Bibliographies

INTRODUCTION

1. Belgrad, Daniel. The Culture of Spontaneity: Improvisation and the Arts in Postwar America, new edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.
2. Boyer, Paul. By the Bomb’s Early Light: American Thought and Culture at the Dawn of the Atomic Age. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1994.
3. Friedrich, Otto. The End of the World: A History. New York: Penguin, 1982.
4. Lhamon, W. T., Jr. Deliberate Speed: The Origins of a Cultural Style in the American 1950s. Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard University Press, 1990.
5. Lott, Eric. “Double V, Double-Time: Bebop’s Politics of Style.” In Jazz Among the Discourses, Krin Gabbard, ed. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1995.
6. Mee, Charles L., Jr. The Deal: Churchill, Truman, and Stalin Remake the World. Boston: New Word City, 2014.
7. Morgan, Bill. I Celebrate Myself: The Somewhat Private Life of Allen Ginsberg. New York: Viking, 2006.
8. Smyth, H. D. Atomic Energy for Military Purposes. York, PA: Maple Press, 1945.

GAY RIGHTS

1. Baim, Tracy. Barbara Gittings: Gay Pioneer. Chicago: Prairie Avenue Productions, 2015.
2. Bayley, Edwin R. Joe McCarthy and the Press. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1981.
3. Bérubé, Allan. Coming Out Under Fire: The History of Gay Men and Women in World War II. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1990.
4. Bronski, Michael. A Queer History of the United States. Boston: Beacon Press, 2011.
5. Cervini, Eric. The Deviant’s War: The Homosexual vs. the United States of America. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2020.
6. Corber, Robert J. Homosexuality in Cold War America: Resistance and the Crisis of Masculinity. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1997.
7. Cory, Donald Webster [Edward Sagarin]. The Homosexual in America: A Subjective Approach. New York: Greenberg, 1951.
8. Cybernetics: The Macy Conferences, 1946–1953: The Complete Transactions, revised edition. Claus Pias, ed. Zurich: Diaphanes, 2016.
9. D’Emilio, John. Making Trouble: Essays on Gay History, Politics, and the University. New York: Routledge, 1992.
10. ———. Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities: The Making of a Homosexual Minority in the United States 1940–1970. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1983.
11. Faderman, Lillian. The Gay Revolution: The Story of the Struggle. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2015.
12. ———. Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers: A History of Lesbian Life in 20th Century America. New York: Columbia University Press, 1991.
13. Gay and Lesbian Rights in the United States: A Documentary History. Walter L. Williams and Yolanda Retter, eds. Westport, CT, and London: Greenwood Press, 2003.
14. Gay Is Good: The Life and Letters of Gay Rights Pioneer Frank Kameny. Michael G. Long, ed. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2014.
15. Hansen, Joseph. A Few Doors West of Hope: The Life and Times of Dauntless Don Slater. Homosexual Information Center, 1998.
16. Homophile Studies in Theory and Practice. W. Dorr Legg, ed. San Francisco: One Institute Press & GLB Publishers, 1994.
17. Hurewitz, Daniel. Bohemian Los Angeles and the Making of Modern Politics. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007.
18. Johnson, David K. The Lavender Scare: The Cold War Persecution of Gays and Lesbians in the Federal Government. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004.
19. Kaiser, Charles. The Gay Metropolis: The Landmark History of Gay Life in America. New York: Grove Press, 1997.
20. Katz, Jonathan Ned. Gay American History: Lesbians and Gay Men in the U.S.A., revised edition. New York: Meridian, 1992.
21. Kinsey, Alfred, et al. Sexual Behavior in the Human Male. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1948.
22. Lait, Jack, and Lee Mortimer. Washington Confidential. New York: Crown Publishers, 1951.
23. Loughery, John. The Other Side of Silence: Men’s Lives and Gay Identities: A Twentieth-Century History. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1998.
24. Marcus, Eric. Making Gay History: The Half-Century Fight for Lesbian and Gay Equal Rights. New York: Harper Perennial, 2002.
25. Meeker, Martin. Contacts Desired: Gay and Lesbian Communications and Community, 1940s–1970s. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006.
26. Murdoch, Joyce, and Deb Price. Courting Justice: Gay Men and Lesbians v. The Supreme Court. New York: Basic Books, 2002.
27. Patterson, James T. Grand Expectations: The United States, 1945–1974. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1996.
28. Radically Gay: Gay Liberation in the Words of Its Founder, Harry Hay. Will Roscoe, ed. Boston: Beacon Press, 1996.
29. Sears, James T. Behind the Mask of the Mattachine: The Hall Call Chronicles and the Early Movement for Homosexual Emancipation. New York and London: Harrington Park Press, 2006.
30. Setterington, Ken. Branded by the Pink Triangle. Toronto: Second Story Press, 2013.
31. Stein, Marc. City of Sisterly and Brotherly Loves: Lesbian and Gay Philadelphia, 1945–1972. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2004.
32. Teal, Donn. The Gay Militants. New York: Stein and Day, 1971.
33. Timmons, Stuart. The Trouble with Harry Hay: Founder of the Modern Gay Movement. Boston: Alyson Publications, 1990.
34. We Are Everywhere: A Historical Sourcebook of Gay and Lesbian Politics. Mark Blasius and Shane Phelan, eds. New York: Routledge, 1997.
35. White, C. Todd. Pre-Gay L.A.: A Social History of the Movement for Homosexual Rights. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2009.

