Index

Please note that the article Al- at the start of names is ignored in alphabetic sorting (e.g., Al-Qaeda is under Q)

Abdel, Faisel Abu 99101

Abdirizak, Hersi 221, 222

Abdullah bin Essa, Sultan 18991, 19295, 19798

AbouAkleh, Fadi 27273, 27678

Abshir (guide in Yemen)

Al Ghaydah and the Sultan 18791, 19294

goodbye 203

journey towards Al Ghaydah 18187

meeting 17879

Oman-Yemen border 18081

plan to cross Gulf of Aden 199202

Qishn 191192

return to Oman 195197

Abu Haider (Razzaq Jabbar Sabbon) 8893

Acre (Israel) 289

Adam (Oman) 140142

Ahmad (Pakistani driver in UAE) 120122

Akko (Israel) 289

Aladdin (in Oman) 2013, 2034

Alexander the Great 79, 82, 104, 337

Ali, Amar Jabar

11th Brigade safe house 4950

appearance 48

Babylon 7982

background 55

Baghdad 76

detour to Al-Dawr 7476

difficult nature 48, 50, 53, 5455, 58, 67, 74, 83, 93

Eridu 8385

fee dispute 9495

Hawija offensive 5562

in the marshes 8693

meeting and drive to safe house 4849

Mosul 5053

night before Hawija offensive 54

Sharqat-to-Tikrit 7072

Shirqat offensive 6670

Tikrit checkpoint 7274

Ali (Lebanese spy) 326327, 328

AlMuarei, imam Khalid 240243

Amman (Jordan) 19, 263264

Aqaba (Jordan) 249251

Arab proverbs 66

Arab Spring 1, 184

Arabian Peninsula, defining 3

Arabian Sands (Thesiger) xi, 35, 143

Arabic language 100101

Arafat, Yasser 275

Al-Asadi, Jassim 8693

Asir Mountains (Saudia Arabia) 227231

Al-Assad, Bashar 7, 298, 299, 308, 316, 320

Al-Assad, Khaled 3013

Al-Assad, Tarik 3013

Baalbek (Lebanon) 325

Babylon (Hilla) (Iraq) 7982

Baghdad (Iraq) 16, 1922, 7678

Al-Baghdadi, Abu Bakr 27

Bahrain 103110

Basra (Iraq) 9394

Bassam (in Al-Malikiyah) 911

Bedouin

deserts 141, 152153, 254

frankincense 160

hospitality 257, 259261

modernity 254

proverbs 14, 48

shared heritage 4

Thesiger’s respect for 154

Bekaa Valley (Lebanon) 320321

Bell, Gertrude 35

Bethlehem (Palestine) 17, 267268, 269274

Bible, the 313

bin Ghabaisha, Salim 154

bin Laden, Osama 241

Bird, Isabella 35

Bosaso (Somalia) 202, 210, 212216

Brandon (Jewish settler in Hebron) 281282

Burton, Richard Francis 6, 35, 209, 217220, 244, 337

Bush, George W. 15, 77

Buxton, Simon 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 210211, 271

Byblos (Lebanon) 335, 336338

camels

Arabic words for 100101

in Dhofar 162, 163164, 165, 166, 167, 171172

in Iraq 86

in Jordan 252253, 255, 257

in Oman 139, 141142, 143144, 146147, 148149, 155157, 159

Camp Spiecher (Iraq) 71

Cedars of God (Lebanon) 332333

Chibayish (Iraq) 8788

China 185

Christmas 2225, 268274

Colonel H 193195

Coutselos, Alex 1722, 39, 259

cuneiform 84, 85, 103

Cyrus of Persia 82

Daesh see ISIS (Daesh)

de la Mare, Walter 160

Dead Sea 17, 259, 262, 263

deserts

author’s fascination with 22, 8586, 110, 158159

Bedouin philosophy of 152153

the Empty Quarter see Empty Quarter (Oman)

impact on tribal affiliations 45

Judean Desert 266269

omnipresence of 329

timelessness 147148

Wadi Rum 252257

Dhofar

camels 163164

entering the mountains 164165

flash flood 170171

frankincense 160161, 164, 167, 168, 172, 173174

Hadi see Al-Hikmani, Hadi

militia 164

modernity 167168, 173

the mountains 165174

Somali smugglers 164, 167, 168

team of guides 162163

uprising 164

Dilmun civilisation 1034

Djibouti 198, 199, 215, 222223

Doughty, Charles M. 35

Druze people 292, 298

Dubai (UAE) 122125

Egypt 17, 275

Empty Quarter (Oman)

