body { padding: 3%; text-align: justify; color: black; font-weight: normal; font-size: 100%; } .halftitle { text-indent: 0; font-size: 120%; text-align: center; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 1%; margin-bottom: 2%; text-indent: 5%; } .author { text-align: center; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 2em; font-size: 140%; text-indent: 0%; font-weight: bold; } .title { text-align: left; margin-top: 3em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-size: 350%; text-indent: 0%; letter-spacing: 0px; line-height: normal; } .title1 { text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0%; font-size: 285%; text-indent: 0%; line-height: normal; } .subtitle { text-align: center; margin-top: 0%; margin-bottom: 0em; font-size: 130%; text-indent: 0%; font-style: italic; letter-spacing: 2px; } .publisher { text-align: center; margin-top: 30%; font-size: 100%; font-weight: bold; text-indent: 0%; } .copyright { font-size: 85%; text-indent: 0; margin-top: 0%; margin-bottom: 0%; font-weight: normal; text-align: center; margin-top: 1.5em; } .bor1 { border: #000 solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; padding: 0.5em; } .dedication { font-size: 110%; margin-top: 4em; margin-bottom: 0em; text-align: center; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 1.5em; } p { margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-indent: 1em; line-height: 140%; font-weight: normal; } .noindent_l { margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0em; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 140%; font-weight: normal; text-align: left; } .noindent { margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.75em; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 140%; font-weight: normal; } .noindent_1 { margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 12em; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 140%; font-weight: normal; text-align: justify; } .noindent1 { margin-top: 2.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 140%; font-weight: normal; } .noindent2 { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; line-height: 140%; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 0%; } .noindent3 { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; line-height: 120%; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 0%; font-size: 110%; } .indent2 { margin-top: 1.25em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; line-height: 120%; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 1em; } .right { text-align: right; text-indent: 0; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } .chaphead { text-align: center; margin-top: 2em; font-size: 160%; margin-bottom: 2em; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 0em; } .chnum { text-align: center; } .chnum1 { text-align: center; margin-top: 0em; font-size: 330%; margin-bottom: 0em; font-weight: bold; text-indent: 0em; line-height: normal; margin-right: 0.2em; color: #d1d2d4; } .chaptitle_0 { text-align: left; margin-top: 4em; font-size: 120%; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 0em; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 3em; } .chaptitle { text-align: left; margin-top: 3em; font-size: 120%; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 0em; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 8em; } .chaptitle1 { text-align: left; margin-top: 1em; font-size: 120%; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 0em; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 4em; } .chaptitle2 { text-align: center; font-size: 160%; margin-bottom: 1em; padding-top: 3.5em; text-indent: 0em; margin-left: 0em; font-style: normal; line-height: 100%; } .chaptitle3 { text-align: left; font-size: 130%; margin-bottom: 2em; margin-top: 1em; text-indent: 0em; margin-left: 0em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } .chaptitle4 { text-align: left; font-size: 130%; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0em; text-indent: 0em; margin-left: 0em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } .part1 { text-align: center; margin-top: 3em; font-size: 250%; margin-bottom: 1em; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 0em; line-height: normal; color: #d1d2d4; } .part2 { text-align: center; margin-top: 3em; font-size: 190%; margin-bottom: 0em; font-weight: normal; text-indent: 0em; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 5em; color: #7f8183; page-break-after: always; } .bullet { list-style-position: outside; list-style-type: disc; } .blockr { margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 2em; margin-top: 