Selected Bibliography

MANUSCRIPT COLLECTIONS

The collection of the Huntington Library, San Marino, California, contains papers of Ulysses S. Grant and Walt Whitman as well as of Simon Bolivar Buckner, Charles A. Dana, David G. Farragut, Henry W. Halleck, Joseph E. Johnston, George Gordon Meade, George H. Mellish, Benjamin Moran, E. O. C. Ord, Ely S. Parker, David Dixon Porter, Harvey Reid, Alexander R. Shepherd, Philip H. Sheridan, Thomas Kilby Smith, Edwin M. Stanton, Gideon Welles, David Ames Wells, James Harrison Wilson, and many other important observers of Grant’s career.

Other major collections consulted include the following:

Akerman, Amos T.: Alderman Library, University of Virginia.

Ames, Adelbert: Sophia Smith Collection, Smith College.

Anthony, Susan B.: Library of Congress.

Arthur, Chester A.: Library of Congress.

Augur, Christopher Columbus: Illinois State Historical Society.

Babcock, Orville E.: Newberry Library, Chicago.

Bailey, Jacob Whitman: United States Military Academy Library.

Bayard, Thomas Francis: Library of Congress.

Blaine, James G.: Library of Congress.

Bristow, Benjamin Helm: Library of Congress.

Browning, Orville H.: Illinois State Historical Society.

Butler, Benjamin F.: Library of Congress.

Chandler, William E.: Library of Congress.

Chandler, Zachariah: Library of Congress.

Church, William C.: Library of Congress.

Conkling, Roscoe: Library of Congress.

Davis, David: Illinois State Historical Society.

Delafield, Richard: United States Military Academy Library.

Delano, Columbus: Library of Congress.

Dent, Frederick Tracy: Morris Library, Southern Illinois University.

Douglas, John Hancock: Library of Congress.

Fish, Hamilton: Library of Congress.

French, Benjamin Brown: Library of Congress.

Garfield, James A.: Library of Congress.

Garland, Hamlin: Doheny Library, University of Southern California.

Grant, Ulysses S.: Chicago Historical Society; Illinois State Historical Society; Library of Congress; Missouri Historical Society; Morris Library, Southern Illinois University; United States Military Academy Library.

Greeley, Horace: Library of Congress.

Grierson, Benjamin H.: Illinois State Historical Society.

Hancock, Winfield Scott: Illinois State Historical Society.

Harlan, John Marshall: Library of Congress.

Howard, O. O.: Bowdoin College Library.

Jayne, William: Illinois State Historical Society.

Johnson, Andrew: Library of Congress.

Lee, Robert E.: Illinois State Historical Society.

Lewis, Lloyd: Newberry Library, Chicago.

Lincoln, Abraham: Illinois State Historical Society.

McClernand, John A.: Illinois State Historical Society.

Miltmore, Ira: Chicago Historical Society.

Palmer, John M.: Illinois State Historical Society.

Parsons, Lewis B.: Illinois State Historical Society.

Rawlins, John A.: Chicago Historical Society; Illinois State Historical Society.

Ricks, Jesse Jay: Illinois State Historical Society.

Robb, Thomas P.: Illinois State Historical Society.

Rowley, William R.: Illinois State Historical Society.

Schenck, Robert C.: Rutherford B. Hayes Library, Fremont, Ohio.

Schurz, Carl: Library of Congress.

Sheridan, Philip H.: Library of Congress.

Sherman, William T.: Library of Congress; Missouri Historical Society.

Smith, Luther R.: Missouri Historical Society.

Stephens, Alexander H.: Library of Congress.

Stuart, George H.: Library of Congress.

Sumner, Charles: Library of Congress.

Thornton, Edward: Bodleian Library, Oxford University.

Trumbull, Lyman: Illinois State Historical Society.

Wallace, W. H. L.: Wallace-Dickey Family Papers, Illinois State Historical Society.

Washburne, Elihu B.: Library of Congress.

Webb, Alexander S.: Sterling Library, Yale University.

White, Horace: Illinois State Historical Society.

Wilson, James Harrison: Library of Congress.

Yates, Richard: Illinois State Historical Society.

Young, John Russell: Library of Congress.

BOOKS, ARTICLES, AND DISSERTATIONS

Aaron, Daniel. The Unwritten War: American Writers and the Civil War. New York, 1973.

Abbott, John S. C. The History of the Civil War in America. New York, 1863.

[Adams, Henry,] “American Finance, 1865–1869.” Edinburgh Review 129 (Apr. 1869):504–33.

Adams, Henry. The Education of Henry Adams. Boston, 1918.

——-. Letters of Henry Adams. Edited by Worthington C. Ford. 2 vols. Boston, 1930.

——-. “The Session.” North American Review 108 (Apr. 1869):610–40.

Ambrose, Stephen E. Crazy Horse and Custer: The Parallel Lives of Two American Warriors. Garden City, N.Y., 1975.

——-. Duty, Honor, Country: A History of West Point. Baltimore, 1966.

——-. Halleck: Lincoln’s Chief of Staff. Baton Rouge, 1962.

——-. Upton and the Army. Baton Rouge, 1964.

Ames, Adelbert. “The Capture of Fort Fisher.” In Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, Massachusetts Commandry, Civil War Papers, 1:269–95. Boston, 1900.

Ames, Blanche Ames. Adelbert Ames, 1835–1933: General, Senator, Governor. North Easton, Mass., 1964.

Ames, Blanche Butler, ed. Chronicles from the Nineteenth Century: Family Letters of Blanche Butler and Adelbert Ames. 2 vols. Clinton, Mass., 1957.

Ames, Charles Edgar. Pioneering the Union Pacific: A Reappraisal of the Builders of the Railroad. New York, 1969.

Ames, Mary Clemmer. Ten Years in Washington: Life and Scenes in the National Capital, As a Woman Sees Them, Hartford, Conn., 1874.

Ammen, Daniel. The Old Navy and the New…with an Appendix of Personal Letters from General Grant. Philadelphia, 1891.

Arnold, Matthew. General Grant. With a Rejoinder by Mark Twain. Edited and with an introduction by John Y. Simon. Carbondale, Ill., 1966.

Athearn, Robert G. William Tecumseh Sherman and the Settlement of the West. Norman, Okla., 1956.

Avery, I. W. The History of the State of Georgia from 1850 to 1881. New York, 1881.

Babbitt, Juliette M. “Nellie Grant Sartoris and Her Children.” Midland Monthly 7 (Feb. 1897):99–102.

Bache, Richard Meade. Life of General George Gordon Meade, Commander of the Army of the Potomac. Philadelphia, 1897.

Badeau, Adam. Grant in Peace: From Appomattox to Mount McGregor. A Personal Memoir. Hartford, Conn., 1887.

——-. Military History of Ulysses S. Grant, from April, 1861, to April, 1865. 3 vols. New York, 1882.

——-. “The Mystery of Grant.” Cosmopolitan 20 (Mar. 1896):483–92.

——-. The Vagabond. New York, 1859.

Barber, John Warner, ed. Connecticut Historical Collections. New Haven, 1836.

Barnitz, Albert. Life in Custer’s Cavalry: Diaries and Letters of Albert and Jennie Barnitz, 1867–1868. Edited by Robert M. Utley. New Haven, 1977.

