INDEX

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al-ʿAbbas b. Muhammad Saganogo

ʿAbdallah Bakathir

ʿAbdalla b. Haji Mkwanda

ʿAbd Allah Niasse

ʿAbdalla Saleh al-Farsy

ʿAbd al-Qadir al-Jilani

ʿAbd al-Qadir Kan

ʿAbd al-Rahman al-Mahdi

ʿAbd al-Rahman Qasim

ʿAbd al-Rahman Zaghaite

ʿAbd al-Ralf

ʿAbd al-Salam Shaun

ʿAbd al-Salam Shebang

ʿAbd al-Wahhab

ʿAbdul-ʿAziz b. ʿAbdul-Ghani

Abubakar Gummi

Abu Bakr b. Ali Kunate

Abu Bakr Effendi

Abu Bakr Kato

Abu Bakr al-Siddiq

Abu Bakr b. ʿUmar

Abu Ishaq al-Sahili

Abuʾl-Hasan al-Shadhili

Adal

Aden

al-Afghani, Jamal al-Din

Shaykh Ahmad

Ahmad Baba

Ahmad b. Sumayt

Ahmad b. Yahya al-Wansharisi

Ahmad Gran

Ahmad Hamallah and Hammallism

Ahmad ibn Idris

Ahmadiyya

Ahmadou Kourouma

Ahmadu Bamba

Ahmadu Bello

Ahmadu Lobo

Akan

Alawids

ʿAlawiyya

alfas

Algeria

ʿAli al-Mirghani

ʿAli b. Abdallah Mazrui

ʿAli Ghaji Dunama

Almohads

Almoravids

Amharic

al-Amin b. ʿAli Mazrui

Amin, Idi

amulets, charms, and divining

Anglo-Egyptian Condominium

Angoche

Aqit family

Arabia

Saudi

Arabic

education

literacy

Arabs

arma

Arnaud, Robert

Asante

Askia Dawud

Askia Ismaʿil

Askia Muhammad

Askia Musa

associations. See also isnad and silsila

Attahim dan Ahmadu

Awdaghust

Aw Yusuf Barkhadle

Azhar

Baghirmi

Bahaud-Din Zakariyya

al-Bakri, Abu Ubayd ʿAbd Allah. See also Muhammad al-Bakri

Bakwata

Bambara

Bambuk/Bambuhu

Banda, Hastings

Bantu languages

Bantu-speakers

baqt treaty

baraka

Barawa/Brava

Barghash b. Said al-Busaidi

Shaykh Barkhandle

Bédié, Henri Konan

Beja

Benadir coast

Berbers. See also names of individual groups

Biafran War

Bighu/Begho

Bilad al-Sudan, chap. 3

Birago Diop

Biton Kulibali

Black Volta, chap 4

Bonduku

Bori

Bornu

Boure

Brava. See Barawa/Brava

Brevié, Jules

British

British colonialism

Buganda

Buna

Bundu

burnus

Busaidi

Cairo

Caliphs

Abbasid

Umayyad

Cape Colony/Cape Town

Cayor/Kayor

Chad

Chatelier, Alfred Le

chiefs and kings. See also names of individuals

China

Christians. See also missionaries and proselytization

Copts

Roman Catholics and Catholicism

clerics. See ʿulamaʾ

colonialism. See British; French; Germans; Italian colonialism; Portuguese

Comoro Islands

Congo

conversion (to Islam)

Coppolani, Paul

Côte d’Ivoire

Cushitic. See also Oromo; Somalis

Dada Masiti

Dagomba

Dahlak Islands

Dandarawiyya

Dan Marina. See Muhammad al-Sabbagh

Dar Fur

decolonization

Delafosse, George

Deniankobe, of Fur a Toro

Dia. See Zagha

disease, chap. 21

diviners (Muslim)

Do

Dogon

Dunama

Dutch

Dutch East India Co.

Dyula. See Juula

education and scholarship

Islamic

Western

womenʿs

See also Arabic

Egypt and Egyptians

Eritrea

Ethiopia

Fadiliyya

Faidherbe, Louis

Fatimids

Fez

Fezzan

fiqh/fuqahaʾ

Frelimo

French

French colonialism

Fulbe/Fulani

Fulfulde/Pulaar language and literature

Furno Liyongo

fundamentalism (Islamic). See also Wahhabis

Funj. See also Sinnar

Futa Jallon

Fura Toro

Gao

Germans

German colonialism

Ghana kingdom

Ghana (nation)

al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid

Gnawa

Gobir

Gonja

Gouilly, Alphonse

Gozo

Grang, John

Guinea

Hadhramaur and Hadhramis

hadith

Hafziyya

Haile Salassie

hajj. See pilgrimage

al-Hajj ʿUmar. See ʿUmar Tal

Hamad al-Wangari

Hamawiyya

Hamdullahi

Shayk Hamidou Kane

Hampate Ba

Hanafis and Hanafi law

Harar

Hasan al-Banna

Hasan al-Turabi

Hassan, Banu

Hassan al-Mirghani

Hausa

Hausa language and literature

Hausaland. See also names of individual city-states

Houphouët-Boigny, Félix

Husayn b. Mahmud

Husayn of Bale

Ibadi(s)