1em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 100%; color: #000; text-align: justify; font-size: 100%; } .blockr_1 { margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 2em; margin-top: 0em; text-indent: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 100%; color: #000; text-align: justify; } .block { margin-left: 3em; margin-right: 0em; margin-top: 1em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-size: 100%; text-align: justify; } .block_i { margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 2em; margin-top: 1em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 100%; color: #000; text-align: justify; } .block_i1 { margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 2em; margin-top: 0em; text-indent: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 100%; color: #000; text-align: justify; } .block0 { margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; margin-top: 0em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: justify; font-size: 95%; font-weight: normal; } .block1_1 { margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0em; text-indent: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; text-align: justify; font-size: 95%; font-weight: normal; } .block1_2 { margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; text-align: justify; font-size: 95%; font-weight: normal; } .block1_3 { margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 2em; margin-top: 0em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; font-size: 95%; color: #000; text-align: justify; } .block1 { margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 2em; margin-top: 1em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; font-size: 100%; color: #000; text-align: justify; } .block2 { margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 0em; text-indent: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: justify; font-size: 95%; font-weight: normal; } .block3 { margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 2.5em; margin-top: 0em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 0em; text-align: justify; font-size: 100%; } .l1 { margin-left: 25%; margin-right: 5em; margin-top: 0em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; text-indent: 0em; text-align: right; } .block4 { margin-left: 0em; margin-right: 2em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: right; } .block5 { margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 2em; margin-top: 0.5em; text-indent: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-align: left; text-align: justify; } .indent { text-indent: 0.5em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: .25em; } .left { margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0em; border-bottom: 1px solid black; text-align: center; font-size: 0.8em; } .bib_1 { text-indent: -2.6em; margin-left: 2.6em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } .bib { text-indent: -1.5em; margin-left: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } .bib1 { text-indent: -1.2em; margin-left: 2em; margin-bottom: 0.2em; } .line { padding: 0.1em; border-bottom: #000 double 5px; width: 30%; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 2em; } .twolines { border-top: #000 double 4px; border-bottom: #000 double 4px; border-left: #000 double 4px; border-right: #000 double 4px; padding: 0.5em; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-size: 100%; } .two-lines { border-top: #000 solid 1px; border-bottom: #000 solid 1px; padding: 0.5em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 3em; text-align: center; font-size: 100%; } .oneline { border-bottom: #000 double 4px; padding: 0.5em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; } .line1 { border-top: #000 solid thin; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0em; width: 30%; } .line2 { border-top: #d1d2d4 2px solid; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; text-indent: 0em; padding-top: 0em; font-size: 105%; } .footnote { vertical-align: super; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.25em; } .footnotep { margin-top: +0; margin-bottom: +.25em; text-indent: .5em; line-height: normal; font-size: 90%; } table { width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1.7em; } .topalign { line-height: .3em; } .blockquote { margin-top: 2%; margin-bottom: 2%; text-indent: 2%; } .footline { text-indent: 0px; border-bottom: 0.05em solid; width: 35%; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } .note { text-indent: 0; font-size: 90%; margin-top: 1.5em; } .break { text-indent: 0; margin-top: 2%; } .figcaption { text-indent: 0em; font-size: 95%; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: justify; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; } .figcaption1 { text-indent: 0em; font-size: 100%; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-align: left; font-style: normal; } .pagebreak { page-break-before: always; margin-top: 2em; } .firstLetter { float: left; margin-top: -0.5em; margin-right: 0em; font-size: 2em; margin-bottom: 0em; color: #000; font-weight: normal; line-height: normal; padding-right: 0.05em; height: 1em; } .firstLetter0 { color: #a7a9ac; font-size: 4em; float: left; margin-top: 0em; line-height: 0.8em; margin-bottom: -8px; padding-right: 0.05em; } li { line-height: 140%; font-size: 100%; margin-left: 0em; margin-top: 0.75em; color: #000; } .heading1 { text-align: left; font-size: 110%; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; text-indent: 0em; margin-left: 0em; font-weight: bold; } .heading2 { text-align: left; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-indent: 0em; margin-top: 0.5em; padding-left: 0em; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.025em; font-weight: bold; text-decoration: underline; } .heading3 { text-align: left; font-size: 110%; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0em; text-indent: 0em; margin-left: 0em; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; } .heading4 { text-align: left; font-size: 110%; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-indent: 0em; margin-left: 0em; font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; } .heading5 { text-align: left; font-size: 110%; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.2em; text-indent: 0em; margin-left: 0em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } .heading6 { text-align: left; font-size: 110%; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; text-indent: 0em; margin-left: 0em; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; } td { padding: 0.5em; border-collapse: separate; } .td1 { padding: 0.5em; border-collapse: separate; background-color: #dcdcde; border-top: #000 solid thin; border-bottom: #000 solid thin; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; } .td2 { padding: 0.5em; border-collapse: separate; text-align: left; vertical-align: top; border-top: #000 solid thin; border-bottom: #000 solid thin; } .afq { margin-top: 1em; } .answ { margin-left: 1.1em; text-indent: -1.1em; } .answ1 { margin-left: 1.1em; text-indent: 0em; } .fsize0 { font-size: 95%; text-indent: 0em; } .fsize1 { font-size: 80%; } .fsize2 { font-size: 3.5em; color: #58585a; display: inline-block; padding-top: 0.5em; } .fsize3 { font-size: 120%; } .mtop1-5 { margin-top: 1.5em; } .image { text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; } .image1 { text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 2em; } .image2 { text-indent: 0em; text-align: center; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; } .ashcol { color: #646567; } .exercise1 { text-indent: 0em; margin-top: 1em; font-weight: bold; margin-left: 2em; margin-bottom: -0.5em; } ol, ul { margin-left: 0em; padding-left: 1em; } .order { margin-left: 1em; margin-left: 0em; } .m-left { margin-left: 2em; } .li-nonum { list-style-type: none; font-size: 100%; margin-left: 0em; padding-left: 0.5em; margin-left: 2em; text-indent: 0em; } .li-nonum1 { list-style-type: none; font-size: 100%; margin-left: 0em; padding-left: 0.5em; margin-left: 2.5em; text-indent: -1.5em; } .mcleft1 { margin-left: 1em; } .mcleft2 { margin-left: 3.5em; margin-top: -.75em; } .bg1 { text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 2em; margin-top: 1em; padding: 1em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; width: 100%; margin-left: 0em; border: #000 solid thin; } .bg2 { background-color: #dfe0e1; padding: 10px; border-bottom-left-radius: 25px; width: 40%; padding: 1em; margin: auto; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; } .bg3 { background-color: #d2d3d5; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; margin-top: 2em; padding: 1em; } .bg3 p { text-indent: 0em; margin-top: 1.5em; } .bg5 { position: relative; background-color: #e7e7e8; text-indent: 0em; margin-top: 0em; padding: 0.5em; letter-spacing: 3px; font-weight: bold; font-size: 305%; text-align: left; border-top-left-radius: 20px; border-bottom-left-radius: 20px; margin-left: 20%; height: 85px; padding-right: 2em; top: 2em; -webkit-box-shadow: -15px -12px 30px -11px rgba(133,133,133,1); box-shadow: -15px -12px 30px -11px rgba(133,133,133,1); color: #000; padding-top: 0.75em; } .bgcenter1 { text-align: center; text-indent: 0em; margin-top: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0em; } .bgcenter2 { text-align: center; text-indent: 0em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0em; } .mleft0 { margin-left: 1em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0em; } .mleft0_1 { margin-left: 2em; text-indent: 1em; margin-bottom: 0em; margin-top: 0em; } .mleft1 { margin-left: 2em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 1em; } .mleft1_1 { margin-left: 2em; text-indent: 1em; margin-bottom: 0em; margin-top: 0em; } .mleft2 { margin-left: 3em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 0em; margin-right: 0em; text-align: justify; margin-right: 3em; } .mleft3 { margin-left: 0em; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 0em; margin-top: 1.2em; margin-right: 0em; text-align: left; } .mleft4 { font-size: 100%; text-align: left; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0em; margin-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em; margin-right: 0em; } .mleft5 { font-size: 100%; text-align: left; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 0em; margin-left: 2.5em; text-indent: -1.5em; margin-right: 0em; } .mtop2_1 { margin-top: 1.5em; } .mtop2 { margin-top: 3em; } .mtop3 { margin-top: 3.5em; } .mtop3_n { margin-top: 6em; } .underline { text-decoration: underline; } .list1 { margin-left: 3.1em; text-indent: -2.1em; } .list2 { margin-left: 2em; text-indent: -1em; text-indent: 1em; } .list3 { margin-left: 0em; text-indent: 0em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.2em; } .valign1 { vertical-align: -0.1em; } .fv1 { font-variant: small-caps; } .lo-r { list-style-type: lower-roman; font-weight: bold; font-size: 105%; } .wrapi { display: block; float: right; margin-left: 10px; } .tstyle1 { width: 100%; margin-top: 2em; } .tstyle2 { text-align: left; width: 25%; vertical-align: top; } .tstyle2_2 { text-align: left; vertical-align: top; background-color: #919191; border: #000 solid 1px; border-collapse: separate; } .tstyle2_3 { text-align: center; vertical-align: top; background-color: #cfd0d2; border: #000 solid 1px; border-collapse: separate; } .tstyle2_1 { text-align: left; vertical-align: top; background-color: #dadbdc; } .tstyle3 { text-align: left; width: 75%; vertical-align: top; } .tstyle4 { text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; } .tstyle4-1 { text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; background-color: #a8a9ad; } .tstyle4-2 { text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; background-color: #d2d3d5; } .tstyle4-3 { text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; background-color: #c0bebe; } .tstyle5 { text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: 70%; } .tstyle6 { text-align: left; vertical-align: top; width: 50%; } .alpha { list-style-type: lower-alpha; } .ualpha { list-style: upper-alpha; } img { max-width: 100%; max-height: 100%; } .ash { color: #818284; } .ash span { color: #000; } .mtopbot { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; } .b1 { border-left: #000 solid 1px; } .b2 { border-top: #000 solid 1px; } .b3 { border-right: #000 solid 1px; } .b4 { border-bottom: #000 solid 1px; } .arrow { } .vl { vertical-align: middle; } .vl1 { vertical-align: top; } .nav1 { margin-top: 0.5em; text-align: center; text-indent: 0em; line-height: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } .quote { text-align: justify; font-size: 90%; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 1.5em; font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 1.5em; text-indent: 0em; margin-left: 0em; } .quote1 { text-align: left; font-size: 100%; font-weight: normal; margin-top: 0em; font-style: normal; margin-bottom: 1em; text-indent: 0em; margin-left: 1em; border-bottom: #000000 dotted 1px; padding-bottom: 1em; } .qu { margin: 0 auto; padding-left: 0.4em; margin-left: 2em; margin-right: 2em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 0.5em; } .qu1 { margin: 0 auto; padding-left: 0.4em; margin-left: 3.25em; margin-right: 2em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-weight: bold; } .qu:before { content: "\201c"; font-weight: bold; font-size: 3em; padding-top: -1em; color: #949599; } .qu:after { content: "\201d"; font-weight: bold; font-size: 3em; padding-top: -1em; right: 0; color: #949599; } .wimag1 { float: left; display: block; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; letter-spacing: 0.4em; } .wimag1_1 { float: left; display: block; padding-right: 0.5em; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; letter-spacing: 0.1em; } .wimag2 { float: right; display: inline-block; padding-left: 2em; padding-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; font-size: 130%; width: 30%; text-indent: 