IMPORTANT DATES IN THE HISTORY OF THE SOCIETY OF JESUS

1491 Birth of Ignatius of Loyola

1521 Battle of Pamplona, where Ignatius was wounded and his conversion begun

1534 Ignatius and six fellow students at the University of Paris pronounce a vow to go to Jerusalem

1540 Official approval of the Society of Jesus by Pope Paul III

1542 Francis Xavier arrives in India

1547 Portuguese Jesuits arrive in Brazil

1548 Jesuits open their school in Messina, Italy

1556 Ignatius dies in Rome

1558 The First General Congregation approves the Constitutions and elects Diego Laínez to succeed Ignatius

1583 Matteo Ricci and Michele Ruggieri enter China

1614 Jesuits and other missionaries expelled from Japan Publication of the Monita Secreta

1622 Canonization of Ignatius and Xavier

1656 Pascal publishes the first of his Provincial Letters

1704 Condemnation of “Chinese Rites” by Pope Clement XI

1754 Outbreak of the “War of the Seven Reductions”

1759 Expulsion of the Jesuits from Portugal and Portuguese dominions

1764 King Louis XV issues the royal decree suppressing the Jesuits in France

1767 Jesuits suppressed in Spain and Spanish dominions and their properties seized

1773 Worldwide suppression by Pope Clement XIV, Dominus ac Redemptor

1801 Pope Pius VII validates the existence of the Society in Russia, Catholicae fidei

1814 Worldwide restoration of the Society by Pius VII, Sollicitudo omnium ecclesiarum

1965 Election of Pedro Arrupe as superior general, Thirty-First General Congregation

2013 Election of Jorge Mario Bergoglio as Pope Francis, the first Jesuit pope