Bates, David Homer. Lincoln in the Telegraph Office. New York, 1907.

Bates, Edward. The Diary of Edward Bates, 1859–1866. Edited by Howard K. Beale. Washington, D.C., 1933.

Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Edited by R. U. Johnson and C. C. Buel. 4 vols. New York, 1887–88.

Bauer, Karl Jack. The Mexican War, 1846–1848. New York, 1974.

Beale, Howard K. The Critical Year: A Study of Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction. New York, 1930.

Belz, Herman. Emancipation and Equal Rights: Politics and Constitutionalism in the Civil War Era. New York, 1978.

——-. A New Birth of Freedom: The Republican Party and Freedmen’s Rights, 1861–1866. Westport, Conn., 1976.

——-. Reconstructing the Union: Theory and Policy during the Civil War. Ithaca, N.Y., 1969.

Benedict, Michael Les. A Compromise of Principle: Congressional Republicans and Reconstruction, 1863–1869. New York, 1974.

——-. The Impeachment and Trial of Andrew Johnson. New York, 1973.

Benson, Harry King. “The Public Career of Adelbert Ames, 1861–1876.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Virginia, 1975.

Blaine, James G. Twenty Years of Congress: From Lincoln to Garfield. 2 vols. Norwich, Conn., 1884–86.

Blassingame, John W. Black New Orleans, 1860–1880. Chicago, 1973.

Boatner, Mark M., III. The Civil War Dictionary. New York, 1959.

Bolles, Charles E. “General Grant and the News of Mr. Lincoln’s Death.” In “Memoranda on the Life of Lincoln,” Century Magazine 40 (June 1890):309–10.

Bonadio, Felice A. North of Reconstruction: Ohio Politics, 1865–1870. New York, 1970.

Boutwell, George S. The Lawyer, the Statesman and the Soldier. New York, 1887.

——-. Reminiscences of Sixty Years in Public Affairs. 2 vols. New York, 1902.

Bowers, Claude G. The Tragic Era: The Revolution after Lincoln. New York, 1929.

Boyd, James Penny. The Life of William T. Sherman. Philadelphia, 1891.

Boynton, H. V. “The Washington ‘Safe Burglary’ Conspiracy.” American Law Review 11 (Apr. 1877):401–46.

——-. “The Whiskey Ring.” North American Review 123 (Oct. 1876):280–327.

Brock, W. R. An American Crisis: Congress and Reconstruction, 1865–1867. New York, 1963.

Browning, Orville H. The Diary of Orville Hickman Browning. Edited and with an introduction and notes by Theodore C. Pease and James G. Randall. 2 vols. Springfield, Ill., 1925–33.

Brownlow, William Gannaway. Sketches of the Rise, Progress and Decline of Secession. Philadelphia, 1862.

Burne, Alfred Higgins. Lee, Grant and Sherman: A Study of Leadership in the 1864–65 Campaign. Aldershot, England, 1938.

Burr, Frank A. A New, Original and Authentic Record of the Life and Deeds of General U. S. Grant. Boston, 1885.

Butler, Benjamin F. Autobiography and Personal Reminiscences of Major-General Benj. F. Butler; Butler’s Book. Boston, 1892.

Cadwallader, Sylvanus. Three Years with Grant. Edited by Benjamin P. Thomas. New York, 1955.

Campbell, John A. Recollections of the Evacuation of Richmond, April 2d, 1865. Pamphlet. Baltimore, 1880.

——-. Reminiscences and Documents Relating to the Civil War during the Year 1865. Pamphlet. Baltimore, 1886.

Cantacuzene, Julia Grant. My Life Here and There. New York, 1921.

Carpenter, John A. Ulysses S. Grant. New York, 1970.

Carr, Julian S. The Hampton Roads Conference. Pamphlet. Durham, N.C., 1917.

Catton, Bruce. Grant Moves South. Boston, 1960.

——-. Grant Takes Command. Boston, 1969.

——-. U. S. Grant and the American Military Tradition. Boston, 1954.

Chamberlain, Joshua L. “Appomattox.” In Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, New York Commandry, Personal Recollections of the War of the Rebellion, 3d series, pp. 260–80. New York, 1907.

Chapin, James Burke. “Hamilton Fish and American Expansion.” Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University, 1971.

Charnwood, Godfrey Rathbone Benson, first baron. Abraham Lincoln. London, 1917.

Chase, Salmon P. “Diary and Correspondence of Salmon P. Chase.” In American Historical Association, Annual Report…for the Year 1902. Vol. 2. Washington, D.C., 1903.

——-. Inside Lincoln’s Cabinet: The Civil War Diaries of Salmon P. Chase. Edited by David Herbert Donald. New York, 1954.

Chetlain, Augustus Louis. Recollections of Seventy Years. Galena, Ill., 1899.

Chidsey, Donald Barr. The Gentleman from New York: A Life of Roscoe Conkling. New Haven, 1935.

Childs, George W. Recollections. Philadelphia, 1890.

——-. Recollections of General Grant. Philadelphia, 1885.

Church, William Conant. Ulysses S. Grant and the Period of National Preservation and Reconstruction. New York, 1897.

Cleaves, Freeman. Meade of Gettysburg. Norman, Okla., 1960.

——- Rock of Chickamauga: The Life of George H. Thomas. Norman, Okla., 1948.

Clemens, Samuel L. [Mark Twain]. The Autobiography of Mark Twain. Edited by Charles Neider. New York, 1959.

——-. Mark Twain in Eruption. Edited and with an introduction by Bernard De Voto. New York, 1940.

——-. Mark Twain’s Autobiography. Introduction by Albert Bigelow Paine. 2 vols. New York, 1924.

——-. Mark Twain’s Letters. Edited by Albert Bigelow Paine. 2 vols. New York, 1917.

Coben, Stanley. “Northeastern Business and Radical Reconstruction: A Re-examination.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review 46 (June 1959):67–90.

Coleman, Charles H. The Election of 1868: The Democratic Effort to Regain Control. New York, 1933.

Conger, Arthur L. The Rise of U. S. Grant. New York, 1931.

Conkling, Alfred R. The Life and Letters of Roscoe Conkling, Orator, Statesman, Advocate. New York, 1889.

Connelly, Thomas Lawrence. The Marble Man: Robert E. Lee and His Image in American Society. New York, 1977.

——-. The Politics of Command: Factions and Ideas in Confederate Strategy. Baton Rouge, 1973.

——-. “Robert E. Lee and the Western Confederacy: A Criticism of Lee’s Strategic Ability.” Civil War History 15 (June 1969):116–32.

Conway, Alan. The Reconstruction of Georgia. Minneapolis, 1966.

Conway, Moncure D. Autobiography, Memoirs, and Experiences of Moncure Daniel Conway. 2 vols. Boston, 1904.

Cook, Adrian. The Alabama Claims: American Politics and Anglo-American Relations, 1865–1872. Ithaca, N.Y., 1975.

Coolidge, Louis Arthur, Ulysses S. Grant. Boston, 1917.

Coppée, Henry. General Thomas. New York, 1893.

——-. Grant and His Campaigns: A Military Biography. New York, 1866.