0em; } ul.bullets li { padding-left: 1.5em; list-style: none; margin: 0 0 10px 0; text-align: justify; color: #000 !important; display: list-item; } ul.bullets li:before { font-size: 150%; content: "\2022"; float: left; position: relative; top: 0.05em; width: 1em; margin-left: -1em; font-family: serif; line-height: inherit; color: #949599; } ol, ul { } .ex1 { border-bottom: #000 solid 8px; border-top: #000 solid 8px; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 2em; padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; padding-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 1em; } .br1 { margin-right: 2em; text-align: right; text-indent: 0em; margin-top: 0em; margin-bottom: 2em; } .small { font-size: 80%; font-variant: small-caps; letter-spacing: 0.05em; } .small1 { font-size: 95%; font-variant: small-caps; } .uc { text-transform: uppercase; } .blockquote1 { quotes: "\201c" "\201d" "\2018" "\2019"; margin-bottom: 2em; line-height: 140%; } .blockquote1:after { color: #58585a; content: "\2019"; font-size: 4em; line-height: 0.1em; margin-right: 0.25em; vertical-align: -0.4em; } .blockquote1 p { display: inline; } .blockquote2 { quotes: "\201c" "\201d" "\2018" "\2019"; margin-top: 2em; line-height: 140%; text-indent: 0em; } .blockquote2:before { color: #58585a; content: "\2018"; font-size: 4em; line-height: 0.1em; margin-right: 0em; vertical-align: -0.4em; } .blockquote2 p { display: inline; } .UA { list-style-type: upper-alpha; } .lroman { list-style: lower-roman; } .bg13 { background-color: #e7e7e8; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 0em; margin-top: 0em; } .bor1 { border: #000 solid 2px; border-collapse: collapse; padding: 1em; margin-top: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; } .floatright { float: right; clear: both; } .topspace { margin-top: 0.5em; text-indent: 0em; } .topspace1 { margin-top: 1em; text-indent: 1em; } .topspace2 { margin-top: 1em; text-indent: 0em; } .topspace3 { margin-top: 1em; text-indent: 1em; } .fl2 { float: left; margin: 1em; display: block; margin-top: 0em; } .bgr1 { background-color: #e5e5e6; padding: 0.5em; margin-left: 5em; padding-left: 1em; margin-top: 1em; } .sc { text-transform: lowercase; font-variant: small-caps; } .code { padding: 1em; border-bottom: #000 double 4px; border-top: #000 double 4px; padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; text-indent: 0em; margin: 1.5em 0em; } .code1 { text-align: center; text-indent: 0em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-size: 105%; font-weight: bold; } .bg1r { background-color: #e5e5e6; padding: 0.5em; } .box { border: #d1d2d4 solid 2px; padding: 1em; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 2em; margin-left: 1%; margin-right: 0%; } .box1 { border: #000 double 5px; padding: 0.5em; margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; width: 90%; height: 700px; } .fl1 { float: right; margin: 1em; display: block; width: 30%; margin-top: 0em; } .clear { clear: both; } .summ { width: 100%; text-align: center; border-bottom: 6px solid #939598; line-height: 0em; margin: 35px 0 20px; font-size: 130%; } .summ span { background: #fff; padding: 0 10px; } .center { text-align: center; text-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0.75em; margin-top: 0em; } .center1 { text-align: center; text-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0.5em; margin-top: 1.5em; line-height: normal; letter-spacing: 0.09em; font-size: 100%; text-transform: uppercase; } .mtop1 { margin-top: 1.5em; } .circle { list-style-type: circle; } .Square { list-style-type: Square; } .circles { text-align: center; text-indent: 0; margin-bottom: 0em; margin-top: 0em; margin: auto; width: 60px; text-indent: 0em; } .ctext { background-color: #b6b7b7; justify-content: center; align-items: center; border-radius: 50%; text-align: center; margin: 5px 20px; font-size: 250%; padding: 10px; height: 50px; width: 50px; color: #fff; text-indent: 0em; } .sm1 { font-variant: small-caps; } .pr1 { text-indent: 0em; font-size: 95%; font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 0em; margin-top: 0em; text-transform: lowercase; font-variant: small-caps; } .pr2 { text-indent: 0em; font-size: 85%; font-weight: normal; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-top: 0em; } .mtop5 { margin-top: 8em; } .mtop10 { margin-top: 5em; } .mtopbottom { margin-top: 11em; margin-bottom: 12em; } .color { color: #7f8183; } .bc1 { background-color: #dcdcde; } .decimal { list-style-type: decimal; } .mt { border-top: #000 dashed 1px; border-bottom: #000 dashed 1px; margin: 1.5em; } .space { padding-left: 2.5em; } .space1 { padding-left: 5.5em; }