Papers and Articles

1. “The American Gay Rights Movement and Patriotic Protest,” Simon Hall. Journal of the History of Sexuality, vol. 19, no. 3 (September 2010), pp. 536–562.
2. “Behind the Mask of Respectability: Reconsidering the Mattachine Society and Male Homophile Practice, 1950s and 1960s,” Martin Meeker. Journal of the History of Sexuality, vol. 10, no. 1 (January 2001), pp. 78–116.
3. “Birth of a Consciousness,” Harry Hay. Gay & Lesbian Review, November–December 2016, pp. 1–10.
4. “Children of a Lesser Holocaust,” Alistair Newton. Gay & Lesbian Review, January–February 2012, https://glreview.org/article/children-of-a-lesser-holocaust/.
5. “Communist and Homosexual: The FBI, Harry Hay, and the Secret Side of the Lavender Scare, 1943–1961,” Douglas M. Charles. American Communist History, vol. 11, no. 1 (2012), pp. 101–124.
6. “The Founding of the Mattachine Society: An Interview with Harry Hay,” Jonathan Katz. Radical America, vol. 11, no. 4 (July–August 1977), pp. 27–40. Reprinted in Katz, Gay American History, pp. 406–420.
7. “From Subversion to Obscenity: The FBI’s Investigations of the Early Homophile Movement in the United States, 1953–1958,” Douglas M. Charles. Journal of the History of Sexuality, vol. 19, no. 2 (May 2010), pp. 262–287.
8. “Gay Life in Stalin’s Gulag,” Kirill Guskov. openDemocracy, December 11, 2018. Interview with Dan Healy, author of Russian Homophobia from Stalin to Sochi. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/odr/gay-life-in-stalins-gulag/.
9. “ ‘Homo-Hunting’ in the Early Cold War: Senator Kenneth Wherry and the Homophobic Side of McCarthyism,” Randolph W. Baxter. Nebraska History, vol. 84 (2003), pp. 119–132.
10. “Homophobia and the Trajectory of Postwar American Radicalism: The Career of Bayard Rustin,” John D’Emilio. Radical History Review, vol. 1995, no. 62 (Spring 1995), pp. 80–103.
11. “ ‘Homosexual Citizens’: Washington’s Gay Community Confronts the Civil Service,” David K. Johnson. Washington History, vol. 6, no. 2 (Fall–Winter 1994/1995), pp. 44–63.
12. “Lifting the Ban on Gays in the Civil Service: Federal Policy Toward Gay and Lesbian Employees Since the Cold War,” Gregory B. Lewis. Public Administration Review, vol. 57, no. 5 (September–October 1997), pp, 387–395.
13. “National Security and Personal Isolation: Sex, Gender, and Disease in the Cold-War United States,” Geoffrey S. Smith. International History Review, vol. 14, no. 2 (May 1992), pp. 307–337.
14. “The Pink Triangle and Political Consciousness: Gays, Lesbians, and the Memory of Nazi Persecution,” Erik N. Jenson. Journal of the History of Sexuality, vol. 11, no. 1/2 (January–April 2002), pp. 319–349.
15. “ ‘Politics in an Age of Anxiety’: Cold War Political Culture and the Crisis in American Masculinity, 1949–1960,” K. A. Cuordileone. Journal of American History, vol. 87, no. 2 (September 2000), pp. 515-545.
16. “Queer Hoover: Sex, Lies, and Political History,” Claire Bond Potter. Journal of the History of Sexuality, vol. 15, no. 3 (July 2006), pp. 355–381.
17. Transcript, State Department Employee Loyalty Investigation, Subcommittee of the Foreign Relations Committee, U.S. Senate, 81st Congress, May 8–June 21, 1950.
18. “Unacceptable Mannerisms: Gender Anxieties, Homosexual Activism, and Swish in the United States, 1945–1965,” Craig M. Loftin. Journal of Social History, vol. 40, no. 3 (Spring 2007), pp. 577–596.
19. “ ‘Unceasing Pressure for Penetration’: Gender, Pathology, and Emotion in George Kennan’s Formation of the Cold War,” Frank Costigliola. Journal of American History, vol. 83, no. 4 (March 1997), pp. 1309–1339.
20. “We Are a Separate People.” Interviews of Harry Hay by Mitchell Tuchman, October 1981–January 1982. Center for Oral History Research, University of California, Los Angeles.

FEMINISM

Archives

1. Communism, Socialism, and Left-Wing Politics Collection. Sophia Smith Collection of Women’s History, Smith College, Northampton, MA.
2. Federated Press Records, 1918–1955. Butler Library, Columbia University, New York, NY. (BF/FP)
3. Papers of Betty Millard. Sophia Smith Collection of Women’s History, Smith College Special Collections, Smith College, Northampton, MA.
4. Papers of Eleanor Flexner. Schlesinger Library, Harvard Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
5. Papers of Gerda Lerner. Schlesinger Library, Harvard Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. (GL/SL)
6. Papers of Pauli Murray. Schlesinger Library, Harvard Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. (PM/SL)
7. Records of the Communist Party of the United States. Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives, New York University, New York, NY.
8. Records of the United Electrical, Radio, and Machine Workers of America, 1936–2006.
9. Archives & Special Collections, University of Pittsburgh Library System, Pittsburgh, PA. (BF/UE)
10. Records of the Women’s International Democratic Federation. Sophia Smith Collection of Women’s History, Smith College, Northampton, MA.

Books

1. Azaransky, Sarah. The Dream Is Freedom: Pauli Murray and American Democratic Faith. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2011.
2. Breines, Wini. The Trouble Between Us: An Uneasy History of White and Black Women in the Feminist Movement. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2006.
3. Brooks, Maegan Parker. Fannie Lou Hamer: America’s Freedom Fighting Woman. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2020.
4. Carson, Clayborne. In Struggle: SNCC and the Black Awakening of the 1960s. Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard University Press, 1995.
5. Cobble, Dorothy Sue. The Other Women’s Movement: Workplace Justice and Social Rights in Modern America. Princeton, NJ, and Oxford, UK: Princeton University Press, 2004.
6. Coontz, Stephanie. A Strange Stirring: The Feminine Mystique and American Women at the Dawn of the New Left. New York: Basic Books, 2011.
7. Evans, Sara. Personal Politics: The Roots of Women’s Liberation in the Civil Rights Movement. New York: Vintage Books, 1979.