the camels 143144, 146147, 148, 155156, 156157, 159

crossing with Mahrouqi 143147, 148152, 155159

disillusions 158

dunes 145

Mahrouqi’s plans 133135

naming of 141

oil, impact of 151

purity 147148

Snugly the dog 144, 147, 150, 155

Thesiger’s journeys 151155

timelessness 147148

Epic of Gilgamesh, The 79

Erbil (Kurdish Iraq) 38, 39, 4245

Eridu (Iraq) 8385

Euphrates River 79, 8485, 86, 89, 93

Fallon, Michael 43

Al-Faqeer, Mishael

background 252

brother’s house, dinner at 259261

Dead Sea 263

desert, love of the 254, 255

goodbye 264

journey to Wadi Rum town 252257

journey towards Dead Sea 262263

Lawrence, views on 255

meeting and hiring 250251

Petra 258259

Ferozeh (Mishael’s sister-in-law) 259261

Firman (driver in Kurdistan) 3940, 45, 47

First Footsteps in East Africa (Burton) 219220

First World War 36, 245246

frankincense

distribution of Boswellia tree 161

gift to Jesus 23, 24, 160

holiness, symbol of 161

Somali theft of 164, 167, 168, 172

value 160161

Freedman, Claire 123124

Freedman, Griff 123125

Gaza (Palestine) 263, 274, 275

Geissler, Martin 21

Gibran, Kahlil 326

Golan Heights 292, 294295

Gulf of Aden

boarding the boat 2035

crossing 203212

piracy 34

plan to cross 199203

transfer to Somali boat 212214

Haddiyah station (Saudi Arabia) 245246

Hadi, Abdrabbuh Mansour 184185

Haifa (Israel) 289

Al Hajar Mountains 137138

HALO Trust 220

Hamas 275

Hamed, ‘Mahrouqi’ Ahmed Haroub

camels, mistreatment of 142, 155156, 156157

crossing the Empty Quarter 143147, 148152, 155159

desert, love of the 151

England, life in 151

goodbye 159

in Al Hajar Mountains 137138

home 140142

meeting and plans 133135

in Nizwa 138140

Thesiger, meeting 150

Harar (Ethiopia) 217, 219

Al Hareysi, Colonel Ali Salim 193195

Hargeisa (Somalia) 220221

Hashd (Popular Mobilisation Forces) (Iraq) 43, 50, 55, 5665, 70, 71, 102

Hawija (Iraq) 43, 46, 53, 5562

Hayat (woman in Homs) 307311

Hebron (Palestine) 279282

Herne, G.E. 219220

Herodotus 35, 304

Hezbollah 34, 175, 275, 292, 3056, 321, 323324

Al-Hikmani, Ali Saïd 162163, 169, 171172, 173, 174

Al-Hikmani, Hadi

background 161, 163

at father’s house 174

flash flood 170171

goodbye 174

meeting 162163

mobile phone 173

mountain knowledge 161

in the mountains 164174

the uprising 164, 173

Al-Hikmani, Musalam 173, 174

Al-Hikmani, Saïd Salim 162163, 165, 171172, 173, 174

Al-Hikmani, Saïd Suhail 162163, 165, 167168, 171, 172, 173, 174

Al-Hikmani, Salim Suhail 162163, 165166

Hilla (Iraq) 7982

Homer 195

homesickness 2078

Homs (Syria) 307312

hospitality 5, 91, 131132, 153, 229, 239243, 257, 259261, 310312, 321, 331332

Houthi rebel group 175, 184185

Hussain, Mr (Gujarati boat captain) 205, 206, 207, 210, 211, 212213

Hussain, Omer ‘Chomani’ 3947, 102

Hussein, Saddam 16, 22, 7476, 77, 8081, 86, 87

Hussein, Suleiman 96, 9899

Ibn Battutah 35, 111, 138, 248

Ibn Majid, Ahmad 141

immigrant workers 81, 120122

Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade 258

Iran 15, 4142, 56, 98, 185, 229230, 242, 294, 306, 323

Iraq

11th Brigade safe house 4950

2003 terrorist attack on UN headquarters 19

2003 visit 1922, 39

Abu Tahsin 6365

Amar (Hashd PMF) see Ali, Amar Jabar

Al-Asadi, Jassim 8693

Babylon (Hilla) 7982

Baghdad 7678

Basra 93

border with Kuwait 9495

border with Syria 3740

Camp Spiecher 71

Chibayish 8788

Eridu 8385

Hashd 43, 50, 55, 5665, 70, 71, 102

Hawija offensive 5562

Hussein, Saddam 16, 22, 7476, 77, 8081, 86, 87

invasions of 8283

ISIS see ISIS (Daesh), in Iraq

Kirkuk, battle of 102

Mahdi Army 7274

Marsh Arabs (Ma‘dān) 8693

the marshes 8693

Mosul 5053

night before Hawija offensive 54

normalisation of violence 77

Al-Qayyarah 4849

Al-Qurnah 93

Al-Salhi, Abu Tahsin 6365

Second Iraq War 1516

Sharqat-to-Tikrit 7072

Shi’a militias 41

Shi’a vs. Sunni 6870, 7172, 8283, 102

Shirqat offensive 6670

Sunni troops 6869

Tikrit checkpoint 7274

see also Kurdistan

ISIS (Daesh)

aims 2829

in Iraq

advances 2728

Camp Spiecher 71

Hawija 46, 53, 5562

Kirkuk 40

Kurdistan 39, 40, 41

Mosul 33, 39, 41, 5153

recruits 72

Sharqat 6670

Shi’a vs. Sunni 7172

Sinjar mountains 27

Tikrit 70

ISIS-inspired attacks in the West 28

Israelis, help from 293294

in Lebanon 321322, 323, 324

Muslims’ opinions of 2829, 52, 56, 7172, 241242, 276, 298

Shi’a vs. Sunni 6869, 71, 72

in Syria 7, 910, 30, 33, 293294, 297298, 300303

Islam

beginnings 5

images of living beings 242243

Jesus as prophet 277

murder 241

Shi’a vs. Sunni 28, 6870, 8283, 102, 185, 229230

Islamic extremists

ISIS see ISIS (Daesh)