Ibn Battuta

Ibn Yasin, Abdallah

Ibrahim Maje

Ibrahim Muhaddis Qadiri

Ibrahim al-Rashid

Ibrahim Tahir

Mai Idris Alawma

Idrisiyya

Igbo

imamate

India and Indians

Indian Ocean

Indian Ocean trade

Indonesia

infidels

Iran

Islam Noir

Ismaʿil Kamagate

Ismaʿiliyya

isnad/asanid

Italian colonialism

Ja. See Zagha

Jakhanke

jallaba

Jallal al-Din al-Suyuti

jamaʾa. See associations

Jamaʾat Tabligh

Jamal al-Layl, clan

Java

Jenne

jihad

Jolof

Juddala

Juula

Kaarta

Kabora

Kaduna

kalifo

Kamagate

Kamara Laye

Kamba

Kanem

al-Kanemi, Muhammad al-Amin

Kankan

Kano

Kanuri

Kaolack

karamoko. See under ʿulamaʾ

Karamo Sa Watara

Karamo Togma

Katsina

Kawkaw

Kayar. See Cayar

Keita, Modibo

Kenya

Kenyatta, Jomo

Khalid Balala

Khalwatiyya

Kharijis (Khawarij). See also Ibadis

Khatmiyya

Kilwa

Kofi Kakari

Koli Tengella

Koma (secret society)

Kong

Kordofan

Kumbi Saleh

Kunta

al-Kunti, Sidi Mukhtar

Kutama

Kwakll Dua Panin

Lamu

law (Islamic). See also names of individual sects

Libya

Lugard, Frederick

Ma al-Aynayn

Madagascar

madrasas

al-Maghili, Muhammad b. Abd al-Karim

Maghrib

Mahdi (Muhammad Ahmad)

mahdis and mahdism

Mahdiyya

Mahmud ibn ʿUmar Aqit

Mahmud Karantaw

Mahmudiyya

Maitatsine. See Muhammad Marwa

Makonde

Makua

Maklllu, Jamil

Makuria

Malal

Malawi

Malays (Cape)

Mali (kingdom of)

Mali (nation of)

Maliki law

Malik Sy

Malindi

Malinke. See Manding

mallamati. See under ʿulamaʾ

Mamadou Dia

Mamprussi

Manden. See Manding

Manding/Mandingue/Mandinke

Mansa Musa

Mansa Suiayman

Manyema

marabouts. See also zawiya

Mardykers

Marka (town of)

Marka/Marika

Marrakesh

Marty, Paul

Masina/Massina

Masmuda

Massufa

Mauritania

mawlids

Mende

Menelik

merchants and trade

Mijikenda

Mirambo

Miriama Ba

missionaries and proselytizing, Christian

Modibo Muhammad al-Kabori

Mogadishu

Mohammad Zaki

Moi, Daniel Arap

Mombasa

Morocco

mosques and schools

Mossi

Mourides, murid See Muridiyya.

Mozambique

Mrima coast

Mtumwa bti. ʿAli b. Yusuf

Muhammad Abdallah Hasan

Muhammad ʿAbduh

Muhammad al-Bakri

Muhammad ʿAli Pasha

Muhammad Bello

Muhammad al-Buni

Muhammad Duguri

Muhammad Marhaba Saganogo

Muhammad Maʾrufb. Sh. Ahmad

Muhammad Marwa (Maitatsine)

Muhammad al-Muqrani

Muhammad al-Mustafa b. ʿAbbas Saganogo

Muhammad Rumfa

Muhammad al-Sabbagh

Muhammad h. Salih al-Rashidi

Muhammad Shafiʿi b. Askari

Muhammad ʿUthman al-Mirghani

Muhammadiyya

Mukhtariyya

Mukhtasar of Khalil b. Ishaq

Mumia’s (Wanga people)