Cox, Jacob Dolson. “How Judge Hoar Ceased to Be Attorney-General.” Atlantic Monthly 76 (Aug. 1895):162–73.

Cox, Lawanda C. Politics, Principle, and Prejudice, 1865–1866: Dilemma of Reconstruction America. Glencoe, Ill., 1963.

Craven, Avery. The Coming of the Civil War. New York, 1966.

——-. Reconstruction: The Ending of the Civil War. New York, 1969.

Crenshaw, W. V. “Benjamin F. Butler: Philosophy and Politics, 1866–1879.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Georgia, 1976.

Cruden, Robert. The Negro in Reconstruction. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 1969.

Cunliffe, Marcus. Soldiers and Civilians: The Martial Spirit in America, 1775–1865. Boston, 1968.

Current, Richard N. Old Thad Stevens: A Story of Ambition. Madison, Wis., 1942.

Curry, Richard O. “The Abolitionists and Reconstruction: A Critical Appraisal.” Journal of Southern History 34 (Nov. 1968):527–45.

Curtis, Newton Martin. “The Capture of Fort Fisher.” In Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, New York Commandry, Personal Recollections of the War of the Rebellion, 3d series, pp. 25–51. New York, 1907.

Dana, Charles A. Recollections of the Civil War. New York, 1899.

——-, and Wilson, James Harrison. The Life of Ulysses S. Grant, General of the Armies of the United States. Springfield, Mass., 1868.

Davis. J. C. Bancroft. Mr. Fish and the Alabama Claims: A Chapter in Diplomatic History. Boston, 1893.

——-. Mr. Sumner, the Alabama Claims, and Their Settlement. New York, 1878.

Davis, Jefferson. The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government. New York, 1881.

Dillard, Walter Scott. “The United States Military Academy, 1865–1900: The Uncertain Years.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Washington, 1972.

Dodge, Grenville M. “Personal Recollections of General Grant and His Campaigns in the West.” In Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, New York Commandry, Personal Recollections of the War of the Rebellion, 3d series, pp. 347–72. New York, 1907.

——-. Personal Recollections of President Abraham Lincoln, General Ulysses S. Grant, and General William T. Sherman. Council Bluffs, Iowa, 1914.

——-. “Personal Recollections of Some of Our Great Commanders in the Civil War.” In Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, New York Commandry, Personal Recollections of the War of the Rebellion, 3d series, pp. 207–27. New York, 1907.

Donald, David Herbert. Charles Sumner and the Rights of Man. New York, 1970.

——-. Lincoln Reconsidered: Essays on the Civil War Era. New York, 1956.

——-. The Politics of Reconstruction, 1863–1867. Baton Rouge, 1965.

——-. ed. Why the North Won the Civil War. Baton Rouge, 1960.

Dorris, Jonathan T. Pardon and Amnesty under Lincoln and Johnson: The Restoration of the Confederates to their Rights and Privileges, 1861–1898. Chapel Hill, N. C., 1953.

——-. “Pardoning the Leaders of the Confederacy.” Mississippi Valley Historical Review 15 (June 1928):3–21.

——-. “Pardon Seekers and Brokers: A Sequel to Appomattox.” Journal of Southern History 1 (Aug. 1935):276–92.

Duberman, Martin. Charles Francis Adams, 1807–1886. Boston, 1961.

——-. James Russell Lowell. Boston, 1966.

Dunning, William A. Reconstruction, Political and Economic, 1865–1877. New York, 1907.

DuPont, Samuel F. A Selection of His Civil War Letters. Edited by John D. Hayes. 3 vols. Ithaca, N.Y., 1969.

Durbin, E. F. M., and Bowlby, John. Personal Aggressiveness and War. London, 1939.

Durden, Robert F. James Shepherd Pike: Republicanism and the American Negro, 1850–1882. Durham, N.C., 1957.

Early, Jubal A. War Memoirs. Edited and with an introduction by Frank E. Vandiver. Bloomington, Ind., 1960.

Eaton, Dorman B. Civil Service in Great Britain: A History of Abuses and Reforms and Their Bearing upon American Politics. New York, 1881.

Eaton, John, with Mason, Ethel Osgood. Grant, Lincoln and the Freedmen. New York, 1907.

Ellis, John B. The Sights and Secrets of the National Capital. Chicago, 1869.

Ellis, Joseph, and Moore, Robert. School for Soldiers: West Point and the Profession of Arms. New York, 1974.

Ellis, Richard N., ed. The Western American Indian. Lincoln, Nebr., 1972.

Emerson, John W. “Grant’s Life in the West and His Mississippi Campaigns.” Midland Monthly 6–11 (Oct. 1896–May/June 1899).

[Federal Writers’ Project, Work Projects Administration.] Entertaining a Nation: The Career of Long Branch. Bayonne, N.J., 1940.

Fels, Rendig. American Business Cycles, 1865–1897. Chapel Hill, N.C., 1959.

Felton, Rebecca Latimer. Country Life in Georgia in the Days of My Youth. Atlanta, 1919.

——-. My Memoirs of Georgia Politics. Atlanta, 1911.

Fessenden, Francis. Life and Public Services of William Pitt Fessenden. 2 vols. Boston, 1907.

Ficklen, John Rose. History of Reconstruction in Louisiana (through 1868). Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science, series 28. Baltimore, 1910.

Fiske, A. S. Our Dead Hero. Pamphlet. Ithaca, N.Y., 1885.

Foner, Eric. Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party before the Civil War. New York, 1970.

Foote, Henry S. War of the Rebellion; or, Scylla and Charybdis. New York, 1866.

Foote, Shelby. The Civil War: A Narrative. 3 vols. New York, 1958–74.

Ford, Worthington C., ed. A Cycle of Adams Letters, 1861–1865. 2 vols. Boston, 1920.

Forgie, George B. Patricide in the House Divided: A Psychological Interpretation of Lincoln and His Age. New York, 1979.

Forney, John W. Anecdotes of Public Men, 2 vols. New York, 1873–81.

Fowler, Wilton B. “A Carpetbagger’s Conversion to White Supremacy.” North Carolina Historical Review 43 (July 1966):286–304.

Franklin, John Hope. Reconstruction after the Civil War. Chicago, 1961.

Frederickson, George M. The Inner Civil War: Northern Intellectuals and the Crisis of the Union. New York, 1965.

Freeman, Douglas Southall. R. E. Lee: A Biography. 4 vols. New York, 1934–35.

Fritz, Henry E. The Movement for Indian Assimilation, 1860–1890. Philadelphia, 1963.

Frost, John. The Mexican War and Its Warriors. New Haven and Philadelphia, 1848.

Fuller, J. F. C. The Generalship of Ulysses S. Grant. New York, 1929.

——-. Grant and Lee: A Study in Personality and Generalship. Bloomington, Ind., 1957.

——-. A Military History of the Western World. 3 vols. New York, 1954–56.

Garfield, James A. The Diary of James A. Garfield. Edited and with an introduction by Harry J. Brown and Frederick D. Williams. 3 vols. East Lansing, Mich., 1967–73.

——-. The Works of James Abram Garfield. Edited by Burke A. Hinsdale. 2 vols. Boston, 1882–83.