Jamaat al-Islam 298

Al-Nusra Front 7, 298, 306, 310

Al-Qaeda 19, 28, 72, 175, 185, 191, 210, 215, 225, 306

Israel

2003 visit 1719

Acre 289

Akko 289

American embassy 263, 274, 275276

border with Lebanon 290

border with Syria 290

Golan Heights 294295

Haifa 289

hospitality 289290

ISIS, support for 293294

Jerusalem 287288

journey towards Lebanese border 289290

Kadarim 289290

kibbutzim 289290

Lebanon, conflicts with 275, 292, 324

Mark 290

Metula 290294

Mossad 293294

Palestine, conflicts with 275278, 279280, 281282, 283287

Shani 290291, 293, 294295

Tel Aviv 288289

the wall 277278, 279, 282

Yom Kippur War (1973) 97

Jaish al-Fatah rebels 306

Jazan (Saudi Arabia) 198, 224, 225227

Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) 233234

Jericho (Palestine) 266, 283

Jerusalem (Israel) 16, 17, 18, 24, 263, 274, 287288, 332

Jesus 23, 24, 160, 264265, 267, 273, 277, 288

Jewish proverbs 275

John (in Oman) 177178

Jordan

2003 visit 1920, 257258, 259

Amman 263264

Aqaba 249251

arrival 249250

border with Palestine 264

border with Saudi Arabia 248249

Dead Sea 263

dinner at Mishael’s brother’s house 259261

hospitality 257, 259261

journey to Wadi Rum town 252257

journey towards Dead Sea 262263

Karim (Jordanian farmer) 257

Madaba 262

Mishael see Al-Faqeer, Mishael

Mount Nebo 262

Petra 257261

Salem, Aude Eid 252257

Shobak 262

Wadi Dana 262

Zaatari refugee camp 296

Kadarim (Israel) 289290

Kareem, Sheikh 50, 54

Karim (Jordanian farmer) 257

Kettunen, Nada

Damascus 313320

goodbye 320

Homs 307311

meeting 297

Palmyra 299303

Syrian rebels, views on 298, 299

Khasab (Oman) 132

khat 181, 183, 186187

Kirkuk (Iraq) 40, 41, 102

Kurdish proverbs 37

Kurdistan

arrival 38, 3940

Erbil 4345

Firman 3940, 45, 47

Hussain, Omer ‘Chomani’ 3947, 102

independence referendum 38, 4142, 4243, 102

ISIS 3940, 4041

Kirkuk 102

Makhmour checkpoint 4547

Mosul 41

Peshmerga (army) 40, 45, 102

the Tigris 37

trip to Erbil 4042

Turkish bombing 40

Kurds

in Iraq see Kurdistan

in Syria 613

Kuwait

Abdel, Faisel Abu 99101

border with Iraq 9495

Hussein, Suleiman 96, 9899

Iraqi border-to-Kuwait City 96, 98

Kuwait City 98103

oil and gas 9697

Kuwait City (Kuwait) 98103

Laban, Saleh Abu

goodbye 287

Hebron 279280

Islamic extremists, views on 276277

Israeli-Palestinian conflict 276277, 279280, 286, 287