8. Feminist Coalitions: Historical Perspectives on Second-Wave Feminism in the United States. Stephanie Gilmore, ed. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2008.
9. Fleming, Cynthia Griggs. Soon We Will Not Cry: The Liberation of Ruby Doris Smith Robinson. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 1998.
10. Flexner, Eleanor, and Ellen Fitzpatrick. Century of Struggle: The Women’s Rights Movement in the United States. Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard University Press, 1959.
11. Friedan, Betty. The Feminine Mystique, 50th anniversary edition. New York: W. W. Norton, 2013.
12. Giardina, Carol. Freedom for Women: Forging the Women’s Liberation Movement, 1953–1970. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2010.
13. Giddings, Paula. When and Where I Enter: The Impact of Black Women on Race and Sex in America. New York: William Morrow, 1984.
14. Gilmore, Stephanie. Groundswell: Grassroots Feminist Activism in Postwar America. New York: Routledge, 2013.
15. Gore, Dayo F. Radicalism at the Crossroads: African American Women Activists in the Cold War. New York and London: New York University Press, 2011.
16. Hamer, Fannie Lou. To Praise Our Bridges: An Autobiography. Pamphlet available at https://snccdigital.org/wp-content/themes/sncc/flipbooks/mev_hamer_updated_2018/index.html.
17. Hands on the Freedom Plow: Personal Accounts by Women in SNCC. Faith S. Holsaert, et al., eds. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2012.
18. Harrison, Cynthia. On Account of Sex: The Politics of Women’s Issues, 1945–1968. Berkeley and London: University of California Press, 1988.
19. Hartmann, Susan M. The Other Feminists: Activists in the Liberal Establishment. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1998.
20. Horowitz, Daniel. Betty Friedan and the Making of The Feminine Mystique: The American Left, the Cold War, and Modern Feminism. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1998.
21. Kerber, Linda. No Constitutional Right to be Ladies: Women and the Obligations of Citizenship. New York: Hill and Wang, 1998.
22. Komarovsky, Mirra. Women in the Modern World. New York: Little, Brown, 1953.
23. Lee, Chana Kai. For Freedom’s Sake: The Life of Fannie Lou Hamer. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999.
24. Lerner, Gerda, ed. Black Women in White America: A Documentary History. New York: Pantheon, 1972.
25. ———. Fireweed: A Political Autobiography. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2002.
26. ———. The Grimké Sisters from South Carolina: Pioneers for Women’s Rights and Abolition, revised edition. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
27. ———. The Majority Finds Its Past: Placing Women in History. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1979.
28. Lynn, Susan. Progressive Women in Conservative Times: Racial Justice, Peace, and Feminism, 1945 to the 1960s. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1992.
29. Mayeri, Serena. Reasoning from Race: Feminism, Law, and the Civil Rights Movement. Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard University Press, 2014.
30. McDuffie, Erik S. Sojourning for Freedom: Black Women, American Communism, and the Making of Black Left Feminism. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2011.
31. Mills, Kay. This Little Light of Mine: The Life of Fannie Lou Hamer. New York: Dutton, 1993.
32. Murray, Pauli. Dark Testament and Other Poems. New York and London: Liveright Publishing, 1970.
33. ———. Proud Shoes: The Story of an American Family. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1956.
34. ———. Song in a Weary Throat: Memoir of an American Pilgrimage. New York: Harper & Row, 1987. (Later republished as Pauli Murray: The Autobiography of a Black Activist, Feminist, Lawyer, Priest, and Poet.)
35. Nembhard, Jessica Gordon. Collective Courage: A History of African American Cooperative Economic Thought and Practice. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2014.
36. Olson, Lynne. Freedom’s Daughters: The Unsung Heroines of the Civil Rights Movement from 1830 to 1970. New York: Scribner, 2001.
37. Ransby, Barbara. Ella Baker and the Black Freedom Movement: A Radical Democratic Vision. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
38. Robnett, Belinda. How Long? How Long? African-American Women in the Struggle for Civil Rights. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1997.
39. Rosenberg, Rosalind. Divided Lives: American Women in the Twentieth Century, revised edition. New York: Hill and Wang, 2008.
40. ———. Jane Crow: The Life of Pauli Murray. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2017.
41. Rupp, Leila J., and Vera Taylor. Survival in the Doldrums: The American Women’s Rights Movement, 1945 to the 1960s. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1987.
42. Saxby, Troy R. Pauli Murray: A Personal and Political Life. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2020.
43. Sisters in the Struggle: African American Women in the Civil Rights–Black Power Movement. Bettye Collier-Thomas and V. P. Franklin, eds. New York and London: New York University Press, 2001.
44. The Speeches of Fannie Lou Hamer: To Tell It Like It Is. Maegan Parker Brooks and Davis W. Houck, eds. Jackson, MS: University Press of Mississippi, 2011.
45. Swerdlow, Amy. Women Strike for Peace: Traditional Motherhood and Radical Politics in the 1960s. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993.
46. U.S. History as Women’s History: New Feminist Essays. Linda K. Kerber, et al., eds. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995.
47. Walker, Alice. In Search of Our Mothers’ Gardens. New York: Open Road, Integrated Media, 2011.
48. Watters, Pat, and Reese Cleghorn. Climbing Jacob’s Ladder: The Arrival of Negroes in Southern Politics. New York: Harcourt, Brace and World, 1967.
49. Weigand, Kate. Red Feminism: American Communism and the Making of Women’s Liberation. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001.
50. Words of Fire: An Anthology of African-American Feminist Thought. Beverly Guy-Sheftall, ed. New York: The New Press, 1995.