Garland, Hamlin. Hamlin Garland’s Diaries. Edited by Donald Pizer. San Marino, Calif., 1968.

——-. Ulysses S. Grant: His Life and Character. New York, 1898.

Gates, Paul W. “Federal Land Policy in the South, 1866–1888.” Journal of Southern History 6 (Aug. 1940):303–30.

Gerteis, Louis S. From Contraband to Freedman: Federal Policy toward Southern Blacks, 1861–1865. Westport, Conn., 1973.

Gillette, William. Retreat from Reconstruction, 1869–1879. Baton Rouge, 1979.

——-. The Right to Vote: Politics and the Passage of the Fifteenth Amendment. Baltimore, 1965.

Ginker, P. R.; Spregel, J. P.; and Major, M. C. Men under Stress. Philadelphia, 1945.

Goetzmann, William H. Army Exploration in the American West, 1803–1863. New Haven, 1960.

——-. When the Eagle Screamed: The Romantic Horizon in American Diplomacy, 1800–1860. New York, 1966.

Goldhurst, Richard. Many Are the Hearts: The Agony and the Triumph of Ulysses S. Grant. New York, 1978.

Gordon, John B. Reminiscences of the Civil War. New York, 1903.

Gorham, G. C. Life and Public Services of Edwin M. Stanton. 2 vols. Boston, 1899.

Grant, Arthur H. The Grant Family: A Genealogical History of the Descendants of Matthew Grant…Poughkeepsie, N.Y., 1898.

Grant, Frederick D. “A Boy’s Experience at Vicksburg.” In Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, New York Commandry, Personal Recollections of the War of the Rebellion, 3d series, pp. 86–100. New York, 1907.

Grant, Jesse R. In the Days of My Father, General Grant. New York, 1925.

Grant, Julia D. Personal Memoirs of Julia Dent Grant. Edited by John Y. Simon. New York, 1975.

Grant, Ulysses S. “The Battle of Shiloh.” Century Magazine 29 (Feb. 1885):593–613.

——-. Conversations and Unpublished Letters. Edited by Michael J. Cramer. New York, 1897.

——-. General Grant’s Letters to a Friend [Elihu B. Washburne], 1861–1880. Introduction and notes by James Grant Wilson. New York, 1897.

——-. “Grant’s Letters to His Missouri Farm Tenants.” Edited by LeRoy H. Fischer. Agricultural History 21 (1947):26–42.

——-. Letters of Ulysses S. Grant to His Father and His Youngest Sister, 1857–78. Edited by Jesse Grant Cramer. New York, 1912.

——-. The Papers of Ulysses S. Grant. Edited by John Y. Simon. 8 vols. to date. Carbondale, Ill., 1967—.

——-. Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant. 2 vols. New York, 1885–86.

——-. “The Siege of Vicksburg.” Century Magazine 30 (Sept. 1885):752–65.

Grant, Ulysses S., 3rd. Ulysses S. Grant, Warrior and Statesman. New York, 1969.

Green, Constance McLaughlin. The Secret City: A History of Race Relations in the Nation’s Capital. Princeton, 1967.

Green, Horace. General Grant’s Last Stand: A Biography. New York, 1936.

Gresham, Matilda McGrain. Life of Walter Quintin Gresham, 1832–1895. 2 vols. Chicago, 1919.

Griffith, Helen. Dauntless in Mississippi: The Life of Sarah A. Dickey, 1838–1904. South Hadley, Mass., 1965.

Grinker, Roy R., and Spiegel, John P. Men Under Stress. Philadelphia, 1945.

Hardy, Osgood. “Ulysses S. Grant, President of the Mexican Southern Railroad.” Pacific Historical Review 24 (1955):111–20.

Harris, William C. The Day of the Carpetbagger: Republican Reconstruction in Mississippi. Baton Rouge, 1979.

——-. Presidential Reconstruction in Mississippi. Baton Rouge, 1967.

Hart, Albert Bushnell. Salmon Portland Chase. Boston, 1899.

Haworth, Paul L. The Hayes-Tilden Disputed Election of 1876. Cleveland, 1906.

Hay, John. Lincoln and the Civil War in the Diaries and Letters of John Hay. Selected and with an introduction by Tyler Dennett. New York, 1939.

Hayes, Rutherford B. Diary and Letters of Rutherford Birchard Hayes, Nineteenth President of the United States. Edited by Charles R. Williams. 5 vols. Columbus, Ohio, 1922–26.

Headley, P. C. The Hero Boy; or, The Life and Deeds of Lieut.-Gen. Grant. New York, 1864.

——-. The Life and Campaigns of General U. S. Grant. New York, 1868.

Healy, G. P. A. Reminiscences of a Portrait Painter. Chicago, 1894.

Henry, George Selden, Jr. “Radical Republican Policy toward the Negro during Reconstruction, 1862–72.” Ph.D. dissertation, Yale University, 1963.

Henry, Robert Selph. The Story of the Mexican War. Indianapolis, 1950.

Hesseltine, William B. Ulysses S. Grant, Politician. New York, 1935.

Hewitt, Abram S. Selected Writings of Abram S. Hewitt. Edited by Allan Nevins, with an introduction by Nicholas M. Butler. New York, 1937.

Hirshon, Stanley P. Grenville M. Dodge, Soldier, Politician, Railroad Pioneer. Bloomington, Ind., 1967.

The History of Brown County, Ohio. Chicago, 1883.

Hittle, J. D. The Military Staff: Its History and Development. 3d ed. Harrisburg, Pa., 1961.

Hoar, George F. Autobiography of Seventy Years. 2 vols. New York, 1903.

Hobsbawm, E. J. The Age of Capital, 1848–1875. New York, 1975.

Hoeveler, J. David, Jr. “Reconstruction and the Federal Courts: The Civil Rights Act of 1875.” Historian 31 (Aug. 1969):604–17.

Holt, Thomas. Black over White: Negro Political Leadership in South Carolina during Reconstruction. Urbana, Ill., 1977.

Hoogenboom, Ari. Outlawing the Spoils: A History of the Civil Service Reform Movement, 1865–1883. Urbana, Ill., 1961.

Hoppin, James Mason. Life of Andrew Hull Foote. New York, 1874.

Horn, Stanley F. The Army of Tennessee: A Military History. New York, 1941.

Hotchkiss, Jedediah. Make a Map of the Valley. Edited by A. P. McDonald. Dallas, 1976.

Howard, Michael. Studies in War and Peace. New York, 1971.

Howard, O. O. Autobiography of Oliver Otis Howard, Major General, United States Army. 2 vols. New York, 1907.

Howland, Edward. Grant as a Soldier and Statesman. London, 1868.

Hyman, Harold M. “Johnson, Stanton and Grant: A Reconsideration of the Army’s Role in the Events Leading to Impeachment.” American Historical Review 66 (Oct. 1960):85–100.

——-. A More Perfect Union: The Impact of the Civil War and Reconstruction on the Constitution. New York, 1973.

Jackson, Helen Hunt. Century of Dishonor. New York, 1881.

Jellison, Charles A. Fessenden of Maine: Civil War Senator. Syracuse, 1962.

Johnson, Willis Fletcher. Life of Wm. Tecumseh Sherman. Philadelphia, 1891.