Jesus 277

Judaism vs. Zionism 277

meeting 265266

protest against Trump 283287

walk to Bethlehem 266270

West Bank tour 278280

Lawrence of Arabia film 36, 244

Lawrence, T.E. 26, 3536, 224, 244, 245246, 249, 255, 337

Lebanon

Ali and drive towards Bsharre 326327, 328

Baalbek 325

border with Israel 290, 292

border with Syria 320

Byblos 336338

Cedars of God 332333

Christians 333335

conflicts with Israel and Saudi Arabia 275, 292, 324

democracy 323

diversity of people 323

Hadi see Obeid, Hadi

Hezbollah 34, 175, 275, 292, 3056, 321, 323324

hospitality 321

journey through Bekaa Valley 320

journey towards Byblos 335336

Lebanon Mountains 327332

Qadisha Valley 333

St Anthony, monastery of 333334

tolerance 323

Walid (Christian taxi driver) 333335

Yemeni civil war 185

Luke, Dave 2930, 31, 32, 3334, 35, 271

Madaba (Jordan) 262

Mahdi Army 7274

Makhmour (Iraq) 4547

Al-Malikiyah (Syria) 613

Mar Saba monastery (Palestine) 268

Mark (at Kadarim kibbutz) 290

Marsh Arabs, The (Thesiger) 35, 86

Mecca (Saudia Arabia) 218219, 231232

Medina (Saudia Arabia) 218219, 234235

Meir, Golda 282

Metula (Israel) 290294

Mirbat (Oman) 173, 174

Mohamed (Bahraini sailor) 1049

Mohamed (Syrian soldier) 310311

Mohammad bin Salman, Crown Prince 224225, 234, 238

Mohammed (guide at Babylon) 7982

Mosul (Iraq) 22, 27, 33, 39, 41, 5053, 69, 71

Mount Nebo (Jordan) 262

Muhammad, the Prophet 5, 233, 243, 249, 313

Musandam Peninsula 128

Muscat (Oman) 132137

Mustafa (Sir Bani Yas guide) 112118

Nativity Play 2225, 81, 262263

Nebuchadnezzar 80, 82

Nizwa (Oman) 138140

Al-Nusra Front 7, 298, 306, 310

Obeid, Alushi 322323

Obeid, Hadi

Baalbek 325

brothers 322323

goodbye 332

Lebanon Mountains 327332

meeting 321

parents’ house 321

Obeid, Hussain 322, 323325

Odyssey, The (Homer) 195

oil’s impact on region

armed conflicts 1, 4142, 82, 9798, 138, 242

global power 97

landscape 96, 118, 159

modernity 9697

tradition, loss of 9697, 109, 110, 146, 150, 151

Oman

Aladdin 2013, 2034

border with UAE 128129

border with Yemen 180181, 197

Britain, relationship with 136137

Dhofar see Dhofar

Empty Quarter see Empty Quarter

(Oman)

Al Hajar Mountains 137138

history 135136

hospitality 131132, 153

John 177178

Khasab 132

Khasab-to-Shinas ferry 132

Mahrouqi see Hamed, ‘Mahrouqi’