Papers and Articles

1. “The 1950s: Gender and Some Social Science.” Wini Breines. Sociological Inquiry, vol. 56, no. 1, pp. 69–92.
2. “An American Credo,” Pauli Murray. Common Ground, vol.5, no. 2 (Winter 1945), pp. 22–24.
3. “Attacking the Washington ‘Femmocracy’: Antifeminism in the Cold War Campaign against ‘Communists in Government,’ ” Landon R. Y. Storrs. Feminist Studies, vol. 33, no. 1 (Spring 2007).
4. “Becoming the Third Wave,” Rebecca Walker. Ms., January 1992, pp. 39–41.
5. “Before the Second Wave: College Women, Cultural Literacy, Sexuality, and Identicy, 1940–1965,” Babette Faehnel. PhD dissertation, University of Massachusetts, Amherst (May 2009).
6. “Betty Friedan and the Radical Past of Liberal Feminism,” Joanne Boucher. New Politics, vol. 9, no. 3 (Summer 2003).
7. “Beyond the Feminine Mystique: A Reassessment of Postwar Mass Culture, 1946–1958,” Joanne Meyerowitz. Journal of American History, vol. 79, no. 4 (March 1993), pp. 1455–1482.
8. “Boy-Girl, Imp, Priest: Pauli Murray and the Limits of Identity,” Doreen M. Drury. Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion, vol. 29, no. 1 (Spring 2013), pp. 142-147.
9. “The Congress of American Women: Left-Feminist Peace Politics in the Cold War,” Amy Swerdlow. In U.S. History as Women’s History: New Feminist Essays, Linda Kerber et al., eds. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995, pp. 296–312.
10. “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory, and Antiracist Politics,” Kimberlé Crenshaw. University of Chicago Legal Forum, vol. 1989, no. 1, pp. 139–167.
11. “Eleanor Flexner and the History of American Feminism,” Ellen C. Dubois. Gender & History, vol. 3, no. 1 (March 1991), pp. 81–90.
12. “Fannie Lou Hamer: Mississippi Grassroots Organizer,” Susan Johnson. National Black Law Journal, vol. 2, no. 2 (1972), pp. 155–162.
13. “The Female Generation Gap: Daughters of the Fifties and the Origins of Contemporary American Feminism,” Ruth Rosen. In U. S. History as Women’s History, 313–334.
14. “Gerda Lerner (1920–2013). Pioneering Historian and Feminist,” Linda Gordon et al. Clio: Women, Gender, History, no. 38 (2013), pp. 254–263.
15. “Howard University Students Demonstrate New Technique in Securing Equal Rights.” Pauli Murray manuscript dated April 25, 1944. PM/SL
16. “ ‘It’s Good to Blow Your Top’: Women’s Magazines and a Discourse of Discontent, 1945–1965,” Eva Moskowitz. Journal of Women’s History, vol. 8, no. 3 (Fall 1996), pp. 66–98.
17. “Jane Crow and the Law: Sex Discrimination and Title VII,” Pauli Murray and Mary O. Eastwood. George Washington Law Review, vol. 43, no. 2 (December 1965), pp. 232–256.
18. “The Making of a Modern Feminist Vanguard, 1964–1973: Southern Women Whose Leadership Shaped the Movement and the Nation—A Synthetic Analysis,” Carol Giardina. Journal of Southern History, vol. 85, no. 3 (August 2019), pp. 611–652.
19. “Memorandum: The Role of the Negro Women in the Civil Rights Revolution,” Pauli Murray. Manuscript, August 27, 1963. PM/SL
20. “MOW to NOW: Black Feminism Resets the Chronology of the Founding of Modern Feminism,” Carol Giardina. Feminist Studies, vol. 44, no. 3 (2018), pp. 736–765.
21. Murray, Pauli. “The Negro Woman in the Quest for Equality,” Acorn. Official Publication of Lamba Kappa Mu Sorority, Inc., June 1964. Reprinted as “Jim Crow and Jane Crow” in Lerner, Black Women in White America: A Documentary History.
22. ———. “Three Thousand Miles on a Dime in Ten Days” and “Song of the Highway.” In Negro Anthology 1931–1933, Nancy Cunard, ed. London: Wishart & Co, 1934.
23. “NAACP Sponsored Sit-ins by Howard University Students in Washington, D.C., 1943–1944,” Flora Bryant Brown. Journal of Negro History, vol. 85, no. 4 (Autumn 2000), pp. 274–286.
24. “Pauli Murray and the ‘Juncture of Women’s Liberation and Black Liberation,’ ” Susan M. Hartmann. Journal of Women’s History, vol. 14, no. 2 (Summer 2002), pp. 74–77.
25. “Pauli Murray’s Campaign Against Harvard Law School’s ‘Jane Crow’ Admissions Policy,” Mary Elizabeth Basile. Journal of Legal Education, vol. 57, no. 1 (March 2007), pp. 77–101.
26. “Poetry, Ethics, and the Legacy of Pauli Murray,” Christiana Z. Peppard. Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics. Spring/Summer 2010, vol. 340, no. 1, pp. 21–43.
27. “The Question Seldom Asked: Women and the CPUSA,” Rosalyn Baxandall. In New Studies in the Politics and Culture of U.S. Communism, Michael E. Brown et al., eds. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1993.
28. “Race to the Bottom: How the Post-Racial Revolution Became a Whitewash,” Kimberlé Crenshaw. The Baffler, no. 35 (June 2017), pp. 40–57.
29. “Recapturing Working-Class Feminism: Union Women in the Postwar Era,” Dorothy Sue Cobble. In Not June Cleaver: Women and Gender in Postwar America, 1945–1960, Joanne Meyerowitz, ed. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1994, pp. 57–83.
30. “Red Feminism and Left History,” Paul Mishler. Science & Society, vol. 67, no. 4 (Winter 2003/2004), pp. 485–488.
31. “Rethinking the Second Wave,” Nancy MacLean. Nation, September 25, 2002, https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/rethinking-second-wave/.
32. “Re-Visioning the Women’s Liberation Movement’s Narrative: Early Second Wave African American Feminists,” Rosalyn Baxandall. Feminist Studies, vol. 27, no. 1 (Spring 2001), pp. 225–245.
33. “Running with the Reds: African American Women and the Communist Party during the Great Depression,” Lashawn Harris. Journal of African American History, vol. 94, no. 1 (Winter 2009), pp. 21–43.
34. “Should the Civil Rights Cases and Plessy v. Ferguson Be Overruled? An Examination of Constitutional Principles Applied to Civil Rights in Light of Recent American History,” Pauli Murray. Unpublished thesis, Howard University School of Law, May 1944. PM/SL
35. “Sixties Stories’ Silences: White Feminism, Black Feminism, Black Power,” Wini Breines. NWSA Journal, vol. 8, no. 3 (Autumn 1996), pp. 101–121.
36. “The Unread Red Feminists: Silenced Precursors of the U.S. Second Wave,” Susan Archer Mann. At the Center: Feminism, Social Science and Knowledge, vol. 20 (2015), pp. 291–310.
37. “ ‘To Organize in Every Neighborhood, in Every Home’: The Gender Politics of American Communists between the Wars,” Van Gosse. Radical History Review, vol. 1991, no. 50 (Spring 1991), pp. 109–141.
38. “Toward a Field of Intersectionary Studies: Theory, Applications, and Praxis,” Sumi Cho, et al. Signs, vol. 38, no. 4 (Summer 2013), pp. 785–810.
39. “Women in the Old and New Left: The Evolution of a Politics of Personal Life,” Ellen Kay Trimberger. Feminist Studies, vol. 5, no. 3 (Autumn 1979), pp. 431–450.
40. “Women’s Employment and the Domestic Ideal in the Early Cold War Years,” Susan M. Hartmann. In Not June Cleaver, 1994, pp. 84–100.