Johnston, Joseph E. Narrative of Military Operations Directed during the Late War between the States. Bloomington, Ind., 1959.

Jomini, Antoine Henri. Summary of the Art of War…. New York, 1854.

Jones, George R. Joseph Russell Jones. Chicago, 1964.

Jones, J. William. Life and Letters of Robert Edward Lee. New York, 1906.

Jordan, David M. Roscoe Conkling of New York: Voice in the Senate. Ithaca, N.Y., 1971.

Keegan, John. The Face of Battle. London, 1976.

Kincaid, Larry G. “Victims of Circumstance: An Interpretation of Changing Attitudes toward Republican Policy Makers and Reconstruction.” Journal of American History 57 (June 1970):48–66.

King, Charles. The True Ulysses S. Grant. Philadelphia, 1914.

Korn, Bertram Wallace. American Jewry and the Civil War. Philadelphia, 1951.

Krug, Mark M. Lyman Trumbull: Conservative Radical. New York, 1965.

Kutler, Stanley I. Judicial Power and Reconstruction Politics. Chicago, 1968.

Lang, Andrew. Life, Letters, and Diaries of Sir Stafford Northcote, First Earl of Iddesleigh. Edinburgh, 1891.

Lansden. John McMurray. A History of the City of Cairo, Illinois. Carbondale, Ill., 1976.

Latham, Henry. Black and White: A Journal of a Three Month’s Tour in the United States. London and Philadelphia, 1867.

Leech, Margaret. Reveille in Washington, 1860–1865. New York, 1941.

Leslie, Leigh. “Grant and Galena.” Midland Monthly 4 (Sept. 1895):195–215.

Lewis, Lloyd. Captain Sam Grant. Boston, 1950.

Lincoln, Abraham. Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln. Edited by Roy P. Basler. 9 vols. New Brunswick, N.J., 1953–55.

Litwack, Leon. Been in the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery. New York, 1979.

Long, E. B., with Long, Barbara. The Civil War Day by Day: An Almanac, 1861–1865. New York, 1971.

Longford, Elizabeth. Queen Victoria: Born to Succeed. New York, 1965.

Longstreet, James. From Manassas to Appomattox: Memoirs of the Civil War in America. New York, 1969.

Loth, David G. Public Plunder: A History of Graft in America. New York, 1938.

Lothrop, Thornton Kirkland. William Henry Seward. Boston, 1899.

Low, W. A. “The Freedmen’s Bureau and Civil Rights in Maryland.” Journal of Negro History 37 (July 1952):221–47.

Lowell, James Russell. The Poetical Works of James Russell Lowell. Edited and with an introduction by Marjorie R. Kaufman. Boston, 1978.

Lowenfels, Walter, ed. Walt Whitman’s Civil War. New York, 1961.

Luvaas, Jay. The Military Legacy of the Civil War. Chicago, 1959.

Lyman, Payson W. The Career and Character of Gen. Ulysses S. Grant. An Address Delivered in the Cong’l. Church, Belchertown, at the Grant Memorial Service, August, 1885…. Belchertown, Mass., 1885.

Lyman, Theodore. Meade’s Headquarters, 1863–1865: Letters of Colonel Theodore Lyman from the Wilderness to Appomattox. Selected and edited by George R. Agassiz. Boston, 1922.

Lynch, John R. The Facts of Reconstruction. New York, 1968.

Macartney, C. E. N. Grant and His Generals. New York, 1953.

Mahan, Dennis H. An Elementary Treatise on Advanced-Guard, OutPost, and Detachment Service of Troops… New York, 1847.

Mann, Charles S. “The Bucks and Montgomery County Kindred of General U. S. Grant.” In Historical Sketches: A Collection of Papers Prepared for the Historical Society of Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, 1915, pp. 218–36. Norristown, Pa., 1925.

Mantell, Martin E. Johnson, Grant, and the Politics of Reconstruction. New York, 1973.

Mardock, Robert Winston. The Reformers and the American Indian. Columbia, Mo., 1971.

Marshall, Charles. An Aide-de-Camp of Lee. Edited by Frederick Maurice. Boston, 1927.

Marshall, Edward Chauncey. The Ancestry of General Grant, and Their Contemporaries. New York, 1869.

Marshall-Cornwall, James. Grant as Military Commander. London, 1970.

Martin, Asa Earl. After the White House. State College, Pa., 1951.

Mayer, George H. The Republican Party, 1854–1964. New York, 1967.

Mayes, Edward. Lucius Q. C. Lamar: His Life, Times, and Speeches, 1825–1893. Nashville, 1896.

McCabe, James Dabney [Edward Winslow Martin]. Behind the Scenes in Washington. New York, 1873.

McCall, Samuel Walker. Thaddeus Stevens. Boston, 1899.

McClellan, Carswell. The Personal Memoirs and Military History of U. S. Grant versus the Record of the Army of the Potomac. Boston, 1887.

McCormick, Robert R. Ulysses S. Grant: The Great Soldier of America. New York, 1934.

McCulloch, Hugh. Men and Measures of Half a Century. New York, 1889.

McDonald, John. Secrets of the Great Whiskey Ring; and Eighteen Months in the Penitientiary, Containing a Complete Exposure of the Illicit Whisky Frauds Culminating in 1875…to Which Is Added the Author’s Remarkable Experiences While a Convict…. St. Louis, 1880.

McElroy, Robert M. Levi Parsons Morton: Banker, Diplomat and Statesman. New York, 1930.

McFeely, William S. “Andrew Johnson” and “Ulysses S. Grant.” In C. Vann Woodward, ed., Responses of the Presidents to Charges of Misconduct. New York, 1974.

——-. Yankee Stepfather: General O. O. Howard and the Freedmen. New York, 1970.

McKinney, Francis F. Education in Violence: The Life of George H. Thomas and the History of the Army of the Cumberland. Detroit, 1961.

McKitrick, Eric L. Andrew Johnson and Reconstruction. Chicago, 1960.

McPherson, Edward. The Political History of the United States of America during the Great Rebellion. Washington, D.C., 1865.

——-. The Political History of the United States of America during the Period of Reconstruction. Washington, D.C., 1880.

McPherson, James M. The Abolitionist Legacy: From Reconstruction to the NAACP. Princeton, 1975.

——-. Marching toward Freedom: The Negro in the Civil War. New York, 1968.

——-. The Struggle for Equality: Abolitionists and the Negro in the Civil War and Reconstruction. Princeton, 1964.

McWhiney, Grady, ed. Grant, Lee, Lincoln and the Radicals: Essays on Civil War Leadership. Evanston, Ill., 1964.

Meade, George. The Life and Letters of George Gordon Meade. 2 vols. New York, 1913.

Merk, Frederick, with Merk, Lois B. Slavery and the Annexation of Texas. New York, 1972.

Miers, Earl Schenck. The Web of Victory: Grant at Vicksburg. New York, 1955.

Montgomery, David. Beyond Equality: Labor and the Radical Republicans, 1862–1872. New York, 1967.

Monton, Charles. “A Boy of Shiloh.” In Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, New York Commandry, Personal Recollections of the War of the Rebellion, 3d series, pp. 52–69. New York, 1907.