Ahmed Haroub

Mirbat 174

Musandam Peninsula 128

Muscat 132137

Nizwa 138140

plans to carry on 197203

Rashid 131132

Salalah 175180

Strait of Hormuz 132

Telegraph Island 132

walk towards Khasab 128131

Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) 97

Ottoman Empire 36, 244, 245246

Palestine

2003 visit 275

Bethlehem 17, 267268, 269274

border with Jordan 264

Church of the Nativity 271273

Gaza 263, 274, 275

Hebron 279282

Israel, conflicts with 275278, 279280, 281282, 283287

Jericho 266, 283

journey to Bethlehem 266270

Judean Desert 266267

Mar Saba monastery 268

protest against Trump 283287

Qasr al-Yahud 264

Saleh see Laban, Saleh Abu

Wadi Kidron 268269

the wall 277278, 279, 282

West Bank 263, 264, 266, 274, 275, 278280

Palmyra (Syria) 299303

pearls, Gulf 1049

Petra (Jordan) 18, 257261

Philby, Harry St John 35

Pilgrimage to El-Medinah and Mecca (Burton) 219

pre-journey planning 2936

previous visits to the Middle East 1722, 2627, 39, 75, 257258, 259, 275

Professor ‘E’ 291294

Qadisha Valley (Lebanon) 333

Al-Qaeda 19, 28, 72, 175, 185, 191, 210, 215, 225, 306

Qasr al-Yahud (Palestine) 264265

Qatar 103, 306

Al-Qayyarah (Iraq) 4849

Qur’an 16, 241, 291

Al-Qurnah (Iraq) 93

Raqqa (Syria) 7, 910

Rashid (in Oman) 131132

refugees 1112, 46, 183184, 296

Richard at maritime security agency 2023

Rojal (Saudia Arabia) 230231

Rojava (Syria) 713

Russia 11, 9798, 185, 293, 300301, 304, 306

Al-Sadr, Muqtada 73

St Anthony monastery (Lebanon) 333334

Salalah (Oman) 175180, 197204

Saleh, Ali Abdullah 184185

Salem, Aude Eid 252257

Al-Salhi, Abu Tahsin 6365

Salman bin Salman, Prince 224

Saudi Arabia

arrival 224225

Bin Amir tribe 228229

border with Jordan 248

Britain, relationship with 245

Burton’s journeys 218219

extremism 225226

Haddiyah station 245246

Hejaz railway 227, 235, 243248

historic heritage 238

hospitality 240243

human rights abuses 225

Iranian revolution 98

Iranians, views about 229, 242

Jazan 198, 224, 226

Jeddah 233234

journey to Asir Mountains 227231

Lebanon, conflicts with 324

Mecca 231232

Medina 234235

modernity 232, 234, 238, 248

Mohammad bin Salman, Crown Prince 224225, 234, 238

petroglyphs 239

Rojal 230231

stereotypes 225226

Syrian civil war 306

terrorist groups 241242

Al-‘Ula and environs 236243

visa approval 224

visa difficulties 38, 103, 198, 224

Wahabbism 241

Yemen, invasion of 175, 184, 185, 190, 225, 229

Yemen, spies in 194

Saudi proverbs 236

Sayeed (guide in Yemen) 179, 181, 183184, 185, 186187, 188, 189, 195, 197

Semites 34

Seven Pillars of Wisdom (Lawrence) 36, 244

Shakespeare, Captain 35

Shani (kibbutznikiyot) 290291, 293, 294295

Sharqat (Iraq) 6670

Shobak (Jordan) 262

Sir Bani Yas (UAE) 111, 112118

Snugly the dog 142, 144, 147, 150, 155

Somalia

Abdirizak, Hersi 220, 221, 222

arriving 212216

border with Djibouti 222

Bosaso 212216

Boswellia trees 161

Burton, Richard Francis 217, 219220

bus to Loyada 221222

drive to Hargeisa 216217, 220

Hargeisa 220221

timelessness 216217

Speke, John Hanning 219220

Stark, Freya 35, 128, 192

stereotypes 1, 15, 225226, 239, 331

Strait of Hormuz 128, 132

Stroyan, William 219220

Sumer 8385

As-Suwayda (Syria) 296297

Syria

alcohol 12

Al-Assad, Bashar 7, 298, 299, 308, 316, 320

Al-Assad, Khaled 3013

Bassam 911

border with Israel 290, 292295

border with Lebanon 320

Damascus 299, 313320

Druze people 298

Hakawati Ahmad Tayab 316320

Hayat (woman in Homs) 307311

Hezbollah 3046, 323

Homs 307312

hospitality 310312

ISIS (Daesh) 7, 910, 2728, 30, 33, 293294, 297298, 300303

journey to As-Suwayda 295296

Kurds 78

liberality 315316

Al-Malikiyah 713

Nada see Kettunen, Nada

Palmyra 299303

pre-Islam 4

Raqqa 7, 910

Rojava 613

As-Suwayda 296297