CIVIL RIGHTS

1. Alexander, Michelle. The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, revised edition. New York: The New Press, 2012.
2. Arsenault, Raymond. Freedom Riders: 1961 and the Struggle for Racial Justice. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2006.
3. The Black Power Movement: Rethinking the Civil Rights–Black Power Era. Joseph E. Peniel, ed. New York: Routledge, 2006.
4. Blacks in the Military: Essential Documents. Bernard C. Nalty and Morris J. MacGregor, eds. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, Inc., 1981.
5. Bloom, Joshua, and Waldo E. Martin, Jr. Black Against Empire: The History and Politics of the Black Panther Party. Oakland: University of California Press, 2013.
6. Branch, Taylor. At Canaan’s Edge: America in the King Years, 1965–68. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006.
7. ———. Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954–63. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989.
8. ———. Pillar of Fire: America in the King Years, 1963–65. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1998.
9. Brandt, Nat. Harlem at War: The Black Experience of World War II. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1996.
10. Brooks, Jennifer E. Defining the Peace: World War II Veterans, Race, and the Remaking of Southern Political Tradition. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
11. Chafe, William H. Civilities and Civil Rights: Greensboro, North Carolina, and the Black Struggle for Freedom. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1980.
12. Cobb, Charles E., Jr. This Nonviolent Stuff’ll Get You Killed: How Guns Made the Civil Rights Movement Possible. New York: Basic Books, 2014.
13. Colley, David P. Blood for Dignity: The Story of the First Integrated Combat Unit in the U. S. Army. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2003.
14. Cone, James H. Martin & Malcolm & America: A Dream or a Nightmare. New York: Orbis Books, 1991.
15. Davenport, Christian. How Social Movements Die: Repression and Demobilization of the Republic of New Africa. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
16. D’Emilio, John. Lost Prophet: The Life and Times of Bayard Rustin. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2003.
17. Dittmer, John. Local People: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Mississippi. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1995.
18. Dray, Philip. At the Hands of Persons Unknown: The Lynching of Black America. New York: Modern Library, 2003.
19. Dudziak, Mary L. Cold War Civil Rights. Princeton, NJ, and Oxford, UK: Princeton University Press, 2000.
20. Egerton, John. Speak Now Against the Day: The Generation Before the Civil Rights Movement in the South. New York: Knopf, 1994.
21. Estes, Steve. I Am a Man! Race, Manhood, and the Civil Rights Movement. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2005.
22. Euchner, Charles. Nobody Turn Me Around: A People’s History of the 1963 March on Washington. Boston: Beacon Press, 2010.
23. Evers-Williams, Myrlie, and Manning Marable. The Autobiography of Medgar Evers: A Hero’s Life and Legacy Revealed Through His Writings, Letters, and Speeches. New York: Basic Books, 2005.
24. Evers-Williams, Myrlie, with William Peters. For Us, the Living. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1967.
25. Farmer, James. Lay Bare the Heart: An Autobiography of the Civil Rights Movement. Gettysburg, PA: Arbor House, 1985.
26. Forman, James. The Making of Black Revolutionaries. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1985.
27. Freedom North: Black Freedom Struggles Outside the South, 1940–1980. Jeanne Theoharis and Komozi Woodard, eds. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.
28. Gardner, Michael R. Harry Truman and Civil Rights: Moral Courage and Political Risks. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2002.
29. Garrow, David J. Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. New York: Open Road, 1986.
30. Gergel, Richard. Unexampled Courage: The Blinding of Sgt. Isaac Woodard and the Awakening of President Harry S. Truman and Judge J. Waties Waring. New York: Sarah Crichton Books/Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2019.
31. Gerstle, Gary. American Crucible: Race and Nation in the Twentieth Century. Princeton, NJ, and Oxford, UK: Princeton University Press, 2001.
32. Gilmore, Glenda Elizabeth. Defying Dixie: The Radical Roots of Civil Rights, 1919–1950. New York: W. W. Norton, 2008.
33. Goluboff, Risa L. The Lost Promise of Civil Rights. Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard University Press, 2007.
34. Hamlin, Françoise N. Crossroads at Clarksdale: The Black Freedom Struggle in the Mississippi Delta after World War II. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2012.
35. Henry, Aaron, and Constance Curry. Aaron Henry: The Fire Ever Burning. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2000.
36. Hill, Lance. The Deacons for Defense: Armed Resistance and the Civil Rights Movement. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
37. Höhn, Maria, and Martin Klimke. A Breath of Freedom: The Civil Rights Struggle, African American GIs, and Germany. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010.
38. The Invisible Soldier: The Experience of the Black Soldier, World War II. Mary Penick Motley, ed. Detroit, MI: Wayne State University Press, 1975.
39. James, Rawn, Jr. The Double V: How Wars, Protest, and Harry Truman Desegregated America’s Military. New York: Bloomsbury Press, 2013.
40. Joseph, Peniel E. Stokely: A Life. New York: Civitas Books, 2014.
41. ———. Waiting ’Til the Midnight Hour: A Narrative History of Black Power in America. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2006.
42. Kluger, Richard. Simple Justice: The History of Brown v. Board of Education and Black America’s Struggle for Equality. London: André Deutsch Limited, 1975.
43. Knauer, Christine. Let Us Fight as Free Men: Black Soldiers and Civil Rights. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 2014.
44. Kruse, Kevin M., and Stephen Tuck. Fog of War: The Second World War and the Civil Rights Movement. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2012.
45. Lewis, David Levering. W. E. B. DuBois: The Fight for Equality and the American Century, 1919–1963. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2000.
46. MacGregor, Morris J., Jr. Integration of the Armed Forces, 1940–1965. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, United States Army.
47. Marable, Manning. Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention. New York: Viking, 2011.
48. ———. Race, Reform and Rebellion: The Second Reconstruction and Beyond in Black America, 1945–2006, 3rd edition. Jackson: University of Mississippi Press, 2007.
49. McWhirter, Cameron. Red Summer: The Summer of 1919 and the Awakening of Black America. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 2011.
50. Morehouse, Maggie M. Fighting in the Jim Crow Army: Black Men and Women Remember World War II. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2000.
51. Morris, Aldon D. The Origins of the Civil Rights Movement: Black Communities Organizing for Change. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984.
52. Morris, Willie. The Ghosts of Medgar Evers: A Tale of Race, Murder, Mississippi, and Hollywood. New York: Random House, 1998.
53. Negro Anthology, 1931–1933. Nancy Cunard, ed. London: Wishart & Co., 1934.
54. Nossiter, Adam. Of Long Memory: Mississippi and the Murder of Medgar Evers. New York: Da Capo Press, 2009.
55. Parker, Christopher S. Fighting for Democracy: Black Veterans and the Struggle Against White Supremacy in the Postwar South. Princeton, NJ, and Oxford, UK: Princeton University Press, 2009.
56. Payne, Charles M. I’ve Got the Light of Freedom: The Organizing Tradition and the Mississippi Freedom Struggle. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2007.
57. Phillips, Kimberley L. War! What Is It Good For? Black Freedom Struggles and the U.S. Military from World War II to Iraq. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2012.
58. Raines, Howell. My Soul Is Rested: Movement Days in the Deep South Remembered. New York: Penguin Books, 1977.
59. Ransby, Barbara. Ella Baker and the Black Freedom Movement: A Radical Democratic Vision. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
60. Records of Military Agencies Relating to African Americans from the Post–World War I Period to the Korean War. Compiled by Lisha B. Penn. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 2006.
61. Shapiro, Herbert. White Violence and Black Response: From Reconstruction to Montgomery. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1988.
62. Singh, Nikhil Pal. Black Is a Country: Race and the Unfinished Struggle for Democracy. Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard University Press, 2004.
63. Strain, Christopher B. Pure Fire: Self-Defense as Activism in the Civil Rights Era. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2005.
64. Theoharis, Jeanne. A More Beautiful and Terrible History: The Uses and Misuses of Civil Rights History. Boston: Beacon Press, 2018.
65. ———. The Rebellious Life of Mrs. Rosa Parks. Boston: Beacon Press, 2013.
66. Time on Two Crosses: The Collected Writings of Bayard Rustin. Devon W. Carbado and Donald Weise, eds. New York: Cleis Press, 2014.
67. Ture, Kwame, and Charles V. Hamilton. Black Power: The Politics of Liberation. New York: Vintage, 1992.
68. Tyson, Timothy B. The Blood of Emmett Till. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2017.
69. ———. Radio Free Dixie: Robert F. Williams and the Roots of Black Power. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
70. Umoja, Akinyele Omowale. We Will Shoot Back: Armed Resistance in the Mississippi Freedom Movement. New York and London: New York University Press, 2013.
71. Van Deburg, William L. New Day in Babylon: The Black Power Movement and American Culture, 1965–1975. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1992.
72. Wendt, Simon. The Spirit and the Shotgun: Armed Resistance and the Struggle for Civil Rights. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2007.
73. White, Walter. A Rising Wind. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Doran and Company, 1945.
74. Williams, Michael Vinson. Medgar Evers: Mississippi Martyr. Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 2011.
75. Williams, Robert F. Negroes with Guns. Mansfield Center, CT: Martino Publishing, 2013.
76. Wynn, Neil A. The Afro-American and the Second World War, revised edition. New York: Holmes & Meier, 1993.
77. X, Malcolm. The Autobiography of Malcolm X. New York: Random House, 1965.

