ote: I am particularly indebted to writers Steve Fielding, Geoffrey Abbott and Derek Yarwood for their excursions into hangman history. In addition, writers for the various popular magazines listed here helped to open up some of the more obscure tales.
Main Sources
Syd Dernley with David Newman, The Hangman’s Tale (Hale, London), 1989
John Ellis Diary of a Hangman, (True Crime Library, London), 1997
Forshaw (ed) Yorkshire Notes and Queries (Baines, Bradford), 1880
Harold Furniss (Ed.) Famous Crimes: Police Budget Edition, (Furniss, London), 1910
Henry Hawkins Reminiscences of Sir Henry Hawkins (Nelson, London), 1909
Pierrepoint, Albert Executioner: Pierrepoint (Hodder and Stoughton), 1974
Strahan J A The Bench and Bar of England (Blackwood, Edinburgh and London), 1919
Robert Patrick Watson, A Journalist’s Experiences of Mixed Society (Macmillan, London), 1880
Punch in Wig and Gown (Educational Book Co. London), 1910
Steve Wade Mss. In Doncaster Archives: DZ MZ 65/1, letter from Churchill and notes on several cases including the Richter material.
Secondary Sources
Books
Abbott, Geoffrey William Calcraft, Executioner Extra-ordinaire (Eric Dobby: Barming), 2004
Abbott, Geoffrey Execution: A Guide to the Ultimate Penalty (Summersdale, London), 2005
David Bentley, The Sheffield Murders 1865-1965 (ALD Design and Print, Sheffield), 2003
Bland, James The Common Hangman: English and Scottish Hangmen before the Abolition of Public Executions (Zeon, London), 2001
Pauline Chapman Madame Tussaud’s Chamber of Horrors (Grafton, London), 1986
Davies, Owen Murder, Magic, Madness (Pearson, Harlow), 2005
Michael Diamond Victorian Sensation: the spectacular, the shocking and the scandalous in Nineteenth century Britain (Anthem Press, London), 2003
William Donaldson Rogues, Villains and Eccentrics (Phoenix, London), 2002
Jack Doughty The Rochdale Hangman (Jade Publishing, Oldham, 1998
Charles Duff A Handbook on Hanging (1928 1st ed, (Tempus, Stroud), 2006
Oliver Cyriax The Penguin Encyclopaedia of Crime (Penguin, London), 1993
Earl of Birkenhead Famous Trials (Hutchinson, London), 1930
Stewart P Evans Executioner: The Chronicles of James Berry, Victorian Hangman (Sutton, Stroud), 2004
Steve Fielding Pierrepoint: A Family of Executioners (London, Blake), 2006
V A C Gattrell The Hanging Tree: Execution and the English People 1770-1868 (O U P, Oxford), 1994
Jonathan Goodman The Daily Telegraph Murder File (Mandarin, London), 1993
Kelly Grovier The Gaol: The Story of Newgate (John Murray, London), 2008
Christopher Hibbert The Roots of Evil: a social history of crime and punishment (Sutton, Stroud), 2003
Robert Jackson The Chief: the biography of Gordon Hewart, Lord Chief Justice of England, 1922-40 (Harrap, London), 1959
Steve Jones Yorkshire: The Sinister Side Book 1 1850-80 (Wicked, Nottingham), 2004
Sadakat Kadri The Trial: A history from Socrates to O J Simpson (Harper, London), 2006
Ludovic Kennedy 10, Rillington Place (Gollancz, London), 1961
John Laurence A History of Capital Punishment (Sampson, Low and Marston), 1940
T J Leech A Date with the Hangman (True Crime Library, London), 1998
Klein, Leonora A Very English Hangman: The life and times of Albert Pierrepoint (Corvo, London ), 2006
Peter Linebaugh, The London Hanged (Verso, London), 2003
Lewis Lyons The History of Punishment (Amber Books, London), 2003
Frank McLynn Crime and Punishment in 18th Century England (Routledge, London), 1989
Edward Marjoribanks Famous Trials of Marshall Hall (Penguin, London), 1950
Thomas Leman Rede York Castle (J Saunders, York ), 1829
Rowe, John G The Scaffold and the Dock (Mellifont Press, London), 1938
George Ryley Scott The History of Corporal Punishment (Torchstream, London), 1938
Templewood, Viscount The Shadow of the Gallows (Gollancz, London), 1951
Donald Thomas The Victorian Underworld (John Murray, London), 1998
George Theodore Wilkinson The Newgate Calendar (1st edition, 1828, Sphere Books, London), 1991
Derek Yarwood Cheshire’s Execution Files, (Breedon Books, Derby), 2007
Robert Douglas, ‘The Hangman Lights a Cigarette . . .’ The Mail on Sunday, 29 May 2005
‘Pierrepoint the Hangman Faced the Axe’ Daily Express, 1 June 2006
Gerald D Robin ‘The Executioner: His Place in English Society’ in British Journal of Sociology 15.3. (1964) pp. 234-253
Illustrated London News
Journal of the Police History Society
Lincolnshire Gazette
Murder Most Foul
Punch
The Times Digital Archive
True Crime
True Detective
The Death Penalty in European Countries (Council of Europe, 1962)
Courts of Criminal Appeal (annual)
Web Sites
Back to Billington families in Lancs. www.users.bigpond.com/telglen
York Castle Prisons: www.richard.clark32.btinternet.co.uk/york
The British Female Hanged ditto
Paul R Williams The Ultimate Price: The Unlawful Killing of English Police Officers (See: www.murderfiles.com)