Morgan, H. Wayne, ed. The Gilded Age: A Reappraisal. Rev. ed. Syracuse, 1963.

Morrison, James Lunsford. “The United States Military Academy, 1833–1866: Years of Progress and Turmoil.” Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, 1971.

Moss, Michael E. Robert W. Weir of West Point. West Point, N.Y., 1976.

Motley, John Lothrop. The Correspondence of John Lothrop Motley. Edited by George William Curtis. 3 vols. New York, 1900.

Nash, Howard P. Stormy Petrel: The Life and Times of General Benjamin F. Butler, 1818–1893. Rutherford, N.J., 1969.

Nevins, Allan. Abram S. Hewitt, with Some Account of Peter Cooper. New York, 1935.

——-. Hamilton Fish: The Inner History of the Grant Administration. Rev. ed. 2 vols. New York, 1957.

Niven, John. Gideon Welles, Lincoln’s Secretary of the Navy. New York, 1973.

Nugent, Walter T. K. Money and American Society, 1865–1880. New York, 1968.

——-. The Money Question during Reconstruction. New York, 1967.

Oates, Stephen B. With Malice Toward None: The Life of Abraham Lincoln. New York, 1977.

Oberholtzer, Ellis Paxson. A History of the United States since the Civil War. 5 vols. New York, 1917–37.

Olson, James C. Red Cloud and the Sioux Problem. Lincoln, Nebr., 1965.

Osthaus, Carl R. Freedmen, Philanthropy, and Fraud: A History of the Freedman’s Savings Bank. Urbana, Ill., 1976.

Owens, Kenneth N. Galena, Grant, and the Fortunes of War: A History of Galena, Illinois, during the Civil War. DeKalb, Ill., 1963.

Owsley, Frank L. King Cotton Diplomacy: Foreign Relations of the Confederate States of America. Chicago, 1931.

Packard, J. F. Grant’s Tour around the World, with Incidents of His Journey through England, Ireland, Scotland…. Cincinnati, 1880.

Palmer, Loomis T. [L. T. Remlap], ed. The Life of General Grant. Chicago, 1885.

Parker, Arthur C. The Life of General Ely S. Parker, Last Grand Sachem of the Iroquois and General Grant’s Military Secretary. Buffalo, Buffalo Historical Society, 1919.

Payne, Darwin. “Camp Life in the Army of Occupation: Corpus Christi, July 1845 to March 1846.” Southwestern Historical Quarterly 73 (Jan. 1970):326–42.

Pendel, Thomas F. Thirty-six Years in the White House. Washington, D.C., 1902.

Pepper, George W. Personal Recollections of Sherman’s Campaigns, in Georgia and the Carolinas. Zanesville, Ohio, 1866.

Perman, Michael. Reunion without Compromise: The South and Reconstruction, 1865–1868. Cambridge, Eng., 1973.

Phelps, Charles A. Life and Public Services of General Ulysses S. Grant, from his Boyhood to the Present Time. Boston, 1868.

Phillips, Ulrich B., ed. The Correspondence of Robert Toombs, Alexander H. Stephens and Howell Cobb. Annual Report of the American Historical Association for the Year 1911. Vol. 2. Washington, D.C., 1913.

Pierce, Edward L. Memoir and Letters of Charles Sumner. 4 vols. Boston, 1877–93.

Pike, James S. The Prostrate State: South Carolina under Negro Government. New York, 1874.

Pitkin, Thomas M. The Captain Departs: Ulysses S. Grant’s Last Campaign. Carbondale, Ill., 1973.

Pletcher, David M. Rails, Mines, and Progress: Seven American Promoters in Mexico, 1867–1911. Ithaca, N.Y., 1958.

Polakoff, Keith Ian. The Politics of Inertia: The Election of 1876 and the End of Reconstruction. Baton Rouge, 1973.

Pollard, E. A. Southern History of the War. 4 vols. New York, 1863–66.

Poore, Ben Perley. Perley’s Reminiscences of Sixty Years in the National Metropolis. 2 vols. Philadelphia, 1886.

——-, and Tiffany, O. H. Life of U. S. Grant. Philadelphia, 1885.

Porter, David Dixon. Incidents and Anecdotes of the Civil War. New York, 1891.

Porter, Horace. Campaigning with Grant. New York, 1897.

Post, James Louis, comp. Reminiscences by Personal Friends of Gen. U. S. Grant and the History of Grant’s Log Cabin. St. Louis, 1904.

Post, Robert C., ed. 1876: A Centennial Exhibition. Washington, D.C., 1976.

Potter, David M. The Impending Crisis, 1848–1861. New York, 1976.

——-. Lincoln and His Party in the Secession Crisis. New Haven, 1962.

Powell, Lawrence N. “The American Land Company and Agency: John A. Andrew and the Northernization of the South.” Civil War History 21 (Dec. 1975):293–308.

——-. New Masters: Northern Planters during the Civil War and Reconstruction. New Haven, 1980.

Powell, William H. A History of the Organization and Movements of the Fourth Regiment of Infantry, U.S. Army, from May 30, 1796, to December 31, 1870. Washington, D.C., 1871.

Pratt, Fletcher. Stanton, Lincoln’s Secretary of War. New York, 1953.

Pressly, Thomas J. Americans Interpret Their Civil War. New York, 1962.

Prickett, Robert C. “The Malfeasance of William Worth Belknap, Secretary of War, October 13, 1869, to March 2, 1876.” North Dakota History 17 (Jan. 1950):5–51.

Priest, Loring Benson. Uncle Sam’s Stepchildren: The Reformation of United States Indian Policy, 1865–1887. New Brunswick, N.J., 1942.

Prucha, Francis Paul. American Indian Policy in Crisis: Christian Reformers and the Indian, 1865–1900. Norman, Okla., 1976.

Rahill, Peter J. The Catholic Indian Missions and Grant’s Peace Policy, 1870–1884. Washington, D.C., 1953.

Randall, J. G., and Donald, David [Herbert]. The Civil War and Reconstruction. Boston, 1961.

Redesdale, Algernon Bertram Freeman-Mitford, baron. Memories. 2 vols. London, 1915.

Reed, Rowena. Combined Operations in the Civil War. Annapolis, 1978.

Reid, Harvey. The View from Headquarters: Civil War Letters of Harvey Reid. Edited by Frank L. Byrne. Madison, Wis., 1965.

Reid, Wemyss. Life of…William Edward Foster. 2 vols. London, 1888.

Reid, Whitelaw. After the War: A Tour of the Southern States, 1865–1866. New York, 1965.

——-. Ohio in the War: Her Statesmen, Her Generals, and Soldiers. 2 vols. Cincinnati, 1868.

Remlap. L. T., ed. The Life of General U. S. Grant. Chicago, 1885.

Republican Party, National Committee. Life and Services of General U. S. Grant, Conqueror of the Rebellion and Eighteenth President of the United States. Washington, D.C., 1868.

Rhodes, James Ford. Historical Essays. New York, 1909.

——-. History of the United States, 1850–1877. 7 vols. New York, 1892–1906.

Richardson, Albert D. A Personal History of Ulysses S. Grant. Hartford, Conn., 1902.

Richardson, James D., ed. A Compilation of the Messages and Papers of the Presidents, 1789–1897. 10 vols. Washington, D. C., 1896–99.