Papers and Articles

1. “African Americans and World War II,” Andrew E. Kersten. OAH Magazine of History, vol. 16, no. 3 (Spring 2002), pp. 13–15.
2. “Beyond Jim Crow Liberalism: Judge Waring’s Fight Against Segregation in South Carolina, 1942–52,” David W. Southern. Journal of Negro History, vol. 66, no. 3 (Fall 1981), pp. 202–227.
3. “The Blinding of Isaac Woodard,” Andrew Myers. In Proceedings of the South Carolina Historical Association, 2004, pp. 63–73.
4. “The Columbians, Inc.: A Chapter of Racial Hatred from the Post–World War II South,” Steven Weisenburger. Journal of Southern History, vol. 69, no. 4 (November 2003), pp. 821–860.
5. “Coming Home from Battle to Face a War: The Lynching of Black Soldiers in the World War I Era,” Vincent Mikkelsen. PhD dissertation, Florida State University (2007), https://fsu.digital.flvc.org/islandora/object/fsu:180643/datastream/PDF/view.
6. “Ex-GI Buddies Backing Isaac Woodard in Damage Suit.” Chicago Defender, Nov. 22, 1947, p. 3.
7. “The ‘Forgotten Years’ of the Negro Revolution,” Richard M. Dalfiume. Journal of American History, vol. 55, no. 1 (June 1968), pp. 90–106.
8. “The Harlem and Detroit Riots of 1943: A Comparative Analysis,” L. Alex Swan. Berkeley Journal of Sociology, vol. 16 (1971–1972), pp. 75–93.
9. “Harry Truman and the NAACP: A Case Study in Presidential Persuasion on Civil Rights,” Garth E. Pauley. Rhetoric and Public Affairs, vol. 2, no. 2 (Summer 1999), pp. 211–241.
10. “J. Edgar Hoover and the ‘Red Summer’ of 1919,” Mark Ellis. Journal of American Studies, vol. 28, no. 1 (April 1994), pp. 39–59.
11. “ ‘Let Economic Equality Take Care of Itself’: The NAACP, Labor Litigation, and the Making of Civil Rights in the 1940s,” Risa Lauren Goluboff. UCLA Law Review 52 (2005), pp. 1393–1486.
12. “The Long Civil Rights Movement and the Political Uses of the Past,” Jacquelyn Dowd Hall. Journal of American History, vol. 91, no. 4 (March 2005), pp. 1233–1263.
13. “The Lost Decade of Civil Rights,” David L. Chappell. Historically Speaking, vol. 10, no. 2 (April 2009), pp. 37–41.
14. “Race, Rape, and Radicalism: The Case of the Martinsville Seven, 1949–1951,” Eric W. Rise. The Journal of Southern History, vol. 58, no. 3 (August 1992), pp. 461–490.
15. “Racial Militancy and Interracial Violence in the Second World War,” Harvard Sitkoff. Journal of American History, vol. 58, no. 3 (December 1971), pp. 661–681.
16. “Reconsidering the ‘Long Civil Rights Movement,’ ” Eric Arnesen. Historically Speaking vol. 10, no. 2 (April 2009), pp. 31–34.
17. “Resonant Ripples in a Global Pond: The Blinding of Isaac Woodard,” Andrew Myers. Paper prepared for the 2002 American Studies Association Conference, https://faculty.uscupstate.edu/amyers/conference.html.
18. “Restoring Justice to Civil Rights Movement Activists?: New Historiography and the ‘Long Civil Rights Era,’ ” Athena Mutua. Buffalo Legal Studies Research Paper Series No. 2008–12 (2008), https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/working_papers/8.
19. “Robert F. Williams and the Indigenous Civil Rights Movement in Monroe, North Carolina, 1961,” Marcellus C. Barksdale. Journal of Negro History, vol. 69, no. 2 (Spring 1984), pp. 73–89.
20. “Robert F. Williams, ‘Black Power,’ and the Roots of the African American Freedom Struggle,” Timothy B. Tyson. Journal of American History, vol. 85, no. 2 (September 1998), pp. 540–570.
21. “ ‘The Saddest Story of the Whole Movement’: The Clyde Kennard Case and the Search for Racial Reconciliation in Mississippi, 1955–2007,” Timothy J. Minchin and John A. Salmond. Journal of Mississippi History, vol. 71 (Fall 2009), pp. 191–234.
22. “ ‘The Slowest State’ and ‘Most Backward Community’: Racial Violence in South Carolina and Federal Civil-Rights Legislation, 1946–1948,” Karl Frederickson. South Carolina Historical Magazine, vol. 98, no. 2 (April 1997), pp. 177–202.
23. “Targeting Black Veterans: Lynching in America,” Equal Justice Initiative, Montgomery, Alabama, 2017, https://eji.org/reports/targeting-black-veterans/.
24. “White Supremacy and the Disfranchisement of Blacks in Georgia, 1946,” Joseph L. Bernd. Georgia Historical Quarterly, vol. 66, no. 4 (Winter 1982), pp. 492–513.

ECOLOGY

Archives

1. Papers of Frank Fremont-Smith, Center for the History of Medicine, Countway Library, Harvard Medical School.
2. Papers of Norbert Wiener, MIT Libraries, Department of Distinctive Collections. NW/MIT
3. Papers of Rachel Carson, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University, New Haven, CT. RC/BL

