice, Hidden Sayings of Jesus ; Geoffrey Parrinder, Jesus in the Qur’an ; James Robson, Christ in Islam; James Hardy Ropes, “Agrapha”; Kurt Rudolph, Gnosis ; Salman Rushdie, The Satanic Verses . The passages quoted from al-Ghazali are from Marvin Meyer, The Unknown Sayings of Jesus .

45. The Mother of Books

German translation of the Mother of Books: Heinz Halm, Die islamische Gnosis .

Part Seven: Cathar Literature

Aliki Barnstone and Willis Barnstone, A Book of Women Poets from Antiquity to Now ; Aliki Barnstone, The Shambhala Anthology of Women’s Spiritual Poetry ; Meg Bogin, The Women Troubadours ; René Nelli, Écritures cathares ; Rayenius Sacconi, Summa de catharis ; Christine Thouzellier, ed., Le Livre des deux principes ; Christine Thouzellier, ed., Rituel cathare latin .

46. The Gospel of the Secret Supper

French translation of the Gospel of the Great Supper: René Nelli, Écritures cathares .

47. The Book of the Two Principles

French translation of the Book of the Two Principles: René Nelli, Écritures cathares .

48. A Nun’s Sermon

English translation: Willis Barnstone, in Aliki Barnstone, ed., The Shambhala Book of Women’s Spiritual Poetry, 66.

The Inner Light of Gnosis: A Historical Meditation

Willis Barnstone, The Other Bible ; Willis Barnstone, The Poetics of Ecstasy : Studies in Ekstasis from Sappho to Borges ; Willis Barnstone, The Poems of Saint John of the Cross ; Jean Doresse, The Secret Books of the Egyptian Gnostics ; Giovanni Filoramo, A History of Gnosticism ; Robert M. Grant, Gnosticism and Early Christianity ; Hans Jonas, The Gnostic Religion ; Karen L. King, Revelation of the Unknowable God ; Bentley Layton, The Gnostic Scriptures ; Marvin Meyer, The Unknown Sayings of Jesus ; Marvin Meyer, The Gospel of Thomas ; Stuart Holroyd, The Elements of Gnosticism ; James M. Robinson, ed., The Nag Hammadi Library in English ; Kurt Rudolph, Gnosis ; Gershom Scholem, Jewish Gnosticism, Merkabah Mysticism, and Talmudic Tradition .

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