Muridiyya

Musaveni, Yoweri

Musawwa

Muslim Brotherhood

Mutesa

Muwatta of Malik ibn Anas

Mwinyi, ʿAli Hassan

Nana Asmaʾu

Nasir al-Din

National Salvation Revolution

N’Gazargamu

Ngolo Diara

Niasiyya

Niger

Nigeria; northern

Nkhotakota

Nkrumah, Kwame

Nubia

Nubians

Numayri, Jaʾfar

Nyamwezi

Nyerere, Julius

Oman and Omanis. See also Busaidi

Opoku Ware

Organization of the Islamic Conference

Oromo

Osei Tutu

Ottomans

Ouattara, Alhassane

Pan-Islam

Park, Mungo

Parti démocratique de Guinée

Pate

Pemba

Persian Gulf

Persians

pilgrimage (hajj)

Pir

Pokomo

Ponty, William

Portuguese

preachers and holy men (Muslim)

al-Qabisi

Qadiriyya

qadis

Qallu

Qanbalu (Ras Mkumbuu)

Qayrawan

Quran

Quran exegesis

Quran reciting

Quran schools

Quran studies

Quran teachers

Rabih Fadl Allah

radicalism (Islamic)

Shaykh Ramiyya

Rashidiyya

Red Sea

reforms and reformers

Renamo

renewal (mujaddidun)

revivalism

ribats

Risala, of Ibn Abi Zayd

Rwanda

Saʿdids

Sag(h)anogo

Sahara

trans-Saharan trade

Sahel

Saifawa dynasty

Salihiyya

Salim Suwari

Suwarian position

Sammaniyya

Samori Touré (Ture)

Sanhaja

Sankore (mosque and scholars)

al-Sanusi, Muhammad ibn ʿAli

Sanusiyya

Sawakin

Segeju

Segu

Seku Alrmadu

Senegal

Senegal River

Senegambia

Senghor, Léopold S.

Shadhiliyya

Shafiʿi law

Shah Ghulum Muuad Soofie Siddiqui

Shanga

shariʿa. See also law

sharif/shurafaʾ. See also Alawids and Jamal al-Layl

Sharr Baba

Shatariyya

Sheku Ahmadu. See Seku Ahmadu

Shewa

al-Shifaal-Mustafo of Iyad b. Musa al-Sabti

Shiʿi(s). See also Fatimids

Ismaʿilis

Shirazi

Shona

Sidi Yahya

Shaykh Sidiya

silsila

Sinnar

slaves and slave trade

Sofala

Sokna Magat Diop

Sokota

Somalia

Somali language and literature

Somalis

Songhay kingdom

Soninke. See also Maraka

Sonni ʿAli

sorcerers

South Africa

spirit possession

Sudan (nation of)

Sudan (Nilotic), Chapter 5

Sudan Peoples Liberation Army

Sudanese

sufis and sufism, chap. 20. See also tariqas

Suhrawardiyya

Sulayman b. ʿAbdallah Bagavogo

Sulayman Bal

Suna

Sunjata

Sunni Islam and Sunnis

Suwarian tradition. See Salim Suwari

al-Suyuti, Jalal al-Din

Swahili

Swahili civilization and culture

Swahili language and literature

Tabara

Tafiir al-Jalalayn

Takcdda

Takrur

Shaykh Talha

Tanga

Tanganyika/Tanzania

tariqas. See also names of individual tariqas

Tayib Saleh

Tengella

al-Tijani, Ahmad

Tijaniyya

Timbuktu

Tippu Tip

Tokolor

Torodbe/Toronkawa

Touré, Sékou

Tuareg

Ibn Tuman, Abdallah

Tunisia

twaliki-sukuti controversy

Uganda

Ujiji

ʿulamaʾ (scholars)

karamoko

mallamati

ʿUmar Hasan al-Bashir

ʿUmar ibn Muhammad Aqit

ʿUmar Tal (al-Hajj)

ʿUthman dan Fodio

Uways Muhammad Muhyi al-Din

Wa

Wadai

Wagadugu

Wahhabis and Wahhabism

Walashma dynasty

Walata

Walo

Wangara/Wangarawa

waqf

War Dabi

Warsha

Watara, Shehu

Watawit

Welo

White Flag League

Wolof

women. See also education

women’s associations

women’s dress

women’s status

Yahya al-Tadilsi

Yaji

Yaʿmuru Tarawiri

Yan Izala

Yao

Yashrutiyya

Yatenga

Yemen

Yifat

Yoruba

Yorubaland

Shaykh Yusuf

Yusuf Kasama

Zagha

Zaghawa

Zambia

Zanj

Zanzibar

Zanzibar Sultanate. See also Busaidi

Zaria

zawiyalzawayalzwaya. See also marabouts and ribats

Zayla/Zeila

Zimbabwe. See also Shona

Znaga

al-Zubayr Rahma Mansur