Books

1. Advisory Committee on Human Radiation Experiments, Final Report. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1995. (ACHRE).
2. Always, Rachel: The Letters of Rachel Carson and Dorothy Freeman 1952–1964. Martha Freeman, ed. Boston: Beacon Press, 1995.
3. Bateson, Gregory. Mind and Nature: A Necessary Unity. New York: Dutton, 1979.
4. ———. Steps to an Ecology of Mind. New York: Ballantine Books, 1972.
5. Bousquet, Antoine. The Scientific Way of Warfare: Order and Chaos on the Battlefields of Modernity. New York: Columbia University Press, 2009.
6. Brooks, Paul. The House of Life: Rachel Carson at Work. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972.
7. ———. Two Park Street: A Publishing Memoir. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1986.
8. Carson, Rachel. The Edge of the Sea. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1950, 1979, 2011.
9. ———. Lost Woods: The Discovered Writing of Rachel Carson. Linda Lear, ed. Boston: Beacon Press, 1998.
10. ———. The Sea Around Us. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1955, 1983.
11. ———. Silent Spring. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2002. (Originally published in 1962.)
12. ———. Under the Sea-Wind. New York: Penguin Classics, 2007. (Originally published in 1941.)
13. Chaney, Anthony. Runaway: Gregory Bateson, the Double Bind, and the Rise of Ecological Consciousness. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2017.
14. Comstock, Anna Botsford. Handbook of Nature Study, 2nd edition. Ithaca, NY: Comstock Publishing Company/Cornell University Press, 1939.
15. Conway, Flo, and Jim Siegelman. Dark Hero of the Information Age: In Search of Norbert Wiener, the Father of Cybernetics. New York: Basic Books, 2005.
16. Cybernetics: The Macy Conferences 1946–1953: The Complete Transactions. Claus Pias, ed. Zurich: Diaphanes, 2016.
17. Divine, Robert A. Blowing on the Wind: The Nuclear Test Ban Debate 1954–1960. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 1978.
18. Dupuy, Jean-Pierre. On the Origins of Cognitive Science: The Mechanization of Mind. M. B. DeBevoise, trans. Cambridge, MA, and London: MIT Press, 2009.
19. The Effects of Atomic Radiation on Oceanography and Fisheries, Publication 551. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, 1957.
20. Environmental Histories of the Cold War. J. R. McNeill and Corinna R. Unger, eds. German Historical Institute, Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
21. Foer, Franklin. World Without Mind: The Existential Threat of Big Tech. New York: Penguin Press, 2017.
22. Gibson, James William. The Perfect War: Technowar in Vietnam. New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1986.
23. Gleick, James. The Information: A History, a Theory, a Flood. New York: Pantheon Books, 2011.
24. Gottlieb, Robert. Forcing the Spring: The Transformation of the American Environmental Movement. Washington, D.C., and London: Island Press, 2005.
25. Graham, Frank, Jr. Since Silent Spring. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1970.
26. Hagen, Joel B. An Entangled Bank: The Origins of Ecosystem Ecology. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. 1992.
27. Hamblin, Jacob Darwin. Arming Mother Nature: The Birth of Catastrophic Environmentalism. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2013.
28. Haraway, Donna. Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature. New York: Routledge, 1991.
29. Hayles, N. Katherine. How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1999.
30. Heims, Steve J. The Cybernetics Group. Cambridge, MA, and London: MIT Press, 1991.
31. ———. John von Neumann and Norbert Wiener: From Mathematics to the Technologies of Life and Death. Cambridge, MA, and London: MIT Press, 1980.
32. Hines, Neal O. Proving Ground: An Account of Radiobiological Studies in the Pacific, 1946–1961. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1962.
33. Johnston, Barbara Rose, and Holly M. Barker. Consequential Damages of Nuclear War: The Rongelap Report. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2008.
34. Kelly, Kevin. Out of Control: The New Biology of Machines, Social Systems, and the Economic World. New York: Basic Books, 1994.
35. Kinkela, David. DDT and the American Century: Global Health, Environmental Politics, and the Pesticide That Changed the World. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2011.
36. Klein, Naomi. On Fire: The (Burning) Case for a Green New Deal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2019.
37. Kline, Ronald R. The Cybernetics Moment: Or Why We Call Our Age the Information Age. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2015.
38. Kolbert, Elizabeth. The Sixth Extinction: An Unnatural History. New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2014.
39. Lapp, Ralph E. The Voyage of the Lucky Dragon. New York: Penguin Books, 1958.
40. Lear, Linda. Rachel Carson: Witness for Nature. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2009.
41. Lytle, Mark Hamilton. The Gentle Subversive: Rachel Carson, Silent Spring, and the Rise of the Environmental Movement. New York and Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2007.
42. Marsden, George M. The Twilight of the American Enlightenment: The 1950s and the Crisis of Liberal Belief. New York: Basic Books, 2014.
43. Martino-Taylor, Lisa. Behind the Fog: How the U.S. Cold War Radiological Weapons Program Exposed Innocent Americans. New York: Routledge, 2018.
44. ———. The End of Nature, New York: Random House, 2006.
45. McKibben, Bill. Falter: Has the Human Game Begun to Play Itself Out? New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2019.
46. McNeill, J. R. Something New Under the Sun: An Environmental History of the Twentieth-Century World. New York: W. W. Norton, 2000.
47. McNeill, J. R., and Peter Engelke. The Great Acceleration: An Environmental History of the Anthropocene Since 1945. Cambridge, MA, and London: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2014.
48. Montagnini, Leone. Harmonies of Disorder: Norbert Wiener: A Mathematician-Philosopher of Our Time. New York: Springer International Publishing, 2017.
49. Moore, Kelly. Disrupting Science: Social Movements, American Scientists, and the Politics of the Military, 1945–1975. Princeton, NJ, and Oxford, UK: Princeton University Press, 2008.
50. Oreskes, Naomi, and Erik M. Conway. Merchants of Doubt: How a Handful of Scientists Obscured the Truth on Issues from Tobacco Smoke to Global Warming. New York: Bloomsbury, 2010.
51. Possible Minds: 25 Ways of Looking at AI. John Brockman, ed. New York: Penguin Press, 2019.
52. Purdy, Jedediah. After Nature: A Politics for the Anthropocene. Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard University Press, 2015.
53. ———. This Land Is Our Land: The Struggle for a New Commonwealth. Oxford, UK, and Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019.
54. Rachel Carson: Legacy and Challenge. Lisa H. Sideris and Kathleen Dean Moore, eds. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2008.
55. Rich, Nathaniel. Losing Earth: A Recent History. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2019.
56. Rid, Thomas. Rise of the Machines: A Cybernetic History. New York: W. W. Norton, 2016.
57. Rorty, Richard. Achieving Our Country: Leftist Thought in Twentieth-Century America. Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard University Press, 1999.
58. Russell, Edmund. War and Nature: Fighting Humans and Insects with Chemicals from World War I to Silent Spring. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
59. Shurcliff, W. A. Bombs at Bikini: The Official Report of Operation Crossroads. New York: Wm. H. Wise & Co. Inc., 1947.
60. Souder, William. On a Farther Shore: The Life and Legacy of Rachel Carson. New York: Crown Publishers, 2012.
61. Speth, James Gustave. The Bridge at the End of the World: Capitalism, the Environment, and Crossing from Crisis to Sustainability. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2008.
62. Subversive Science: Essays Toward an Ecology of Man. Paul Shepard and Daniel McKinley, eds. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1969.
63. Turner, Fred. From Counterculture to Cyberculture: Stewart Brand, the Whole Earth Network, and the Rise of Digital Utopianism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006.
64. Uncommon Ground: Rethinking the Human Place in Nature. William Cronon, ed. New York: W. W. Norton, 1996.
65. Wallace-Wells, David. The Uninhabitable Earth: Life After Warming. New York: Tim Duggan Books, 2019.
66. Weisgall, Jonathan M. Operation Crossroads: The Atomic Tests at Bikini Atoll. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1994.
67. Wiener, Norbert. Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, 2nd edition. Cambridge, MA, and London: MIT Press, 1961.
68. ———. Ex-Prodigy: My Childhood and Youth. Cambridge, MA, and London: MIT Press, 1964. (First published in 1953 by Simon & Schuster.)
69. ———. God & Golem, Inc.: A Comment on Certain Points Where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion. Cambridge, MA, and London: MIT Press, 1964.
70. ———. The Human Use of Human Beings: Cybernetics and Society. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1954.
71. ———. I Am a Mathematician: The Later Life of a Prodigy. Cambridge, MA, and London: MIT Press, 1964. (Originally published by Simon & Schuster in 1956.)
72. ———. Invention: The Care and Feeding of Ideas. Cambridge, MA, and London: The MIT Press, 1993. (Published posthumously.)
73. Winner, L. Autonomous Technology: Technics-out-of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought. Cambridge, MA, and London: MIT Press, 1977.
74. The World the Sixties Made: Politics and Culture in Recent America. Van Gosse and Richard Moser, eds. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 2003.
75. Worster, Donald. Nature’s Economy: A History of Ecological Ideas, 2nd edition. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

Papers and Articles by Rachel Carson and Norbert Wiener

1. Carson, Rachel. “The Little Brown House.” Manuscript. RC/BL
2. ———. “My Favorite Recreation.” St. Nicholas: A Monthly Magazine for Boys and Girls, July 1922. RC/BL
3. ———. “Of Man and the Stream of Time.” Pamphlet, Scripps College, Claremont, California, 1962. Also collected in Lost Woods: The Discovered Writing of Rachel Carson. Linda Lear, ed. Boston: Beacon Press, 1998.
4. ———. “The Real World Around Us.” Speech to Theta Sigma Phi, 1954. Collected in Lost Woods.
5. ———. “Undersea.” Atlantic Monthly, vol. 78 (September 1937), pp. 55–67.
6. Wiener, Norbert. “My Connection with Cybernetics. Its Origin and Its Future.” Cybernetica (1958), pp. 1–14.
7. ———. “Prolegomena to Theology.” The Terry Lectures at Yale University, typescript, 1962. NW/MIT
8. ———. “A Rebellious Scientist After Two Years.” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, vol. 4, no. 11 (1948), pp. 338–339.
9. ———. “A Scientist’s Dilemma in a Materialistic World.” Typescript, 1957. NW/MIT
10. ———. “A Scientist Rebels.” Atlantic Monthly, vol. 179 (1947), pp. 46.
11. ———. “Some Moral and Technical Consequences of Automation.” Science, vol. 131, no. 3410 (May 6, 1960), pp. 1355–1358.
12. ———. “The Theory of Ignorance: Graduating Essay.” Typescript, 1906. NW/MIT
13. ———. “Time, Communication and the Nervous System.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 50, no. 4 (October 1948), pp. 197–220.
14. Wiener, Norbert, and Arturo Rosenblueth. “The Role of Models in Science.” Philosophy of Science, vol. 12, no. 4 (October 1945), pp. 316–321.
15. Wiener, Norbert, Arturo Rosenblueth, and Julian Bigelow. “Behavior, Purpose, and Teleology.” Philosophy of Science, vol. 10, no. 1 (January 1943), pp. 18–24.
16. ———. “Teleological Mechanisms.” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 50, no. 4 (1948), pp. 187–278.