Riegel, R. E. “The Missouri Pacific Railroad to 1879.” Missouri Historical Review 18 (1923–24):3–26.

Ripley, C. Peter. Slaves and Freedmen in Civil War Louisiana. Baton Rouge, 1976.

Robins, Edward. William T. Sherman. Philadelphia, 1905.

Rose, Willie Lee. Rehearsal for Reconstruction: The Port Royal Experiment. Indianapolis, 1964.

Ross, Ishbel. The General’s Wife: The Life of Mrs. Ulysses S. Grant. New York, 1959.

Rushmore, Elsie Mitchell. The Indian Policy during Grant’s Administration. Jamaica, N.Y., 1914.

Sadler, Christine. Children in the White House. New York, 1967.

Schofield, John M. Forty-six Years in the Army. New York, 1897.

Schouler, James. History of the Reconstruction Period, 1865–1877. New York, 1913.

Schurz, Carl. Intimate Letters of Carl Schurz, 1841–1869. Translated and edited by Joseph Schafer. Madison, Wis., 1928.

——-. The Reminiscences of Carl Schurz. 3 vols. New York, 1907–8.

——-. Speeches, Correspondence and Political Papers of Carl Schurz. Selected and edited by Frederic Bancroft. New York, 1913.

Scudder, Horace Elisha. James Russell Lowell: A Biography. 2 vols. Boston, 1901.

Sefton, James E. “The Impeachment of Andrew Johnson: A Century of Writing.” Civil War History 14 (June 1968):120–47.

——-. The United States Army and Reconstruction, 1865–1877. Baton Rouge. 1967.

Seward, Frederick William. Reminiscences of a War-Time Statesman and Diplomat, 1830–1915. New York, 1916.

Seward, William Henry. The Works of William H. Seward. Edited by George E. Baker. 5 vols. New York, 1853–84.

Sharkey, Robert P. Money, Class, and Party: An Economic Study of Civil War and Reconstruction. Baltimore, 1959.

Shaw, John M. “The Life and Services of General John A. Rawlins.” In Glimpses of the Nation’s Struggle. 3d series. St. Paul, 1893.

Sheehan, Bernard W. Seeds of Extinction: Jeffersonian Philanthropy and the American Indian. Williamsburg, Va., 1973.

Sheffield, Delia B. “Reminiscences of Delia B. Sheffield.” Washington Historical Quarterly 15 (Jan. 1924):49–62.

Sheridan, Philip H. Personal Memoirs of P. H. Sheridan, General, United States Army. 2 vols. New York, 1888.

Sherman, Hoyt. “Personal Recollections of General Grant.” Midland Monthly 9 (Apr. 1898):325–27.

Sherman, John. Recollections of Forty Years in the House, Senate, and Cabinet. 2 vols. New York, 1895.

Sherman, William Tecumseh. Home Letters of General Sherman. Edited by M. A. DeWolfe Howe. New York, 1909.

——-. Memoirs of General William T. Sherman. 2 vols. New York, 1875.

——-. The Sherman Letters: Correspondence between General and Senator from 1837 to 1891. Edited by Rachel Sherman Thorndike. New York, 1894.

Shy, John W. A People Numerous and Armed: Reflections on the Military Struggle for American Independence. New York, 1976.

Silber, Irwin, comp. Songs America Voted By. Harrisburg, Pa., 1971.

Silbey, Joel H. A Respectable Minority: The Democratic Party in the Civil War Era, 1860–1868. New York, 1977.

Simon, John Y. “From Galena to Appomattox: Grant and Washburne.” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 58 (Summer 1965):165–89.

Slattery, Charles Lewis. Felix Reville Brunot, 1820–1898. London, 1901.

Slayden, Ellen Maury. Washington Wife: Journal of Ellen Maury Slayden from 1897–1919. New York, 1963.

Smith, Goldwin Albert. The Treaty of Washington, 1871: A Study in Imperial History. Ithaca, N.Y., 1941.

Smith, Justin H. The War with Mexico. 2 vols. New York, 1919.

Smith, Walter George. Life and Letters of Thomas Kilby Smith. New York, 1898.

Speer, Emory. Lincoln, Lee, Grant, and Other Biographical Addresses. New York, 1909.

Sproat, John G. The Best Men: Liberal Reformers in the Gilded Age. New York, 1968.

——-. “Blueprint for Radical Reconstruction.” Journal of Southern History 23 (Feb. 1957):25–44.

Stampp, Kenneth M. The Era of Reconstruction, 1865–1877. New York, 1965.

Starr, Stephen Z. Jennison’s Jayhawkers: A Civil War Cavalry Regiment and Its Commander. Baton Rouge, 1973.

Stephens, Alexander H. A Constitutional View of the Late War between the States: Its Causes, Character, Conduct and Results Presented in a Series of Colloquies at Liberty Hall. 2 vols. Philadelphia, 1868–70.

Stewart, Edgar I. Custer’s Luck. Norman, Okla., 1955.

Stickles, Arndt Mathias. Simon Bolivar Buckner: Borderland Knight. Chapel Hill, N.C., 1940.

Storey, Moorfield, and Emerson, Edward W. Ebenezer Rockwood Hoar. Boston, 1911.

Stouffer, Samuel A., et al. Studies in Social Psychology in World War II. Princeton. 1949–50.

Strode, Hudson. Jefferson Davis. 3 vols. New York, 1955–64.

Strong, George T. The Diary of George Templeton Strong. Edited by Allan Nevins and Milton H. Thomas. 4 vols. New York, 1952.

Stuart, George H. The Life of George H. Stuart. Edited by Robert E. Thompson. Philadelphia, 1890.

Sumner, Charles. Republicanism vs. Grantism. Speech…Delivered May 31, 1872. New York, 1872.

——-. The Works of Charles Sumner. 15 vols. Boston, 1875–94.

Swift, John Lindsay. About Grant. New York, 1880.

Swinney, Everette. “Enforcing the Fifteenth Amendment, 1870–1877.” Journal of Southern History 28 (May 1962):202–18.

Swinton, William. Campaigns of the Army of the Potomac. New York, 1866.

Sword, Wiley. Shiloh: Bloody April. New York, 1974.

Szabad, Imre. Le Général Grant, Président de la République Américaine. Paris, 1868.

Tansill, Charles C. The United States and Santo Domingo, 1798–1873: A Chapter in Caribbean Diplomacy. Baltimore, 1938.

Tatum, Lawrie. Our Red Brothers and the Peace Policy of President Ulysses S. Grant. 1899. Reprint, with foreword by Richard N. Ellis. Lincoln, Nebr., 1970.

Taylor, Richard. Destruction and Reconstruction: Personal Experiences of the Late War. New York, 1879.

Thayer, William Makepeace. From Tannery to the White House: The Life of Ulysses S. Grant. Boston, 1887.

Thomas, Benjamin P. Abraham Lincoln: A Biography. New York, 1952.

——-, and Hyman, Harold M. Stanton: The Life and Times of Lincoln’s Secretary of War. New York, 1962.

Thomas, Wilbur D. General George H. Thomas, the Indomitable Warrior, Supreme in Defense and in Counterattack: A Biography. New York, 1964.