Tadmur checkpoint 3045

Thalia 298

war

combatants and supporters 297298, 299, 304, 3067

Hayat’s son 310311

Homs 307312

in Kurdistan 7

life carrying on as normal 316

refugees 296

scale of destruction 3089

Tadmur (Syria) 3045

Tahrir al-Sham rebel group 306

Tales of the Arabian Nights 35, 94, 218, 317320

Taliban 306

Talmud, the 262

Tawadros II, Orthodox Pope 272

Tayab, Ahmad 316320

Tel Aviv (Israel) 1819, 275, 288289

Telegraph Island 132

terrorist attacks 1415, 18, 19, 2728

Thalia (Syria) 298

Thesiger, Wilfred

Arabian Sands xi, 35, 143

background and character 152, 154

Bedouin, respect for the 154

Byblos 337

the Empty Quarter 143, 146, 147, 151152, 153154

inner journey xi, 153154

Khaled’s opinion of 244

Mahrouqi’s meeting with 150

Marsh Arabs, The 35, 86

Nizwa 138139

Tigris River 13, 37, 38, 4649, 54, 67, 71, 84, 93

Tikrit (Iraq) 22, 7274

Al Took, Khaled

Burton, views on 244

goodbye 248

Hejaz railway 235, 244248

insights 248

Islam 232233

journey to Asir Mountains 227231

Lawrence, views on 244

Mecca 231232

meeting 226

modernity 234

Saudi heritage 238

Thesiger, views on 244

Al-‘Ula and environs 236240

Trucial Coast (UAE) 111, 135

Trump, Donald 34, 120, 263, 274, 275, 284

Turkey 7, 10, 22, 33, 40, 306

Al-‘Ula (Saudi Arabia) 236243

Um Haider, Salwa 92

United Arab Emirates (UAE)

abandoned airport 126127

Ahmad (Pakistani driver) 120122

alcohol 124125, 127

border with Oman 128

Dubai 122125

Dubai-to-Al Jeer 125128

the emirates 111112

Freedman, Griff 123125

immigrant workers 120122

Ruwais-to-Dubai 118122

Sir Bani Yas 111, 112118

Trucial Coast 111

Yemen, invasion of 175, 185, 190, 195

United Kingdom (UK)

2003 Iraq War 89

Dhofar uprising 164

Kurds, support for 306

Kuwait’s independence from 97

Lebanon, relationship with 323

Mirbat, battle of 174

Oman, relationship with 135137

Saudi Arabia, relationship with 245

Syrian rebels, support for 297, 306

Telegraph Island 132

terrorist attacks 28

Yemen, relationship with 190

United States (US)

in Iraq 4546, 63

Israel, embassy in 263, 274, 275276

Kurds, support for 306

Lebanon, support for 323

Middle East chaos 242, 306

oil needs 9798

Saudi Arabia, support for 98

Second Iraq War 1, 1516, 21, 22, 75, 89

Syrian civil war 1011, 34, 298, 306

terrorist attacks 1415, 28

Yemeni civil war 185

Wadi Dana (Jordan) 262

Wadi Kidron (Palestine) 268269

Walid (Lebanese taxi driver) 333335

West Bank (Palestine) 263, 264, 266, 274, 275, 278280

wildlife

Dhofar 172

Iraq 8586, 89

Oman 130, 132

Saudi Arabia 234

Sir Bani Yas (UAE) 113, 115, 116118

Yemen 182, 196

Wood family and friends reunion 269274

Yarab, King 3

Yasim (in Al-Malikiyah) 1113

Yazidi people 27, 316

Yemen

Abshir see Abshir (guide in Yemen)

Al Mahra people 189

arrangements for entering 177180

border with Oman 180181, 197

Boswellia tree 161

cholera 33

closed to foreigners 33, 174175

diversity of people 182, 183

entering 180181

Al Ghaydah 186191, 192194

Horn of Africa, relationship with 183

journey back to Oman 195198

journey to Al Ghaydah 181186

jungle 181

khat 183, 186187

Mehri people 181

pre-Islam 4

Al-Qaeda 185

Qishn 191192

Sayeed 179, 181, 183184, 185, 186187, 188, 189, 195, 197

set-back to plans 196197

Somali fishermen 186

Sultan Abdullah bin Essa 189191, 192195

UK, relationship with 190

war

Houthi rebels 33, 184185, 230

Iranian involvement 229230

outsider meddling 185

refugees 183184

Saudi involvement 175, 184, 185, 190, 194, 225, 229230

Shi’a vs. Sunni 185, 229230

Southern Transitional Council 185

UAE involvement 175, 185, 190, 195

US involvement 185

Yom Kippur War (1973) 97

Zaatari refugee camp (Jordan) 296

Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, Sheikh 114, 115

Zionism 277, 282, 289290