Papers and Articles by Others

1. “The Biology of the Bikini Atoll, with Special Reference to the Fishes,” Leonard P. Schultz. Annual Report of the Smithsonian Institution for 1947.
2. “Bombshell in Beltsville: The USDA and the Challenge of Silent Spring,” Linda J. Lear. Agricultural History, vol. 66, no. 2 (Spring 1992), pp. 151–170.
3. “Chemical Fallout: Rachel Carson’s Silent Spring, Radioactive Fallout, and the Environmental Movement,” Ralph H. Lutts. Environmental Review, vol. 9, no. 3 (Autumn 1985), pp. 210–225.
4. “Cyberneticizing the American War Machine: Science and Computers in the Cold War,” Antoine Bousquet. Cold War History, vol. 8, no. 1 (February 2008), pp. 77–102.
5. “The Cybernetics of Competition: A Biologist’s View of Society,” Garrett Hardin. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, vol. 7, no. 1 (Autumn 1963): 58–64. Reprinted in Subversive Science: Essays Toward an Ecology of Man. Paul Shepard and Daniel McKinley, eds. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1969, pp. 275–296.
6. “Cybernetics of Cybernetics,” Margaret Mead. In Purposive Systems: Proceedings of the First Annual Symposium of the American Society for Cybernetics. Heinz von Foerster et al., eds. New York and Washington, D.C.: Spartan Books, 1968, pp. 1–14.
7. “DDT and Its Effect on Fish and Wildlife,” Clarence Cottam and Elmer Higgins. U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Circular 11. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office (1946).
8. “DDT: An Issue of Property Rights,” Roger E. Meiners and Andrew P. Morriss. PERC Reports, vol. 19, no. 3 (Fall 2001).
9. “Environmental Awareness in the Atomic Age: Radioecologists and Nuclear Technology,” Rachel Rothschild. Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 492–530.
10. “Existential Risks: Analyzing Human Extinction Scenarios and Related Hazards,” Nick Bostrom. Journal of Evolution and Technology, vol. 9, no. 1 (2002).
11. “Gregory Bateson and the Mathematicians: From Interdisciplinary Interaction to Societal Functions,” Steve J. Heims. Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, vol. 13, no. 2 (1977), pp. 141–159.
12. “How to Be Universal: Some Cybernetic Strategies, 1943–1970,” Geof Bowker. Social Studies of Science, vol. 23, no. 1 (February 1993), pp. 107–127.
13. “Human Ecology: The Subversive, Conservative Science,” Garrett Hardin. American Zoologist, vol. 25, no. 2 (1985), pp. 469–476.
14. “Information Ecology—A Viewpoint,” Alexei L. Eryomin. International Journal of Environmental Studies, vol. 54 (1998), pp. 241–253.
15. “The Legacy of Norbert Wiener: A Centennial Symposium,” David Jerison et al. Proceedings of Symposia in Pure Mathematics, vol. 60 (1997).
16. “ ‘Like a Keen North Wind’: How Charles Elton Influenced Silent Spring,” Frederick R. Davis. Endeavour, vol. 36, no. 4 (December 2012), pp. 143–148.
17. “Living in the Anthropocene: Toward a New Global Ethos,” Paul J. Crutzen and Christian Schwägerl. Yale Environment 360, January 24, 2011.
18. “Man and Machine in the 1960s,” Sungook Hong. Techné, vol. 7, no. 3 (Spring 2004), pp. 50–78.
19. “Norbert Wiener and the Counter-Tradition to the Dream of Mastery,” D. Hill. IEEE Technology and Society Magazine, vol. 34, no. 3 (September 2015), pp. 60–72, doi: 10.1109/MTS.2015.2461171.
20. “Norbert Wiener on Technology and Society,” Greg Adamson. 2014 IEEE Conference on Norbert Wiener in the 21st Century (21CW), 2014, pp. 1–7, doi: 10.1109/NORBERT.2014.6893930.
21. “Norbert Wiener’s Place in the History of Science and Philosophy,” P. R. Masani. Current Science, vol. 67, no. 12 (December 1994), pp. 920–930.
22. “The Ontology of the Enemy: Norbert Wiener and the Cybernetic Vision,” Peter Galison. Critical Inquiry, vol. 21, no. 1 (Autumn 1994), pp. 228–266.
23. “ ‘Our First Line of Defense’: Two University Laboratories in the Postwar American State,” Michael Aaron Dennis. Isis, vol. 85, no. 3 (September 1994), pp. 427–455.
24. “The Rachel Carson Letters and the Making of Silent Spring,” John Paull. SAGE Open, vol. 3 (July–September 2013), doi: 10.1177/2158244013494861.
25. “Reshaping Technology in Wartime: The Effect of Military Goals on Entomological Research and Insect-Control Practices,” John H. Perkins. Technology and Culture, vol. 19, no. 2 (April 1978), pp. 169–186.
26. “A Rogue Bureaucracy: The USDA Fire Ant Campaign of the Late 1950s,” Pete Daniel. Agricultural History, vol. 64, no. 2 (Spring 1990), pp. 99–114.
27. “ ‘The Science-Spirit in a Democracy’: Liberty Hyde Bailey, Nature Study, and the Democratic Impulse of Progressive Conservation,” Kevin C. Armitage. In Natural Protest: Essays on the History of American Environmentalism, Michael Egan and Jeff Crane, eds. New York: Routledge, 2009, pp. 89–116.
28. “ ‘Silence, Miss Carson!’ Silence, Gender, and the Reception of Silent Spring,” Michael B. Smith. Feminist Studies, vol. 27, no. 3 (Autumn 2001), pp. 733–752.
29. “Sixty Years of Cybernetics: From Youthful to Useful,” George J. Klir. Kybernetika, vol. 44, no. 3 (2008), pp. 307–313.
30. “Wiener on the Logics of Russell and Schröder: An Account of His Doctoral Thesis, and of His Discussion of It with Russell.” I. Grattan-Guinness. Annals of Science, vol. 32, no. 2 (1975), pp. 103–132.
31. “ ‘Woman vs. Man vs. Bugs’: Gender and Popular Ecology in Early Reactions to Silent Spring,” Maril Hazlett. Environmental History, vol. 9, no. 4 (October 2004), pp. 701–729.

EPILOGUE

Books

1. Always, Rachel: The Letters of Rachel Carson and Dorothy Freeman 1952–1964. Martha Freeman, ed. Boston: Beacon Press, 1995.
2. Evers-Williams, Myrlie, with William Peters. For Us, the Living. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1967.
3. Murray, Pauli. Song in a Weary Throat: Memoir of an American Pilgrimage. New York: Harper & Row, 1987.

Papers and Articles

1. “Kameny’s Storybook Ending,” Charles Francis. Washington Blade, October 20, 2011.
2. “Poetry, Ethics, and the Legacy of Pauli Murray,” Christiana Z. Peppard. Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics, vol. 30, no. 1 (Spring/Summer 2010), pp. 21–43.
3. “Smoky Ol’ Town: The Significance of Pittsburgh in U.S. Air Pollution History,” James Longhurst. EM magazine, June 2007, pp. 13–16.