Thompson, Julius Eric. “Hiram R. Revels, 1827–1901: A Biography.” Ph.D. dissertation, Princeton University, 1973.

Trefousse, Hans L. “The Acquittal of Andrew Johnson and the Decline of the Radicals.” Civil War History 14 (June 1968):148–61.

——-. Ben Butler: The South Called Him Beast. New York, 1957.

——-. Benjamin Franklin Wade: Radical Republican from Ohio. New York, 1963.

——-. Impeachment of a President: Andrew Johnson, the Blacks and Reconstruction. Knoxville, 1975.

——-. The Radical Republicans: Lincoln’s Vanguard for Racial Justice. New York, 1968.

Trelease, Allen W. White Terror: The Ku Klux Klan Conspiracy and Southern Reconstruction. New York, 1971.

Tyler, Mason Whiting. Recollections of the Civil War. Edited by William S. Tyler, New York, 1912.

Unger, Irwin. The Greenback Era: A Social and Political History of American Finance, 1865–1879. Princeton, 1964.

United States Military Academy, West Point. The Centennial of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. 2 vols. Washington, D.C., 1904.

——-. The West Point Atlas of American Wars. Edited by Vincent J. Esposito. 2 vols. New York, 1959.

United States War Department. The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies. Washington, D.C., 1880–1901. Customarily cited as Official Records of the Rebellion.

Utley, Robert M. “The Celebrated Peace Policy of General Grant.” North Dakota History 20 (July 1953):121–42.

Van Deusen, Glyndon G. Horace Greeley: Nineteenth-Century Crusader. New York, 1964.

——-. William Henry Seward. New York, 1967.

Vandiver, Frank E. Jubal’s Raid: General Early’s Famous Attack on Washington in 1864. New York, 1960.

Van Horne, Thomas B. History of the Army of the Cumberland. 2 vols. Cincinnati, 1875.

——-. The Life of Major-General George H. Thomas. New York, 1882.

Voegeli, V. Jacque. Free but Not Equal: The Midwest and the Negro during the Civil War. Chicago, 1967.

Walke, Henry. “The Gun-Boats of Belmont and Fort Henry.” In Battles and Leaders of the Civil War, edited by R. U. Johnson and C. C. Buel, 1:358–67. New York, 1887.

Walker, Cam. “Corinth: The Story of a Contraband Camp.” Civil War History 20 (March 1974):5–22.

Wallace, Lew. Lew Wallace: An Autobiography. 2 vols. New York, 1906.

Warmoth, Henry Clay. War, Politics and Reconstruction: Stormy Days in Louisiana. New York, 1930.

Warner, Ezra J. Generals in Blue: Lives of the Union Commanders. Baton Rouge, 1964.

Warren, Robert Penn. The Legacy of the Civil War: Meditations on the Centennial. New York, 1961.

Washburn, Wilcomb E. The Indian in America. New York, 1975.

Webb, Ross A. Benjamin Helm Bristow: Border State Politician. Lexington, Ky., 1969.

Wecter, Dixon. The Hero in America: A Chronicle of Hero Worship. New York, 1941.

Weichmann, Louis J. A True History of the Assassination of Abraham Lincoln and of the Conspiracy of 1865. New York, 1975.

Weigley, Russell F. The American Way of War: A History of United States Military Strategy and Policy. New York, 1973.

——-. History of the United States Army. New York, 1967.

——-. Quartermaster General of the Union Army: A Biography of M. C. Meigs. New York, 1959.

——-. Towards an American Army: Military Thought from Washington to Marshall. New York, 1962.

Weinstein, Allen. Prelude to Populism: Origins of the Silver Issue, 1867–1878. New Haven, 1970.

——-. “Was There a ‘Crime of 1873’? The Case of the Demonetized Dollar.” Journal of American History 54 (Sept. 1967):307–26.

Welles, Gideon. Diary. Edited by Howard K. Beale, assisted by Alan W. Brownsword. 3 vols. New York, 1960.

Welles, Sumner. Naboth’s Vineyard: The Dominican Republic, 1844–1924. 2 vols. New York, 1928.

Wells, O. V. “The Depression of 1873–1879.” Agricultural History 11 (1937):237–49.

Westwood, Howard C. “Lincoln and the Hampton Roads Peace Conference.” Lincoln Herald 81 (Winter 1979):243–56.

Wharton, Vernon Lane. The Negro in Mississippi, 1865–1890. New York, 1965.

White, Horace. The Life of Lyman Trumbull. Boston, 1913.

Wiley, Bell Irvin. The Common Soldier of the Civil War. New York, 1977.

——-. The Life of Billy Yank, the Common Soldier of the Union. Indianapolis, 1952.

——-. The Life of Johnny Reb, the Common Soldier of the Confederacy. Indianapolis, 1943.

Williams, Kenneth P. Lincoln Finds a General: A Military Study of the Civil War. 5 vols. New York, 1949–59.

Williams, T. Harry. McClellan, Sherman and Grant. New Brunswick, N.J., 1962.

Williamson, Joel. After Slavery: The Negro in South Carolina during Reconstruction, 1861–1877. Chapel Hill, N.C., 1965.

Wilson, Edmund. Patriotic Gore: Studies in the Literature of the American Civil War. New York, 1962.

Wilson, James Grant. General Grant. New York, 1897.

——-. The Life and Public Services of Ulysses Simpson Grant. New York, 1885.

Wilson, James Harrison. The Life of Charles A. Dana. New York, 1907.

——-. Life of John A. Rawlins: Lawyer, Assistant Adjutant-General, Chief of Staff, Major General of Volunteers, and Secretary of War. New York, 1916.

——-. Under the Old Flag. 2 vols. New York, 1912.

Winks, Robin W. Canada and the United States: The Civil War Years. Baltimore, 1960.

Wister, Owen. “Ulysses S. Grant.” In Beacon Biographies of Eminent Americans, edited by M. A. DeWolfe Howe. Boston, 1911.

——-. Ulysses S. Grant. Boston, 1901.

Wolf, Lucien. Life of the First Marquess of Ripon…. 2 vols. London, 1921.

Woodward, C. Vann. American Counterpoint: Slavery and Racism in the North-South Dialogue. Boston, 1971.

——-. The Burden of Southern History. Baton Rouge, 1960.

——-. Reunion and Reaction: The Compromise of 1877 and the End of Reconstruction. Boston, 1951.

——-. ed. Responses of the Presidents to Charges of Misconduct. New York, 1974.

Woodward, William E. Meet General Grant. New York, 1928.

Woodworth, Charles Louis. A Commemorative Discourse on the Work and Character of Ulysses Simpson Grant. Pamphlet. Boston, 1885.

Wright, A. O. General Grant’s Military Service. Pamphlet. n.d.

Young, John Russell. Around the World with General Grant. 2 vols. New York, 1879.

Young, Mary E. “Congress Looks West: Liberal Ideology and Public Land Policy in the Nineteenth Century.” In The Frontier in American Development. Edited by David M. Ellis. Ithaca, N.Y., 1969.

Zimmerman, Joan Grace. “Free Soil for the South? Views of the Economic Future of the Sea Islands, 1861–1867.” M. A. thesis, University of Virginia, 1973.